fix(langgraph): give each bulk_update_state update its own task id

An update whose node has no pending task to reuse was stored under
uuid5(checkpoint_id, INTERRUPT), so every such update in one superstep
shared a task id. Savers keep one write per (task_id, idx), so all but the
first update's writes were dropped. Plain channels were unaffected, since
their value is stored in the new checkpoint, but a DeltaChannel replays
those writes and lost every update after the first.

The ith update now gets uuid5(checkpoint_id, f"{INTERRUPT}:{i}"). The first
keeps the old id, so a single update stores exactly what it did before.

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -139,23 +139,10 @@ jobs:
             echo EOF
           } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
-  test-pypi-publish:
-    needs:
-      - build
-      - release-notes
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      id-token: write
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_test_release.yml
-    with:
-      working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-    secrets: inherit
-
   pre-release-checks:
     needs:
       - build
       - release-notes
-      - test-pypi-publish
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
@@ -180,31 +167,20 @@ jobs:
           enable-cache: false
           working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
-      - name: Import published package
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: dist
+          path: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}/dist/
+
+      - name: Import dist package
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
         env:
           PKG_NAME: ${{ needs.build.outputs.pkg-name }}
           VERSION: ${{ needs.build.outputs.version }}
-        # Here we use:
+        # Install directly from the locally-built wheel (no index resolution needed).
-        # - The default regular PyPI index as the *primary* index, meaning
-        #   that it takes priority (https://pypi.org/simple)
-        # - The test PyPI index as an extra index, so that any dependencies that
-        #   are not found on test PyPI can be resolved and installed anyway.
-        #   (https://test.pypi.org/simple). This will include the PKG_NAME==VERSION
-        #   package because VERSION will not have been uploaded to regular PyPI yet.
-        # - attempt install again after 5 seconds if it fails because there is
-        #   sometimes a delay in availability on test pypi
         run: |
-          uv run pip install \
+          uv run pip install dist/*.whl
-            --extra-index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ \
-            "$PKG_NAME==$VERSION" || \
-          ( \
-            sleep 5 && \
-            uv run pip install \
-              --extra-index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ \
-              "$PKG_NAME==$VERSION" \
-          )
 
           if [[ "$PKG_NAME" == *prebuilt* ]]; then
             uv run pip install langgraph
@@ -226,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
         run: uv sync --group test
         working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
-      # Overwrite the local version of the package with the test PyPI version.
+      # Overwrite the local version of the package with the built version
       - name: Import published package (again)
         working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
         shell: bash
@@ -234,14 +210,25 @@ jobs:
           PKG_NAME: ${{ needs.build.outputs.pkg-name }}
           VERSION: ${{ needs.build.outputs.version }}
         run: |
-          uv run pip install \
+          uv run pip install dist/*.whl
-            --extra-index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ \
-            "$PKG_NAME==$VERSION"
 
       - name: Run unit tests
         run: make test
         working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
+  test-pypi-publish:
+    needs:
+      - build
+      - release-notes
+      - pre-release-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_test_release.yml
+    with:
+      working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
+    secrets: inherit
+
   publish:
     needs:
       - build

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/spec/test_delta_channel_history.py

@@ -267,61 +267,6 @@ async def test_history_seed_ancestor_own_writes_are_replayed(
     )
 
 
-# Every uuid4 `build_delta_chain` tags its own writes with sorts between these
-# two, so task_id order is fixed and always disagrees with task_path order.
-TASK_ID_SORTS_FIRST = "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000"
-TASK_ID_SORTS_LAST = "ffffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff"
-
-
-async def test_history_orders_parallel_writes_by_task_path(
-    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    """Writes from parallel tasks replay in task_path order, not task_id order."""
-    configs = await build_delta_chain(
-        saver,
-        thread_id=str(uuid4()),
-        channel="ch",
-        snapshots_at_steps=[0],
-        total_steps=3,
-    )
-    step_1, head = configs[1], configs[2]
-    await saver.aput_writes(
-        step_1, [("ch", "second")], TASK_ID_SORTS_FIRST, "~pull, 02"
-    )
-    await saver.aput_writes(step_1, [("ch", "first")], TASK_ID_SORTS_LAST, "~pull, 01")
-
-    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
-    values = [w[2] for w in result["ch"]["writes"]]
-    assert values == [1, "first", "second"], (
-        f"Expected task_path order [1, 'first', 'second'], got {values}. "
-        "Ordering by (task_id, idx) alone yields [1, 'second', 'first']."
-    )
-
-
-async def test_history_orders_pathless_writes_first(
-    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    """Writes stored without a task_path (graph input) replay before task writes."""
-    configs = await build_delta_chain(
-        saver,
-        thread_id=str(uuid4()),
-        channel="ch",
-        snapshots_at_steps=[0],
-        total_steps=3,
-    )
-    step_1, head = configs[1], configs[2]
-    await saver.aput_writes(
-        step_1, [("ch", "from_node")], TASK_ID_SORTS_FIRST, "~pull, a"
-    )
-    await saver.aput_writes(step_1, [("ch", "from_input")], TASK_ID_SORTS_LAST)
-
-    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
-    values = [w[2] for w in result["ch"]["writes"]]
-    assert values == [1, "from_input", "from_node"], (
-        f"Expected pathless writes first, got {values}"
-    )
-
-
 ALL_DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY_TESTS = [
     test_history_returns_writes_oldest_first,
     test_history_seed_is_nearest_snapshot,
@@ -331,8 +276,6 @@ ALL_DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY_TESTS = [
     test_history_walk_to_root_no_seed,
     test_history_migration_plain_value_as_seed,
     test_history_seed_ancestor_own_writes_are_replayed,
-    test_history_orders_parallel_writes_by_task_path,
-    test_history_orders_pathless_writes_first,
 ]
 
 

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/__init__.py

@@ -448,11 +448,12 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
 
         Two-stage query, both stages cover ALL requested channels:
 
-        * Stage 1 (paged): dynamic SELECT over `checkpoints` with K parallel
+        * Stage 1 (paged): dynamic SELECT over `checkpoints` with three
-          JSONB key lookups (one column pair per channel) — no subquery, no
+          columns per channel: its version, an `EXISTS` probe for a stored
-          aggregation. Pages newest-first by `checkpoint_id` with a cursor;
+          blob at that version, and its inline value. Pages newest-first by
-          page size is `_DELTA_PAGE_SIZE`. Stops paging when every channel
+          `checkpoint_id` with a cursor; page size is `_DELTA_PAGE_SIZE`.
-          has found its seed or the chain is exhausted.
+          Stops paging when every channel has found its seed or a page comes
+          back short.
 
