langgraph/examples/visualization.ipynb

How to visualize your graph

This notebook walks through how to visualize the graphs you create. This works with ANY Graph.

Setup

First, let's install the required packages

In [ ]:

%%capture --no-stderr
%pip install -U langgraph

Set up Graph

You can visualize any arbitrary Graph, including StateGraph's and MessageGraph's. Let's have some fun by drawing fractals :).

In [1]:

import random
from typing import Annotated, Literal

from typing_extensions import TypedDict

from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START, END
from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages


class State(TypedDict):
    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]


class MyNode:
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        self.name = name

    def __call__(self, state: State):
        return {"messages": [("assistant", f"Called node {self.name}")]}


def route(state) -> Literal["entry_node", "__end__"]:
    if len(state["messages"]) > 10:
        return "__end__"
    return "entry_node"


def add_fractal_nodes(builder, current_node, level, max_level):
    if level > max_level:
        return

    # Number of nodes to create at this level
    num_nodes = random.randint(1, 3)  # Adjust randomness as needed
    for i in range(num_nodes):
        nm = ["A", "B", "C"][i]
        node_name = f"node_{current_node}_{nm}"
        builder.add_node(node_name, MyNode(node_name))
        builder.add_edge(current_node, node_name)

        # Recursively add more nodes
        r = random.random()
        if r > 0.2 and level + 1 < max_level:
            add_fractal_nodes(builder, node_name, level + 1, max_level)
        elif r > 0.05:
            builder.add_conditional_edges(node_name, route, node_name)
        else:
            # End
            builder.add_edge(node_name, "__end__")


def build_fractal_graph(max_level: int):
    builder = StateGraph(State)
    entry_point = "entry_node"
    builder.add_node(entry_point, MyNode(entry_point))
    builder.add_edge(START, entry_point)

    add_fractal_nodes(builder, entry_point, 1, max_level)

    # Optional: set a finish point if required
    builder.add_edge(entry_point, END)  # or any specific node

    return builder.compile()


app = build_fractal_graph(3)

Ascii

We can easily visualize this graph in ascii

In [ ]:

%pip install --quiet grandalf

In [2]:

app.get_graph().print_ascii()

                                                                                                +-----------+                                                                                                 
                                                                                                | __start__ |                                                                                                 
                                                                                                +-----------+                                                                                                 
                                                                                                       *                                                                                                      
                                                                                                       *                                                                                                      
                                                                                                       *                                                                                                      
                                                                                         .......+------------+********                                                                                        
                                                                         ................ *****.| entry_node |....... ****************                                                                        
                                                         ................     ***********...... +------------+   ****............     ****************                                                        
                                          ...............         ************      .....              .               ******    .............        ***************                                         
                          ................            ************            ......                    .                    ******           ............           ****************                         
          ................                     *******                  ......                          .                          ******                 ............               ****************         
  ........                +-------------------+                     ....                                .                                ****                         ........                       ******** 
    .                     | node_entry_node_B |******             ..                                    .                                   *                                 ..                         **   
     ...                  +-------------------+      ************.                                      .                                   *                                   ...                   ***     
        .               ****                ***             ...  ***********                            .                                   *                                      ...             ***        
         ...        ****                       **         ..                ************                .                                   *                                         ..         **           
            .     **                             **     ..                              ******          .                                   *                                           ..     **             
+--------------------------+           +--------------------------+                       +--------------------------+                   ****                                     +-------------------+       
| node_node_entry_node_B_B |........   | node_node_entry_node_B_C |                       | node_node_entry_node_B_A |             ******                                   ......| node_entry_node_A |       
+--------------------------+        ...+--------------------------+........               +--------------------------+       ******                          ...............      +-------------------+       
                                                 ...............           ..........                   .             *******                   .............                                                 
                                                                .............        .........         .        ******           ...............                                                              
                                                                             ...............  .....    .    ****    .............                                                                             
                                                                                            .....+---------+........                                                                                          
                                                                                                 | __end__ |                                                                                                  
                                                                                                 +---------+                                                                                                  

Mermaid

We can also convert a graph class into Mermaid syntax.

In [3]:

print(app.get_graph().draw_mermaid())

%%{init: {'flowchart': {'curve': 'linear'}}}%%
graph TD;
	__start__([<p>__start__</p>]):::first
	entry_node(entry_node)
	node_entry_node_A(node_entry_node_A)
	node_entry_node_B(node_entry_node_B)
	node_node_entry_node_B_A(node_node_entry_node_B_A)
	node_node_entry_node_B_B(node_node_entry_node_B_B)
	node_node_entry_node_B_C(node_node_entry_node_B_C)
	__end__([<p>__end__</p>]):::last
	__start__ --> entry_node;
	entry_node --> __end__;
	entry_node --> node_entry_node_A;
	entry_node --> node_entry_node_B;
	node_entry_node_B --> node_node_entry_node_B_A;
	node_entry_node_B --> node_node_entry_node_B_B;
	node_entry_node_B --> node_node_entry_node_B_C;
	node_entry_node_A -.-> entry_node;
	node_entry_node_A -.-> __end__;
	node_node_entry_node_B_A -.-> entry_node;
	node_node_entry_node_B_A -.-> __end__;
	node_node_entry_node_B_B -.-> entry_node;
	node_node_entry_node_B_B -.-> __end__;
	node_node_entry_node_B_C -.-> entry_node;
	node_node_entry_node_B_C -.-> __end__;
	classDef default fill:#f2f0ff,line-height:1.2
	classDef first fill-opacity:0
	classDef last fill:#bfb6fc

PNG

If preferred, we could render the Graph into a .png. Here we could use three options:

• Using Mermaid.ink API (does not require additional packages)
• Using Mermaid + Pyppeteer (requires pip install pyppeteer)
• Using graphviz (which requires pip install graphviz)

Using Mermaid.Ink

By default, draw_mermaid_png() uses Mermaid.Ink's API to generate the diagram.

In [4]:

from IPython.display import Image, display
from langchain_core.runnables.graph import CurveStyle, MermaidDrawMethod, NodeStyles

display(
    Image(
        app.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png(
            draw_method=MermaidDrawMethod.API,
        )
    )
)

Using Mermaid + Pyppeteer

In [ ]:

%%capture --no-stderr
%pip install --quiet pyppeteer
%pip install --quiet nest_asyncio

In [5]:

import nest_asyncio

nest_asyncio.apply()  # Required for Jupyter Notebook to run async functions

display(
    Image(
        app.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png(
            curve_style=CurveStyle.LINEAR,
            node_colors=NodeStyles(first="#ffdfba", last="#baffc9", default="#fad7de"),
            wrap_label_n_words=9,
            output_file_path=None,
            draw_method=MermaidDrawMethod.PYPPETEER,
            background_color="white",
            padding=10,
        )
    )
)

Using Graphviz

In [ ]:

%%capture --no-stderr
%pip install pygraphviz

In [6]:

try:
    display(Image(app.get_graph().draw_png()))
except ImportError:
    print("You likely need to install dependencies for pygraphviz, see more here https://github.com/pygraphviz/pygraphviz/blob/main/INSTALL.txt")