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125 KiB
Basic Multi-agent Collaboration
A single agent can usually operate effectively using a handful of tools within a single domain, but even using powerful models like gpt-4, it can be less effective at using many tools.
One way to approach complicated tasks is through a "divide-and-conquer" approach: create an specialized agent for each task or domain and route tasks to the correct "expert".
This notebook (inspired by the paper AutoGen: Enabling Next-Gen LLM Applications via Multi-Agent Conversation, by Wu, et. al.) shows one way to do this using LangGraph.
The resulting graph will look something like the following diagram:
Before we get started, a quick note: this and other multi-agent notebooks are designed to show how you can implement certain design patterns in LangGraph. If the pattern suits your needs, we recommend combining it with some of the other fundamental patterns described elsewhere in the docs for best performance.
In [1]:
# %pip install -U langchain langchain_openai langsmith pandas langchain_experimental matplotlibIn [2]:
import getpass
import os
def _set_if_undefined(var: str):
if not os.environ.get(var):
os.environ[var] = getpass(f"Please provide your {var}")
_set_if_undefined("OPENAI_API_KEY")
_set_if_undefined("LANGCHAIN_API_KEY")
_set_if_undefined("TAVILY_API_KEY")
# Optional, add tracing in LangSmith
os.environ["LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2"] = "true"
os.environ["LANGCHAIN_PROJECT"] = "Multi-agent Collaboration"In [ ]:
In [1]:
import json
from langchain_core.messages import (
AIMessage,
BaseMessage,
ChatMessage,
FunctionMessage,
HumanMessage,
)
from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph
from langgraph.prebuilt.tool_executor import ToolExecutor, ToolInvocation
def create_agent(llm, tools, system_message: str):
"""Create an agent."""
functions = [format_tool_to_openai_function(t) for t in tools]
prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(
[
(
"system",
"You are a helpful AI assistant, collaborating with other assistants."
" Use the provided tools to progress towards answering the question."
" If you are unable to fully answer, that's OK, another assistant with different tools "
" will help where you left off. Execute what you can to make progress."
" If you or any of the other assistants have the final answer or deliverable,"
" prefix your response with FINAL ANSWER so the team knows to stop."
" You have access to the following tools: {tool_names}.\n{system_message}",
),
MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name="messages"),
]
)
prompt = prompt.partial(system_message=system_message)
prompt = prompt.partial(tool_names=", ".join([tool.name for tool in tools]))
return prompt | llm.bind_functions(functions)
In [4]:
from langchain_core.tools import tool
from typing import Annotated
from langchain_experimental.utilities import PythonREPL
from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults
tavily_tool = TavilySearchResults(max_results=5)
# Warning: This executes code locally, which can be unsafe when not sandboxed
repl = PythonREPL()
@tool
def python_repl(
code: Annotated[str, "The python code to execute to generate your chart."]
):
"""Use this to execute python code. If you want to see the output of a value,
you should print it out with `print(...)`. This is visible to the user."""
try:
result = repl.run(code)
except BaseException as e:
return f"Failed to execute. Error: {repr(e)}"
return f"Succesfully executed:\n```python\n{code}\n```\nStdout: {result}"
In [5]:
import operator
from typing import Annotated, List, Sequence, Tuple, TypedDict, Union
from langchain.agents import create_openai_functions_agent
from langchain.tools.render import format_tool_to_openai_function
from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
from typing_extensions import TypedDict
# This defines the object that is passed between each node
# in the graph. We will create different nodes for each agent and tool
class AgentState(TypedDict):
messages: Annotated[Sequence[BaseMessage], operator.add]
sender: strIn [6]:
import functools
# Helper function to create a node for a given agent
def agent_node(state, agent, name):
result = agent.invoke(state)
# We convert the agent output into a format that is suitable to append to the global state
if isinstance(result, FunctionMessage):
pass
else:
result = HumanMessage(**result.dict(exclude={"type", "name"}), name=name)
return {
"messages": [result],
# Since we have a strict workflow, we can
# track the sender so we know who to pass to next.
"sender": name,
}
llm = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4-1106-preview")
# Research agent and node
research_agent = create_agent(
llm,
[tavily_tool],
system_message="You should provide accurate data for the chart generator to use.",
)
research_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=research_agent, name="Researcher")
# Chart Generator
chart_agent = create_agent(
llm,
[python_repl],
system_message="Any charts you display will be visible by the user.",
)
chart_node = functools.partial(agent_node, agent=chart_agent, name="Chart Generator")In [7]:
tools = [tavily_tool, python_repl]
tool_executor = ToolExecutor(tools)
def tool_node(state):
"""This runs tools in the graph
It takes in an agent action and calls that tool and returns the result."""
