diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0a881c139..415bf128f 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ and this project adheres to
 - 🛂(frontend) fix cannot manage member on small screen #2226
 - 🐛(backend) load jwks url when OIDC_RS_PRIVATE_KEY_STR is set
 - 🐛(backend) Prevent moving document to its own descendant or self #2208
+- 🐛(backend) return 400 when restoring a non-deleted document #2225
 
 ### Removed
 
diff --git a/src/backend/core/api/viewsets.py b/src/backend/core/api/viewsets.py
index e9406cd40..8298f211f 100644
--- a/src/backend/core/api/viewsets.py
+++ b/src/backend/core/api/viewsets.py
@@ -996,7 +996,10 @@ class DocumentViewSet(
         Restore a soft-deleted document if it was deleted less than x days ago.
         """
         document = self.get_object()
-        document.restore()
+        try:
+            document.restore()
+        except RuntimeError as err:
+            raise drf.exceptions.ValidationError({"detail": str(err)}) from err
 
         return drf_response.Response(
             {"detail": "Document has been successfully restored."},
diff --git a/src/backend/core/tests/documents/test_api_documents_restore.py b/src/backend/core/tests/documents/test_api_documents_restore.py
index 5ae64aec1..93a088864 100644
--- a/src/backend/core/tests/documents/test_api_documents_restore.py
+++ b/src/backend/core/tests/documents/test_api_documents_restore.py
@@ -124,3 +124,22 @@ def test_api_documents_restore_authenticated_owner_expired():
 
     assert response.status_code == 404
     assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not found."}
+
+
+def test_api_documents_restore_authenticated_owner_not_deleted():
+    """Restoring a document that is not deleted should return a 400 error."""
+    user = factories.UserFactory()
+    client = APIClient()
+    client.force_login(user)
+
+    document = factories.DocumentFactory()
+    factories.UserDocumentAccessFactory(document=document, user=user, role="owner")
+
+    response = client.post(f"/api/v1.0/documents/{document.id!s}/restore/")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response.json() == {"detail": "This document is not deleted."}
+
+    document.refresh_from_db()
+    assert document.deleted_at is None
+    assert document.ancestors_deleted_at is None