diff --git a/.claude-plugin/marketplace.json b/.claude-plugin/marketplace.json index 3d2ff3e57..03b3f9f85 100644 --- a/.claude-plugin/marketplace.json +++ b/.claude-plugin/marketplace.json @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ { "name": "ecc", "source": "./", - "description": "Harness-native ECC operator layer - 68 agents, 291 skills, 94 legacy command shims, reusable hooks, rules, selective install profiles, and production-ready workflows for Claude Code, Codex, OpenCode, Cursor, and related agent harnesses", + "description": "Harness-native ECC operator layer - 68 agents, 292 skills, 94 legacy command shims, reusable hooks, rules, selective install profiles, and production-ready workflows for Claude Code, Codex, OpenCode, Cursor, and related agent harnesses", "version": "2.2.1", "author": { "name": "Affaan Mustafa", diff --git a/.claude-plugin/plugin.json b/.claude-plugin/plugin.json index 50a41a6f1..5f1e9a391 100644 --- a/.claude-plugin/plugin.json +++ b/.claude-plugin/plugin.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "name": "ecc", "version": "2.2.1", - "description": "Harness-native ECC plugin for engineering teams - 68 agents, 291 skills, 94 legacy command shims, reusable hooks, rules, MCP conventions, and operator workflows for Claude Code plus adjacent agent harnesses", + "description": "Harness-native ECC plugin for engineering teams - 68 agents, 292 skills, 94 legacy command shims, reusable hooks, rules, MCP conventions, and operator workflows for Claude Code plus adjacent agent harnesses", "author": { "name": "Affaan Mustafa", "url": "https://x.com/affaanmustafa" diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md index 33605f894..085342923 100644 --- a/AGENTS.md +++ b/AGENTS.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Everything Claude Code (ECC) — Agent Instructions -This is a **production-ready AI coding plugin** providing 68 specialized agents, 291 skills, 94 commands, and automated hook workflows for software development. +This is a **production-ready AI coding plugin** providing 68 specialized agents, 292 skills, 94 commands, and automated hook workflows for software development. **Version:** 2.2.1 @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ Troubleshoot failures: check test isolation → verify mocks → fix implementat ``` agents/ — 68 specialized subagents -skills/ — 291 workflow skills and domain knowledge +skills/ — 292 workflow skills and domain knowledge commands/ — 94 slash commands hooks/ — Trigger-based automations rules/ — Always-follow guidelines (common + per-language) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9e4126dd3..e11cc084a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ Instead of rebuilding that process in every prompt, you install it once and make ECC is MIT-licensed open source. It works best with Claude Code today, has a supported Codex sync path, and provides capability-limited adapters for Cursor, OpenCode, Gemini, Zed, GitHub Copilot, Antigravity, Qwen, and other harnesses. See the [support status matrix](#platform-support) before assuming feature parity. -Access to 68 agents, 291 skills, and 94 legacy command shims, plus hooks, rules, memory, continuous learning, and AgentShield security scanning. The agents are specialized for planning, review, build repair, security, architecture, and domain work. +Access to 68 agents, 292 skills, and 94 legacy command shims, plus hooks, rules, memory, continuous learning, and AgentShield security scanning. The agents are specialized for planning, review, build repair, security, architecture, and domain work. | Included | Count | What it gives you | | ---------------- | ----------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | Agents | 68 agents | Planning, review, build repair, security, architecture, and domain work | -| Skills | 291 skills | TDD, research, security, docs, frontend, data, ML, operations, and more | +| Skills | 292 skills | TDD, research, security, docs, frontend, data, ML, operations, and more | | Commands | 94 commands | Convenient entry points while ECC moves to a skills-first surface | | Hooks and memory | Runtime | Enforcement, session summaries, continuous learning, instincts, and context controls | | Rules | Selective | Always-loaded standards you choose by language or project | @@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ Stable graduation of the 2.0 line: control-pane substrate, worktree lifecycle se ```text ECC/ |-- agents/ # 68 specialized subagents for delegation -|-- skills/ # 291 reusable workflows loaded on demand +|-- skills/ # 292 reusable workflows loaded on demand |-- commands/ # 94 maintained slash-command shims |-- rules/ # opt-in common and language standards |-- hooks/ # runtime automation and enforcement @@ -887,6 +887,7 @@ ECC/ | |-- quarkus-security/ # Quarkus security | |-- quarkus-tdd/ # Quarkus TDD | |-- quarkus-verification/ # Quarkus verification +| |-- rails-patterns/ # Rails architecture patterns | |-- springboot-patterns/ # Java Spring Boot patterns | |-- springboot-security/ # Spring Boot security | |-- springboot-tdd/ # Spring Boot TDD diff --git a/README.zh-CN.md b/README.zh-CN.md index 214b978f7..e01fd54e2 100644 --- a/README.zh-CN.md +++ b/README.zh-CN.md @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Copy-Item -Recurse rules/typescript "$HOME/.claude/rules/" /plugin list ecc@ecc ``` -**完成！** 你现在可以使用 68 个代理、291 个技能和 94 个命令。 +**完成！** 你现在可以使用 68 个代理、292 个技能和 94 个命令。 ### multi-* 命令需要额外配置 diff --git a/agent.yaml b/agent.yaml index 3a1a48a59..ac7578d8d 100644 --- a/agent.yaml +++ b/agent.yaml @@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ skills: - quarkus-security - quarkus-tdd - quarkus-verification + - rails-patterns - ralphinho-rfc-pipeline - react-patterns - react-performance diff --git a/docs/tr/AGENTS.md b/docs/tr/AGENTS.md index 791e7f98a..c49b9962a 100644 --- a/docs/tr/AGENTS.md +++ b/docs/tr/AGENTS.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Everything Claude Code (ECC) — Agent Talimatları -Bu, yazılım geliştirme için 68 özel agent, 291 skill, 94 command ve otomatik hook iş akışları sağlayan **üretime hazır bir AI kodlama eklentisidir**. +Bu, yazılım geliştirme için 68 özel agent, 292 skill, 94 command ve otomatik hook iş akışları sağlayan **üretime hazır bir AI kodlama eklentisidir**. **Sürüm:** 2.2.1 @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Başarısızlık sorunlarını giderin: test izolasyonunu kontrol edin → mockl ``` agents/ — 68 özel subagent -skills/ — 291 iş akışı skillleri ve alan bilgisi +skills/ — 292 iş akışı skillleri ve alan bilgisi commands/ — 94 slash command hooks/ — Tetikleyici tabanlı otomasyonlar rules/ — Her zaman uyulması gereken kurallar (ortak + dile özel) diff --git a/docs/zh-CN/AGENTS.md b/docs/zh-CN/AGENTS.md index e9141f30b..2f5a18856 100644 --- a/docs/zh-CN/AGENTS.md +++ b/docs/zh-CN/AGENTS.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # Everything Claude Code (ECC) — 智能体指令 -这是一个**生产就绪的 AI 编码插件**，提供 68 个专业代理、291 项技能、94 条命令以及自动化钩子工作流，用于软件开发。 +这是一个**生产就绪的 AI 编码插件**，提供 68 个专业代理、292 项技能、94 条命令以及自动化钩子工作流，用于软件开发。 **版本:** 2.2.1 @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ ``` agents/ — 68 个专业子代理 -skills/ — 291 个工作流技能和领域知识 +skills/ — 292 个工作流技能和领域知识 commands/ — 94 个斜杠命令 hooks/ — 基于触发的自动化 rules/ — 始终遵循的指导方针（通用 + 每种语言） diff --git a/docs/zh-CN/README.md b/docs/zh-CN/README.md index 691c31a23..422f22d5d 100644 --- a/docs/zh-CN/README.md +++ b/docs/zh-CN/README.md @@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ Copy-Item -Recurse rules/typescript "$HOME/.claude/rules/" /plugin list ecc@ecc ``` -**搞定！** 你现在可以使用 68 个智能体、291 项技能和 94 个命令了。 +**搞定！** 你现在可以使用 68 个智能体、292 项技能和 94 个命令了。 *** @@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ opencode |---------|---------------|----------|--------| | 智能体 | PASS: 68 个 | PASS: 12 个 | **Claude Code 领先** | | 命令 | PASS: 94 个 | PASS: 35 个 | **Claude Code 领先** | -| 技能 | PASS: 291 项 | PASS: 37 项 | **Claude Code 领先** | +| 技能 | PASS: 292 项 | PASS: 37 项 | **Claude Code 领先** | | 钩子 | PASS: 8 种事件类型 | PASS: 11 种事件 | **OpenCode 更多！** | | 规则 | PASS: 29 条 | PASS: 13 条指令 | **Claude Code 领先** | | MCP 服务器 | PASS: 14 个 | PASS: 完整 | **完全对等** | @@ -1282,7 +1282,7 @@ ECC 是**第一个最大化利用每个主要 AI 编码工具的插件**。