Merge pull request #1299 from langchain-ai/dependabot/pip/libs/langgraph/aiohttp-3.10.2

build(deps-dev): bump aiohttp from 3.9.5 to 3.10.2 in /libs/langgraph

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@
             working-directory: [
                 "libs/langgraph",
                 "libs/sdk-py",
-                "libs/cli"
+                "libs/cli",
+                "libs/checkpoint",
+                "libs/checkpoint-sqlite",
+                "libs/checkpoint-postgres"
             ]
         uses: ./.github/workflows/_lint.yml
         with:
@@ -50,7 +53,10 @@
           matrix:
             working-directory: [
                 "libs/langgraph",
-                "libs/cli"
+                "libs/cli",
+                "libs/checkpoint",
+                "libs/checkpoint-sqlite",
+                "libs/checkpoint-postgres"
             ]
         uses: ./.github/workflows/_test.yml
         with:

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on:
       working-directory:
         required: true
         type: string
-        default: 'libs/langgraph'
+        default: "libs/langgraph"
 
 env:
   PYTHON_VERSION: "3.11"
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ jobs:
             REGEX="^$SHORT_PKG_NAME==\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+((a|b|rc)\\d+)?\$"
           fi
           echo $REGEX
-          PREV_TAG=$(git tag --sort=-creatordate | grep -P $REGEX | head -1)
+          PREV_TAG=$(git tag --sort=-creatordate | grep -P $REGEX | head -1 || echo "")
           echo $PREV_TAG
           if [ "$TAG" == "$PREV_TAG" ]; then
             echo "No new version to release"
@@ -137,8 +137,7 @@ jobs:
       - build
       - release-notes
     permissions: write-all
-    uses:
-      ./.github/workflows/_test_release.yml
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_test_release.yml
     with:
       working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
     secrets: inherit
@@ -198,9 +197,15 @@ jobs:
               "$PKG_NAME==$VERSION" \
           )
 
-          # Replace all dashes in the package name with underscores,
-          # since that's how Python imports packages with dashes in the name.
-          IMPORT_NAME="$(echo "$PKG_NAME" | sed s/-/_/g)"
+          if [[ "$PKG_NAME" == *checkpoint* ]]; then
+            # since checkpoint packages are namespace packages, import them with . convention
+            # i.e. import langgraph.checkpoint or langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite
+            IMPORT_NAME="$(echo "$PKG_NAME" | sed s/-/./g)"
+          else
+            # Replace all dashes in the package name with underscores,
+            # since that's how Python imports packages with dashes in the name.
+            IMPORT_NAME="$(echo "$PKG_NAME" | sed s/-/_/g)"
+          fi
 
           poetry run python -c "import $IMPORT_NAME; print(dir($IMPORT_NAME))"
 

README.md

@@ -10,9 +10,6 @@
 > [!NOTE]
 > Looking for the JS version? Click [here](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraphjs) ([JS docs](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraphjs/)).
 
-> [!TIP]
-> Looking to deploy your LangGraph application? [Join the waitlist](https://www.langchain.com/langgraph-cloud-beta) for [LangGraph Cloud](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/cloud/), our managed service for deploying and hosting LangGraph applications.
-
 ## Overview
 
 [LangGraph](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/) is a library for building stateful, multi-actor applications with LLMs, used to create agent and multi-agent workflows. Compared to other LLM frameworks, it offers these core benefits: cycles, controllability, and persistence. LangGraph allows you to define flows that involve cycles, essential for most agentic architectures, differentiating it from DAG-based solutions. As a very low-level framework, it provides fine-grained control over both the flow and state of your application, crucial for creating reliable agents. Additionally, LangGraph includes built-in persistence, enabling advanced human-in-the-loop and memory features.
@@ -61,7 +58,7 @@ from typing import Annotated, Literal, TypedDict
 from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
 from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic
 from langchain_core.tools import tool
-from langgraph.checkpoint import MemorySaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
 from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, MessagesState
 from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode
 

docs/_scripts/copy_notebooks.py

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ _MANUAL = {
         "tool-calling.ipynb",
         "tool-calling-errors.ipynb",
         "pass-config-to-tools.ipynb",
+        "many-tools.ipynb",
         "dynamic-returning-direct.ipynb",
         "managing-agent-steps.ipynb",
         "respond-in-format.ipynb",
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ _MANUAL = {
         "human_in_the_loop/time-travel.ipynb",
         "human_in_the_loop/edit-graph-state.ipynb",
         "human_in_the_loop/wait-user-input.ipynb",
+        "human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb",
         "node-retries.ipynb",
     ],
     "tutorials": [

docs/docs/cloud/concepts/api.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The LangGraph Cloud API consists of a few core data models: [Assistants](#assist
 
 An assistant is a configured instance of a [`CompiledGraph`][compiledgraph]. It abstracts the cognitive architecture of the graph and contains instance specific configuration and metadata. Multiple assistants can reference the same graph but can contain different configuration and metadata, which may differentiate the behavior of the assistants. An assistant (i.e. the graph) is invoked as part of a run.
 
-The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing assistants. See the <a href="../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/assistantscreate" target="_blank">API reference</a> for more details.
+The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing assistants. See the [API reference](../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/assistantscreate) for more details.
 
 #### Configuring Assistants
 
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ The state of a thread at a particular point in time is called a checkpoint.
 
 For more on threads and checkpoints, see this section of the [LangGraph conceptual guide](../../concepts/low_level.md#checkpointer).
 
-The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing threads and thread state. See the <a href="../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/threadscreate" target="_blank">API reference</a> for more details.
+The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing threads and thread state. See the [API reference](../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/threadscreate) for more details.
 
 ### Runs
 
 A run is an invocation of an assistant. Each run may have its own input, configuration, and metadata, which may affect execution and output of the underlying graph. A run can optionally be executed on a thread.
 
-The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing runs. See the <a href="../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate" target="_blank">API reference</a> for more details.
+The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing runs. See the [API reference](../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate) for more details.
 
 ### Cron Jobs
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ It's often useful to run graphs on some schedule. LangGraph Cloud supports cron
 
 Note that this sends the same input to the thread every time. See the [how-to guide](../how-tos/cloud_examples/cron_jobs.ipynb) for creating cron jobs.
 
-The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing cron jobs. See the <a href="../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate/POST/threads/{thread_id}/runs/crons" target="_blank">API reference</a> for more details.
+The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing cron jobs. See the [API reference](../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate/POST/threads/{thread_id}/runs/crons) for more details.
 
 ## Features
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Streaming is critical for making LLM applications feel responsive to end users.
 
 You can also specify multiple streaming modes at the same time. See the [how-to guide](../how-tos/stream_multiple.md) for configuring multiple streaming modes at the same time.
 
-See the <a href="../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate/POST/threads/{thread_id}/runs/stream" target="_blank">API reference</a> for how to create streaming runs.
+See the [API reference](../reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/runscreate/POST/threads/{thread_id}/runs/stream) for how to create streaming runs.
 
 ### Human-in-the-Loop
 

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/setup.md

@@ -1,16 +1,31 @@
 # How to Set Up a LangGraph Application for Deployment
 
-A LangGraph application must be configured with a [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file) in order to be deployed to LangGraph Cloud (or to be self-hosted). This how-to guide discusses the basic steps to setup a LangGraph application for deployment using `requirements.txt` to specify project dependencies. If you prefer using poetry for dependency management, check out [this how-to guide](./setup_pyproject.md) on using `pyproject.toml` for LangGraph Cloud.
+A LangGraph application must be configured with a [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file) in order to be deployed to LangGraph Cloud (or to be self-hosted). This how-to guide discusses the basic steps to setup a LangGraph application for deployment using `requirements.txt` to specify project dependencies. 
+
+This walkthrough is based on [this repository](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example), which you can play around with to learn more about how to setup your LangGraph application for deployment.
+
+!!! tip "Setup with pyproject.toml"
+    If you prefer using poetry for dependency management, check out [this how-to guide](./setup_pyproject.md) on using `pyproject.toml` for LangGraph Cloud.
+
+!!! tip "Setup with a Monorepo"
+    If you are interested in deploying a graph located inside a monorepo, take a look at [this](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example-monorepo) repository for an example of how to do so.
+
 
