mirror of
https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/volatility3.git
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343 lines
14 KiB
Python
343 lines
14 KiB
Python
# This file is Copyright 2019 Volatility Foundation and licensed under the Volatility Software License 1.0
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# which is available at https://www.volatilityfoundation.org/license/vsl-v1.0
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#
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import logging
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from typing import List, Optional, Dict
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from volatility.framework import constants, exceptions, renderers, interfaces
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from volatility.framework.configuration import requirements
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from volatility.framework.objects import utility
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from volatility.framework.renderers import format_hints
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from volatility.plugins.windows import pslist
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vollog = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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try:
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import capstone
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has_capstone = True
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except ImportError:
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has_capstone = False
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class Handles(interfaces.plugins.PluginInterface):
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"""Lists process open handles."""
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_version = (1, 0, 0)
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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self._sar_value = None
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self._type_map = None
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self._cookie = None
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self._level_mask = 7
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@classmethod
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def get_requirements(cls) -> List[interfaces.configuration.RequirementInterface]:
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# Since we're calling the plugin, make sure we have the plugin's requirements
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return [
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requirements.TranslationLayerRequirement(name = 'primary',
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description = 'Memory layer for the kernel',
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architectures = ["Intel32", "Intel64"]),
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requirements.SymbolTableRequirement(name = "nt_symbols", description = "Windows kernel symbols"),
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requirements.IntRequirement(name = 'pid',
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description = "Process ID to include (all other processes are excluded)",
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optional = True),
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requirements.PluginRequirement(name = 'pslist', plugin = pslist.PsList, version = (1, 0, 0))
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]
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def _decode_pointer(self, value, magic):
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"""Windows encodes pointers to objects and decodes them on the fly
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before using them.
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This function mimics the decoding routine so we can generate the
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proper pointer values as well.
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"""
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value = value & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF8
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value = value >> magic
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# if (value & (1 << 47)):
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# value = value | 0xFFFF000000000000
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return value
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def _get_item(self, handle_table_entry, handle_value):
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"""Given a handle table entry (_HANDLE_TABLE_ENTRY) structure from a
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process' handle table, determine where the corresponding object's
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_OBJECT_HEADER can be found."""
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virtual = self.config["primary"]
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try:
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# before windows 7
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if not self.context.layers[virtual].is_valid(handle_table_entry.Object):
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return None
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fast_ref = handle_table_entry.Object.cast("_EX_FAST_REF")
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object_header = fast_ref.dereference().cast("_OBJECT_HEADER")
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object_header.GrantedAccess = handle_table_entry.GrantedAccess
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except AttributeError:
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# starting with windows 8
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if handle_table_entry.LowValue == 0:
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return None
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magic = self.find_sar_value()
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# is this the right thing to raise here?
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if magic is None:
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raise AttributeError(
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"Unable to find the SAR value for decoding handle table pointers (Is capstone installed?)")
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offset = self._decode_pointer(handle_table_entry.LowValue, magic)
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# print("LowValue: {0:#x} Magic: {1:#x} Offset: {2:#x}".format(handle_table_entry.InfoTable, magic, offset))
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object_header = self.context.object(self.config["nt_symbols"] + constants.BANG + "_OBJECT_HEADER",
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virtual,
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offset = offset)
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object_header.GrantedAccess = handle_table_entry.GrantedAccessBits
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object_header.HandleValue = handle_value
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return object_header
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def find_sar_value(self):
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"""Locate ObpCaptureHandleInformationEx if it exists in the sample.
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Once found, parse it for the SAR value that we need to decode
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pointers in the _HANDLE_TABLE_ENTRY which allows us to find the
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associated _OBJECT_HEADER.
