diff --git a/volatility/framework/plugins/windows/hashdump.py b/volatility/framework/plugins/windows/hashdump.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..64c5b0fed --- /dev/null +++ b/volatility/framework/plugins/windows/hashdump.py @@ -0,0 +1,346 @@ + +from volatility.framework import interfaces, renderers +from volatility.framework.configuration import requirements +from volatility.framework.renderers import format_hints +from volatility.plugins.windows.registry import hivelist +from struct import unpack, pack +from Crypto.Hash import MD5, MD4 +from Crypto.Cipher import ARC4, DES, AES +import hashlib +import binascii + + +class Hashdump(interfaces.plugins.PluginInterface): + """Dumps user hashes from memory""" + @classmethod + def get_requirements(cls): + return [requirements.TranslationLayerRequirement(name = 'primary', + description = 'Memory layer for the kernel', + architectures = ["Intel32", "Intel64"]), + requirements.SymbolTableRequirement(name = "nt_symbols", + description = "Windows kernel symbols"), + requirements.PluginRequirement(name = 'hivelist', plugin = hivelist.HiveList, version = (1, 0, 0)) + ] + + odd_parity = [ + 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 7, 7, 8, 8, 11, 11, 13, 13, 14, 14, + 16, 16, 19, 19, 21, 21, 22, 22, 25, 25, 26, 26, 28, 28, 31, 31, + 32, 32, 35, 35, 37, 37, 38, 38, 41, 41, 42, 42, 44, 44, 47, 47, + 49, 49, 50, 50, 52, 52, 55, 55, 56, 56, 59, 59, 61, 61, 62, 62, + 64, 64, 67, 67, 69, 69, 70, 70, 73, 73, 74, 74, 76, 76, 79, 79, + 81, 81, 82, 82, 84, 84, 87, 87, 88, 88, 91, 91, 93, 93, 94, 94, + 97, 97, 98, 98, 100, 100, 103, 103, 104, 104, 107, 107, 109, 109, 110, 110, + 112, 112, 115, 115, 117, 117, 118, 118, 121, 121, 122, 122, 124, 124, 127, 127, + 128, 128, 131, 131, 133, 133, 134, 134, 137, 137, 138, 138, 140, 140, 143, 143, + 145, 145, 146, 146, 148, 148, 151, 151, 152, 152, 155, 155, 157, 157, 158, 158, + 161, 161, 162, 162, 164, 164, 167, 167, 168, 168, 171, 171, 173, 173, 174, 174, + 176, 176, 179, 179, 181, 181, 182, 182, 185, 185, 186, 186, 188, 188, 191, 191, + 193, 193, 194, 194, 196, 196, 199, 199, 200, 200, 203, 203, 205, 205, 206, 206, + 208, 208, 211, 211, 213, 213, 214, 214, 217, 217, 218, 218, 220, 220, 223, 223, + 224, 224, 227, 227, 229, 229, 230, 230, 233, 233, 234, 234, 236, 236, 239, 239, + 241, 241, 242, 242, 244, 244, 247, 247, 248, 248, 251, 251, 253, 253, 254, 254 + ] + + # Permutation matrix for boot key + p = [ 0x8, 0x5, 0x4, 0x2, 0xb, 0x9, 0xd, 0x3, + 0x0, 0x6, 0x1, 0xc, 0xe, 0xa, 0xf, 0x7 ] + + # Constants for SAM decrypt algorithm + aqwerty = b"!@#$%^&*()qwertyUIOPAzxcvbnmQQQQQQQQQQQQ)(*@&%\0" + anum = b"0123456789012345678901234567890123456789\0" + antpassword = b"NTPASSWORD\0" + almpassword = b"LMPASSWORD\0" + lmkey = b"KGS!@#$%" + + empty_lm = "aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee" + empty_nt = "31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0" + + #empty treegrid object to return in case of error + none_obj = (0,('','','','')) + + #helper method to find a particular key in a hive + def open_key(self, root, key): + if key == []: + return root + + keyname = key.pop(0) + for s in root.get_subkeys(): + if s.get_name().upper() == keyname.upper(): + return self.open_key(s, key) + return None + + def get_user_keys(self, samhive): + user_key_path = ["SAM", "Domains", "Account", "Users"] + + root = samhive.root_cell_offset + if not root: + return [] + + user_key = self.open_key(samhive.get_node(root), user_key_path) + if not user_key: + return [] + return [k for k in user_key.get_subkeys() if k.Name != "Names"] + + def get_bootkey(self, syshive): + cs =1 + lsa_base = ["ControlSet{0:03}".format(cs), "Control", "Lsa"] + lsa_keys = ["JD", "Skew1", "GBG", "Data"] + root = syshive.root_cell_offset + if not root: + return None + + lsa = self.open_key(syshive.get_node(root), lsa_base) + + + if not lsa: + return None + + bootkey = "" + + for lk in lsa_keys: + key = self.open_key(lsa, [lk]) + + class_data = syshive.read(key.Class+4, key.ClassLength) + + if class_data == None: + return "" + bootkey += class_data.decode('utf-16-le') + + + + bootkey_str=''.join([chr(int(''.join(c), 16)) for c in zip(bootkey[0::2],bootkey[1::2])]) + bootkey_scrambled = "" + + for i in range(len(bootkey_str)): + bootkey_scrambled += bootkey_str[self.p[i]] + return bootkey_scrambled + + def get_hbootkey(self, samhive, bootkey): + sam_account_path = ["SAM", "Domains", "Account"] + + if not bootkey: + return None + + root = samhive.root_cell_offset + if not root: + return None + + sam_account_key = self.open_key(samhive.get_node(root), sam_account_path) + if not sam_account_key: + return None + + + F = None + for v in sam_account_key.get_values(): + if v.get_name() == 'F': + F = samhive.read(v.Data+4, v.DataLength) + if not F: + return None + + revision = F[0x00] + if revision == 2: + md5 = hashlib.md5() + + md5.update(F[0x70:0x80] + self.aqwerty + bootkey.encode('latin1') + self.anum) + rc4_key = md5.digest() + + rc4 = ARC4.new(rc4_key) + hbootkey = rc4.encrypt(F[0x80:0xA0]) + return hbootkey + elif revision == 3: + # AES encrypted + iv = F[0x78:0x88] + encryptedHBootKey = F[0x88:0xA8] + cipher = AES.new(bootkey.encode('latin1'), AES.MODE_CBC, iv) + hbootkey = cipher.decrypt(encryptedHBootKey) + return hbootkey[:16] + else: + return None + + return hbootkey + + + + def decrypt_single_salted_hash(self, rid, hbootkey, enc_hash, lmntstr, salt): + if enc_hash == "": + return "" + (des_k1,des_k2) = self.sid_to_key(rid) + d1 = DES.new(des_k1.encode('latin1'), DES.MODE_ECB) + d2 = DES.new(des_k2.encode('latin1'), DES.MODE_ECB) + cipher = AES.new(hbootkey[:16], AES.MODE_CBC, salt) + obfkey = cipher.decrypt(enc_hash) + return d1.decrypt(obfkey[:8]) + d2.decrypt(obfkey[8:16]) + + def get_user_hashes(self, user, samhive, hbootkey): + ## Will sometimes find extra user with rid = NAMES, returns empty strings right now + try: + rid = int(str(user.get_name()), 16) + except ValueError: + return None + V = None + for v in user.get_values(): + if v.get_name() == 'V': + V = samhive.read(v.Data+4, v.DataLength) + if not V: + return None + + lm_offset = unpack("> 8) & 0xFF) + s1 += chr((sid >> 16) & 0xFF) + s1 += chr((sid >> 24) & 0xFF) + s1 += s1[0] + s1 += s1[1] + s1 += s1[2] + s2 = s1[3] + s1[0] + s1[1] + s1[2] + s2 += s2[0] + s2[1] + s2[2] + return self.str_to_key(s1), self.str_to_key(s2) + + def str_to_key(self, s): + key = [] + key.append(ord(s[0]) >> 1) + key.append(((ord(s[0]) & 0x01) << 6) | (ord(s[1]) >> 2)) + key.append(((ord(s[1]) & 0x03) << 5) | (ord(s[2]) >> 3)) + key.append(((ord(s[2]) & 0x07) << 4) | (ord(s[3]) >> 4)) + key.append(((ord(s[3]) & 0x0F) << 3) | (ord(s[4]) >> 5)) + key.append(((ord(s[4]) & 0x1F) << 2) | (ord(s[5]) >> 6)) + key.append(((ord(s[5]) & 0x3F) << 1) | (ord(s[6]) >> 7)) + key.append(ord(s[6]) & 0x7F) + for i in range(8): + key[i] = (key[i] << 1) + key[i] = self.odd_parity[key[i]] + + return "".join(chr(k) for k in key) + + def decrypt_single_hash(self, rid, hbootkey, enc_hash, lmntstr): + (des_k1, des_k2) = self.sid_to_key(rid) + d1 = DES.new(des_k1.encode('latin1'), DES.MODE_ECB) + d2 = DES.new(des_k2.encode('latin1'), DES.MODE_ECB) + md5 = MD5.new() + + md5.update(hbootkey[:0x10] + pack(" len(V): + return None + + username = V[name_offset:name_offset + name_length].decode('utf-16-le') + return username + + #replaces the dump_hashes method in vol2 + def _generator(self, syshive, samhive): + if syshive == None: + print("SYSTEM address is None: Did you use the correct profile?") + yield self.none_obj + if samhive == None: + print("SAM address is None: Did you use the correct profile?") + yield self.none_obj + bootkey = self.get_bootkey(syshive) + hbootkey = self.get_hbootkey(samhive, bootkey) + if hbootkey: + for user in self.get_user_keys(samhive): + ret = self.get_user_hashes(user, samhive, hbootkey) + if not ret: + yield self.none_obj + else: + lmhash, nthash = ret + if not lmhash: + lmhash = self.empty_lm + if not nthash: + nthash = self.empty_nt + ## temporary fix to prevent UnicodeDecodeError backtraces + ## however this can cause truncated user names as a result + name = self.get_user_name(user, samhive) + if name is not None: + name = name.encode('ascii', 'ignore') + else: + name = "(unavailable)" + + + if lmhash == self.empty_lm: + lmout=lmhash + else: + lmout = binascii.hexlify(lmhash).decode('latin1') + + if nthash == self.empty_nt: + ntout=nthash + else: + ntout = binascii.hexlify(nthash).decode('latin1') + yield (0, (name.decode('latin1'), + str(int(str(user.get_name()), 16)), + lmout, + ntout)) + else: + print("Hbootkey is not valid") + yield self.none_obj + + def run(self): + offset = self.config.get('offset', None) + syshive=None + samhive=None + for hive in hivelist.HiveList.list_hives(self.context, + self.config_path, + self.config['primary'], + self.config['nt_symbols'], + hive_offsets = None if offset is None else [offset]): + + if hive.get_name().split('\\')[-1].upper() == 'SYSTEM': + syshive=hive + if hive.get_name().split('\\')[-1].upper() == 'SAM': + samhive=hive + + + return renderers.TreeGrid([("User", str), ("rid", str), ("lmhash", str), ("nthash", str)], + self._generator(syshive, samhive)) +