messages = state["messages"]
# Based on the continue condition
# we know the last message involves a function call
last_message = messages[-1]
# We construct an ToolInvocation from the function_call
tool_input = json.loads(
last_message.additional_kwargs["function_call"]["arguments"]
)
# We can pass single-arg inputs by value
if len(tool_input) == 1 and "__arg1" in tool_input:
tool_input = next(iter(tool_input.values()))
tool_name = last_message.additional_kwargs["function_call"]["name"]
action = ToolInvocation(
tool=tool_name,
tool_input=tool_input,
)
# We call the tool_executor and get back a response
response = tool_executor.invoke(action)
# We use the response to create a FunctionMessage
function_message = FunctionMessage(
content=f"{tool_name} response: {str(response)}", name=action.tool
)
# We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list
return {"messages": [function_message]}In [8]:
# Either agent can decide to end
def router(state):
# This is the router
messages = state["messages"]
last_message = messages[-1]
if "function_call" in last_message.additional_kwargs:
# The previus agent is invoking a tool
return "call_tool"
if "FINAL ANSWER" in last_message.content:
# Any agent decided the work is done
return "end"
return "continue"In [9]:
workflow = StateGraph(AgentState)
workflow.add_node("Researcher", research_node)
workflow.add_node("Chart Generator", chart_node)
workflow.add_node("call_tool", tool_node)
workflow.add_conditional_edges(
"Researcher",
router,
{"continue": "Chart Generator", "call_tool": "call_tool", "end": END},
)
workflow.add_conditional_edges(
"Chart Generator",
router,
{"continue": "Researcher", "call_tool": "call_tool", "end": END},
)
workflow.add_conditional_edges(
"call_tool",
# Each agent node updates the 'sender' field
# the tool calling node does not, meaning
# this edge will route back to the original agent
# who invoked the tool
lambda x: x["sender"],
{
"Researcher": "Researcher",
"Chart Generator": "Chart Generator",
},
)
workflow.set_entry_point("Researcher")
graph = workflow.compile()In [10]:
for s in graph.stream(
{
"messages": [
HumanMessage(
content="Fetch the UK's GDP over the past 5 years,"
" then draw a line graph of it."
" Once you code it up, finish."
)
],
},
# Maximum number of steps to take in the graph
{"recursion_limit": 150},
):
print(s)
print("----"){'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/topics/3795/gdp-of-the-uk/\', \'content\': \'Monthly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Quarterly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Monthly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023 Quarterly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023Economy UK GDP - Statistics & Facts United Kingdom In 2022, the gross domestic product of the United Kingdom amounted to approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, compared with 2.14...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281734/gdp-growth-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/\', \'content\': "Annual growth of gross domestic product in the United Kingdom from 1949 to 2022 Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Annual GDP growth in the UK 1949-2022 United Kingdom 1949 to 2022 Other statistics on the topicThe UK economy Economy RPI annual inflation rate UK 2000-2028 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023The United Kingdom\'s economy grew by 4.3 percent in 2022, after a growth rate of 8.7 percent in 2021, and a record 10.4 percent decline in 2020, due to the economic fallout caused by..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json')]}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="The search results contain several snippets of information, but none of them have the complete data for the UK's GDP over the past five years in a structured format that would be suitable for generating a line graph. The snippets do provide some yearly growth rates and mention significant economic events, but they do not present the actual GDP values for each year.\n\nTo generate a line graph, we need the UK's GDP figures for each of the past five years in the same units (usually million GBP or billion GBP) so that we can plot them accurately. The search results mention the GDP of the UK in 2022 as approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, but we need the figures for the previous years as well.\n\nGiven that the search results do not provide the required structured data, we would need to conduct an additional search or consult a database that provides historical GDP figures for the UK, such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or an economic statistics database. Once we have the GDP figures for each of the last five years, we can then proceed to generate the line graph.\n\nTo continue with the task, I would need to perform another search specifically asking for the UK's GDP figures for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/topics/3795/gdp-of-the-uk/\', \'content\': \'Monthly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Quarterly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Monthly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023 Quarterly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023Economy UK GDP - Statistics & Facts United Kingdom In 2022, the gross domestic product of the United Kingdom amounted to approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, compared with 2.14...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281734/gdp-growth-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/\', \'content\': "Annual growth of gross domestic product in the United Kingdom from 1949 to 2022 Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Annual GDP growth in the UK 1949-2022 United Kingdom 1949 to 2022 Other statistics on the topicThe UK economy Economy RPI annual inflation rate UK 2000-2028 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023The United Kingdom\'s economy grew by 4.3 percent in 2022, after a growth rate of 8.7 percent in 2021, and a record 10.4 percent decline in 2020, due to the economic fallout caused by..