         * Stage 2 (per-channel UNION ALL): one branch per channel reading
           `checkpoint_writes` filtered to that channel's specific

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/base.py

@@ -168,35 +168,12 @@ class _DeltaStage2Row(TypedDict, total=False):
     type: str | None
     blob: bytes | None
     task_id: str | None  # "w" rows only
-    task_path: str | None  # "w" rows only
     idx: int | None  # "w" rows only
     version: str | None  # "b" rows only
 
 
-# Multi-channel two-stage DeltaChannel reconstruction.
+# Delta history is rebuilt in two queries; `_build_delta_stage1_sql` and
-#
+# `_build_delta_stage2_sql` document their shapes.
-# Stage 1 scans checkpoint metadata (no blob bytes) and emits one row per
-# checkpoint with K parallel JSONB key lookups (one column pair per
-# requested delta channel: ver_i / hs_i).  No subqueries, no aggregation.
-# Python walks the parent chain once across all channels.
-#
-# Stage 2 fetches all writes and the seed blobs for ALL channels in a
-# single roundtrip via `channel = ANY(%s)` and chain/seed-version
-# filtering.
-#
-# Empirical comparison vs an alternative "ship full channel_versions /
-# channel_values JSONB and let Python pick" form (1000 checkpoints,
-# 8 total channels in graph, 3 delta channels requested):
-#
-#   Postgres execution:    A=0.24ms vs B=0.38ms   (both negligible)
-#   End-to-end latency:    A=6.83ms vs B=2.28ms   (B is 3.0x faster)
-#   Wire payload:          A=836KB  vs B=330KB    (61% smaller)
-#   Buffer hits:           identical (167 blocks)
-#
-# B (this dynamic-columns design) wins because it avoids JSONB
-# serialization on the wire and JSONB-to-dict deserialization in
-# psycopg.  Even at K=8 (8 delta channels = 16 dynamic columns), B
-# still beats A end-to-end (4.2ms vs 6.8ms).
 
 
 def _build_delta_stage1_sql(channels: Sequence[str], *, paged: bool) -> str:
@@ -320,7 +297,7 @@ def _build_delta_stage2_sql(
         branches.append(
             "SELECT 'w'::text AS _kind, "
             "checkpoint_id, channel, "
-            "type, blob, task_id, task_path, idx, NULL::text AS version "
+            "type, blob, task_id, idx, NULL::text AS version "
             "FROM checkpoint_writes "
             "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s "
             "AND checkpoint_id = ANY(%s)"
@@ -328,8 +305,7 @@ def _build_delta_stage2_sql(
     for _ in channels_with_seed:
         branches.append(
             "SELECT 'b'::text AS _kind, NULL::text AS checkpoint_id, channel, "
-            "type, blob, NULL::text AS task_id, NULL::text AS task_path, "
+            "type, blob, NULL::text AS task_id, NULL::int AS idx, version "
-            "NULL::int AS idx, version "
             "FROM checkpoint_blobs "
             "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s "
             "AND version = %s"
@@ -337,10 +313,8 @@ def _build_delta_stage2_sql(
     return " UNION ALL ".join(branches)
 
 
-# Stage 1 rows are dynamic-shape dicts: {checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id,
+# Stage 1 rows are dicts keyed by the per-channel aliases
-# ver_0, hs_0, ver_1, hs_1, ...}.  Walking is parameterized by the channel
+# `_build_delta_stage1_sql` emits, so there is no static TypedDict.
-# list to map indices back to channel names — no static TypedDict here.
-# `dict[str, Any]` is the practical signature.
 
 
 class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
@@ -433,9 +407,11 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
           (a) it found a stored value for its channel — a blob or an inline
               primitive (channel becomes seeded),
           (b) it reached a real root (parent_of[cid] is None — fully
-              materialized at this point), or
+              materialized at this point),
           (c) the next ancestor cid isn't in `parent_of` yet (waiting for
-              a later page; the cursor stays put).
+              a later page; the cursor stays put), or
+          (d) the target's own row isn't in `parent_of` yet (the walk has
+              not started; no cursor is set, so a later page retries).
 
         Mutates `chain_by_ch`, `seed_ver_by_ch`, `seed_inline_by_ch`,
         `walk_cursor_by_ch`, and `seeded` in place.
@@ -443,9 +419,12 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
         for i, ch in enumerate(channels):
             if ch in seeded:
                 continue
-            # First-time entry: cursor starts at the target's parent.
+            # Pages start at the thread head, so the target may not have
+            # loaded yet; a `None` cursor would read as "target is a root".
             if ch not in walk_cursor_by_ch:
-                walk_cursor_by_ch[ch] = parent_of.get(target_id)
+                if target_id not in parent_of:
+                    continue
+                walk_cursor_by_ch[ch] = parent_of[target_id]
             cur_cid = walk_cursor_by_ch[ch]
             ch_chain = chain_by_ch[ch]
             hb_i = hb_by_i_by_cid[i]
@@ -494,11 +473,10 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
         stored value, or when the seed blob is sentinel "empty" — in both cases
         the consumer treats absence as "start empty".
         """
-        # writes_by_ch_by_cid[channel][cid] = list of
+        # writes_by_ch_by_cid[channel][cid] = list of (type, blob, task_id, idx)
-        # (type, blob, task_id, idx, task_path)
+        writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int]]]] = {
-        writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[
+            ch: {} for ch in channels
-            str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int, str]]]
+        }
-        ] = {ch: {} for ch in channels}
         # seed_blob_by_ver[(channel, version)] = (type, blob)
         seed_blob_by_ver: dict[tuple[str, str], tuple[str, bytes]] = {}
 
@@ -509,14 +487,8 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                 cid = cast(str, r["checkpoint_id"])
                 writes_by_ch_by_cid.setdefault(ch, {}).setdefault(cid, []).append(
                     cast(
-                        "tuple[str, bytes, str, int, str]",
+                        "tuple[str, bytes, str, int]",
-                        (
+                        (r["type"], r["blob"], r["task_id"], r["idx"]),
-                            r["type"],
-                            r["blob"],
-                            r["task_id"],
-                            r["idx"],
-                            r["task_path"],
-                        ),
                     )
                 )
             else:  # kind == "b"
@@ -525,10 +497,10 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                     "tuple[str, bytes]", (r["type"], r["blob"])
                 )
 