以 |---------|-----------------------|------------|-----------|----------| | **智能体** | 68 | 共享 (AGENTS.md) | 共享 (AGENTS.md) | 12 | | **命令** | 94 | 共享 | 基于指令 | 35 | -| **技能** | 291 | 共享 | 10 (原生格式) | 37 | +| **技能** | 292 | 共享 | 10 (原生格式) | 37 | | **钩子事件** | 8 种类型 | 15 种类型 | SessionStart（1 种类型） | 11 种类型 | | **钩子脚本** | 20+ 个脚本 | 16 个脚本 (DRY 适配器) | 1 个 SessionStart 引导脚本 | 插件钩子 | | **规则** | 34 (通用 + 语言) | 34 (YAML 前页) | 基于指令 | 13 条指令 | diff --git a/manifests/install-modules.json b/manifests/install-modules.json index 92a73e08d..884c7d39d 100644 --- a/manifests/install-modules.json +++ b/manifests/install-modules.json @@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ "skills/quarkus-patterns", "skills/quarkus-tdd", "skills/quarkus-verification", + "skills/rails-patterns", "skills/react-patterns", "skills/react-performance", "skills/react-testing", diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index b3508b59a..87487a914 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ "skills/quarkus-security/", "skills/quarkus-tdd/", "skills/quarkus-verification/", + "skills/rails-patterns/", "skills/ralphinho-rfc-pipeline/", "skills/react-patterns/", "skills/react-performance/", diff --git a/skills/rails-patterns/SKILL.md b/skills/rails-patterns/SKILL.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5133e8ab4 --- /dev/null +++ b/skills/rails-patterns/SKILL.md @@ -0,0 +1,476 @@ +--- +name: rails-patterns +description: Ruby on Rails framework patterns for Rails 7.1+ and 8.x apps. Covers the directory contract, skinny controllers with service objects, form objects, query objects, idiomatic ActiveRecord, background jobs, ViewComponent, Hotwire, and the Rails 8 Solid stack. Use when building or reviewing Rails apps, controllers, models, services, jobs, or views. +origin: community +--- + +# Rails Patterns + +Framework patterns for modern Ruby on Rails applications (Rails 7.1+ and 8.x). Rails is opinionated by design; these are the patterns the community has converged on for apps that stay maintainable past the 50-model mark. This skill is the "how." For the "what" and "when" (the decisions about which pattern to reach for), see the Ruby patterns rules — `rules/ruby/patterns.md` in this repository, installed as `rules/ecc/ruby/patterns.md`. + +## When to Activate + +- Building a Rails application (full-stack, API-only, or hybrid) +- Reviewing a PR that touches `app/` or `config/` +- Generating models, controllers, services, or jobs +- A controller action grows past ~10 lines +- A model file grows past ~200 lines +- ActiveRecord queries start appearing in controllers or views + +## Core Concepts + +### The directory contract + +Rails apps follow a predictable structure. Add directories deliberately, not casually. + +``` +app/ + models/ ActiveRecord models. Persistence and domain logic close to the data. + controllers/ HTTP request handling. Thin orchestration only. + views/ ERB templates. No business logic. + components/ ViewComponent classes. View logic that needs tests. + services/ Service objects. Multi-step business operations. + forms/ Form objects. Complex form handling across multiple models. + queries/ Query objects. Reusable, composable ActiveRecord queries. + jobs/ Background jobs. Async work via Solid Queue, Sidekiq, or GoodJob. + mailers/ ActionMailer classes. + helpers/ View helpers. Tiny presentational logic only. + policies/ Authorization policies (if using Pundit). Optional. + channels/ ActionCable channels for WebSocket work. +``` + +Avoid `app/lib/`, `app/utils/`, `app/managers/`. If something does not fit the directories above, the design usually needs rethinking, not a new directory. Truly generic code goes in `lib/`. + +### Skinny controllers + +Controllers receive a request, delegate to the right object, and render a response. Business logic lives elsewhere. (Per the Ruby patterns rules, extract to a service object when the controller starts carrying multiple responsibilities.) + +### Service objects + +The default for business operations that touch more than a single model save. Conventions that keep them consistent: + +- Namespace by domain (`Invoices::Create`), not by suffix (`InvoiceCreator`). +- A class method `.call` delegates to an instance `#call`. +- Return a Result object, not a boolean or a bare record, so the caller can branch on success, errors, and the affected record. +- Wrap multi-record writes in a transaction. +- Keep each service single-purpose (`Invoices::Create`, `Invoices::MarkPaid`), never `Invoices::Manager`. + +### Form objects + +When a form spans multiple models or has fields that do not map to columns, use a form object rather than nested attributes or virtual attributes on the wrong model. It quacks like a model to the view (`form_with model: @form`) while composing records cleanly. + +### Query