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json')]}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="The search results still do not provide the annual GDP figures for the UK for the last five years in a structured format that is suitable for creating a line graph. The snippets mention approximate GDP values and growth rates for certain years but do not give a year-by-year breakdown with exact numbers.\n\nTo proceed, we need the specific GDP values for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Since the search results from Tavily are not yielding the required data in a usable format, we would typically look for official economic reports or databases such as the UK's Office for National Statistics (ONS), which regularly publishes comprehensive GDP data.\n\nGiven the limitations of the tools at hand, I am unable to provide the exact GDP figures for the years in question to generate a line graph. Further action should involve directly accessing the ONS website or a similar authoritative source where annual GDP data for the UK is available in a structured format, and then using this data to plot the line graph.\n\nTo continue with the task, you would need to obtain the GDP figures for each of the past five years from a reliable source and then use that data to create the line graph.", name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
Python REPL can execute arbitrary code. Use with caution.
{'Chart Generator': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"code":"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\\n\\n# Since the exact GDP data was not provided, we will use placeholder data for illustration purposes.\\n# These are not the actual GDP values for the UK.\\nyears = [2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022]\\ngdp_values = [2600, 2700, 2300, 2500, 2700] # Placeholder values in billion GBP\\n\\nplt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))\\nplt.plot(years, gdp_values, marker=\'o\')\\nplt.title(\'UK GDP Over the Past 5 Years (Placeholder Data)\')\\nplt.xlabel(\'Year\')\\nplt.ylabel(\'GDP in Billion GBP\')\\nplt.grid(True)\\nplt.show()"}', 'name': 'python_repl'}}, name='Chart Generator')], 'sender': 'Chart Generator'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content="python_repl response: Succesfully executed:\n```python\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n\n# Since the exact GDP data was not provided, we will use placeholder data for illustration purposes.\n# These are not the actual GDP values for the UK.\nyears = [2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022]\ngdp_values = [2600, 2700, 2300, 2500, 2700] # Placeholder values in billion GBP\n\nplt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))\nplt.plot(years, gdp_values, marker='o')\nplt.title('UK GDP Over the Past 5 Years (Placeholder Data)')\nplt.xlabel('Year')\nplt.ylabel('GDP in Billion GBP')\nplt.grid(True)\nplt.show()\n```\nStdout: ", name='python_repl')]}}
----
{'Chart Generator': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="I have executed a sample Python code to illustrate how one would generate a line graph of the UK's GDP over the past five years. However, please note that due to the lack of actual GDP data in the search results, I have used placeholder values. These are not the actual GDP figures for the UK.\n\nHere is a line graph using the placeholder data:\n\n\n\nTo obtain the final graph with accurate data, you would need to replace the `gdp_values` list in the code with the actual GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022. Once you have the correct values, you can execute the modified code to generate the correct line graph.", name='Chart Generator')], 'sender': 'Chart Generator'}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='I have plotted a line graph with placeholder data as an example. To finalize the graph with accurate GDP data for the UK, you would need to provide the actual GDP figures for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Once you have the correct data, you can replace the placeholder `gdp_values` in the code with the actual figures to generate the accurate line graph.', name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'Chart Generator': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="It seems there's been a misunderstanding. Let's try to retrieve the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years and create the line graph with that data. I will now attempt to find the GDP values for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022 using a different approach. Please hold on while I look up this information.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"code":"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\\nimport requests\\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\\n\\n# Attempt to scrape the GDP data from a reliable source\\nurl = \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/abmi/pgdp\'\\n\\n# Send a GET request\\ndata = requests.get(url)\\n\\n# Check if the request was successful\\nif data.status_code == 200:\\n # Parse the HTML content\\n soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, \'html.parser\')\\n # Find the data within the HTML\\n # This is a placeholder selector; actual selector needs to be determined based on the webpage structure\\n gdp_data = soup.select(\'selector-for-gdp-data\')\\n print(\'Data found:\', gdp_data)\\nelse:\\n print(\'Failed to retrieve data, status code:\', data.status_code)"}', 'name': 'python_repl'}}, name='Chart Generator')], 'sender': 'Chart Generator'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content="python_repl response: Succesfully executed:\n```python\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nimport requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n\n# Attempt to scrape the GDP data from a reliable source\nurl = 'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/abmi/pgdp'\n\n# Send a GET request\ndata = requests.get(url)\n\n# Check if the request was successful\nif data.status_code == 200:\n # Parse the HTML content\n soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, 'html.parser')\n # Find the data within the HTML\n # This is a placeholder selector; actual selector needs to be determined based on the webpage structure\n gdp_data = soup.select('selector-for-gdp-data')\n print('Data found:', gdp_data)\nelse:\n print('Failed to retrieve data, status code:', data.status_code)\n```\nStdout: Data found: []\n", name='python_repl')]}}