 The final repo structure will look something like this:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-|-- requirements.txt    # package dependencies
-|-- .env                # environment variables
-|-- openai_agent.py     # code for an agent
-|-- anthropic_agent.py  # code for another agent
-|-- langgraph.json      # configuration file for LangGraph
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
+│   ├── requirements.txt # package dependencies
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+├── .env # environment variables
+└── langgraph.json # configuration file for LangGraph
 ```
 
 After each step, an example file directory is provided to demonstrate how code can be organized.
@@ -21,13 +36,11 @@ Dependencies can optionally be specified in one of the following files: `pyproje
 
 The dependencies below will be included in the image, you can also use them in your code, as long as with a compatible version range:
 ```
-langgraph>=0.1.7
-langchain-core>=0.2.7
-orjson>=3.10.1
-langsmith>=0.1.50
-httpx>=0.27.0
-langchain-core>=0.2.8
+langgraph>=0.2.0,<0.3.0
+langchain-core>=0.2.27,<0.3.0
 langsmith>=0.1.63
+orjson>=3.10.1
+httpx>=0.27.0
 tenacity>=8.3.0
 uvicorn>=0.29.0
 sse-starlette>=2.1.0
@@ -35,18 +48,24 @@ uvloop>=0.19.0
 httptools>=0.6.1
 jsonschema-rs>=0.18.0
 croniter>=1.0.1
+structlog>=24.4.0
 ```
 
 Example `requirements.txt` file:
 ```
 langgraph
+langchain_anthropic
+tavily-python
+langchain_community
 langchain_openai
+
 ```
 
 Example file directory:
-```
+```bash
 my-app/
-|-- requirements.txt    # Python packages required for your graph
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   └── requirements.txt # package dependencies
 ```
 
 ## Specify Environment Variables
@@ -61,42 +80,66 @@ OPENAI_API_KEY=key
 ```
 
 Example file directory:
-```
+
+```bash
 my-app/
-|-- requirements.txt
-|-- .env                # file with environment variables
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   └── requirements.txt # package dependencies
+└── .env # environment variables
 ```
 
 ## Define Graphs
 
 Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledGraph][compiledgraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
 
-Example `openai_agent.py` file:
+Example `agent.py` file, which shows how to import from other modules you define (code for the modules is not shown here, please see [this repo](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example) to see their implementation):
+
+
 ```python
-from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-from langgraph.graph import END, MessageGraph
+# my_agent/agent.py
+from typing import TypedDict, Literal
 
-model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END
+from my_agent.utils.nodes import call_model, should_continue, tool_node # import nodes
+from my_agent.utils.state import AgentState # import state
 
-graph_workflow = MessageGraph()
+# Define the config
+class GraphConfig(TypedDict):
+    model_name: Literal["anthropic", "openai"]
 
-graph_workflow.add_node("agent", model)
-graph_workflow.add_edge("agent", END)
-graph_workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
+workflow = StateGraph(AgentState, config_schema=GraphConfig)
+workflow.add_node("agent", call_model)
+workflow.add_node("action", tool_node)
+workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
+workflow.add_conditional_edges(
+    "agent",
+    should_continue,
+    {
+        "continue": "action",
+        "end": END,
+    },
+)
+workflow.add_edge("action", "agent")
 
-agent = graph_workflow.compile()
+graph = workflow.compile()
 ```
 
 !!! warning "Assign `CompiledGraph` to Variable"
     The build process for LangGraph Cloud requires that the `CompiledGraph` object be assigned to a variable at the top-level of a Python module (alternatively, you can provide [a function that creates a graph](./graph_rebuild.md)).
 
 Example file directory:
-```
+```bash
 my-app/
-|-- requirements.txt
-|-- .env
-|-- openai_agent.py     # code for your graph
-|-- anthropic_agent.py  # code for your graph
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
+│   ├── requirements.txt # package dependencies
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+└── .env # environment variables
 ```
 
 ## Create LangGraph API Config
@@ -106,14 +149,11 @@ Create a [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-fi
 Example `langgraph.json` file:
 ```json
 {
-    "dependencies": [
-        "."
-    ],
-    "graphs": {
-        "openai_agent": "./openai_agent.py:agent",
-        "anthropic_agent": "./anthropic_agent.py:agent"
-    },
-    "env": "./.env"
+  "dependencies": ["./my_agent"],
+  "graphs": {
+    "agent": "./my_agent/agent.py:graph"
+  },
+  "env": ".env"
 }
 ```
 
@@ -126,17 +166,19 @@ Example file directory:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-|-- requirements.txt
-|-- .env
-|-- openai_agent.py
-|-- anthropic_agent.py
-|-- langgraph.json      # configuration file for LangGraph
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
+│   ├── requirements.txt # package dependencies
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+├── .env # environment variables
+└── langgraph.json # configuration file for LangGraph
 ```
 
-## Upload to GitHub
-
-To deploy the LangGraph application to LangGraph Cloud, the code must be uploaded to a GitHub repository.
-
 ## Next
 
-After you setup your repo, it's time to [deploy your app](./cloud.md).
+After you setup your project and place it in a github repo, it's time to [deploy your app](./cloud.md).

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/setup_pyproject.md

@@ -1,16 +1,29 @@
 # How to Set Up a LangGraph Application for Deployment
 
-A LangGraph application must be configured with a [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file) in order to be deployed to LangGraph Cloud (or to be self-hosted). This how-to guide discusses the basic steps to setup a LangGraph application for deployment using `pyproject.toml` to define your package's dependencies. If you prefer using `requirements.txt` for dependency management, check out [this how-to guide](./setup.md).
+A LangGraph application must be configured with a [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file) in order to be deployed to LangGraph Cloud (or to be self-hosted). This how-to guide discusses the basic steps to setup a LangGraph application for deployment using `pyproject.toml` to define your package's dependencies. 
+
+This walkthrough is based on [this repository](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example), which you can play around with to learn more about how to setup your LangGraph application for deployment.
+
+!!! tip "Setup with requirements.txt"
+  If you prefer using `requirements.txt` for dependency management, check out [this how-to guide](./setup.md).
+
+!!! tip "Setup with a Monorepo"
+    If you are interested in deploying a graph located inside a monorepo, take a look at [this](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example-monorepo) repository for an example of how to do so.
 
 The final repo structure will look something like this:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
 ├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
 │   ├── __init__.py
-│   └── agent.py # code for your graph
-│-- .env # environment variables
-│-- langgraph.json  # configuration file for LangGraph
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+├── .env # environment variables
+├── langgraph.json  # configuration file for LangGraph
 └── pyproject.toml # dependencies for your project
 ```
 
@@ -22,13 +35,11 @@ Dependencies can optionally be specified in one of the following files: `pyproje
 
 The dependencies below will be included in the image, you can also use them in your code, as long as with a compatible version range:
 ```
-langgraph>=0.1.7
-langchain-core>=0.2.7
-orjson>=3.10.1
-langsmith>=0.1.50
-httpx>=0.27.0
-langchain-core>=0.2.8
+langgraph>=0.2.0,<0.3.0
+langchain-core>=0.2.27,<0.3.0
 langsmith>=0.1.63
+orjson>=3.10.1
+httpx>=0.27.0
 tenacity>=8.3.0
 uvicorn>=0.29.0
 sse-starlette>=2.1.0
@@ -36,6 +47,7 @@ uvloop>=0.19.0
 httptools>=0.6.1
 jsonschema-rs>=0.18.0
 croniter>=1.0.1
+structlog>=24.4.0
 ```
 
 Example `pyproject.toml` file:
@@ -51,7 +63,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
 python = ">=3.9.0,<3.13"
-langgraph = "^0.1.7"
+langgraph = "^0.2.0"
 langchain-fireworks = "^0.1.3"
 
 
@@ -64,9 +76,6 @@ Example file directory:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-├── my_agent
-│   ├── __init__.py
-│   └── agent.py
 └── pyproject.toml   # Python packages required for your graph
 ```
 
@@ -86,10 +95,7 @@ Example file directory:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-├── my_agent
-│   ├── __init__.py
-│   └── agent.py
-|-- .env             # file with environment variables
+├── .env             # file with environment variables
 └── pyproject.toml
 ```
 
@@ -97,26 +103,35 @@ my-app/
 
 Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledGraph][compiledgraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph API configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
 
-Example `agent.py` file:
+Example `agent.py` file, which shows how to import from other modules you define (code for the modules is not shown here, please see [this repo](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example-pyproject) to see their implementation):
 
 ```python
 # my_agent/agent.py
-from langchain_fireworks import ChatFireworks
-from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, add_messages
-from typing_extensions import TypedDict, Annotated
+from typing import TypedDict, Literal
 
