diff --git a/examples/multi_agent/agent_supervisor.ipynb b/examples/multi_agent/agent_supervisor.ipynb
index 53c0d6b30..8f2d01fa4 100644
--- a/examples/multi_agent/agent_supervisor.ipynb
+++ b/examples/multi_agent/agent_supervisor.ipynb
@@ -107,10 +107,7 @@
     "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def create_agent(\n",
-    "    llm: ChatOpenAI, tools: list, system_prompt: str\n",
-    "):\n",
+    "def create_agent(llm: ChatOpenAI, tools: list, system_prompt: str):\n",
     "    # Each worker node will be given a name and some tools.\n",
     "    prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n",
     "        [\n",
@@ -255,7 +252,11 @@
     "research_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=research_agent, name=\"Researcher\")\n",
     "\n",
     "# NOTE: THIS PERFORMS ARBITRARY CODE EXECUTION. PROCEED WITH CAUTION\n",
-    "code_agent = create_agent(llm, [python_repl_tool], \"You may generate safe python code to analyze data and generate charts using matplotlib.\")\n",
+    "code_agent = create_agent(\n",
+    "    llm,\n",
+    "    [python_repl_tool],\n",
+    "    \"You may generate safe python code to analyze data and generate charts using matplotlib.\",\n",
+    ")\n",
     "code_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=code_agent, name=\"Coder\")\n",
     "\n",
     "workflow = StateGraph(AgentState)\n",
@@ -369,11 +370,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "for s in graph.stream(\n",
-    "    {\n",
-    "        \"messages\": [\n",
-    "            HumanMessage(content=\"Write a brief research report on pikas.\")\n",
-    "        ]\n",
-    "    },\n",
+    "    {\"messages\": [HumanMessage(content=\"Write a brief research report on pikas.\")]},\n",
     "    {\"recursion_limit\": 100},\n",
     "):\n",
     "    if \"__end__\" not in s:\n",
diff --git a/examples/multi_agent/hierarchical_agent_teams.ipynb b/examples/multi_agent/hierarchical_agent_teams.ipynb
index a4794a319..37c9e46bf 100644
--- a/examples/multi_agent/hierarchical_agent_teams.ipynb
+++ b/examples/multi_agent/hierarchical_agent_teams.ipynb
@@ -291,9 +291,7 @@
     "    return {\"messages\": [HumanMessage(content=result[\"output\"], name=name)]}\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
-    "def create_team_supervisor(\n",
-    "    llm: ChatOpenAI, system_prompt, members\n",
-    ") -> str:\n",
+    "def create_team_supervisor(llm: ChatOpenAI, system_prompt, members) -> str:\n",
     "    \"\"\"An LLM-based router.\"\"\"\n",
     "    options = [\"FINISH\"] + members\n",
     "    function_def = {\n",
@@ -374,10 +372,18 @@
     "\n",
     "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-1106-preview\")\n",
     "\n",
-    "search_agent = create_agent(llm, [tavily_tool], \"You are a research assistant who can search for up-to-date info using the tavily search engine.\")\n",
+    "search_agent = create_agent(\n",
+    "    llm,\n",
+    "    [tavily_tool],\n",
+    "    \"You are a research assistant who can search for up-to-date info using the tavily search engine.\",\n",
+    ")\n",
     "search_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=search_agent, name=\"Search\")\n",
     "\n",
-    "research_agent = create_agent(llm, [scrape_webpages], \"You are a research assistant who can scrape specified urls for more detailed information using the scrape_webpages function.\")\n",
+    "research_agent = create_agent(\n",
+    "    llm,\n",
+    "    [scrape_webpages],\n",
+    "    \"You are a research assistant who can scrape specified urls for more detailed information using the scrape_webpages function.\",\n",
+    ")\n",
     "research_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=research_agent, name=\"Web Scraper\")\n",
     "\n",
     "supervisor_agent = create_team_supervisor(\n",
@@ -388,7 +394,7 @@
     "    \" task and respond with their results and status. When finished,\"\n",
     "    \" respond with FINISH.\",\n",
     "    [\"Search\", \"Web Scraper\"],\n",
-    ")\n"
+    ")"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -417,17 +423,14 @@
     "research_graph.add_conditional_edges(\n",
     "    \"supervisor\",\n",
     "    lambda x: x[\"next\"],\n",