----
{'Chart Generator': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="It appears that the attempt to scrape the GDP data from the source provided was unsuccessful, as the placeholder selector did not match any elements on the web page. Web scraping requires knowledge of the specific structure of the page and the correct selectors to extract the data, which we do not have at this time.\n\nGiven the current limitations, we'll need to find another way to obtain the actual GDP data. Normally, this would involve manually downloading the data from a trusted source such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or accessing it through an API if available.\n\nSince we cannot directly scrape the data here and do not have access to an API, we'll need to obtain the GDP data from a trusted and accessible source and then proceed to generate the line graph using the actual figures.\n\nIf you can provide the GDP data for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022, I will be able to plot the line graph. Otherwise, we may need to conclude this task and attempt it again once the data is available.", name='Chart Generator')], 'sender': 'Chart Generator'}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.focus-economics.com/country-indicator/united-kingdom/gdp/\', \'content\': \'United Kingdom GDP Chart Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for United Kingdom from 2013 to 2022.Source: UK United Kingdom GDP United Kingdom GDP Overview Latest News GDP forecasts and outlook for United Kingdom Economic Growth in United KingdomThe pandemic caused a historic contraction in 2020, but a strong recovery followed in 2021-2022, albeit with ongoing challenges from Brexit-related trade disruptions and soft global economic conditions. The United Kingdom recorded an average real GDP growth rate of 1.7% in the decade to 2022.\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://data.oecd.org/united-kingdom.htm\', \'content\': \'GDP Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2022 Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2025 56 766 Selected indicators for United Kingdom Share Population Population, Million persons, 2002-2022 67.3 million 104.5 % of GDP Tax Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2022 Unemployment <%unemployment-latest-value-info-bubble%> Data United Kingdom Previous editions Country statistical profile Further country information2018-2022 United Kingdom (red), DAC Countries (black) ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income ... % of GDP 2021 United Kingdom % of GDP: Total % of GDP 2002-2021 United Kingdom (red) Total % of GDP ... 2001-2020 United Kingdom (red) Men Years 2022: Overweight or obese population Indicator: 64.2 Measured % of population aged 15+\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json')]}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="The search results provide some information about the UK's GDP growth rates and the general economic situation, but they do not present the actual GDP values for the years 2018 through 2022 in a format that can be directly used to create a line graph.\n\nHowever, the snippets from the search results do offer some insights:\n\n- The UK's economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020 due to the pandemic.\n- The UK's GDP in 2022 was approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds.\n- There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of COVID-19 restrictions.\n\nTo generate the line graph, we need the actual GDP values for each of the past five years. Since the search has not provided the structured annual GDP data required for this, I will make another attempt to specifically find the GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'call_tool': {'messages': [FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/latest\', \'content\': \'Figure 1: UK GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.3% in November 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: November 2023 data from January 2022 to September 2023, as published in our\\xa0GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September (GDP) in November 2023.1. Main points Monthly real gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated to have shown no growth in the three months to October 2023, compared with the three months to July 2023. Monthly GDP is...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/october2022\', \'content\': \'GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2022 Figure 1: UK GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.5% in October 2022 The 0.8% growth in construction output in October 2022 represents an increase of £123 million in monetary terms the contributions from the services sector to GDP in both September and October 2022.Monthly real gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated to have grown by 0.5% in October 2022 (Figure 1) following a fall of 0.6% in September 2022. Monthly GDP is now estimated to be 0.4% above its pre-coronavirus levels (February 2020). Estimates for September 2022 were affected by the bank holiday for the State Funeral of Her Majesty Queen ...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information UK economy expected to shrink in 2023 How big is the UK economy compared to others? United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s economic..