-model = ChatFireworks(model="accounts/fireworks/models/firefunction-v2", temperature=0)
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END
+from my_agent.utils.nodes import call_model, should_continue, tool_node # import nodes
+from my_agent.utils.state import AgentState # import state
 
-class State(TypedDict):
-    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]
+# Define the config
+class GraphConfig(TypedDict):
+    model_name: Literal["anthropic", "openai"]
 
-graph_workflow = StateGraph(State)
+workflow = StateGraph(AgentState, config_schema=GraphConfig)
+workflow.add_node("agent", call_model)
+workflow.add_node("action", tool_node)
+workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
+workflow.add_conditional_edges(
+    "agent",
+    should_continue,
+    {
+        "continue": "action",
+        "end": END,
+    },
+)
+workflow.add_edge("action", "agent")
 
-graph_workflow.add_node("agent", model)
-graph_workflow.add_edge("agent", END)
-graph_workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
-
-agent = graph_workflow.compile()
+graph = workflow.compile()
 ```
 
 !!! warning "Assign `CompiledGraph` to Variable"
@@ -126,10 +141,15 @@ Example file directory:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-├── my_agent
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
 │   ├── __init__.py
-│   └── agent.py # code for your graph
-|-- .env
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+├── .env
 └── pyproject.toml
 ```
 
@@ -143,9 +163,9 @@ Example `langgraph.json` file:
 {
   "dependencies": ["."],
   "graphs": {
-    "my_fantastic_agent": "./my_agent/agent.py:agent"
+    "agent": "./my_agent/agent.py:graph"
   },
-  "env": "./.env"
+  "env": ".env"
 }
 ```
 
@@ -158,18 +178,19 @@ Example file directory:
 