objects + +For ActiveRecord queries reused across controllers or services, or too complex for a scope, extract a query object that accepts a scope as input so it composes. Rule of thumb: a scope that grows past three chained conditions or starts taking parameters wants to be a query object. + +### Background jobs + +Offload anything slow. (Per the Ruby patterns rules, Solid Queue for greenfield Rails 8 with modest throughput; Sidekiq when you need mature observability, high throughput, or existing Redis.) Regardless of adapter: pass IDs not records, make `perform` idempotent, and set `retry_on`/`discard_on` explicitly. + +### ViewComponent over partials + +For view logic with conditional rendering, more than two arguments, or reuse across more than three places, prefer a ViewComponent. Components are testable in isolation and surface their interface explicitly; partials with deep conditional logic become debt. + +### Hotwire: Turbo and Stimulus + +The default Rails frontend stack. (Per the Ruby patterns rules, prefer Hotwire for server-rendered apps; reach for React/Vue only when interaction complexity justifies the client surface.) Turbo Frames for partial page updates, Turbo Streams for server-driven updates, Stimulus for small client-side behaviors next to the markup. + +### The Rails 8 Solid stack + +Rails 8 ships database-backed defaults that previously needed Redis: Solid Queue (jobs), Solid Cache (cache), Solid Cable (ActionCable). The tradeoff is more database load for one fewer infrastructure component; a good fit for modest throughput, with Redis still winning at high scale. Kamal is the default Docker-based deploy tool. + +## Code Examples + +### Skinny controller with a service object + +```ruby +# Bad: business logic in the controller +class InvoicesController < ApplicationController + def create + @invoice = Invoice.new(invoice_params) + @invoice.user = current_user + @invoice.line_items.build(invoice_params[:line_items]) + @invoice.tax_total = TaxCalculator.new(@invoice).calculate + @invoice.total = @invoice.line_items.sum(&:amount) + @invoice.tax_total + + if @invoice.save + InvoiceMailer.created(@invoice).deliver_later + AccountingExportJob.perform_later(@invoice.id) + redirect_to @invoice, notice: "Invoice created" + else + render :new + end + end +end + +# Good: controller orchestrates, service does the work +class InvoicesController < ApplicationController + def create + result = Invoices::Create.call(params: invoice_params, user: current_user) + + if result.success? + redirect_to result.invoice, notice: "Invoice created" + else + @invoice = result.invoice + render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity + end + end +end +``` + +### The service object + +```ruby +# app/services/invoices/create.rb +module Invoices + class Create + # Struct keeps this runnable on every Ruby that Rails 7.1 supports. + # On Ruby 3.2+, `Data.define(:success?, :invoice, :errors)` is a more + # concise immutable alternative. + Result = Struct.new(:success, :invoice, :errors, keyword_init: true) do + def success? + success + end + end + + def self.call(params:, user:) + new(params: params, user: user).call + end + + def initialize(params:, user:) + @params = params + @user = user + end + + def call + invoice = build_invoice + ApplicationRecord.transaction do + invoice.save! + end + begin + send_notifications(invoice) + rescue StandardError => e + Rails.logger.error("Notification dispatch failed for invoice #{invoice.id}: #{e.message}") + end + Result.new(success: true, invoice: invoice, errors: nil) + rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid => e + Result.new(success: false, invoice: e.record, errors: e.record.errors) + end + + private + + attr_reader :params, :user + + def build_invoice + invoice = user.invoices.new(params.except(:line_items)) + invoice.tax_total = TaxCalculator.call(invoice) + invoice.line_items.build(params[:line_items]) + invoice.total = invoice.line_items.sum(&:amount) + invoice.tax_total + invoice + end + + def send_notifications(invoice) + InvoiceMailer.created(invoice).deliver_later + AccountingExportJob.perform_later(invoice.id) + end + end +end +``` + +### Form object + +```ruby +# app/forms/signup_form.rb +class SignupForm + include ActiveModel::Model + include ActiveModel::Attributes + + attribute :email, :string + attribute :password, :string + attribute :company_name, :string + attribute :terms_accepted, :boolean + + validates :email, presence: true, format: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP + validates :password, presence: true, length: { minimum: 12 } + validates :company_name, presence: true + validates :terms_accepted, acceptance: true + + attr_reader :user, :company + + def save + return false unless valid? + + ApplicationRecord.transaction do + @company = Company.create!