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docs: enhance PostgresSaver connection requirements explanation (#4953)
docs: enhance PostgresSaver connection requirements explanation - Add detailed explanation of why autocommit=True and row_factory=dict_row are required - Include example of incorrect usage and resulting errors - Addresses issue #4937 about incomplete setup documentation
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@@ -13,6 +13,20 @@ By default `langgraph-checkpoint-postgres` installs `psycopg` (Psycopg 3) withou
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> When manually creating Postgres connections and passing them to `PostgresSaver` or `AsyncPostgresSaver`, make sure to include `autocommit=True` and `row_factory=dict_row` (`from psycopg.rows import dict_row`). See a full example in this [how-to guide](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/how-tos/persistence_postgres/).
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>
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> **Why these parameters are required:**
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> - `autocommit=True`: Required for the `.setup()` method to properly commit the checkpoint tables to the database. Without this, table creation may not be persisted.
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> - `row_factory=dict_row`: Required because the PostgresSaver implementation accesses database rows using dictionary-style syntax (e.g., `row["column_name"]`). The default `tuple_row` factory returns tuples that only support index-based access (e.g., `row[0]`), which will cause `TypeError` exceptions when the checkpointer tries to access columns by name.
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>
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> **Example of incorrect usage:**
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> ```python
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> # ❌ This will fail with TypeError during checkpointer operations
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> with psycopg.connect(DB_URI) as conn: # Missing autocommit=True and row_factory=dict_row
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> checkpointer = PostgresSaver(conn)
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> checkpointer.setup() # May not persist tables properly
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> # Any operation that reads from database will fail with:
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> # TypeError: tuple indices must be integers or slices, not str
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> ```
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```python
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from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
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