-    "    {\n",
-    "        \"Search\": \"Search\",\n",
-    "        \"Web Scraper\": \"Web Scraper\",\n",
-    "        \"FINISH\": END\n",
-    "    }\n",
+    "    {\"Search\": \"Search\", \"Web Scraper\": \"Web Scraper\", \"FINISH\": END},\n",
     ")\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "research_graph.set_entry_point(\"supervisor\")\n",
     "chain = research_graph.compile()\n",
     "\n",
+    "\n",
     "# The following functions interoperate between the top level graph state\n",
     "# and the state of the research sub-graph\n",
     "# this makes it so that the states of each graph don't get intermixed\n",
@@ -438,11 +441,7 @@
     "    return results\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "research_chain = (\n",
-    "    enter_chain\n",
-    "    | chain\n",
-    ")"
+    "research_chain = enter_chain | chain"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -474,9 +473,8 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "for s in research_chain.stream(\n",
-    "        \"when is Taylor Swift's next tour?\",\n",
-    "        {\"recursion_limit\": 100}\n",
-    "    ):\n",
+    "    \"when is Taylor Swift's next tour?\", {\"recursion_limit\": 100}\n",
+    "):\n",
     "    if \"__end__\" not in s:\n",
     "        print(s)\n",
     "        print(\"---\")"
@@ -539,7 +537,6 @@
     "    }\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
-    "\n",
     "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-1106-preview\")\n",
     "\n",
     "doc_writer_agent = create_agent(\n",
@@ -551,7 +548,9 @@
     ")\n",
     "# Injects current directory working state before each call\n",
     "context_aware_doc_writer_agent = prelude | doc_writer_agent\n",
-    "doc_writing_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=context_aware_doc_writer_agent, name=\"Doc Writer\")\n",
+    "doc_writing_node = functools.partial(\n",
+    "    agent_node, agent=context_aware_doc_writer_agent, name=\"Doc Writer\"\n",
+    ")\n",
     "\n",
     "note_taking_agent = create_agent(\n",
     "    llm,\n",
@@ -560,7 +559,9 @@
     "    \" taking notes to craft a perfect paper.{current_files}\",\n",
     ")\n",
     "context_aware_note_taking_agent = prelude | note_taking_agent\n",
-    "note_taking_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=context_aware_note_taking_agent, name=\"Note Taker\")\n",
+    "note_taking_node = functools.partial(\n",
+    "    agent_node, agent=context_aware_note_taking_agent, name=\"Note Taker\"\n",
+    ")\n",
     "\n",
     "chart_generating_agent = create_agent(\n",
     "    llm,\n",
@@ -569,7 +570,9 @@
     "    \"{current_files}\",\n",
     ")\n",
     "context_aware_chart_generating_agent = prelude | chart_generating_agent\n",
-    "chart_generating_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=context_aware_note_taking_agent, name=\"Chart Generator\")\n",
+    "chart_generating_node = functools.partial(\n",
+    "    agent_node, agent=context_aware_note_taking_agent, name=\"Chart Generator\"\n",
+    ")\n",
     "\n",
     "doc_writing_supervisor = create_team_supervisor(\n",
     "    llm,\n",
@@ -578,7 +581,7 @@
     "    \" respond with the worker to act next. Each worker will perform a\"\n",
     "    \" task and respond with their results and status. When finished,\"\n",
     "    \" respond with FINISH.\",\n",
-    "    [\"Doc Writer\", \"Note Taker\", \"Chart Generator\"]\n",
+    "    [\"Doc Writer\", \"Note Taker\", \"Chart Generator\"],\n",
     ")"
    ]
   },
@@ -618,20 +621,21 @@
     "        \"Doc Writer\": \"Doc Writer\",\n",
     "        \"Note Taker\": \"Note Taker\",\n",
     "        \"Chart Generator\": \"Chart Generator\",\n",
-    "        \"FINISH\": END\n",
-    "    }\n",
+    "        \"FINISH\": END,\n",
+    "    },\n",
     ")\n",
     "\n",
     "authoring_graph.set_entry_point(\"supervisor\")\n",
     "chain = research_graph.compile()\n",
     "\n",
+    "\n",
     "# The following functions interoperate between the top level graph state\n",
     "# and the state of the research sub-graph\n",
     "# this makes it so that the states of each graph don't get intermixed\n",
     "def enter_chain(message: str, members: List[str]):\n",