 ```bash
 my-app/
-├── my_agent
+├── my_agent # all project code lies within here
+│   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
+│   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+│   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
 │   ├── __init__.py
-│   └── agent.py # code for your graph
-│-- .env
-│-- langgraph.json      # configuration file for LangGraph
-└── pyproject.toml
+│   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph
+├── .env # environment variables
+├── langgraph.json  # configuration file for LangGraph
+└── pyproject.toml # dependencies for your project
 ```
 
-## Upload to GitHub
-
-To deploy the LangGraph application to LangGraph Cloud, the code must be uploaded to a GitHub repository.
-
 ## Next
 
-After you setup your repo, it's time to [deploy your app](./cloud.md).
+After you setup your project and place it in a github repo, it's time to [deploy your app](./cloud.md).

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/check_thread_status.md

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+# Check the Status of your Threads
+
+## Setup
+
+To start, we can setup our client with whatever URL you are hosting your graph from:
+
+### SDK initialization
+
+First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted graph:
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    from langgraph_sdk import get_client
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
+    assistant_id = "agent"
+    thread = await client.threads.create()
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
+
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
+    const assistantId = agent;
+    const thread = await client.threads.create();
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
+## Find idle threads
+
+We can use the following commands to find threads that are idle, which means that all runs executed on the thread have finished running:
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    print(await client.threads.search(status="idle",limit=1))
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    console.log(await client.threads.search({status: "idle",limit:1}));
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \  
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/search \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+    --data '{"status": "idle", "limit": 1}'
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    [{'thread_id': 'cacf79bb-4248-4d01-aabc-938dbd60ed2c',
+    'created_at': '2024-08-14T17:36:38.921660+00:00',
+    'updated_at': '2024-08-14T17:36:38.921660+00:00',
+    'metadata': {'graph_id': 'agent'},
+    'status': 'idle',
+    'config': {'configurable': {}}}]
+
+
+## Find interrupted threads
+
+We can use the following commands to find threads that have been interrupted in the middle of a run, which could either mean an error occurred before the run finished or a human-in-the-loop breakpoint was reached and the run is waiting to continue: 
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    print(await client.threads.search(status="interrupted",limit=1))
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    console.log(await client.threads.search({status: "interrupted",limit:1}));
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \  
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/search \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+    --data '{"status": "interrupted", "limit": 1}'
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    [{'thread_id': '0d282b22-bbd5-4d95-9c61-04dcc2e302a5',
+    'created_at': '2024-08-14T17:41:50.235455+00:00',
+    'updated_at': '2024-08-14T17:41:50.235455+00:00',
+    'metadata': {'graph_id': 'agent'},
+    'status': 'interrupted',
+    'config': {'configurable': {}}}]
+    
+## Find busy threads
+
+We can use the following commands to find threads that are busy, meaning they are currently handling the execution of a run:
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    print(await client.threads.search(status="busy",limit=1))
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    console.log(await client.threads.search({status: "busy",limit: 1}));
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \  
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/search \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+    --data '{"status": "busy", "limit": 1}'
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    [{'thread_id': '0d282b22-bbd5-4d95-9c61-04dcc2e302a5',
+    'created_at': '2024-08-14T17:41:50.235455+00:00',
+    'updated_at': '2024-08-14T17:41:50.235455+00:00',
+    'metadata': {'graph_id': 'agent'},
+    'status': 'busy',
+    'config': {'configurable': {}}}]
+
+## Find specific threads
+
+You may also want to check the status of specific threads, which you can do in a few ways:
+
+### Find by ID
+
+You can use the `get` function to find the status of a specific thread, as long as you have the ID saved
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    print((await client.threads.get(<THREAD_ID>))['status'])
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    console.log((await client.threads.get(<THREAD_ID>)).status);
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request GET \ 
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID> \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' | jq -r '.status'
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    'idle'
+
+### Find by metadata
+
+The search endpoint for threads also allows you to filter on metadata, which can be helpful if you use metadata to tag threads in order to keep them organized:
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    print((await client.threads.search(metadata={"foo":"bar"},limit=1))[0]['status'])
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    console.log((await client.threads.search({metadata: {"foo":"bar"},limit: 1}))[0].status);
+    ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \  
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/search \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+    --data '{"metadata": {"foo":"bar"}, "limit": 1}' | jq -r '.[0].status'
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    'idle'

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/enqueue_concurrent.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Then, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant,
     from langchain_core.messages import convert_to_messages
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Then, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant,
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
     
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_breakpoint.md

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ In this how-to we use a simple ReAct style hosted graph (you can see the full co
 
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -31,11 +31,22 @@ In this how-to we use a simple ReAct style hosted graph (you can see the full co
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent"
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 ## Adding a breakpoint
 
 We now want to add a breakpoint in our graph run, which we will do before a tool is called.
@@ -82,6 +93,42 @@ And, now let's compile it with a breakpoint before the tool node:
       console.log("\n\n");
     }
     ```
+    
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"what's the weather in sf\"}]},
+       \"interrupt_before\": [\"action\"],
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"messages\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "Receiving event of type: ", $0)
+         printf "%s...\n", $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
 
 Output:
 

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_edit_state.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
 
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -27,11 +27,22 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 ## Editing state
 
 ### Initial invocation
@@ -75,6 +86,42 @@ Now let's invoke our graph, making sure to interrupt before the `action` node.
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"search for weather in SF\"}]},
+       \"interrupt_before\": [\"action\"],
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+         event_type = $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'agent': {'messages': [{'content': [{'text': "Certainly! I'll search for the current weather in San Francisco for you using the search function. Here's how I'll do that:", 'type': 'text'}, {'id': 'toolu_01KEJMBFozSiZoS4mAcPZeqQ', 'input': {'query': 'current weather in San Francisco'}, 'name': 'search', 'type': 'tool_use'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-6dbb0167-f8f6-4e2a-ab68-229b2d1fbb64', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'search', 'args': {'query': 'current weather in San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01KEJMBFozSiZoS4mAcPZeqQ'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': None}]}}
@@ -129,10 +176,22 @@ Now, let's assume we actually meant to search for the weather in Sidi Frej (anot
     await client.threads.updateState(thread['thread_id'], {values:{"messages": lastMessage}});
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request GET --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state | \                                                                                      
+    jq '.values.messages[-1] | (.tool_calls[0].args = {"query": "current weather in Sidi Frej"})' | \
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data @-
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
-    {'configurable': {'thread_id': '88d58d3f-4151-47a9-a8e0-e42fdd3527b8',
-      'thread_ts': '1ef3274b-a809-6913-8002-91536ce6554d'}}
+    {'configurable': {'thread_id': '9c8f1a43-9dd8-4017-9271-2c53e57cf66a',
+      'checkpoint_ns': '',
+      'checkpoint_id': '1ef58e7e-3641-649f-8002-8b4305a64858'}}
 
 
 
@@ -171,6 +230,40 @@ Now we can resume our graph run but with the updated state:
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \                                                                             
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }"| \ 
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+         event_type = $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'action': {'messages': [{'content': '["I looked up: current weather in Sidi Frej. Result: It\'s sunny in San Francisco, but you better look out if you\'re a Gemini 😈."]', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'search', 'id': '1161b8d1-bee4-4188-9be8-698aecb69f10', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01KEJMBFozSiZoS4mAcPZeqQ'}]}}

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_review_tool_calls.md

@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+# Review Tool Calls
+
+Human-in-the-loop (HIL) interactions are crucial for [agentic systems](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/agentic_concepts/#human-in-the-loop). A common pattern is to add some human in the loop step after certain tool calls. These tool calls often lead to either a function call or saving of some information. Examples include:
+
+- A tool call to execute SQL, which will then be run by the tool
+- A tool call to generate a summary, which will then be saved to the State of the graph
+
+Note that using tool calls is common **whether actually calling tools or not**.
+
+There are typically a few different interactions you may want to do here:
+
+1. Approve the tool call and continue
+2. Modify the tool call manually and then continue
+3. Give natural language feedback, and then pass that back to the agent instead of continuing
+
+We can implement this in LangGraph using a [breakpoint](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/how-tos/human_in_the_loop/breakpoints/): breakpoints allow us to interrupt graph execution before a specific step. At this breakpoint, we can manually update the graph state taking one of the three options above
+
+## Setup
+
+We are not going to show the full code for the graph we are hosting, but you can see it [here](../../how-tos/human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb#simple-usage) if you want to. Once this graph is hosted, we are ready to invoke it and wait for user input. 
+
+### SDK initialization
+
+First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted graph:
+
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    from langgraph_sdk import get_client
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
+    assistant_id = "agent"
+    thread = await client.threads.create()
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
+
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
+    const assistantId = "agent";
+    const thread = await client.threads.create();
+    ```
+
+## Example with no review
+
+Let's look at an example when no review is required (because no tools are called)
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    input = { 'messages':[{ "role":"user", "content":"hi!" }] }
+
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        assistant_id,
+        input=input,
+        stream_mode="updates",
+        interrupt_before=["action"],
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const input = {"messages": [{ "role": "human", "content": "hi!"}] }
+
+    const streamResponse = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: input,
+        streamMode: "updates",
+        interruptBefore: ["action"],
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': 'hi!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '39c51f14-2d5c-4690-883a-d940854b1845', 'example': False}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': 'hi!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '39c51f14-2d5c-4690-883a-d940854b1845', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': "Hello! Welcome. How can I assist you today? Is there anything specific you'd like to know or any information you're looking for?", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'end_turn', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-d65e07fb-43ff-4d98-ab6b-6316191b9c8b', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 355, 'output_tokens': 31, 'total_tokens': 386}}]}
+
+
+If we check the state, we can see that it is finished
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    state = await client.threads.get_state(thread["thread_id"])
+
+    print(state['next'])
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const state = await client.threads.getState(thread["thread_id"]);
+
+    console.log(state.next);
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    []
+
+## Example of approving tool
+
+Let's now look at what it looks like to approve a tool call. Note that we don't need to pass an interrupt to our streaming calls because the graph (defined [here](../../how-tos/human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb#simple-usage)) was already compiled with an interrupt before the `human_review_node`.
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=input,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    const streamResponse = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: input,
+        streamMode: "values",
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '54e19d6e-89fa-44fb-b92c-12e7dd4ddf08', 'example': False}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '54e19d6e-89fa-44fb-b92c-12e7dd4ddf08', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': "Certainly! I can help you check the weather in San Francisco. To get this information, I'll use the weather search function. Let me do that for you right away.", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-45a6b6c3-ac69-42a4-8957-d982203d6392', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 90, 'total_tokens': 450}}]}
+
+
+If we now check, we can see that it is waiting on human review:
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    state = await client.threads.get_state(thread["thread_id"])
+
+    print(state['next'])
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const state = await client.threads.getState(thread["thread_id"]);
+
+    console.log(state.next);
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    ['human_review_node']
+
+To approve the tool call, we can just continue the thread with no edits. To do this, we just create a new run with no inputs.
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=None,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const streamResponse = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: undefined,
+        streamMode: "values",
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '54e19d6e-89fa-44fb-b92c-12e7dd4ddf08', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': "Certainly! I can help you check the weather in San Francisco. To get this information, I'll use the weather search function. Let me do that for you right away.", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-45a6b6c3-ac69-42a4-8957-d982203d6392', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 90, 'total_tokens': 450}}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '826cd0f2-9cc6-46f0-b7df-daa6a05d13d2', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '54e19d6e-89fa-44fb-b92c-12e7dd4ddf08', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': "Certainly! I can help you check the weather in San Francisco. To get this information, I'll use the weather search function. Let me do that for you right away.", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-45a6b6c3-ac69-42a4-8957-d982203d6392', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 90, 'total_tokens': 450}}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '826cd0f2-9cc6-46f0-b7df-daa6a05d13d2', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_015yrR3GMDXe6X8m2p9CsEDN', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': "\n\nGreat news! The weather in San Francisco is sunny today. It's a beautiful day in the city by the bay. Is there anything else you'd like to know about the weather or any other information I can help you with?", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'end_turn', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-5d5fd0f1-a939-447e-801a-9aaa812322d3', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 464, 'output_tokens': 50, 'total_tokens': 514}}]}
