switch to httpx + add tests

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/cli.py

@@ -635,7 +635,9 @@ def build(
 @click.argument("docker_build_args", nargs=-1, type=click.UNPROCESSED)
 @cli.command(
     help=(
-        "Build and deploy a LangGraph image to LangSmith Deployments.\n\n"
+        "[Beta] Build and deploy a LangGraph image to LangSmith Deployments.\n\n"
+        "This command is in beta and under active development. "
+        "Expect frequent updates and improvements.\n\n"
         "Run from the root of your LangGraph project (where langgraph.json "
         "is located). This command also accepts build flags (--base-image, "
         "--pull, etc.). See 'langgraph build --help' for details."
@@ -689,12 +691,23 @@ def deploy(
 
     with Runner() as runner:
         if shutil.which("docker") is None:
-            raise click.UsageError("Docker not installed")
+            raise click.UsageError(
+                "Docker is required but not installed.\n"
+                "Install Docker Desktop: https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/\n\n"
+                "Remote builds (no Docker required) are coming in a future update."
+            )
         if needs_buildx:
             try:
                 runner.run(subp_exec("docker", "buildx", "version", collect=True))
             except click.exceptions.Exit:
-                raise click.UsageError("Docker Buildx not installed") from None
+                raise click.UsageError(
+                    "Docker Buildx is required but not installed.\n"
+                    "Your machine architecture ("
+                    + platform.machine()
+                    + ") requires Buildx to cross-compile images for linux/amd64.\n"
+                    "Install Buildx: https://docs.docker.com/build/install-buildx/\n\n"
+                    "Remote builds (no Docker required) are coming in a future update."
+                ) from None
 
         def log_step(message: str) -> None:
             click.secho(message, fg="cyan")

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/host_backend.py

@@ -2,13 +2,10 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import json
-import urllib.error
-import urllib.parse
-import urllib.request
 from typing import Any
 
 import click
+import httpx
 
 
 class HostBackendError(click.ClickException):
@@ -21,53 +18,45 @@ class HostBackendClient:
     def __init__(self, base_url: str, api_key: str):
         if not base_url:
             raise click.UsageError("Host backend URL is required")
-        base_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
-        self._base_url = base_url
-        self._api_key = api_key
+        transport = httpx.HTTPTransport(retries=3)
+        self._client = httpx.Client(
+            base_url=base_url.rstrip("/"),
+            headers={
+                "X-Api-Key": api_key,
+                "Accept": "application/json",
+            },
+            transport=transport,
+            timeout=30,
+        )
 
     def _request(
         self, method: str, path: str, payload: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     ) -> Any:
-        url = f"{self._base_url}{path}"
-        data: bytes | None
-        if payload is not None:
-            data = json.dumps(payload).encode("utf-8")
-        else:
-            data = None
-        headers: dict[str, str] = {
-            "X-Api-Key": self._api_key,
-            "Accept": "application/json",
-        }
-        if data is not None:
-            headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
-        req = urllib.request.Request(url, data=data, headers=headers, method=method)
         try:
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=30) as resp:
-                body = resp.read()
-        except urllib.error.HTTPError as err:
-            detail = err.read().decode("utf-8", errors="ignore")
-            message = detail or err.reason
+            resp = self._client.request(method, path, json=payload)
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+        except httpx.HTTPStatusError as err:
+            detail = err.response.text or str(err.response.status_code)
             raise HostBackendError(
-                f"{method} {path} failed with status {err.code}: {message}"
+                f"{method} {path} failed with status {err.response.status_code}: {detail}"
             ) from None
-        except urllib.error.URLError as err:
-            raise HostBackendError(str(err.reason)) from None
+        except httpx.TransportError as err:
+            raise HostBackendError(str(err)) from None
 
-        if not body:
+        if not resp.content:
             return None
         try:
-            return json.loads(body)
-        except json.JSONDecodeError as err:
+            return resp.json()
+        except ValueError as err:
             raise HostBackendError(
-                f"Failed to decode response from {path}: {err.msg}"
+                f"Failed to decode response from {path}: {err}"
             ) from None
 
     def create_deployment(self, payload: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return self._request("POST", "/v2/deployments", payload)
 
     def list_deployments(self, name_contains: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        encoded = urllib.parse.quote(name_contains, safe="")
-        return self._request("GET", f"/v2/deployments?name_contains={encoded}")
+        return self._request("GET", f"/v2/deployments?name_contains={name_contains}")
 
     def get_deployment(self, deployment_id: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return self._request("GET", f"/v2/deployments/{deployment_id}")