-        # Sort writes per (channel, cid) newest-first by (task_path, task_id, idx)
+        # Sort writes per (channel, cid) newest-first by (task_id, idx)
         for cid_map in writes_by_ch_by_cid.values():
             for ws in cid_map.values():
-                ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[4], w[2], w[3]), reverse=True)
+                ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[2], w[3]), reverse=True)
 
         result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
         for ch in channels:
@@ -538,9 +510,7 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             collected: list[PendingWrite] = []
             cid_writes = writes_by_ch_by_cid.get(ch, {})
             for cid in chain_cids:
-                for type_tag, write_blob, task_id, _idx, _path in cid_writes.get(
+                for type_tag, write_blob, task_id, _idx in cid_writes.get(cid, []):
-                    cid, []
-                ):
                     val = self.serde.loads_typed((type_tag, write_blob))
                     collected.append((task_id, ch, val))
             collected.reverse()

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/test_delta_pagination.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+import pytest
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    Checkpoint,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE
+from tests.conftest import DEFAULT_URI
+
+CHANNEL = "items"
+STEPS = 8
+SEED_STEP = 1
+SEED_VALUE = [10, 20]
+TARGET_STEP = 4
+
+# The real page size is the control; the rest leave the target off the first
+# page (three checkpoints are newer than it).
+PAGE_SIZES = [_DELTA_PAGE_SIZE, 3, 2, 1]
+
+
+def _step_args(
+    thread_id: str, step: int, parent: dict | None
+) -> tuple[dict, Checkpoint, dict[str, Any]]:
+    config: dict = {"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id, "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+    if parent is not None:
+        config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"] = parent["configurable"][
+            "checkpoint_id"
+        ]
+    checkpoint: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+    checkpoint["id"] = str(uuid6(clock_seq=step))
+    checkpoint["channel_versions"][CHANNEL] = f"v{step}"
+    if step == SEED_STEP:
+        checkpoint["channel_values"][CHANNEL] = _DeltaSnapshot(list(SEED_VALUE))
+        return config, checkpoint, {CHANNEL: f"v{step}"}
+    return config, checkpoint, {}
+
+
+async def _abuild_chain(saver: AsyncPostgresSaver) -> list[dict]:
+    thread_id = str(uuid4())
+    parent: dict | None = None
+    configs: list[dict] = []
+    for step in range(STEPS):
+        config, checkpoint, new_versions = _step_args(thread_id, step, parent)
+        parent = await saver.aput(
+            config,
+            checkpoint,
+            {"source": "loop", "step": step, "parents": {}},
+            new_versions,
+        )
+        await saver.aput_writes(parent, [(CHANNEL, f"w{step}")], str(uuid4()))
+        configs.append(parent)
+    return configs
+
+
+def _build_chain(saver: PostgresSaver) -> list[dict]:
+    thread_id = str(uuid4())
+    parent: dict | None = None
+    configs: list[dict] = []
+    for step in range(STEPS):
+        config, checkpoint, new_versions = _step_args(thread_id, step, parent)
+        parent = saver.put(
+            config,
+            checkpoint,
+            {"source": "loop", "step": step, "parents": {}},
+            new_versions,
+        )
+        saver.put_writes(parent, [(CHANNEL, f"w{step}")], str(uuid4()))
+        configs.append(parent)
+    return configs
+
+
+def _assert_history(entry: DeltaChannelHistory, page_size: int) -> None:
+    seed = entry.get("seed")
+    assert isinstance(seed, _DeltaSnapshot), (
+        f"page_size={page_size}: expected a snapshot seed, "
+        f"got {entry.get('seed', '<missing>')!r}"
+    )
+    assert seed.value == SEED_VALUE
+    assert [w[2] for w in entry["writes"]] == ["w1", "w2", "w3"], (
+        f"page_size={page_size}: got {[w[2] for w in entry['writes']]}"
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("page_size", PAGE_SIZES)
+async def test_async_target_older_than_the_first_page(
+    page_size: int, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio._DELTA_PAGE_SIZE", page_size)
+    async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+        await saver.setup()
+        configs = await _abuild_chain(saver)
+        result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(
+            config=configs[TARGET_STEP], channels=[CHANNEL]
+        )
+        _assert_history(result[CHANNEL], page_size)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("page_size", PAGE_SIZES)
+def test_sync_target_older_than_the_first_page(
+    page_size: int, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("langgraph.checkpoint.postgres._DELTA_PAGE_SIZE", page_size)
+    with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+        saver.setup()
+        configs = _build_chain(saver)
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(
+            config=configs[TARGET_STEP], channels=[CHANNEL]
+        )
+        _assert_history(result[CHANNEL], page_size)
+
+
+async def test_root_target_has_no_history_and_still_terminates(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr("langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio._DELTA_PAGE_SIZE", 1)
+    async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+        await saver.setup()
+        configs = await _abuild_chain(saver)
+        result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(
+            config=configs[0], channels=[CHANNEL]
+        )
+        assert result[CHANNEL] == {"writes": []}

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/__init__.py

@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
     conn: sqlite3.Connection
     is_setup: bool
-    _has_task_path: bool = True
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -155,7 +154,6 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                 checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
                 checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                 task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
                 idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
                 channel TEXT NOT NULL,
                 type TEXT,
@@ -164,19 +162,6 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             );
             """
         )
-        # sqlite has no ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS; this migrates databases
-        # created before `task_path` existed and is a no-op on the rest.
-        try:
-            self.conn.execute(
-                "ALTER TABLE writes ADD COLUMN task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"
-            )
-        except sqlite3.OperationalError as e:
-            # A read-only database from before the column can still be read;
-            # its rows would all read back as '' anyway.
-            if "readonly database" in str(e):
-                self._has_task_path = False
-            elif "duplicate column name" not in str(e):
-                raise
 
         self.is_setup = True
 
@@ -475,9 +460,9 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             task_path: Path of the task creating the writes.
         """
         query = (
-            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
+            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
             if all(w[0] in WRITES_IDX_MAP for w in writes)
-            else "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
+            else "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
         )
         with self.cursor() as cur:
             cur.executemany(
@@ -488,7 +473,6 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                         str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]),
                         str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                         task_id,
-                        task_path,
                         WRITES_IDX_MAP.get(channel, idx),
                         channel,
                         *self.serde.dumps_typed(value),
@@ -523,13 +507,12 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
         Two-stage query:
 
-        * Stage 1 (paged): newest-first slice of `checkpoints` returning
+        * Stage 1 (streamed): recursive CTE over `checkpoints` following
-          `(checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint)` per
+          `parent_checkpoint_id` from the target, returning
-          ancestor. Sqlite has no JSONB, so we ship the full serialized
+          `(checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint)` per ancestor. Sqlite has no
-          checkpoint blob and inspect `channel_values` in Python. Pages
+          JSONB, so we ship the full serialized checkpoint blob and inspect
-          newest-first by `checkpoint_id` with a `< cursor` predicate;
+          `channel_values` in Python. Stops reading when every channel has
-          page size is `DELTA_PAGE_SIZE`. Stops paging when every channel
+          found its seed or the chain is exhausted.
-          has found its seed or the chain is exhausted.
 