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/february2022\', \'content\': "GDP monthly estimate, UK : February 2022 Figure 1: UK monthly GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.1% in February 2022, and is now 1.5% above its pre-coronavirus Further detail on construction growth rates can be found in Construction output in Great Britain: February 2022. estimate of GDP release published on the same day, which will cover the period up to Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2022.Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 0.1% in February 2022, following 0.8% growth in January 2022. Services grew by 0.2% and was the main contributor to February\'s growth in GDP; this was..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. Volume estimates for the NHS Test and Trace services and vaccine programmes and their impact on real GDP.UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json')]}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='The search results from Tavily do not provide the specific annual GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022. While there is mention of growth rates and comparisons to pre-coronavirus levels, the exact GDP values in million GBP or any other standardized unit for each of those years are not included in a structured format that we can use directly to create a line graph.\n\nTo proceed, we would need the actual GDP values for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 from a reliable source such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or other economic databases. Since the information is not available through the current search results, it would be necessary to access these figures from official economic reports or databases that offer historical GDP data in a structured format.\n\nOnce the GDP data for the specified years is obtained, it can be used to plot the line graph accurately. Without the exact figures, we are unable to complete the task at this moment.', name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'Chart Generator': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="It seems we have reached an impasse in obtaining the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years through the current means available. Normally, one would access this information through official statistical releases, economic databases, or APIs that provide such data in a structured format.\n\nGiven the limitations, we won't be able to proceed with creating the line graph with the actual GDP figures at this time. If you are able to provide the GDP data for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022, I can assist with plotting the line graph. Otherwise, this task may need to be revisited when the data is available through a different approach or tool.", name='Chart Generator')], 'sender': 'Chart Generator'}}
----
{'Researcher': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='FINAL ANSWER:\n\nUnfortunately, we have reached an impasse in obtaining the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years through the current means available. Without the exact figures for the years 2018 through 2022, we are unable to complete the task of creating an accurate line graph at this time. If the GDP data for the UK for these years becomes available, I can assist with plotting the line graph. For now, this task may need to be revisited when the data is accessible through a different approach or tool.', name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
----
{'__end__': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Fetch the UK's GDP over the past 5 years, then draw a line graph of it. Once you code it up, finish."), HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher'), FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/topics/3795/gdp-of-the-uk/\', \'content\': \'Monthly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Quarterly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Monthly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023 Quarterly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023Economy UK GDP - Statistics & Facts United Kingdom In 2022, the gross domestic product of the United Kingdom amounted to approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, compared with 2.14...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281734/gdp-growth-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/\', \'content\': "Annual growth of gross domestic product in the United Kingdom from 1949 to 2022 Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Annual GDP growth in the UK 1949-2022 United Kingdom 1949 to 2022 Other statistics on the topicThe UK economy Economy RPI annual inflation rate UK 2000-2028 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023The United Kingdom\'s economy grew by 4.3 percent in 2022, after a growth rate of 8.7 percent in 2021, and a record 10.4 percent decline in 2020, due to the economic fallout caused by..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json'), HumanMessage(content="The search results contain several snippets of information, but none of them have the complete data for the UK's GDP over the past five years in a structured format that would be suitable for generating a line graph. The snippets do provide some yearly growth rates and mention significant economic events, but they do not present the actual GDP values for each year.\n\nTo generate a line graph, we need the UK's GDP figures for each of the past five years in the same units (usually million GBP or billion GBP) so that we can plot them accurately. The search results mention the GDP of the UK in 2022 as approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, but we need the figures for the previous years as well.\n\nGiven that the search results do not provide the required structured data, we would need to conduct an additional search or consult a database that provides historical GDP figures for the UK, such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or an economic statistics database. Once we have the GDP figures for each of the last five years, we can then proceed to generate the line graph.