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"""
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if self._sar_value is None:
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if not has_capstone:
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return None
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virtual_layer_name = self.config['primary']
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kvo = self.context.layers[virtual_layer_name].config['kernel_virtual_offset']
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ntkrnlmp = self.context.module(self.config["nt_symbols"], layer_name = virtual_layer_name, offset = kvo)
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try:
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func_addr = ntkrnlmp.get_symbol("ObpCaptureHandleInformationEx").address
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except exceptions.SymbolError:
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return None
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data = self.context.layers.read(virtual_layer_name, kvo + func_addr, 0x200)
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if data is None:
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return None
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md = capstone.Cs(capstone.CS_ARCH_X86, capstone.CS_MODE_64)
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for (address, size, mnemonic, op_str) in md.disasm_lite(data, kvo + func_addr):
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# print("{} {} {} {}".format(address, size, mnemonic, op_str))
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if mnemonic.startswith("sar"):
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# if we don't want to parse op strings, we can disasm the
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# single sar instruction again, but we use disasm_lite for speed
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self._sar_value = int(op_str.split(",")[1].strip(), 16)
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break
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return self._sar_value
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@classmethod
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def get_type_map(cls, context: interfaces.context.ContextInterface, layer_name: str,
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symbol_table: str) -> Dict[int, str]:
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"""List the executive object types (_OBJECT_TYPE) using the
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ObTypeIndexTable or ObpObjectTypes symbol (differs per OS). This method
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will be necessary for determining what type of object we have given an
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object header.
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Note:
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The object type index map was hard coded into profiles in previous versions of volatility.
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It is now generated dynamically.
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Args:
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context: The context to retrieve required elements (layers, symbol tables) from
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layer_name: The name of the layer on which to operate
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symbol_table: The name of the table containing the kernel symbols
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Returns:
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A mapping of type indicies to type names
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"""
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type_map = {} # type: Dict[int, str]
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kvo = context.layers[layer_name].config['kernel_virtual_offset']
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ntkrnlmp = context.module(symbol_table, layer_name = layer_name, offset = kvo)
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try:
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table_addr = ntkrnlmp.get_symbol("ObTypeIndexTable").address
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except exceptions.SymbolError:
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table_addr = ntkrnlmp.get_symbol("ObpObjectTypes").address
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trans_layer = context.layers[layer_name]
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if not trans_layer.is_valid(kvo + table_addr):
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return type_map
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ptrs = ntkrnlmp.object(object_type = "array",
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offset = table_addr,
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subtype = ntkrnlmp.get_type("pointer"),
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count = 100)
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for i, ptr in enumerate(ptrs): # type: ignore
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# the first entry in the table is always null. break the
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# loop when we encounter the first null entry after that
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if i > 0 and ptr == 0:
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break
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try:
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objt = ptr.dereference().cast(symbol_table + constants.BANG + "_OBJECT_TYPE")
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type_name = objt.Name.String
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except exceptions.InvalidAddressException:
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vollog.log(constants.LOGLEVEL_VVV,
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"Cannot access _OBJECT_HEADER Name at {0:#x}".format(objt.vol.offset))
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continue
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type_map[i] = type_name
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return type_map
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@classmethod
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def find_cookie(cls, context: interfaces.context.ContextInterface, layer_name: str,
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symbol_table: str) -> Optional[interfaces.objects.ObjectInterface]:
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"""Find the ObHeaderCookie value (if it exists)"""
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try:
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offset = context.symbol_space.get_symbol(symbol_table + constants.BANG + "ObHeaderCookie").address
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except exceptions.SymbolError:
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return None
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kvo = context.layers[layer_name].config['kernel_virtual_offset']
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return context.object(symbol_table + constants.BANG + "unsigned int", layer_name, offset = kvo + offset)
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def _make_handle_array(self, offset, level, depth = 0):
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"""Parse a process' handle table and yield valid handle table entries,
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going as deep into the table "levels" as necessary."""