+
+## Edit Tool Call
+
+Let's now say we want to edit the tool call. E.g. change some of the parameters (or even the tool called!) but then execute that tool.
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=input,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    const streamResponse = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: input,
+        streamMode: "values",
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': 'cec11391-84da-464b-bd2a-bd4f0d93b9ee', 'example': False}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': 'cec11391-84da-464b-bd2a-bd4f0d93b9ee', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01SunSpDurNfcnXppWLPrtjC', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-6326da9f-6061-4e12-8586-482e32ab4cab', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01SunSpDurNfcnXppWLPrtjC', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}]}
+
+
+To do this, we first need to update the state. We can do this by passing a message in with the **same** id of the message we want to overwrite. This will have the effect of **replacing** that old message. Note that this is only possible because of the **reducer** we are using that replaces messages with the same ID - read more about that [here](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/low_level/#working-with-messages-in-graph-state).
+
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    # To get the ID of the message we want to replace, we need to fetch the current state and find it there.
+    state = await client.threads.get_state(thread['thread_id'])
+    print("Current State:")
+    print(state['values'])
+    print("\nCurrent Tool Call ID:")
+    current_content = state['values']['messages'][-1]['content']
+    current_id = state['values']['messages'][-1]['id']
+    tool_call_id = state['values']['messages'][-1]['tool_calls'][0]['id']
+    print(tool_call_id)
+
+    # We now need to construct a replacement tool call.
+    # We will change the argument to be `San Francisco, USA`
+    # Note that we could change any number of arguments or tool names - it just has to be a valid one
+    new_message = {
+        "role": "assistant", 
+        "content": current_content,
+        "tool_calls": [
+            {
+                "id": tool_call_id,
+                "name": "weather_search",
+                "args": {"city": "San Francisco, USA"}
+            }
+        ],
+        # This is important - this needs to be the same as the message you replacing!
+        # Otherwise, it will show up as a separate message
+        "id": current_id
+    }
+    await client.threads.update_state(
+        # This is the config which represents this thread
+        thread['thread_id'], 
+        # This is the updated value we want to push
+        {"messages": [new_message]}, 
+        # We push this update acting as our human_review_node
+        as_node="human_review_node"
+    )
+
+    print("\nResuming Execution")
+    # Let's now continue executing from here
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=None,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const state = await client.threads.getState(thread.thread_id);
+    console.log("Current State:");
+    console.log(state.values);
+
+    console.log("\nCurrent Tool Call ID:");
+    const lastMessage = state.values.messages[state.values.messages.length - 1];
+    const currentContent = lastMessage.content;
+    const currentId = lastMessage.id;
+    const toolCallId = lastMessage.tool_calls[0].id;
+    console.log(toolCallId);
+
+    // Construct a replacement tool call
+    const newMessage = {
+        role: "assistant",
+        content: currentContent,
+        tool_calls: [
+            {
+                id: toolCallId,
+                name: "weather_search",
+                args: { city: "San Francisco, USA" }
+            }
+        ],
+        // Ensure the ID is the same as the message you're replacing
+        id: currentId
+    };
+
+    await client.threads.updateState(
+        thread.thread_id,  // Thread ID
+        {
+        values: { "messages": [newMessage] },  // Updated message
+        asNode: "human_review_node"
+        }  // Acting as human_review_node
+    );
+
+    console.log("\nResuming Execution");
+    // Continue executing from here
+    const streamResponseResumed = client.runs.stream(
+    thread["thread_id"],
+    assistantId,
+    {
+        input: undefined,
+        streamMode: "values",
+        interruptBefore: ["action"],
+    }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponseResumed) {
+    if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+    }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    Current State:
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '8713d1fa-9b26-4eab-b768-dafdaac70590', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-ede13f26-daf5-4d8f-817a-7611075bbcf1', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}]}
+
+    Current Tool Call ID:
+    toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h
+
+    Resuming Execution
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '8713d1fa-9b26-4eab-b768-dafdaac70590', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-ede13f26-daf5-4d8f-817a-7611075bbcf1', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco, USA'}, 'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': None}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '7fc7d463-66bf-4555-9929-6af483de169b', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '8713d1fa-9b26-4eab-b768-dafdaac70590', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-ede13f26-daf5-4d8f-817a-7611075bbcf1', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco, USA'}, 'id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': None}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '7fc7d463-66bf-4555-9929-6af483de169b', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01VzagzsUGZsNMwW1wHkcw7h', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': "\n\nBased on the search result, the weather in San Francisco is sunny! It's a beautiful day in the city by the bay. Is there anything else you'd like to know about the weather or any other information I can help you with?", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'end_turn', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-d90ce97a-39f9-4330-985e-67c5f351a0c5', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 455, 'output_tokens': 52, 'total_tokens': 507}}]}
+
+## Give feedback to a tool call
+
+Sometimes, you may not want to execute a tool call, but you also may not want to ask the user to manually modify the tool call. In that case it may be better to get natural language feedback from the user. You can then insert these feedback as a mock **RESULT** of the tool call.
+
+There are multiple ways to do this:
+
+You could add a new message to the state (representing the "result" of a tool call)
+You could add TWO new messages to the state - one representing an "error" from the tool call, other HumanMessage representing the feedback
+Both are similar in that they involve adding messages to the state. The main difference lies in the logic AFTER the `human_node` and how it handles different types of messages.
+
+For this example we will just add a single tool call representing the feedback. Let's see this in action!
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=input,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const input = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "what's the weather in sf?"}]}
+
+    const streamResponse = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: input,
+        streamMode: "values",
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': 'c80f13d0-674d-4233-b6a0-3940509d3cf3', 'example': False}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': 'c80f13d0-674d-4233-b6a0-3940509d3cf3', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_016XyTdFA8NuPWeLyZPSzoM3', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-4911ac27-3d7c-4edf-a3ca-c2908e3922eb', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_016XyTdFA8NuPWeLyZPSzoM3', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}]}
+
+To do this, we first need to update the state. We can do this by passing a message in with the same **tool call id** of the tool call we want to respond to. Note that this is a **different*** ID from above
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    # To get the ID of the message we want to replace, we need to fetch the current state and find it there.
+    state = await client.threads.get_state(thread['thread_id'])
+    print("Current State:")
+    print(state['values'])
+    print("\nCurrent Tool Call ID:")
+    tool_call_id = state['values']['messages'][-1]['tool_calls'][0]['id']
+    print(tool_call_id)
+
+    # We now need to construct a replacement tool call.
+    # We will change the argument to be `San Francisco, USA`
+    # Note that we could change any number of arguments or tool names - it just has to be a valid one
+    new_message = {
+        "role": "tool", 
+        # This is our natural language feedback
+        "content": "User requested changes: pass in the country as well",
+        "name": "weather_search",
+        "tool_call_id": tool_call_id
+    }
+    await client.threads.update_state(
+        # This is the config which represents this thread
+        thread['thread_id'], 
+        # This is the updated value we want to push
+        {"messages": [new_message]}, 
+        # We push this update acting as our human_review_node
+        as_node="human_review_node"
+    )
+
+    print("\nResuming execution")
+    # Let's now continue executing from here
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=None,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const state = await client.threads.getState(thread.thread_id);
+    console.log("Current State:");
+    console.log(state.values);
+
+    console.log("\nCurrent Tool Call ID:");
+    const lastMessage = state.values.messages[state.values.messages.length - 1];
+    const toolCallId = lastMessage.tool_calls[0].id;
+    console.log(toolCallId);
+
+    // Construct a replacement tool call
+    const newMessage = {
+        role: "tool",
+        content: "User requested changes: pass in the country as well",
+        name: "weather_search",
+        tool_call_id: toolCallId,
+    };
+
+    await client.threads.updateState(
+        thread.thread_id,  // Thread ID
+        {
+        values: { "messages": [newMessage] },  // Updated message
+        asNode: "human_review_node"
+        }  // Acting as human_review_node
+    );
+
+    console.log("\nResuming Execution");
+    // Continue executing from here
+    const streamResponseEdited = client.runs.stream(
+    thread["thread_id"],
+    assistantId,
+    {
+        input: undefined,
+        streamMode: "values",
+        interruptBefore: ["action"],
+    }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponseEdited) {
+    if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+    }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    Current State:
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '3b2bbc38-d11b-49eb-80c0-c24a40dab5a8', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-c5a50900-abf5-4885-9cdb-da2bf0d892ac', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}]}
+
+    Current Tool Call ID:
+    toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX
+
+    Resuming execution
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '3b2bbc38-d11b-49eb-80c0-c24a40dab5a8', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-c5a50900-abf5-4885-9cdb-da2bf0d892ac', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}, {'content': 'User requested changes: pass in the country as well', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '787288be-213c-4fd3-8503-4a009bdb1b00', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': '\n\nI apologize for the oversight. It seems the function requires additional information. Let me try again with a more specific request.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco, USA"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-5c355a56-cfe3-4046-b49f-f5b09fc397ef', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco, USA'}, 'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 461, 'output_tokens': 83, 'total_tokens': 544}}]}
+
+We can see that we now get to another breakpoint - because it went back to the model and got an entirely new prediction of what to call. Let's now approve this one and continue
+
+=== "Python"
+
+    ```python
+    async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
+        thread["thread_id"],
+        "agent",
+        input=None,
+        stream_mode="values",
+    ):
+        if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
+            print(chunk.data)
+    ```
+
+=== "Javascript"
+
+    ```js
+    const streamResponseResumed = client.runs.stream(
+      thread["thread_id"],
+      assistantId,
+      {
+        input: undefined,
+        streamMode: "values",
+      }
+    );
+    for await (const chunk of streamResponseResumed) {
+      if (chunk.data && chunk.event !== "metadata") {
+        console.log(chunk.data);
+      }
+    }
+    ```
+
+Output:
+
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '3b2bbc38-d11b-49eb-80c0-c24a40dab5a8', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-c5a50900-abf5-4885-9cdb-da2bf0d892ac', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}, {'content': 'User requested changes: pass in the country as well', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '787288be-213c-4fd3-8503-4a009bdb1b00', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': '\n\nI apologize for the oversight. It seems the function requires additional information. Let me try again with a more specific request.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco, USA"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-5c355a56-cfe3-4046-b49f-f5b09fc397ef', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco, USA'}, 'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 461, 'output_tokens': 83, 'total_tokens': 544}}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '3b857482-bca2-4a73-a9ab-1f35a3e43e5f', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}]}
+    {'messages': [{'content': "what's the weather in sf?", 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'human', 'name': None, 'id': '3b2bbc38-d11b-49eb-80c0-c24a40dab5a8', 'example': False}, {'content': [{'text': 'To get the weather information for San Francisco, I can use the weather_search function. Let me do that for you.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-c5a50900-abf5-4885-9cdb-da2bf0d892ac', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 360, 'output_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 440}}, {'content': 'User requested changes: pass in the country as well', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '787288be-213c-4fd3-8503-4a009bdb1b00', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01NNw18j57GEGPZvsa9f1wvX', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': '\n\nI apologize for the oversight. It seems the function requires additional information. Let me try again with a more specific request.', 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}, {'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'input': {}, 'name': 'weather_search', 'type': 'tool_use', 'index': 1, 'partial_json': '{"city": "San Francisco, USA"}'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'tool_use', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-5c355a56-cfe3-4046-b49f-f5b09fc397ef', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'weather_search', 'args': {'city': 'San Francisco, USA'}, 'id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'type': 'tool_call'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 461, 'output_tokens': 83, 'total_tokens': 544}}, {'content': 'Sunny!', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'weather_search', 'id': '3b857482-bca2-4a73-a9ab-1f35a3e43e5f', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_01YAbLBoKozJyRQnB8LUMpXC', 'artifact': None, 'status': 'success'}, {'content': [{'text': "\n\nGreat news! The weather in San Francisco is sunny today. Is there anything else you'd like to know about the weather or any other information I can help you with?", 'type': 'text', 'index': 0}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {'stop_reason': 'end_turn', 'stop_sequence': None}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-6a857bb1-f65b-4b86-93d6-c025e003c777', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': {'input_tokens': 557, 'output_tokens': 38, 'total_tokens': 595}}]}