\n\nTo continue with the task, I would need to perform another search specifically asking for the UK's GDP figures for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher'), FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/topics/3795/gdp-of-the-uk/\', \'content\': \'Monthly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Quarterly GDP of the UK 2019-2023 Monthly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023 Quarterly GDP growth of the UK 2019-2023Economy UK GDP - Statistics & Facts United Kingdom In 2022, the gross domestic product of the United Kingdom amounted to approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds, compared with 2.14...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281734/gdp-growth-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/\', \'content\': "Annual growth of gross domestic product in the United Kingdom from 1949 to 2022 Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Annual GDP growth in the UK 1949-2022 United Kingdom 1949 to 2022 Other statistics on the topicThe UK economy Economy RPI annual inflation rate UK 2000-2028 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023The United Kingdom\'s economy grew by 4.3 percent in 2022, after a growth rate of 8.7 percent in 2021, and a record 10.4 percent decline in 2020, due to the economic fallout caused by..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json'), HumanMessage(content="The search results still do not provide the annual GDP figures for the UK for the last five years in a structured format that is suitable for creating a line graph. The snippets mention approximate GDP values and growth rates for certain years but do not give a year-by-year breakdown with exact numbers.\n\nTo proceed, we need the specific GDP values for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Since the search results from Tavily are not yielding the required data in a usable format, we would typically look for official economic reports or databases such as the UK's Office for National Statistics (ONS), which regularly publishes comprehensive GDP data.\n\nGiven the limitations of the tools at hand, I am unable to provide the exact GDP figures for the years in question to generate a line graph. Further action should involve directly accessing the ONS website or a similar authoritative source where annual GDP data for the UK is available in a structured format, and then using this data to plot the line graph.\n\nTo continue with the task, you would need to obtain the GDP figures for each of the past five years from a reliable source and then use that data to create the line graph.", name='Researcher'), HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"code":"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\\n\\n# Since the exact GDP data was not provided, we will use placeholder data for illustration purposes.\\n# These are not the actual GDP values for the UK.\\nyears = [2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022]\\ngdp_values = [2600, 2700, 2300, 2500, 2700] # Placeholder values in billion GBP\\n\\nplt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))\\nplt.plot(years, gdp_values, marker=\'o\')\\nplt.title(\'UK GDP Over the Past 5 Years (Placeholder Data)\')\\nplt.xlabel(\'Year\')\\nplt.ylabel(\'GDP in Billion GBP\')\\nplt.grid(True)\\nplt.show()"}', 'name': 'python_repl'}}, name='Chart Generator'), FunctionMessage(content="python_repl response: Succesfully executed:\n```python\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n\n# Since the exact GDP data was not provided, we will use placeholder data for illustration purposes.\n# These are not the actual GDP values for the UK.\nyears = [2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022]\ngdp_values = [2600, 2700, 2300, 2500, 2700] # Placeholder values in billion GBP\n\nplt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))\nplt.plot(years, gdp_values, marker='o')\nplt.title('UK GDP Over the Past 5 Years (Placeholder Data)')\nplt.xlabel('Year')\nplt.ylabel('GDP in Billion GBP')\nplt.grid(True)\nplt.show()\n```\nStdout: ", name='python_repl'), HumanMessage(content="I have executed a sample Python code to illustrate how one would generate a line graph of the UK's GDP over the past five years. However, please note that due to the lack of actual GDP data in the search results, I have used placeholder values. These are not the actual GDP figures for the UK.\n\nHere is a line graph using the placeholder data:\n\n\n\nTo obtain the final graph with accurate data, you would need to replace the `gdp_values` list in the code with the actual GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022. Once you have the correct values, you can execute the modified code to generate the correct line graph.", name='Chart Generator'), HumanMessage(content='I have plotted a line graph with placeholder data as an example. To finalize the graph with accurate GDP data for the UK, you would need to provide the actual GDP figures for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Once you have the correct data, you can replace the placeholder `gdp_values` in the code with the actual figures to generate the accurate line graph.', name='Researcher'), HumanMessage(content="It seems there's been a misunderstanding. Let's try to retrieve the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years and create the line graph with that data. I will now attempt to find the GDP values for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022 using a different approach. Please hold on while I look up this information.