diff --git a/libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/state.py b/libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/state.py
index 1b5ef0191..2dcd2e95e 100644
--- a/libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/state.py
+++ b/libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/state.py
@@ -760,23 +760,22 @@ class CompiledStateGraph(CompiledGraph):
                         updates.extend(_get_updates(i) or ())
                 return updates
             elif get_type_hints(type(input)):
-                # if input is a Pydantic model, only update values
-                # for the keys that have been explicitly set by the users
-                # (this is needed to avoid sending updates for fields with None defaults)
-                output_keys_ = output_keys
                 # Pydantic v2
-                if hasattr(input, "model_fields_set"):
-                    output_keys_ = [
-                        k for k in output_keys if k in input.model_fields_set
-                    ]
+                if hasattr(input, "model_fields"):
+                    defaults = {k: v.default for k, v in input.model_fields.items()}
                 # Pydantic v1
-                elif hasattr(input, "__fields_set__"):
-                    output_keys_ = [k for k in output_keys if k in input.__fields_set__]
+                elif hasattr(input, "__fields__"):
+                    defaults = {k: v.default for k, v in input.__fields__.items()}
+                else:
+                    defaults = {}
 
+                # if input is a Pydantic model, only update values
+                # that are different from the default values
                 return [
-                    (k, getattr(input, k))
-                    for k in output_keys_
-                    if getattr(input, k, MISSING) is not MISSING
+                    (k, value)
+                    for k in output_keys
+                    if (value := getattr(input, k, MISSING)) is not MISSING
+                    and value != defaults.get(k)
                 ]
             else:
                 msg = create_error_message(
diff --git a/libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel.py b/libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel.py
index dfd3ed55e..938ee63f3 100644
--- a/libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel.py
+++ b/libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel.py
@@ -6658,6 +6658,40 @@ def test_pydantic_none_state_update() -> None:
     assert graph.invoke({"foo": ""}) == {"foo": None}
 
 
+def test_pydantic_state_mutation() -> None:
+    from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+    class Inner(BaseModel):
+        a: int = 0
+
+    class State(BaseModel):
+        inner: Inner = Inner()
+        outer: int = 0
+
+    def my_node(state: State) -> State:
+        state.inner.a = 5
+        state.outer = 10
+        return state
+
+    graph = StateGraph(State).add_node(my_node).add_edge(START, "my_node").compile()
+
+    assert graph.invoke({"outer": 1}) == {"outer": 10, "inner": Inner(a=5)}
+
+    # test w/ default_factory
+    class State(BaseModel):
+        inner: Inner = Field(default_factory=Inner)
+        outer: int = 0
+
+    def my_node(state: State) -> State:
+        state.inner.a = 5
+        state.outer = 10
+        return state
+
+    graph = StateGraph(State).add_node(my_node).add_edge(START, "my_node").compile()
+
+    assert graph.invoke({"outer": 1}) == {"outer": 10, "inner": Inner(a=5)}
+
+
 def test_get_stream_writer() -> None:
     class State(TypedDict):
         foo: str