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_time_travel.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
 
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -24,11 +24,22 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = agent;
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 ## Replay a state
 
 ### Initial invocation
@@ -69,6 +80,41 @@ Before replaying a state - we need to create states to replay from! In order to
       }
     }
     ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"Please search the weather in SF\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+         event_type = $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
     
 Output:
 
@@ -100,6 +146,12 @@ Now let's get our list of states, and invoke from the third state (right before
     console.log(stateToReplay['next']);
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request GET --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/history | jq -r '.[2].next'
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     ['action']
@@ -116,7 +168,7 @@ To rerun from a state, we need to pass in the `checkpoint_id` into the config of
         assistant_id, # graph_id
         input=None,
         stream_mode="updates",
-        config={"configurable": {"thread_ts": state_to_replay['checkpoint_id']}}
+        config={"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": state_to_replay['checkpoint_id']}}
     ):
         if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
             print(chunk.data)
@@ -131,7 +183,7 @@ To rerun from a state, we need to pass in the `checkpoint_id` into the config of
       {
         input: null,
         streamMode: "updates",
-        config: {"configurable": {"thread_ts": stateToReplay['checkpoint_id']}},
+        config: {"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": stateToReplay['checkpoint_id']}},
       }
     );
     for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
@@ -141,6 +193,43 @@ To rerun from a state, we need to pass in the `checkpoint_id` into the config of
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request GET --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/history | jq -r '.[2].checkpoint_id' | {  
+    read checkpoint_id   
+    curl --request POST \                                                            
+         --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+         --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+         --data "{                     
+           \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+           \"config\": {\"configurable\": {\"checkpoint_id\": \"$checkpoint_id\"}},
+           \"stream_mode\": [
+             \"updates\"
+           ]   
+         }" | \           
+         sed 's/\r$//' | \
+         awk '      
+         /^event:/ {                                              
+             if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+                 print data_content "\n"
+             }                      
+             sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+             event_type = $0  
+             data_content = ""
+         }         
+         /^data:/ {                
+             sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+             data_content = $0
+         }    
+         END {                                                    
+             if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+                 print data_content "\n"
+             }
+         }
+         ' 
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'action': {'messages': [{'content': '["I looked up: current weather in San Francisco. Result: It\'s sunny in San Francisco, but you better look out if you\'re a Gemini 😈."]', 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'tool', 'name': 'search', 'id': 'eba650e5-400e-4938-8508-f878dcbcc532', 'tool_call_id': 'toolu_011vroKUtWU7SBdrngpgpFMn'}]}}
@@ -181,6 +270,23 @@ Let's show how to do this to edit the state at a particular point in time. Let's
     const newState = await client.threads.updateState(thread['thread_id'],{values:{"messages":[lastMessage]},checkpointId:stateToReplay['checkpoint_id']});
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl -s --request GET --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/history | \
+    jq -c '
+        .[2] as $state_to_replay |
+        .[2].values.messages[-1].tool_calls[0].args.query = "current weather in SF" |
+        {
+            values: { messages: .[2].values.messages[-1] },
+            checkpoint_id: $state_to_replay.checkpoint_id
+        }' | \
+    curl --request POST \
+        --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state \
+        --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+        --data @-
+    ```
+
 Now we can rerun our graph with this new config, starting from the `new_state`, which is a branch of our `state_to_replay`:
 
 === "Python"
@@ -191,7 +297,7 @@ Now we can rerun our graph with this new config, starting from the `new_state`,
         assistant["assistant_id"], # graph_id
         input=None,
         stream_mode="updates",
-        config={"configurable": {"thread_ts": new_state['configurable']['thread_ts']}}
+        config={"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": new_state['configurable']['checkpoint_id']}}
     ):
         if chunk.data and chunk.event != "metadata": 
             print(chunk.data)
@@ -206,7 +312,7 @@ Now we can rerun our graph with this new config, starting from the `new_state`,
       {
         input: null,
         streamMode: "updates",
-        config: {"configurable": {"thread_ts": newState['configurable']['thread_ts']}},
+        config: {"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": newState['configurable']['checkpoint_id']}},
       }
     );
     for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
@@ -216,6 +322,39 @@ Now we can rerun our graph with this new config, starting from the `new_state`,
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl -s --request GET --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state | \
+    jq -r '.config.configurable.checkpoint_id' | \
+    sh -c '
+        CHECKPOINT_ID="$1"
+        curl --request POST \
+            --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+            --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
+            --data "{\"assistant_id\": \"agent\", \"config\": {\"configurable\": {\"checkpoint_id\": \"$CHECKPOINT_ID\"}}, \"stream_mode\": [\"updates\"]}" | \
+        sed "s/\r$//" | \
+        awk "
+        /^event:/ {
+            if (data_content != \"\" && event_type != \"metadata\") {
+                print data_content \"\n\"
+            }
+            sub(/^event: /, \"\", \$0)
+            event_type = \$0
+            data_content = \"\"
+        }
+        /^data:/ {
+            sub(/^data: /, \"\", \$0)
+            data_content = \$0
+        }
+        END {
+            if (data_content != \"\" && event_type != \"metadata\") {
+                print data_content \"\n\"
+            }
+        }"
+    ' _ 
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
 

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_user_input.md

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
 
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -34,11 +34,22 @@ First, we need to setup our client so that we can communicate with our hosted gr
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 ## Waiting for user input
 
 ### Initial invocation
@@ -80,6 +91,42 @@ Now, let's invoke our graph by interrupting before `ask_human` node:
       }
     }
     ```
+
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"Use the search tool to ask the user where they are, then look up the weather there\"}]},
+       \"interrupt_before\": [\"ask_human\"],
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+         event_type = $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
     
 Output:
 
@@ -117,11 +164,31 @@ Because we are treating this as a tool call, we will need to update the state as
     await client.threads.updateState(thread['thread_id'], {values: {"messages": toolMessage}, asNode:"ask_human"})
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request GET \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state \
+     | jq -r '.values.messages[-1].tool_calls[0].id' \
+     | sh -c '
+         TOOL_CALL_ID="$1"
+         
+         # Construct the JSON payload
+         JSON_PAYLOAD=$(printf "{\"messages\": [{\"tool_call_id\": \"%s\", \"type\": \"tool\", \"content\": \"san francisco\"}], \"as_node\": \"ask_human\"}" "$TOOL_CALL_ID")
+         
+         # Send the updated state
+         curl --request POST \
+              --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/state \
+              --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
+              --data "${JSON_PAYLOAD}"
+     ' _ 
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
-    {'configurable': {'thread_id': '10d0ee61-db47-48fc-a58c-109a1e68cd73',
-      'thread_ts': '1ef32729-3cc3-6647-8002-14dcb621b46e'}}
-
+    {'configurable': {'thread_id': 'a9f322ae-4ed1-41ec-942b-38cb3d342c3a',
+    'checkpoint_ns': '',
+    'checkpoint_id': '1ef58e97-a623-63dd-8002-39a9a9b20be3'}}
 
 
 ### Invoking after receiving human input
@@ -133,7 +200,7 @@ We can now tell the agent to continue. We can just pass in None as the input to
     ```python
     async for chunk in client.runs.stream(
         thread["thread_id"],
-        assistant_id, # graph_id
+        assistant_id,
         input=None,
         stream_mode="updates",
     ):
@@ -158,6 +225,40 @@ We can now tell the agent to continue. We can just pass in None as the input to
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \                                                                             
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }"| \ 
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "", $0)
+         event_type = $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "" && event_type != "metadata") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'agent': {'messages': [{'content': [{'text': "Thank you for letting me know that you're in San Francisco. Now, I'll use the search function to look up the weather in San Francisco.", 'type': 'text'}, {'id': 'toolu_01K57ofmgG2wyJ8tYJjbq5k7', 'input': {'query': 'current weather in San Francisco'}, 'name': 'search', 'type': 'tool_use'}], 'additional_kwargs': {}, 'response_metadata': {}, 'type': 'ai', 'name': None, 'id': 'run-241baed7-db5e-44ce-ac3c-56431705c22b', 'example': False, 'tool_calls': [{'name': 'search', 'args': {'query': 'current weather in San Francisco'}, 'id': 'toolu_01K57ofmgG2wyJ8tYJjbq5k7'}], 'invalid_tool_calls': [], 'usage_metadata': None}]}}