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"code":"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\\nimport requests\\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\\n\\n# Attempt to scrape the GDP data from a reliable source\\nurl = \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/abmi/pgdp\'\\n\\n# Send a GET request\\ndata = requests.get(url)\\n\\n# Check if the request was successful\\nif data.status_code == 200:\\n # Parse the HTML content\\n soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, \'html.parser\')\\n # Find the data within the HTML\\n # This is a placeholder selector; actual selector needs to be determined based on the webpage structure\\n gdp_data = soup.select(\'selector-for-gdp-data\')\\n print(\'Data found:\', gdp_data)\\nelse:\\n print(\'Failed to retrieve data, status code:\', data.status_code)"}', 'name': 'python_repl'}}, name='Chart Generator'), FunctionMessage(content="python_repl response: Succesfully executed:\n```python\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nimport requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n\n# Attempt to scrape the GDP data from a reliable source\nurl = 'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/abmi/pgdp'\n\n# Send a GET request\ndata = requests.get(url)\n\n# Check if the request was successful\nif data.status_code == 200:\n # Parse the HTML content\n soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, 'html.parser')\n # Find the data within the HTML\n # This is a placeholder selector; actual selector needs to be determined based on the webpage structure\n gdp_data = soup.select('selector-for-gdp-data')\n print('Data found:', gdp_data)\nelse:\n print('Failed to retrieve data, status code:', data.status_code)\n```\nStdout: Data found: []\n", name='python_repl'), HumanMessage(content="It appears that the attempt to scrape the GDP data from the source provided was unsuccessful, as the placeholder selector did not match any elements on the web page. Web scraping requires knowledge of the specific structure of the page and the correct selectors to extract the data, which we do not have at this time.\n\nGiven the current limitations, we'll need to find another way to obtain the actual GDP data. Normally, this would involve manually downloading the data from a trusted source such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or accessing it through an API if available.\n\nSince we cannot directly scrape the data here and do not have access to an API, we'll need to obtain the GDP data from a trusted and accessible source and then proceed to generate the line graph using the actual figures.\n\nIf you can provide the GDP data for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022, I will be able to plot the line graph. Otherwise, we may need to conclude this task and attempt it again once the data is available.", name='Chart Generator'), HumanMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher'), FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.focus-economics.com/country-indicator/united-kingdom/gdp/\', \'content\': \'United Kingdom GDP Chart Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for United Kingdom from 2013 to 2022.Source: UK United Kingdom GDP United Kingdom GDP Overview Latest News GDP forecasts and outlook for United Kingdom Economic Growth in United KingdomThe pandemic caused a historic contraction in 2020, but a strong recovery followed in 2021-2022, albeit with ongoing challenges from Brexit-related trade disruptions and soft global economic conditions. The United Kingdom recorded an average real GDP growth rate of 1.7% in the decade to 2022.\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK 1999-2023 Economy Inflation rate in the UK 1989-2023 United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.beta.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/compendium/unitedkingdomnationalaccountsthebluebook/2022/nationalaccountsataglance\', \'content\': \'of UK GDP over 2020 and 2021 accounts at a glance, UK National Accounts, The Blue Book: 2022 Figure 1: The UK economy increased by 7.5% in 2021, having seen the largest fall in over 300 years in 2020 National accounts at a glance A summary of recent trends and movements within the UK economy. Notice 23 January 2023Gross domestic product There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions through the year. Real gross domestic...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Time series related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP)UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://data.oecd.org/united-kingdom.htm\', \'content\': \'GDP Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars/capita, 2022 Real GDP forecast, Annual growth rate (%), 2025 56 766 Selected indicators for United Kingdom Share Population Population, Million persons, 2002-2022 67.3 million 104.5 % of GDP Tax Tax on personal income, % of GDP, 2022 Unemployment <%unemployment-latest-value-info-bubble%> Data United Kingdom Previous editions Country statistical profile Further country information2018-2022 United Kingdom (red), DAC Countries (black) ODA grant equivalent % of gross national income ... % of GDP 2021 United Kingdom % of GDP: Total % of GDP 2002-2021 United Kingdom (red) Total % of GDP ... 2001-2020 United Kingdom (red) Men Years 2022: Overweight or obese population Indicator: 64.2 Measured % of population aged 15+\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json'), HumanMessage(content="The search results provide some information about the UK's GDP growth rates and the general economic situation, but they do not present the actual GDP values for the years 2018 through 2022 in a format that can be directly used to create a line graph.\n\nHowever, the snippets from the search results do offer some insights:\n\n- The UK's economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020 due to the pandemic.\n- The UK's GDP in 2022 was approximately 2.2 trillion British pounds.\n- There was a rebound in activity in the UK economy in 2021, in response to the easing of COVID-19 restrictions.