libs/cli/pyproject.toml

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
 dependencies = [
     "click>=8.1.7",
+    "httpx>=0.24.0",
     "langgraph-sdk>=0.1.0 ; python_version >= '3.11'",
     "python-dotenv>=0.8.0",
 ]

libs/cli/tests/unit_tests/test_deploy_helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+import base64
+import json
+import os
+
+import click
+import pytest
+
+from langgraph_cli.cli import (
+    _docker_config_for_token,
+    _normalize_image_name,
+    _normalize_image_tag,
+    _parse_env_from_config,
+)
+
+
+class TestDockerConfigForToken:
+    def test_creates_config_json(self):
+        with _docker_config_for_token("us-docker.pkg.dev", "my-token") as cfg:
+            config_path = os.path.join(cfg, "config.json")
+            assert os.path.isfile(config_path)
+            with open(config_path) as f:
+                data = json.load(f)
+            expected_auth = base64.b64encode(b"oauth2accesstoken:my-token").decode()
+            assert data == {"auths": {"us-docker.pkg.dev": {"auth": expected_auth}}}
+
+    def test_tempdir_cleaned_up(self):
+        with _docker_config_for_token("registry.example.com", "tok") as cfg:
+            assert os.path.isdir(cfg)
+        assert not os.path.exists(cfg)
+
+    def test_different_registries(self):
+        with _docker_config_for_token("gcr.io", "token123") as cfg:
+            with open(os.path.join(cfg, "config.json")) as f:
+                data = json.load(f)
+            assert "gcr.io" in data["auths"]
+
+
+class TestNormalizeImageName:
+    def test_simple_name(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("myapp") == "myapp"
+
+    def test_uppercase_lowered(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("MyApp") == "myapp"
+
+    def test_special_chars_replaced(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("my app!@#v2") == "my-app-v2"
+
+    def test_dots_and_hyphens_kept(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("my-app.v2") == "my-app.v2"
+
+    def test_leading_trailing_stripped(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("--my-app..") == "my-app"
+
+    def test_empty_string_returns_app(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("") == "app"
+
+    def test_none_returns_app(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name(None) == "app"
+
+    def test_all_invalid_chars_returns_app(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_name("!!!") == "app"
+
+
+class TestNormalizeImageTag:
+    def test_valid_tag(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_tag("v1.2.3") == "v1.2.3"
+
+    def test_empty_defaults_to_latest(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_tag("") == "latest"
+
+    def test_alphanumeric_and_special(self):
+        assert _normalize_image_tag("my_tag-1.0") == "my_tag-1.0"
+
+    def test_invalid_chars_raises(self):
+        with pytest.raises(click.UsageError, match="Image tag may only contain"):
+            _normalize_image_tag("v1.0:bad")
+
+    def test_spaces_raises(self):
+        with pytest.raises(click.UsageError, match="Image tag may only contain"):
+            _normalize_image_tag("has space")
+
+
+class TestParseEnvFromConfig:
+    def test_env_dict(self, tmp_path):
+        config_path = tmp_path / "langgraph.json"
+        config_path.touch()
+        result = _parse_env_from_config({"env": {"FOO": "bar", "NUM": 42}}, config_path)
+        assert result == {"FOO": "bar", "NUM": "42"}
+
+    def test_env_string_dotenv_file(self, tmp_path):
+        env_file = tmp_path / "my.env"
+        env_file.write_text("KEY1=val1\nKEY2=val2\n")
+        config_path = tmp_path / "langgraph.json"
+        config_path.touch()
+        result = _parse_env_from_config({"env": "my.env"}, config_path)
+        assert result == {"KEY1": "val1", "KEY2": "val2"}
+
+    def test_env_missing_falls_back_to_dotenv(self, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+        env_file = tmp_path / ".env"
+        env_file.write_text("DEFAULT_KEY=default_val\n")
+        monkeypatch.chdir(tmp_path)
+        config_path = tmp_path / "langgraph.json"
+        config_path.touch()
+        result = _parse_env_from_config({}, config_path)
+        assert result == {"DEFAULT_KEY": "default_val"}
+
+    def test_env_missing_no_dotenv_returns_empty(self, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.chdir(tmp_path)
+        config_path = tmp_path / "langgraph.json"
+        config_path.touch()
+        result = _parse_env_from_config({}, config_path)
+        assert result == {}
+
+    def test_env_dotenv_filters_none_values(self, tmp_path):
+        # Lines like "KEY=" produce empty string, lines like "KEY" produce None
+        env_file = tmp_path / "test.env"
+        env_file.write_text("GOOD=value\nEMPTY=\n")
+        config_path = tmp_path / "langgraph.json"
+        config_path.touch()
+        result = _parse_env_from_config({"env": "test.env"}, config_path)
+        assert "GOOD" in result
+        assert result["GOOD"] == "value"
+        # EMPTY= gives empty string, not None, so it should be present
+        assert result["EMPTY"] == ""