     "    results = {\n",
     "        \"messages\": [HumanMessage(content=message)],\n",
-    "        \"team_members\": \", \".join(members)\n",
+    "        \"team_members\": \", \".join(members),\n",
     "    }\n",
     "    return results\n",
     "\n",
@@ -664,9 +668,9 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "for s in authoring_chain.stream(\n",
-    "        \"Write an outline for poem and then write the poem to disk.\",\n",
-    "        {\"recursion_limit\": 100}\n",
-    "    ):\n",
+    "    \"Write an outline for poem and then write the poem to disk.\",\n",
+    "    {\"recursion_limit\": 100},\n",
+    "):\n",
     "    if \"__end__\" not in s:\n",
     "        print(s)\n",
     "        print(\"---\")"
@@ -720,6 +724,7 @@
     "    messages: Annotated[List[BaseMessage], operator.add]\n",
     "    next: str\n",
     "\n",
+    "\n",
     "def get_last_message(state: State) -> str:\n",
     "    return state[\"messages\"][-1].content\n",
     "\n",
@@ -727,6 +732,7 @@
     "def join_graph(response: dict):\n",
     "    return {\"messages\": [response[\"messages\"][-1]]}\n",
     "\n",
+    "\n",
     "# Define the graph.\n",
     "super_graph = StateGraph(State)\n",
     "# First add the nodes, which will do the work\n",
@@ -746,8 +752,8 @@
     "    {\n",
     "        \"Paper writing team\": \"Paper writing team\",\n",
     "        \"Research team\": \"Research team\",\n",
-    "        \"FINISH\": END\n",
-    "    }\n",
+    "        \"FINISH\": END,\n",
+    "    },\n",
     ")\n",
     "super_graph.set_entry_point(\"supervisor\")\n",
     "super_graph = super_graph.compile()"
@@ -814,13 +820,15 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "for s in super_graph.stream(\n",
-    "        {\n",
-    "            \"messages\": [\n",
-    "                HumanMessage(content=\"Write a brief research report on the North American sturgeon. Include a chart.\")\n",
-    "            ],\n",
-    "        },\n",
-    "        {\"recursion_limit\": 150},\n",
-    "    ):\n",
+    "    {\n",
+    "        \"messages\": [\n",
+    "            HumanMessage(\n",
+    "                content=\"Write a brief research report on the North American sturgeon. Include a chart.\"\n",
+    "            )\n",
+    "        ],\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "    {\"recursion_limit\": 150},\n",
+    "):\n",
     "    if \"__end__\" not in s:\n",
     "        print(s)\n",
     "        print(\"---\")"
diff --git a/examples/multi_agent/multi-agent-collaboration.ipynb b/examples/multi_agent/multi-agent-collaboration.ipynb
index 8afa66194..bad5669a8 100644
--- a/examples/multi_agent/multi-agent-collaboration.ipynb
+++ b/examples/multi_agent/multi-agent-collaboration.ipynb
@@ -118,9 +118,7 @@
     "    )\n",
     "    prompt = prompt.partial(system_message=system_message)\n",
     "    prompt = prompt.partial(tool_names=\", \".join([tool.name for tool in tools]))\n",
-    "    return prompt | llm.bind_functions(functions)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n"
+    "    return prompt | llm.bind_functions(functions)"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -162,8 +160,7 @@
     "        result = repl.run(code)\n",
     "    except BaseException as e:\n",
     "        return f\"Failed to execute. Error: {repr(e)}\"\n",
-    "    return f\"Succesfully executed:\\n```python\\n{code}\\n```\\nStdout: {result}\"\n",
-    "\n"
+    "    return f\"Succesfully executed:\\n```python\\n{code}\\n```\\nStdout: {result}\""
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -251,8 +248,8 @@
     "\n",
     "# Research agent and node\n",
     "research_agent = create_agent(\n",
-    "    llm, \n",
-    "    [tavily_tool], \n",
+    "    llm,\n",
+    "    [tavily_tool],\n",
     "    system_message=\"You should provide accurate data for the chart generator to use.\",\n",
     ")\n",
     "research_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=research_agent, name=\"Researcher\")\n",
@@ -286,6 +283,7 @@
     "tools = [tavily_tool, python_repl]\n",
     "tool_executor = ToolExecutor(tools)\n",
     "\n",
+    "\n",
     "def tool_node(state):\n",
     "    \"\"\"This runs tools in the graph\n",
     "\n",