         * Stage 2 (per-channel UNION ALL): one branch per channel reading
           `writes` filtered to that channel's specific `chain_cids`. No
@@ -554,12 +537,14 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
         seeded: set[str] = set()
 
         with self.cursor(transaction=False) as cur:
-            cur.execute(DELTA_STAGE1_SQL, (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id))
+            cur.execute(
+                DELTA_STAGE1_SQL,
+                (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, thread_id, checkpoint_ns),
+            )
             for row in cur:
-                cid, parent_cid, type_tag, blob = row
+                cid, type_tag, blob = row
                 if step_walk_with_row(
                     cid=cid,
-                    parent_cid=parent_cid,
                     type_tag=type_tag,
                     blob=blob,
                     target_id=checkpoint_id,
@@ -574,7 +559,6 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
             channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
             stage2_sql = build_delta_stage2_sql(
-                has_task_path=self._has_task_path,
                 chain_lens=[len(chain_by_ch[ch]) for ch in channels_with_chain],
             )
             if stage2_sql:
@@ -585,7 +569,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                     )
                 cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
                 stage2_rows = cast(
-                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes, str]]", cur.fetchall()
+                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]]", cur.fetchall()
                 )
             else:
                 stage2_rows = []

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/_delta.py

@@ -26,22 +26,37 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DeltaChannelHistory, PendingWrite
 
-# Stage 1 streams ancestors of `target_cid` newest-first. The `<=`
+# Stage 1 streams target, then its ancestors nearest-first, by following
-# predicate keeps target itself in the stream so we can read its
+# `parent_checkpoint_id` rather than id order: ids are only monotonic within
-# `parent_checkpoint_id` from the first row without a separate lookup;
+# one process, so a range scan by id can miss a parent whose id sorts above
-# the caller skips target's own writes/seed (matches the
+# its child's. Target is the anchor row; its own writes/seed are skipped
-# `BaseCheckpointSaver` contract).
+# (matches the `BaseCheckpointSaver` contract).
+#
+# `put` is `INSERT OR REPLACE`, so re-putting an existing id under a
+# descendant's config makes the chain a loop. `step_walk_with_row` stops on a
+# repeated id; sqlite yields recursive rows lazily, so abandoning the cursor
+# ends the recursion.
+#
+# `CROSS JOIN` pins `ancestors` as the outer loop, so each step is one primary
+# key lookup. With a plain `JOIN` and no `ANALYZE` stats, sqlite can put
+# `checkpoints` outside and scan the whole thread per step.
 DELTA_STAGE1_SQL = (
+    "WITH RECURSIVE ancestors(checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, "
+    "checkpoint) AS ("
     "SELECT checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint "
     "FROM checkpoints "
-    "WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id <= ? "
+    "WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id = ? "
-    "ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"
+    "UNION ALL "
+    "SELECT c.checkpoint_id, c.parent_checkpoint_id, c.type, c.checkpoint "
+    "FROM ancestors a CROSS JOIN checkpoints c "
+    "ON c.checkpoint_id = a.parent_checkpoint_id "
+    "WHERE c.thread_id = ? AND c.checkpoint_ns = ?"
+    ") "
+    "SELECT checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint FROM ancestors"
 )
 
 
-def build_delta_stage2_sql(
+def build_delta_stage2_sql(*, chain_lens: Sequence[int]) -> str:
-    *, chain_lens: Sequence[int], has_task_path: bool = True
-) -> str:
     """Stage-2 per-channel UNION ALL fetching writes from `writes`.
 
     One branch per channel with a non-empty chain. Each branch inlines its
@@ -55,12 +70,11 @@ def build_delta_stage2_sql(
     of a single `channel = ANY(channels)` filter when channels have
     different chain depths — same rationale as postgres.
     """
-    task_path = "task_path" if has_task_path else "''"
     branches: list[str] = []
     for n in chain_lens:
         cid_placeholders = ",".join("?" * n)
         branches.append(
-            f"SELECT checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value, {task_path} "
+            "SELECT checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value "
             "FROM writes "
             "WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND channel = ? "
             f"AND checkpoint_id IN ({cid_placeholders})"
@@ -71,7 +85,6 @@ def build_delta_stage2_sql(
 def step_walk_with_row(
     *,
     cid: str,
-    parent_cid: str | None,
     type_tag: str,
     blob: bytes,
     target_id: str,
@@ -84,36 +97,32 @@ def step_walk_with_row(
 ) -> bool:
     """Process one streamed stage-1 row in the merged ancestor walk.
 
-    The cursor returns (cid, parent_cid, type, blob) rows in
+    The cursor returns (cid, type, blob) rows in walk order starting at
-    `checkpoint_id` DESC order starting at target. The first row is
+    target. The first row is target itself and is skipped (target's own
-    target itself; we read its parent_cid to seed the walk and otherwise
+    writes/seed are not part of the contract).
-    skip it (target's own writes/seed are not part of the contract).
 
-    For each subsequent row, if `cid` matches the walk's current
+    For each subsequent row we deserialize the blob, append the cid to
-    position, we deserialize the blob, append the cid to every
+    every not-yet-seeded channel's chain, and check `channel_values` for
-    not-yet-seeded channel's chain, and check `channel_values` for
     seeds. The deserialized checkpoint is dropped before advancing — no
     cross-row cache, so peak in-flight is one deserialized checkpoint.
 