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/index.md

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ When creating complex graphs, leaving every decision up to the LLM can be danger
 - [How to wait for user input](./human_in_the_loop_user_input.md)
 - [How to edit graph state](./human_in_the_loop_edit_state.md)
 - [How to replay and branch from prior states](./human_in_the_loop_time_travel.md)
+- [How to review tool calls](./human_in_the_loop_review_tool_calls.md)
 
 ## LangGraph Studio
 
@@ -72,3 +73,4 @@ Other guides that may prove helpful!
 - [How to configure agents](cloud_examples/configuration_cloud.ipynb)
 - [How to convert LangGraph calls to LangGraph cloud calls](cloud_examples/langgraph_to_langgraph_cloud.ipynb)
 - [How to integrate webhooks](cloud_examples/webhooks.ipynb)
+- [How to check status of your threads](./check_thread_status.md)

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/interrupt_concurrent.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     from langchain_core.messages import convert_to_messages
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/invoke_studio.md

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # Invoke Assistant
 
-The LangGraph Studio lets you test different configurations and inputs to your graph. The UI allows you to see exactly how your 
+The LangGraph Studio lets you test different configurations and inputs to your graph. It also provides a nice visualization of your graph during execution so it is easy to see which nodes are being run and what the outputs of each individual node are.
 
 1. The LangGraph Studio UI displays a visualization of the selected assistant.
-    1. In the top-right dropdown menu of the left-hand pane, select an assistant.
+    1. In the top-left dropdown menu of the left-hand pane, select an assistant.
     1. In the bottom of the left-hand pane, edit the `Input` and `Configure` the assistant.
     1. Select `Submit` to invoke the selected assistant.
 1. View output of the invocation in the right-hand pane.

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/reject_concurrent.md

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     from langchain_core.messages import convert_to_messages
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/rollback_concurrent.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     from langchain_core.messages import convert_to_messages
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     assistant_id = "agent"
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     ```
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Now, let's import our required packages and instantiate our client, assistant, a
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     const assistantId = "agent";
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     ```

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_debug.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_events.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This guide covers how to stream events from your graph (`stream_mode="events"`).
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -17,12 +17,22 @@ This guide covers how to stream events from your graph (`stream_mode="events"`).
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
 
 Output:
 
@@ -30,7 +40,9 @@ Output:
     {'thread_id': '3f4c64e0-f792-4a5e-aa07-a4404e06e0bd',
      'created_at': '2024-06-24T22:16:29.301522+00:00',
      'updated_at': '2024-06-24T22:16:29.301522+00:00',
-     'metadata': {}}
+     'metadata': {},
+     'status': 'idle',
+     'config': {}}
 
 
 
@@ -91,6 +103,41 @@ Streaming events produces responses containing an `event` key (in addition to ot
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"What's the weather in sf\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"events\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "Receiving event of type: ", $0)
+         printf "%s...\n", $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     ' 
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     Receiving new event of type: metadata...
@@ -258,9 +305,11 @@ Token-by-token streaming can be implemented with the `events` streaming mode. Th
     ):
         if (
             chunk.event == "events" and
-            chunk.data["event"] == "on_chat_model_stream"
+            chunk.data["event"] == "on_chat_model_stream" and
+            len(chunk.data["data"]["chunk"]["content"]) > 0 and
+            'text' in chunk.data["data"]["chunk"]["content"][0]
         ):
-            llm_response += chunk.data["data"]["chunk"]["content"]
+            llm_response += chunk.data["data"]["chunk"]["content"][0]['text']
             print(llm_response)
     ```
 
@@ -278,21 +327,88 @@ Token-by-token streaming can be implemented with the `events` streaming mode. Th
       }
     );
     for await (const chunk of streamResponse) {
-      if (chunk.event === "events" && chunk.data.event === "on_chat_model_stream") {
-        llmResponse += chunk.data.data.chunk.content;
+      if (chunk.event === "events" && chunk.data.event === "on_chat_model_stream" && chunk.data.chunk.content.length > 0 && 'text' in chunk.data.chunk.content[0]) {
+        llmResponse += chunk.data.data.chunk.content[0].text;
         console.log(llmResponse);
       }
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"What's the weather in sf\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"events\"
+       ]
+     }" | sed 's/\r$//' | awk '
+    /^event:/ { event = $2 }
+    /^data:/ {
+        json_data = substr($0, index($0, $2))
+
+        if (event == "events") {
+        print json_data
+        }
+    }' | jq -r '
+        select(.event == "on_chat_model_stream") |
+        .data.chunk.content[] | .text // empty
+    ' | awk '
+    BEGIN { llm_response="" }
+    $0 != "" && $0 != "null" {
+        llm_response = llm_response $0
+        print llm_response
+    }'
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
-    b
-    be
-    beg
-    begi
-    begin
-    begine
-    beginen
-    beginend
+    The
+    The search
+    The search results provide
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco.
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data,
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12,
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024,
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C).
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The win
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is bl
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 k
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph).
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70%
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km).
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km). Overall
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km). Overall, it appears
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km). Overall, it appears to be a nice
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km). Overall, it appears to be a nice sunny day in San
+    The search results provide the current weather conditions in San Francisco. According to the data, as of 3:19 PM on August 12, 2024, the weather in San Francisco is sunny with a temperature of 60.8°F (16°C). The wind is blowing from the west-southwest at 13.4 mph (21.6 kph). The humidity is 70% and visibility is 6 miles (10 km). Overall, it appears to be a nice sunny day in San Francisco.
+
 

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_messages.md

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -52,20 +52,33 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'thread_id': 'e1431c95-e241-4d1d-a252-27eceb1e5c86',
      'created_at': '2024-06-21T15:48:59.808924+00:00',
      'updated_at': '2024-06-21T15:48:59.808924+00:00',
-     'metadata': {}}
+     'metadata': {},
+     'status': 'idle',
+     'config': {}}
 
-Let's also define a helper function for better formatting of the tool calls in messages
+Let's also define a helper function for better formatting of the tool calls in messages (for CURL we will define a helper script called `process_stream.sh`)
 
 === "Python"
 
@@ -95,6 +108,69 @@ Let's also define a helper function for better formatting of the tool calls in m
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    # process_stream.sh
+
+    format_tool_calls() {
+        echo "$1" | jq -r 'map("Tool Call ID: \(.id), Function: \(.name), Arguments: \(.args)") | join("\n")'
+    }
+
+    process_data_item() {
+        local data_item="$1"
+
+        if echo "$data_item" | jq -e '.role == "user"' > /dev/null; then
+            echo "Human: $(echo "$data_item" | jq -r '.content')"
+        else
+            local tool_calls=$(echo "$data_item" | jq -r '.tool_calls // []')
+            local invalid_tool_calls=$(echo "$data_item" | jq -r '.invalid_tool_calls // []')
+            local content=$(echo "$data_item" | jq -r '.content // ""')
+            local response_metadata=$(echo "$data_item" | jq -r '.response_metadata // {}')
+
+            if [ -n "$content" ] && [ "$content" != "null" ]; then
+                echo "AI: $content"
+            fi
+
+            if [ "$tool_calls" != "[]" ]; then
+                echo "Tool Calls:"
+                format_tool_calls "$tool_calls"
+            fi
+
+            if [ "$invalid_tool_calls" != "[]" ]; then
+                echo "Invalid Tool Calls:"
+                format_tool_calls "$invalid_tool_calls"
+            fi
+
+            if [ "$response_metadata" != "{}" ]; then
+                local finish_reason=$(echo "$response_metadata" | jq -r '.finish_reason // "N/A"')
+                echo "Response Metadata: Finish Reason - $finish_reason"
+            fi
+        fi
+    }
+
+    while IFS=': ' read -r key value; do
+        case "$key" in
+            event)
+                event="$value"
+                ;;
+            data)
+                if [ "$event" = "metadata" ]; then
+                    run_id=$(echo "$value" | jq -r '.run_id')
+                    echo "Metadata: Run ID - $run_id"
+                    echo "------------------------------------------------"
+                elif [ "$event" = "messages/partial" ]; then
+                    echo "$value" | jq -c '.[]' | while read -r data_item; do
+                        process_data_item "$data_item"
+                    done
+                    echo "------------------------------------------------"
+                fi
+                ;;
+        esac
+    done
+    ```
+
+
 Now we can stream by messages, which will return complete messages (at the end of node execution) as well as tokens for any messages generated inside a node:
 