(name: company_name) + @user = @company.users.create!(email: email, password: password, role: :owner) + end + true + rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid => e + errors.merge!(e.record.errors) + false + end +end +``` + +### Query object + +```ruby +# app/queries/invoices/overdue.rb +module Invoices + class Overdue + def self.call(scope: Invoice.all, as_of: Time.current) + new(scope: scope, as_of: as_of).call + end + + def initialize(scope:, as_of:) + @scope = scope + @as_of = as_of + end + + def call + scope + .where(status: :sent) + .where(due_date: ..as_of) + .where.not(id: paid_invoice_ids) + .includes(:customer, :line_items) + end + + private + + attr_reader :scope, :as_of + + def paid_invoice_ids + Payment.where(created_at: ..as_of).pluck(:invoice_id) + end + end +end +``` + +Query objects accept a scope, so they compose: `Invoices::Overdue.call(scope: current_user.invoices)`. + +### N+1 prevention + +```ruby +# Bad: N+1 in the view when it calls post.author.name +@posts = Post.published + +# Good: eager load +@posts = Post.published.includes(:author) +``` + +`includes` lets Rails choose preload vs eager_load. Force `preload` for separate queries, `eager_load` for a JOIN when filtering on the association. In Rails 7.1+, `strict_loading` raises on accidental lazy loads. + +### Counter cache + +```ruby +class Comment < ApplicationRecord + belongs_to :post, counter_cache: true +end +``` + +```ruby +add_column :posts, :comments_count, :integer, default: 0, null: false +``` + +`post.comments_count` becomes a column read instead of a `COUNT(*)`. This example +assumes a new table; adding a counter cache to a table that already has rows requires a +backfill, which is out of scope here. + +### Background job shape + +Pass record IDs, not records. Retries make delivery at-least-once, so any job that calls +an external service must be idempotent — otherwise a transient failure after the remote +call succeeds will duplicate the effect on the next attempt. + +```ruby +class AccountingExportJob < ApplicationJob + queue_as :exports + + retry_on AccountingApi::TransientError, wait: :polynomially_longer, attempts: 5 + discard_on AccountingApi::PermanentError + + def perform(invoice_id) + invoice = Invoice.find(invoice_id) + export = AccountingExport.create_or_find_by!( + invoice: invoice, + idempotency_key: "invoice-export-#{invoice.id}-#{invoice.updated_at.to_i}" + ) + return if export.completed_at? + + receipt = AccountingApi.export(invoice, idempotency_key: export.idempotency_key) + export.update!(completed_at: Time.current, external_id: receipt.id) + end +end +``` + +```ruby +add_index :accounting_exports, :idempotency_key, unique: true +``` + +The unique index is what makes this safe: when two attempts race, the database rejects +the second insert and Active Record resolves the conflict inside the call, returning the +existing row. That happens without any job-level retry — `retry_on` above covers only +`AccountingApi::TransientError`. The guard +covers the window before the remote call; passing `idempotency_key` through to the API +covers the window after it, so a crash between the API call and `update!` still resolves +to a single export. + +### ViewComponent + +```ruby +# app/components/invoice_status_badge_component.rb +class InvoiceStatusBadgeComponent < ViewComponent::Base + STATUS_CLASSES = { + draft: "bg-gray-100 text-gray-800", + sent: "bg-blue-100 text-blue-800", + paid: "bg-green-100 text-green-800", + overdue: "bg-red-100 text-red-800" + }.freeze + + def initialize(invoice:) + @invoice = invoice + end + + def call + tag.span(@invoice.status.humanize, class: "rounded-full px-2 py-1 text-sm #{status_class}") + end + + private + + def status_class + STATUS_CLASSES.fetch(@invoice.status.to_sym, "bg-gray-100") + end +end +``` + +```erb +<%= render InvoiceStatusBadgeComponent.new(invoice: @invoice) %> +``` + +### Hotwire + +```erb +<%# Turbo Frame: clicking Edit replaces only this frame %> +<%= turbo_frame_tag "invoice_#{@invoice.id}" do %> +