-    Off-path rows (different branch on the same thread) advance the
+    Returns True when the caller can stop iterating and close the cursor:
-    cursor without doing any work.
+    every requested channel is seeded, or the chain revisited a checkpoint.
-
-    Returns True when every requested channel is seeded — the caller
-    can stop iterating and close the cursor.
     """
     if "started" not in walk_state:
         if cid == target_id:
             walk_state["started"] = True
-            walk_state["cur_cid"] = parent_cid
             walk_state["active"] = {ch for ch in channels if ch not in seeded}
+            walk_state["walked"] = {cid}
         # Not target yet (or target not present): keep streaming.
         return False
     active: set[str] = walk_state["active"]
     if not active:
         return True
-    if cid != walk_state["cur_cid"]:
+    walked: set[str] = walk_state["walked"]
-        # Off-path row from a sibling branch — skip without deserializing.
+    if cid in walked:
-        return False
+        return True
+    walked.add(cid)
     for ch in active:
         chain_by_ch[ch].append(cid)
     ckpt = serde.loads_typed((type_tag, blob))
@@ -123,7 +132,6 @@ def step_walk_with_row(
         seeded.add(ch)
         active.discard(ch)
     del ckpt, channel_values
-    walk_state["cur_cid"] = parent_cid
     return not active
 
 
@@ -133,31 +141,29 @@ def build_delta_channels_writes_history(
     chain_by_ch: Mapping[str, list[str]],
     seed_val_by_ch: Mapping[str, Any],
     seeded: set[str],
-    stage2_rows: Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes, str]],
+    stage2_rows: Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]],
     serde: Any,
 ) -> dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
     """Demux stage-2 rows per channel; produce per-channel histories.
 
-    Stage-2 rows are
+    Stage-2 rows are `(checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value)`.
-    `(checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value, task_path)`.
+    Final write order is oldest→newest globally and `(task_id, idx)` within
-    Final write order is oldest→newest globally and
+    a checkpoint, matching the contract on `DeltaChannelHistory.writes`.
-    `(task_path, task_id, idx)` within a checkpoint, matching the contract
-    on `DeltaChannelHistory.writes`.
 
     `seed` is omitted when the walk reached a true root with no snapshot
     found (channel never entered `seeded`); consumers treat absence as
     "start empty".
     """
-    writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[
+    writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int]]]] = {
-        str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int, str]]]
+        ch: {} for ch in channels
-    ] = {ch: {} for ch in channels}
+    }
-    for cid, ch, task_id, idx, type_tag, value_blob, task_path in stage2_rows:
+    for cid, ch, task_id, idx, type_tag, value_blob in stage2_rows:
         writes_by_ch_by_cid.setdefault(ch, {}).setdefault(cid, []).append(
-            (type_tag, value_blob, task_id, idx, task_path)
+            (type_tag, value_blob, task_id, idx)
         )
     for cid_map in writes_by_ch_by_cid.values():
         for ws in cid_map.values():
-            ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[4], w[2], w[3]))
+            ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[2], w[3]))
 
     result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
     for ch in channels:
@@ -166,7 +172,7 @@ def build_delta_channels_writes_history(
         collected: list[PendingWrite] = []
         # Chain is newest-first; iterate oldest-first for the public order.
         for cid in reversed(chain_cids):
-            for type_tag, value_blob, task_id, _idx, _path in cid_writes.get(cid, []):
+            for type_tag, value_blob, task_id, _idx in cid_writes.get(cid, []):
                 collected.append(
                     (task_id, ch, serde.loads_typed((type_tag, value_blob)))
                 )

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/aio.py

@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
     lock: asyncio.Lock
     is_setup: bool
-    _has_task_path: bool = True
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -332,7 +331,6 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                     checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
                     checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                     task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                    task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
                     idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
                     channel TEXT NOT NULL,
                     type TEXT,
@@ -343,21 +341,6 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             ):
                 await self.conn.commit()
 
-            # sqlite has no ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS; this migrates databases
-            # created before `task_path` existed and is a no-op on the rest.
-            try:
-                await self.conn.execute(
-                    "ALTER TABLE writes ADD COLUMN task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"
-                )
-                await self.conn.commit()
-            except aiosqlite.OperationalError as e:
-                # A read-only database from before the column can still be read;
-                # its rows would all read back as '' anyway.
-                if "readonly database" in str(e):
-                    self._has_task_path = False
-                elif "duplicate column name" not in str(e):
-                    raise
-
             self.is_setup = True
 
     async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
@@ -593,9 +576,9 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             task_path: Path of the task creating the writes.
         """
         query = (
-            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
+            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
             if all(w[0] in WRITES_IDX_MAP for w in writes)
-            else "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
+            else "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"
         )
         await self.setup()
         async with self.lock, self.conn.cursor() as cur:
@@ -607,7 +590,6 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                         str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]),
                         str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                         task_id,
-                        task_path,
                         WRITES_IDX_MAP.get(channel, idx),
                         channel,
                         *self.serde.dumps_typed(value),
@@ -643,8 +625,8 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
         """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver.aget_delta_channel_history`.
 
         See `SqliteSaver.get_delta_channel_history` for design notes; this
-        is the async equivalent using `aiosqlite` cursors. Stage 1 pages
+        is the async equivalent using `aiosqlite` cursors. Stage 1 streams
-        the parent chain newest-first and Python-deserializes each
+        the parent chain from the target and Python-deserializes each
         checkpoint blob to find per-channel snapshots; stage 2 fetches
         only the relevant writes via per-channel UNION ALL.
         """
@@ -668,13 +650,13 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
         async with self.lock, self.conn.cursor() as cur:
             await cur.execute(
-                DELTA_STAGE1_SQL, (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+                DELTA_STAGE1_SQL,
+                (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, thread_id, checkpoint_ns),
             )
             async for row in cur:
-                cid, parent_cid, type_tag, blob = row
+                cid, type_tag, blob = row
                 if step_walk_with_row(
                     cid=cid,
-                    parent_cid=parent_cid,
                     type_tag=type_tag,
                     blob=blob,
                     target_id=checkpoint_id,
@@ -689,7 +671,6 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
             channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
             stage2_sql = build_delta_stage2_sql(
-                has_task_path=self._has_task_path,
                 chain_lens=[len(chain_by_ch[ch]) for ch in channels_with_chain],
             )
             if stage2_sql:
@@ -700,7 +681,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                     )
                 await cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
                 stage2_rows = cast(
-                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes, str]]",
+                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]]",
                     await cur.fetchall(),
                 )
             else:

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_delta_parent_walk.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    Checkpoint,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite._delta import DELTA_STAGE1_SQL
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
+
+CHANNEL = "ch"
+CONFIG: dict[str, Any] = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+EXPECTED: DeltaChannelHistory = {
+    "writes": [("task", CHANNEL, "write-root")],
+    "seed": "seed",
+}
+
+
+def _checkpoint(checkpoint_id: str, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Checkpoint:
+    value = empty_checkpoint()
+    value["id"] = checkpoint_id
+    value["channel_values"] = values
+    return value
+
+
+PARENT_ID_ORDERS = [
+    pytest.param("z-older", "a-newer", id="parent_id_sorts_above_child"),
+    pytest.param("a-older", "z-newer", id="parent_id_sorts_below_child"),
+]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(("root_id", "child_id"), PARENT_ID_ORDERS)
+def test_sync_walk_reaches_parent_whatever_the_id_order(
+    root_id: str, child_id: str
+) -> None:
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        root = saver.put(CONFIG, _checkpoint(root_id, {CHANNEL: "seed"}), {}, {})
+        saver.put_writes(root, [(CHANNEL, "write-root")], "task")
+        child = saver.put(root, _checkpoint(child_id, {}), {}, {})
+
+        got = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=child, channels=[CHANNEL])
+        reference = BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history(
+            saver, config=child, channels=[CHANNEL]
+        )
+        assert got[CHANNEL] == EXPECTED
+        assert got[CHANNEL] == reference[CHANNEL], "fast path disagrees with base"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(("root_id", "child_id"), PARENT_ID_ORDERS)
+async def test_async_walk_reaches_parent_whatever_the_id_order(
+    root_id: str, child_id: str
+) -> None:
+    async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        root = await saver.aput(CONFIG, _checkpoint(root_id, {CHANNEL: "seed"}), {}, {})
+        await saver.aput_writes(root, [(CHANNEL, "write-root")], "task")
+        child = await saver.aput(root, _checkpoint(child_id, {}), {}, {})
+
+        got = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=child, channels=[CHANNEL])
+        assert got[CHANNEL] == EXPECTED
+
+
+def test_walk_reaches_root_of_long_chain_with_descending_ids() -> None:
+    steps = 40
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        parent = saver.put(
+            CONFIG, _checkpoint(f"id-{steps:03d}", {CHANNEL: "seed"}), {}, {}
+        )
+        saver.put_writes(parent, [(CHANNEL, "write-root")], "task")
+        for step in range(steps - 1, 0, -1):
+            parent = saver.put(parent, _checkpoint(f"id-{step:03d}", {}), {}, {})
+
+        got = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=parent, channels=[CHANNEL])
+        assert got[CHANNEL] == EXPECTED
+
+
+def test_walk_terminates_when_put_makes_the_parent_chain_cycle() -> None:
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        a = saver.put(CONFIG, _checkpoint("cid-a", {}), {}, {})
+        b = saver.put(a, _checkpoint("cid-b", {}), {}, {})
+        repoint_a_under_b = _checkpoint("cid-a", {})
+        saver.put(b, repoint_a_under_b, {}, {})
+
+        got = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=b, channels=[CHANNEL])
+        assert got[CHANNEL] == {"writes": []}
+
+
+def test_walk_step_looks_up_the_parent_by_primary_key() -> None:
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        saver.setup()
+        plan = [
+            row[3]
+            for row in saver.conn.execute(
+                f"EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN {DELTA_STAGE1_SQL}", ("t", "", "id", "t", "")
+            )
+        ]
+    assert any(
+        step.startswith("SEARCH c ") and "checkpoint_id=?" in step for step in plan
+    ), f"recursive step should look up the parent by key, got {plan}"

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_writes_task_path_migration.py

@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-import sqlite3
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import aiosqlite
-import pytest
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import empty_checkpoint
-
-from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
-
-WRITES_BEFORE_TASK_PATH = """
-CREATE TABLE writes (
-    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
-    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
-    channel TEXT NOT NULL,
-    type TEXT,
-    value BLOB,
-    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx)
-);
-INSERT INTO writes VALUES ('t', '', 'c', 'old-task', 0, 'ch', 'null', X'');
-"""
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def legacy_db(tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
-    db = tmp_path / "legacy.sqlite"
-    with sqlite3.connect(db) as conn:
-        conn.executescript(WRITES_BEFORE_TASK_PATH)
-    return db
-
-
-def test_setup_migrates_legacy_writes_table_repeatably(legacy_db: Path) -> None:
-    for _ in range(2):
-        with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(str(legacy_db)) as saver:
-            saver.setup()
-            rows = saver.conn.execute(
-                "SELECT task_id, task_path FROM writes"
-            ).fetchall()
-            assert rows == [("old-task", "")]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("fresh", [True, False], ids=["fresh", "legacy"])
-def test_put_writes_persists_task_path(
-    tmp_path: Path, legacy_db: Path, fresh: bool
-) -> None:
-    db = tmp_path / "fresh.sqlite" if fresh else legacy_db
-    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(str(db)) as saver:
-        config = saver.put(
-            {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t", "checkpoint_ns": ""}},
-            empty_checkpoint(),
-            {},
-            {},
-        )
-        saver.put_writes(config, [("ch", "v")], "task-1", "~__pregel_pull, node")
-        stored = saver.conn.execute(
-            "SELECT task_path FROM writes WHERE task_id = 'task-1'"
-        ).fetchall()
-    assert stored == [("~__pregel_pull, node",)]
-
-
-async def test_async_setup_migrates_legacy_writes_table_repeatably(
-    legacy_db: Path,
-) -> None:
-    for _ in range(2):
-        async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(str(legacy_db)) as saver:
-            await saver.setup()
-            config = await saver.aput(
-                {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t", "checkpoint_ns": ""}},
-                empty_checkpoint(),
-                {},
-                {},
-            )
-            await saver.aput_writes(
-                config, [("ch", "v")], "task-1", "~__pregel_pull, node"
-            )
-
-    async with aiosqlite.connect(legacy_db) as conn:
-        async with conn.execute(
-            "SELECT DISTINCT task_id, task_path FROM writes ORDER BY task_id"
-        ) as cur:
-            assert await cur.fetchall() == [
-                ("old-task", ""),
-                ("task-1", "~__pregel_pull, node"),
-            ]
-
-
-def _legacy_database_with_history(db: Path) -> dict:
-    root = empty_checkpoint()
-    root["channel_values"] = {"ch": "seed"}
-    root["channel_versions"] = {"ch": 1}
-    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(str(db)) as saver:
-        root_config = saver.put(
-            {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t", "checkpoint_ns": ""}},
-            root,
-            {},
-            {"ch": 1},
-        )
-        saver.put_writes(root_config, [("ch", "write")], "task", "~__pregel_pull, n")
-        child = saver.put(root_config, empty_checkpoint(), {}, {})
-        saver.conn.execute("ALTER TABLE writes DROP COLUMN task_path")
-        saver.conn.commit()
-    return child
-
-
-def test_read_only_legacy_database_still_reads_delta_history(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    db = tmp_path / "legacy.sqlite"
-    child = _legacy_database_with_history(db)
-
-    saver = SqliteSaver(sqlite3.connect(f"file:{db}?mode=ro", uri=True))
-    got = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=child, channels=["ch"])
-
-    assert got["ch"] == {"seed": "seed", "writes": [("task", "ch", "write")]}
-
-
-async def test_async_read_only_legacy_database_still_reads_delta_history(
-    tmp_path: Path,
-) -> None:
-    db = tmp_path / "legacy.sqlite"
-    child = _legacy_database_with_history(db)
-
-    async with aiosqlite.connect(f"file:{db}?mode=ro", uri=True) as conn:
-        saver = AsyncSqliteSaver(conn)
-        got = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=child, channels=["ch"])
-
-    assert got["ch"] == {"seed": "seed", "writes": [("task", "ch", "write")]}