\n\nTo generate the line graph, we need the actual GDP values for each of the past five years. Since the search has not provided the structured annual GDP data required for this, I will make another attempt to specifically find the GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.", additional_kwargs={'function_call': {'arguments': '{"query":"UK GDP 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022"}', 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json'}}, name='Researcher'), FunctionMessage(content='tavily_search_results_json response: [{\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/latest\', \'content\': \'Figure 1: UK GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.3% in November 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: November 2023 data from January 2022 to September 2023, as published in our\\xa0GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September (GDP) in November 2023.1. Main points Monthly real gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated to have shown no growth in the three months to October 2023, compared with the three months to July 2023. Monthly GDP is...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/october2022\', \'content\': \'GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2022 Figure 1: UK GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.5% in October 2022 The 0.8% growth in construction output in October 2022 represents an increase of £123 million in monetary terms the contributions from the services sector to GDP in both September and October 2022.Monthly real gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated to have grown by 0.5% in October 2022 (Figure 1) following a fall of 0.6% in September 2022. Monthly GDP is now estimated to be 0.4% above its pre-coronavirus levels (February 2020). Estimates for September 2022 were affected by the bank holiday for the State Funeral of Her Majesty Queen ...\'}, {\'url\': \'https://www.statista.com/statistics/281744/gdp-of-the-united-kingdom/\', \'content\': "Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: GDP of the UK 1948-2022 Gross domestic product of the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2022 (in million GBP) Additional Information UK economy expected to shrink in 2023 How big is the UK economy compared to others? United Kingdom 1948 to 2022Annual GDP growth figures show that the UK economy grew by 4.1 percent in 2022, after growing by 7.6 percent in 2021, and a record 9.4 percent fall in GDP in 2020. The UK\'s economic..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/bulletins/gdpmonthlyestimateuk/february2022\', \'content\': "GDP monthly estimate, UK : February 2022 Figure 1: UK monthly GDP is estimated to have grown by 0.1% in February 2022, and is now 1.5% above its pre-coronavirus Further detail on construction growth rates can be found in Construction output in Great Britain: February 2022. estimate of GDP release published on the same day, which will cover the period up to Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2022.Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 0.1% in February 2022, following 0.8% growth in January 2022. Services grew by 0.2% and was the main contributor to February\'s growth in GDP; this was..."}, {\'url\': \'https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp\', \'content\': \'Spotlight GDP quarterly national accounts, UK: July to September 2023 GDP monthly estimate, UK: October 2023 GDP output approach, Blue Book 2023 indicative data Monthly index values for monthly gross domestic product (GDP) and the main sectors in the UK to four decimal places. Volume estimates for the NHS Test and Trace services and vaccine programmes and their impact on real GDP.UK GDP is now estimated to have shown no growth in Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2023, revised down from a previously estimated increase of 0.2%, while growth in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2023 and all...\'}]', name='tavily_search_results_json'), HumanMessage(content='The search results from Tavily do not provide the specific annual GDP figures for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022. While there is mention of growth rates and comparisons to pre-coronavirus levels, the exact GDP values in million GBP or any other standardized unit for each of those years are not included in a structured format that we can use directly to create a line graph.\n\nTo proceed, we would need the actual GDP values for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 from a reliable source such as the Office for National Statistics (ONS) or other economic databases. Since the information is not available through the current search results, it would be necessary to access these figures from official economic reports or databases that offer historical GDP data in a structured format.\n\nOnce the GDP data for the specified years is obtained, it can be used to plot the line graph accurately. Without the exact figures, we are unable to complete the task at this moment.', name='Researcher'), HumanMessage(content="It seems we have reached an impasse in obtaining the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years through the current means available. Normally, one would access this information through official statistical releases, economic databases, or APIs that provide such data in a structured format.\n\nGiven the limitations, we won't be able to proceed with creating the line graph with the actual GDP figures at this time. If you are able to provide the GDP data for the UK for the years 2018 through 2022, I can assist with plotting the line graph. Otherwise, this task may need to be revisited when the data is available through a different approach or tool.", name='Chart Generator'), HumanMessage(content='FINAL ANSWER:\n\nUnfortunately, we have reached an impasse in obtaining the actual GDP data for the UK for the past five years through the current means available. Without the exact figures for the years 2018 through 2022, we are unable to complete the task of creating an accurate line graph at this time. If the GDP data for the UK for these years becomes available, I can assist with plotting the line graph. For now, this task may need to be revisited when the data is accessible through a different approach or tool.', name='Researcher')], 'sender': 'Researcher'}}
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