libs/cli/tests/unit_tests/test_host_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+import httpx
+import pytest
+
+from langgraph_cli.host_backend import HostBackendClient, HostBackendError
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_transport():
+    return httpx.MockTransport(lambda req: httpx.Response(200, json={"ok": True}))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(mock_transport):
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=mock_transport,
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    return c
+
+
+def test_constructor_strips_trailing_slash():
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com/", "key")
+    assert str(c._client.base_url) == "https://api.example.com"
+
+
+def test_constructor_empty_url_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Host backend URL is required"):
+        HostBackendClient("", "key")
+
+
+def test_request_sends_headers():
+    def handler(req: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
+        assert req.headers["x-api-key"] == "test-key"
+        assert req.headers["accept"] == "application/json"
+        return httpx.Response(200, json={"ok": True})
+
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=httpx.MockTransport(handler),
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    result = c._request("GET", "/test")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_request_sends_json_payload():
+    def handler(req: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
+        assert req.headers["content-type"] == "application/json"
+        assert req.content == b'{"key":"value"}'
+        return httpx.Response(200, json={"created": True})
+
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=httpx.MockTransport(handler),
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    result = c._request("POST", "/test", {"key": "value"})
+    assert result == {"created": True}
+
+
+def test_request_empty_body_returns_none():
+    transport = httpx.MockTransport(lambda req: httpx.Response(200, content=b""))
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=transport,
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    assert c._request("DELETE", "/test") is None
+
+
+def test_request_http_error_raises():
+    transport = httpx.MockTransport(lambda req: httpx.Response(404, text="not found"))
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=transport,
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(HostBackendError, match="404"):
+        c._request("GET", "/missing")
+
+
+def test_request_invalid_json_raises():
+    transport = httpx.MockTransport(
+        lambda req: httpx.Response(200, content=b"not json")
+    )
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=transport,
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(HostBackendError, match="Failed to decode"):
+        c._request("GET", "/bad-json")
+
+
+def test_request_transport_error_raises():
+    def handler(req: httpx.Request) -> httpx.Response:
+        raise httpx.ConnectError("connection refused")
+
+    c = HostBackendClient("https://api.example.com", "test-key")
+    c._client = httpx.Client(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com",
+        transport=httpx.MockTransport(handler),
+        headers={"X-Api-Key": "test-key", "Accept": "application/json"},
+        timeout=30,
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(HostBackendError, match="connection refused"):
+        c._request("GET", "/test")
+
+
+def test_create_deployment(client):
+    result = client.create_deployment({"name": "my-deploy"})
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_get_deployment(client):
+    result = client.get_deployment("dep-123")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_list_deployments(client):
+    result = client.list_deployments("my-app")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_request_push_token(client):
+    result = client.request_push_token("dep-123")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_update_deployment(client):
+    result = client.update_deployment(
+        "dep-123", "image:latest", secrets=[{"name": "KEY", "value": "val"}]
+    )
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_update_deployment_no_secrets(client):
+    result = client.update_deployment("dep-123", "image:latest")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_list_revisions(client):
+    result = client.list_revisions("dep-123", limit=5)
+    assert result == {"ok": True}
+
+
+def test_get_revision(client):
+    result = client.get_revision("dep-123", "rev-456")
+    assert result == {"ok": True}

libs/cli/uv.lock

@@ -983,7 +983,9 @@ name = "langgraph-cli"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "click" },
+    { name = "httpx" },
     { name = "langgraph-sdk", marker = "python_full_version >= '3.11'" },
+    { name = "python-dotenv" },
 ]
 
 [package.optional-dependencies]
@@ -1021,10 +1023,12 @@ test = [
 [package.metadata]
 requires-dist = [
     { name = "click", specifier = ">=8.1.7" },
+    { name = "click", specifier = ">=8.1.7" },
+    { name = "httpx", specifier = ">=0.24.0" },
     { name = "langgraph-api", marker = "python_full_version >= '3.11' and extra == 'inmem'", specifier = ">=0.5.35,<0.8.0" },
     { name = "langgraph-runtime-inmem", marker = "python_full_version >= '3.11' and extra == 'inmem'", specifier = ">=0.7" },
     { name = "langgraph-sdk", marker = "python_full_version >= '3.11'", specifier = ">=0.1.0" },
-    { name = "python-dotenv", marker = "extra == 'inmem'", specifier = ">=0.8.0" },
+    { name = "python-dotenv", specifier = ">=0.8.0" },
 ]
 provides-extras = ["inmem"]