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virtual = self.config["primary"]
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kvo = self.context.layers[virtual].config['kernel_virtual_offset']
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ntkrnlmp = self.context.module(self.config["nt_symbols"], layer_name = virtual, offset = kvo)
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if level > 0:
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subtype = ntkrnlmp.get_type("pointer")
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count = 0x1000 / subtype.size
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else:
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subtype = ntkrnlmp.get_type("_HANDLE_TABLE_ENTRY")
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count = 0x1000 / subtype.size
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if not self.context.layers[virtual].is_valid(offset):
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return
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table = ntkrnlmp.object(object_type = "array",
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offset = offset,
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subtype = subtype,
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count = int(count),
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absolute = True)
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layer_object = self.context.layers[virtual]
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masked_offset = (offset & layer_object.maximum_address)
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for entry in table:
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if level > 0:
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for x in self._make_handle_array(entry, level - 1, depth):
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yield x
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depth += 1
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else:
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handle_multiplier = 4
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handle_level_base = depth * count * handle_multiplier
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handle_value = ((entry.vol.offset - masked_offset) /
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(subtype.size / handle_multiplier)) + handle_level_base
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item = self._get_item(entry, handle_value)
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if item is None:
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continue
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try:
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if item.TypeIndex != 0x0:
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yield item
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except AttributeError:
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if item.Type.Name:
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yield item
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except exceptions.InvalidAddressException:
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continue
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def handles(self, handle_table):
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try:
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TableCode = handle_table.TableCode & ~self._level_mask
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table_levels = handle_table.TableCode & self._level_mask
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except exceptions.InvalidAddressException:
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vollog.log(constants.LOGLEVEL_VVV, "Handle table parsing was aborted due to an invalid address exception")
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return
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for handle_table_entry in self._make_handle_array(TableCode, table_levels):
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yield handle_table_entry
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def _generator(self, procs):
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type_map = self.get_type_map(context = self.context,
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layer_name = self.config["primary"],
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symbol_table = self.config["nt_symbols"])
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cookie = self.find_cookie(context = self.context,
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layer_name = self.config["primary"],
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symbol_table = self.config["nt_symbols"])
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for proc in procs:
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try:
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object_table = proc.ObjectTable
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except exceptions.InvalidAddressException:
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vollog.log(constants.LOGLEVEL_VVV,
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"Cannot access _EPROCESS.ObjectType at {0:#x}".format(proc.vol.offset))
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continue
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process_name = utility.array_to_string(proc.ImageFileName)
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for entry in self.handles(object_table):
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try:
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obj_type = entry.get_object_type(type_map, cookie)
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if obj_type is None:
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continue
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if obj_type == "File":
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item = entry.Body.cast("_FILE_OBJECT")
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obj_name = item.file_name_with_device()
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elif obj_type == "Process":
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item = entry.Body.cast("_EPROCESS")
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obj_name = "{} Pid {}".format(utility.array_to_string(proc.ImageFileName), item.UniqueProcessId)
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elif obj_type == "Thread":
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item = entry.Body.cast("_ETHREAD")
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obj_name = "Tid {} Pid {}".format(item.Cid.UniqueThread, item.Cid.UniqueProcess)
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elif obj_type == "Key":
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item = entry.Body.cast("_CM_KEY_BODY")
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obj_name = item.get_full_key_name()
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else:
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try:
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obj_name = entry.NameInfo.Name.String
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except exceptions.InvalidAddressException:
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obj_name = ""
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except (exceptions.InvalidAddressException):
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vollog.log(constants.LOGLEVEL_VVV,
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"Cannot access _OBJECT_HEADER at {0:#x}".format(entry.vol.offset))
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continue
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yield (0, (proc.UniqueProcessId, process_name, format_hints.Hex(entry.Body.vol.offset),
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format_hints.Hex(entry.HandleValue), obj_type, format_hints.Hex(entry.GrantedAccess),
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obj_name))
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def run(self):
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filter_func = pslist.PsList.create_pid_filter([self.config.get('pid', None)])
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return renderers.TreeGrid([("PID", int), ("Process", str), ("Offset", format_hints.Hex),
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("HandleValue", format_hints.Hex), ("Type", str),
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("GrantedAccess", format_hints.Hex), ("Name", str)],
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self._generator(
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pslist.PsList.list_processes(self.context,
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self.config['primary'],
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self.config['nt_symbols'],
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filter_func = filter_func)))
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