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/base/__init__.py

@@ -162,14 +162,6 @@ class DeltaChannelHistory(TypedDict):
       Always present; possibly empty. Already filtered to one channel.
       Writes stored at the target checkpoint itself are pending for the
       next super-step and are excluded.
-
-      Within a single checkpoint, writes are ordered by
-      `(task_path, task_id, idx)`, which is the order live execution applies
-      a super-step's task writes in. `task_id` is a hash of the path, so
-      ordering by it permutes parallel tasks writing one channel, and
-      reducers need not be order-invariant. Writes stored without a
-      `task_path` (graph input, `update_state` updates, exit-durability runs,
-      rows predating the column) sort first, by `task_id`.
     * `seed` — the stored value at the nearest ancestor whose
       `channel_values[ch]` is populated. Omitted if the walk reached the
       root without finding any stored value (consumer treats absence as
@@ -619,11 +611,6 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
         `PostgresSaver`) override for performance; the return contract is
         fixed here.
 
-        `PendingWrite` carries no `task_path`, so this default replays each
-        checkpoint's writes in `get_tuple`'s `pending_writes` order. Savers
-        that do not return `pending_writes` ordered by
-        `(task_path, task_id, idx)` must override it.
-
         Args:
             config: Configuration identifying the target checkpoint.
             channels: Channel names to walk for. Empty → empty mapping.

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/memory/__init__.py

@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ class InMemorySaver(
                     terminated_here.add(ch)
 
             step_writes = self.writes.get((thread_id, checkpoint_ns, cp_id), {})
-            for _, (tid, ch, serialized, _) in sorted(
+            for (_task_id, _idx), (tid, ch, serialized, _) in sorted(
-                step_writes.items(), key=lambda kv: (kv[1][3], kv[0]), reverse=True
+                step_writes.items(), reverse=True
             ):
                 if ch not in remaining:
                     continue

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/main.py

@@ -1950,7 +1950,7 @@ class Pregel(
             run_tasks: list[PregelTaskWrites] = []
             run_task_ids: list[str] = []
 
-            for as_node, values, provided_task_id in valid_updates:
+            for i, (as_node, values, provided_task_id) in enumerate(valid_updates):
                 # create task to run all writers of the chosen node
                 writers = self.nodes[as_node].flat_writers
                 if not writers:
@@ -1964,7 +1964,7 @@ class Pregel(
                 task_id = provided_task_id or (
                     prepared_task_ids.popleft()
                     if prepared_task_ids
-                    else str(uuid5(UUID(checkpoint["id"]), INTERRUPT))
+                    else _update_task_id(checkpoint["id"], i)
                 )
                 run_tasks.append(task)
                 run_task_ids.append(task_id)
@@ -2410,7 +2410,7 @@ class Pregel(
             run_tasks: list[PregelTaskWrites] = []
             run_task_ids: list[str] = []
 
-            for as_node, values, provided_task_id in valid_updates:
+            for i, (as_node, values, provided_task_id) in enumerate(valid_updates):
                 # create task to run all writers of the chosen node
                 writers = self.nodes[as_node].flat_writers
                 if not writers:
@@ -2424,7 +2424,7 @@ class Pregel(
                 task_id = provided_task_id or (
                     prepared_task_ids.popleft()
                     if prepared_task_ids
-                    else str(uuid5(UUID(checkpoint["id"]), INTERRUPT))
+                    else _update_task_id(checkpoint["id"], i)
                 )
                 run_tasks.append(task)
                 run_task_ids.append(task_id)
@@ -4172,6 +4172,16 @@ class Pregel(
         await self.cache.aclear(namespaces)
 
 
+def _update_task_id(checkpoint_id: str, i: int) -> str:
+    """Task id for the `i`th update of a superstep that has no task to reuse.
+
+    Savers keep one write per `(task_id, idx)`, so updates sharing an id lose
+    all but the first one's writes, which a `DeltaChannel` replays from. The
+    first update keeps the id a lone update has always had.
+    """
+    return str(uuid5(UUID(checkpoint_id), INTERRUPT if i == 0 else f"{INTERRUPT}:{i}"))
+
+
 def _trigger_to_nodes(nodes: dict[str, PregelNode]) -> Mapping[str, Sequence[str]]:
     """Index from a trigger to nodes that depend on it."""
     trigger_to_nodes: defaultdict[str, list[str]] = defaultdict(list)