+ <%= link_to "Edit", edit_invoice_path(@invoice) %> +
+<% end %> +``` + +```erb +<%# Turbo Stream: app/views/comments/create.turbo_stream.erb %> +<%= turbo_stream.append "comments", @comment %> +<%= turbo_stream.update "comment_form", partial: "form", locals: { comment: Comment.new } %> +``` + +```javascript +// app/javascript/controllers/copy_to_clipboard_controller.js +import { Controller } from "@hotwired/stimulus" + +export default class extends Controller { + static targets = ["source"] + + copy() { + navigator.clipboard.writeText(this.sourceTarget.value) + } +} +``` + +### Acceptable vs unacceptable callbacks + +```ruby +# Acceptable: pure data normalization +class User < ApplicationRecord + before_validation :normalize_email + + private + + def normalize_email + self.email = email.to_s.downcase.strip + end +end + +# Move to a service instead: side effects hidden in a callback +# class User < ApplicationRecord +# after_create :send_welcome_email # hard to opt out of, hard to test +# end +``` + +### Good concern vs bad concern + +```ruby +# Good: genuinely cross-cutting, reusable across unrelated models +# app/models/concerns/soft_deletable.rb +module SoftDeletable + extend ActiveSupport::Concern + + included do + scope :active, -> { where(deleted_at: nil) } + scope :deleted, -> { where.not(deleted_at: nil) } + end + + def soft_delete! = update!(deleted_at: Time.current) + def restore! = update!(deleted_at: nil) +end + +# Bad: a "concern" used by exactly one model, holding logic that belongs on it +# app/models/concerns/invoice_calculations.rb +module InvoiceCalculations + extend ActiveSupport::Concern + + def calculate_total + line_items.sum(&:amount) + tax_total + end +end +# Only Invoice includes this. It isn't cross-cutting; it's Invoice's own logic +# hidden in a module for the appearance of a "skinny" model. Put it back on Invoice. +``` + +A concern used by only one class is just moving code; it belongs in that class. A concern should be reusable across at least two unrelated models. + +## Anti-Patterns + +### God controllers + +Any controller past ~80 lines is doing too much. Split actions across controllers or extract to services. + +### Fat models with 30+ methods + +Models should know about their own data. Methods that orchestrate other models, send notifications, or coordinate workflows belong in services. + +### Callback chains + +`after_save :update_cache, :send_notifications, :enqueue_export` is the start of a debugging nightmare. Move them into a service that runs them explicitly. + +### Nested attributes for complex forms + +`accepts_nested_attributes_for` is fine for simple cases. For conditional validation or cross-model logic, use a form object. + +### Default scopes on critical models + +`default_scope { where(deleted: false) }` silently excludes records from every query in the app, including the ones you need for support and debugging. Prefer an explicit named scope. + +### Models named after database concepts + +`UserRole`, `OrderStatus`, `InvoiceState` are usually enum candidates, not models. + +### Reaching for a JS framework before Hotwire + +If the page is server-rendered with occasional interactivity, Hotwire ships faster. Reserve React/Vue for genuinely SPA-shaped apps. + +## Best Practices + +- Keep controllers thin; push business logic into services. +- Return Result objects from services so callers branch on outcome, not exceptions. +- Wrap multi-record writes in a transaction; let notification/side-effect failures log without breaking the primary write. +- Pass IDs to jobs, keep `perform` idempotent, set retry/discard explicitly. +- Default to eager loading; treat an accidental N+1 as a bug, not a nuisance. +- Reserve concerns for behavior shared across at least two unrelated models. +- Reach for Hotwire before a client-side framework on server-rendered apps. + +## Related Skills + +- `backend-patterns` — service boundaries and adapter patterns (referenced by the Ruby patterns rules) +- `ruby-patterns` — language-level Ruby idioms (if present) +- Ruby patterns rules (`rules/ruby/patterns.md`, installed as `rules/ecc/ruby/patterns.md`) — the decisions and when-to-use guidance this skill implements