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_parallel_order.py

@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-"""`DeltaChannel` replay must apply parallel writes in the order `invoke` did."""
-
-from typing import Annotated, Any
-
-import pytest
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import BaseCheckpointSaver
-from typing_extensions import TypedDict
-
-from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
-from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph
-from langgraph.types import Send
-
-pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
-
-# Sorted, because live execution applies PULL tasks in node-name order.
-FAN_OUT_NAMES = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]
-SEND_ARGS = [f"send-{i:02d}" for i in range(12)]
-
-
-def _append_reducer(current: list, updates: list) -> list:
-    return [*current, *(x for u in updates for x in u)]
-
-
-def _build_fan_out_graph(checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver) -> Any:
-    class State(TypedDict):
-        items: Annotated[
-            list, DeltaChannel(_append_reducer, list, snapshot_frequency=10_000)
-        ]
-
-    def make_node(label: str) -> Any:
-        return lambda state: {"items": [label]}
-
-    builder = StateGraph(State)
-    for name in FAN_OUT_NAMES:
-        builder.add_node(name, make_node(name))
-        builder.add_edge(START, name)
-        builder.add_edge(name, END)
-    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
-
-
-def _build_send_fan_out_graph(checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver) -> Any:
-    class State(TypedDict):
-        items: Annotated[
-            list, DeltaChannel(_append_reducer, list, snapshot_frequency=10_000)
-        ]
-
-    builder = StateGraph(State)
-    builder.add_node("worker", lambda arg: {"items": [arg]})
-    builder.add_conditional_edges(
-        START, lambda state: [Send("worker", n) for n in SEND_ARGS]
-    )
-    builder.add_edge("worker", END)
-    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
-
-
-async def test_get_state_matches_live_send_order(
-    async_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    graph = _build_send_fan_out_graph(async_checkpointer)
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-
-    live = (await graph.ainvoke({"items": []}, config))["items"]
-    replayed = (await graph.aget_state(config)).values["items"]
-
-    assert live == SEND_ARGS
-    assert replayed == live
-
-
-async def test_get_state_matches_live_invoke_order(
-    async_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    graph = _build_fan_out_graph(async_checkpointer)
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-
-    live = (await graph.ainvoke({"items": []}, config))["items"]
-    replayed = (await graph.aget_state(config)).values["items"]
-
-    assert live == FAN_OUT_NAMES
-    assert replayed == live
-
-
-async def test_continuing_thread_preserves_committed_prefix(
-    async_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    graph = _build_fan_out_graph(async_checkpointer)
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-
-    first = (await graph.ainvoke({"items": []}, config))["items"]
-    second = (await graph.ainvoke({"items": []}, config))["items"]
-
-    assert second == first + first
-    assert (await graph.aget_state(config)).values["items"] == second
-
-
-async def test_state_history_reports_live_order_at_every_step(
-    async_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
-) -> None:
-    runs = 3
-    graph = _build_fan_out_graph(async_checkpointer)
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-    for _ in range(runs):
-        await graph.ainvoke({"items": []}, config)
-    live = FAN_OUT_NAMES * runs
-
-    seen = [
-        s.values["items"]
-        async for s in graph.aget_state_history(config)
-        if "items" in s.values
-    ]
-
-    assert max(map(len, seen)) == len(live)
-    for values in seen:
-        assert values == live[: len(values)], f"{values} is not a prefix of {live}"

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_update_state.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from typing import Annotated, Any
 
 import pytest
 from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import BaseCheckpointSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
@@ -27,16 +28,17 @@ from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
 from langgraph.graph import START, StateGraph
 from langgraph.graph.message import _messages_delta_reducer
-from langgraph.types import StateUpdate
+from langgraph.types import StateSnapshot, StateUpdate
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
 
 
 def _build_graph(
-    checkpointer: InMemorySaver,
+    checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
     *,
     two_nodes: bool = False,
     snapshot_frequency: int = 1000,
+    interrupt_before: list[str] | None = None,
 ) -> Any:
     """Compile a minimal DeltaChannel-backed `messages` graph.
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ def _build_graph(
         builder.set_finish_point("assistant")
     else:
         builder.set_finish_point("model")
-    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer, interrupt_before=interrupt_before)
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -273,10 +275,6 @@ def test_bulk_update_state_multi_task_per_superstep_delta_channel() -> None:
     that each call `put_writes`. Guards the regression where moving
     `put_writes` outside the per-task loop would persist only the last
     task's writes.
-
-    Explicit `task_id`s are required to disambiguate writes belonging to
-    different `StateUpdate`s targeting the same node — otherwise both share
-    the deterministic interrupt-derived id and collide in the saver.
     """
 
     saver = InMemorySaver()
@@ -310,6 +308,92 @@ def test_bulk_update_state_multi_task_per_superstep_delta_channel() -> None:
     assert sorted(ids) == ["m1", "m2"]
 
 
+def _update(content: str, as_node: str) -> StateUpdate:
+    return StateUpdate(
+        values={"messages": [HumanMessage(content=content, id=content)]},
+        as_node=as_node,
+    )
+
+
+def _contents(state: StateSnapshot) -> list[str]:
+    return [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]]
+
+
+def test_bulk_update_state_keeps_every_update_without_task_ids(
+    sync_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    graph = _build_graph(sync_checkpointer, two_nodes=True)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "bulk-no-task-ids"}}
+    graph.invoke({"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="hi")]}, config)
+
+    graph.bulk_update_state(
+        config,
+        [
+            [
+                _update("first", "model"),
+                _update("second", "model"),
+                _update("third", "assistant"),
+            ]
+        ],
+    )
+
+    contents = _contents(graph.get_state(config))
+    assert sorted(contents) == ["first", "hi", "second", "third"], (
+        f"every update's writes must persist; got {contents}"
+    )
+
+
+async def test_abulk_update_state_keeps_every_update_without_task_ids(
+    async_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    graph = _build_graph(async_checkpointer, two_nodes=True)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "bulk-no-task-ids"}}
+    await graph.ainvoke({"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="hi")]}, config)
+
+    await graph.abulk_update_state(
+        config,
+        [
+            [
+                _update("first", "model"),
+                _update("second", "model"),
+                _update("third", "assistant"),
+            ]
+        ],
+    )
+
+    contents = _contents(await graph.aget_state(config))
+    assert sorted(contents) == ["first", "hi", "second", "third"], (
+        f"every update's writes must persist; got {contents}"
+    )
+
+
+def test_bulk_update_state_keeps_every_update_next_to_a_pending_task(
+    sync_checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    graph = _build_graph(
+        sync_checkpointer, two_nodes=True, interrupt_before=["assistant"]
+    )
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "bulk-pending-task"}}
+    graph.invoke({"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="hi")]}, config)
+    assert graph.get_state(config).next == ("assistant",)
+
+    graph.bulk_update_state(
+        config,
+        [
+            [
+                _update("first", "assistant"),
+                _update("second", "model"),
+                _update("third", "model"),
+            ]
+        ],
+    )
+
+    contents = _contents(graph.get_state(config))
+    assert sorted(contents) == ["first", "hi", "second", "third"], (
+        f"every update's writes must persist; got {contents}"
+    )
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Public-API observation of fresh-thread checkpoint shape
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------