 === "Python"
@@ -201,6 +277,23 @@ Now we can stream by messages, which will return complete messages (at the end o
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+    --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+    --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+    --data "{
+    \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+    \"config\":{\"configurable\":{\"model_name\":\"openai\"}},
+    \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"What's the weather in sf\"}]},
+    \"stream_mode\": [
+    \"messages\"
+    ]
+    }" | sed 's/\r$//' | ./process_stream.sh
+    ```
+
+
 Output:
 
     Metadata: Run ID - 1ef2fe5c-6a1d-6575-bc09-d7832711c17e

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_multiple.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -20,19 +20,31 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
 
 Output:
 
     {'thread_id': 'bfc68029-1f7b-400f-beab-6f9032a52da4',
      'created_at': '2024-06-24T21:30:07.980789+00:00',
      'updated_at': '2024-06-24T21:30:07.980789+00:00',
-     'metadata': {}}
+     'metadata': {},
+     'status': 'idle',
+     'config': {}}
 
 When configuring multiple streaming modes for a run, responses for each respective mode will be produced. In the following example, note that a `list` of modes (`messages`, `events`, `debug`) is passed to the `stream_mode` parameter and the response contains `events`, `debug`, `messages/complete`, `messages/metadata`, and `messages/partial` event types.
 
@@ -90,6 +102,43 @@ When configuring multiple streaming modes for a run, responses for each respecti
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"What's the weather in SF?\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"messages\",
+         \"events\",
+         \"debug\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "Receiving event of type: ", $0)
+         printf "%s...\n", $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     Receiving new event of type: metadata...

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_updates.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -27,19 +27,31 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl:"<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
 
 Output:
 
     {'thread_id': '979e3c89-a702-4882-87c2-7a59a250ce16',
      'created_at': '2024-06-21T15:22:07.453100+00:00',
      'updated_at': '2024-06-21T15:22:07.453100+00:00',
-     'metadata': {}}
+     'metadata': {},
+     'status': 'idle',
+     'config': {}}
 
 Now we can stream by updates, which outputs updates made to the state by each node after it has executed:
 
@@ -93,6 +105,41 @@ Now we can stream by updates, which outputs updates made to the state by each no
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"What's the weather in la\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"updates\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "Receiving event of type: ", $0)
+         printf "%s...\n", $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     '
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     Receiving new event of type: metadata...

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/stream_values.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```python
     from langgraph_sdk import get_client
 
-    client = get_client(url="whatever-your-deployment-url-is")
+    client = get_client(url="<DEPLOYMENT_URL>")
     # create thread
     thread = await client.threads.create()
     print(thread)
@@ -27,18 +27,31 @@ First let's set up our client and thread:
     ```js
     import { Client } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
 
-    const client = new Client({ apiUrl: "whatever-your-deployment-url-is" });
+    const client = new Client({ apiUrl: "<DEPLOYMENT_URL>" });
     // create thread
     const thread = await client.threads.create();
     console.log(thread)
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+      --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads \
+      --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+      --data '{
+        "metadata": {}
+      }'
+    ```
+
 Output:
 
     {'thread_id': 'bfc68029-1f7b-400f-beab-6f9032a52da4',
      'created_at': '2024-06-24T21:30:07.980789+00:00',
      'updated_at': '2024-06-24T21:30:07.980789+00:00',
-     'metadata': {}}
+     'metadata': {},
+     'status': 'idle',
+     'config': {}}
 
 Now we can stream by values, which streams the full state of the graph after each node has finished executing:
 
@@ -60,7 +73,6 @@ Now we can stream by values, which streams the full state of the graph after eac
     ```
 
 === "Javascript"
-    
 
     ```js
     const input = {"messages": [{"role": "human", "content": "what's the weather in la"}]}
@@ -80,6 +92,41 @@ Now we can stream by values, which streams the full state of the graph after eac
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"what's the weather in la\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"values\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^event:/ {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+         sub(/^event: /, "Receiving event of type: ", $0)
+         printf "%s...\n", $0
+         data_content = ""
+     }
+     /^data:/ {
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)
+         data_content = $0
+     }
+     END {
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content "\n"
+         }
+     }
+     ' 
+    ```
+
 
 Output:
 
@@ -149,6 +196,34 @@ If we want to just get the final result, we can use this endpoint and just keep
     }
     ```
 
+=== "CURL"
+
+    ```bash
+    curl --request POST \
+     --url <DEPLOYMENT_URL>/threads/<THREAD_ID>/runs/stream \
+     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+     --data "{
+       \"assistant_id\": \"agent\",
+       \"input\": {\"messages\": [{\"role\": \"human\", \"content\": \"what's the weather in la\"}]},
+       \"stream_mode\": [
+         \"values\"
+       ]
+     }" | \
+     sed 's/\r$//' | \
+     awk '
+     /^data:/ { 
+         sub(/^data: /, "", $0)   
+         data_content = $0          
+     }    
+     END {                                               
+         if (data_content != "") {
+             print data_content
+         }
+     }         
+     '
+    ```
+
+
 Output:
 
     {'messages': [{'content': 'what's the weather in la',

docs/docs/cloud/index.md

@@ -6,9 +6,6 @@
     - We are actively contributing improvements back to LangGraph informed by our work on LangGraph Cloud.
     - You can always deploy LangGraph applications on your own infrastructure using the open-source LangGraph project.
 
-!!! danger "Important"
-    LangGraph Cloud is a closed source, paid product in an invite-only stage. We are currently focused on providing high bandwidth support to make our select early customers successful. If you are interested in applying for access, please fill out [this form](https://www.langchain.com/langgraph-cloud-beta).
-
 !!! warning "Under Construction"
     LangGraph Cloud documentation is under construction. Contents may change until general availability.
 

docs/docs/concepts/agentic_concepts.md

@@ -56,6 +56,25 @@ This is a pretty advanced interaction pattern. In this interaction pattern, the
 
 See [this guide](../how-tos/human_in_the_loop/time-travel.ipynb) for how to do this in LangGraph.
 
+## Review Tool Calls
+
+This is a specific type of human-in-the-loop interaction but it's worth calling out because it is so common. A lot of agent decisions are made via tool calling, so having a clear UX for reviewing tool calls is handy.
+
+A tool call consists of:
+- The name of the tool to call
+- Arguments to pass to the tool
+
+Note that these tool calls can obviously be used for actually calling functions, but they can also be used for other purposes, like to route the agent in a specific direction.
+You will want to review the tool call for both of these use cases.
+
+When reviewing tool calls, there are few actions you may want to take.
+
+1. Approve the tool call (and let the agent continue on its way)
+2. Manually change the tool call, either the tool name or the tool arguments (and let the agent continue on its way after that)
+3. Leave feedback on the tool call. This differs from (2) in that you are not changing the tool call directly, but rather leaving natural language feedback suggesting the LLM call it differently (or call a different tool). You could do this by either adding a `ToolMessage` and having the feedback be the result of the tool call, or by adding a `ToolMessage` (that simulates an error) and then a `HumanMessage` (with the feedback).
+
+See [this guide](../how-tos/human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb) for how to do this in LangGraph.
+
 ## Map-Reduce
 
 A common pattern in agents is to generate a list of objects, do some work on each of those objects, and then combine the results. This is very similar to the common [map-reduce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MapReduce) operation. This can be tricky for a few reasons. First, it can be tough to define a structured graph ahead of time because the length of the list of objects may be unknown. Second, in order to do this map-reduce you need multiple versions of the state to exist... but the graph shares a common shared state, so how can this be?

docs/docs/concepts/low_level.md

@@ -52,7 +52,11 @@ By default, all nodes in the graph will share the same state. This means that th
 
 ### Reducers
 
-Reducers are key to understanding how updates from nodes are applied to the `State`. Each key in the `State` has its own independent reducer function. If no reducer function is explicitly specified then it is assumed that all updates to that key should override it. Let's take a look at a few examples to understand them better.
+Reducers are key to understanding how updates from nodes are applied to the `State`. Each key in the `State` has its own independent reducer function. If no reducer function is explicitly specified then it is assumed that all updates to that key should override it. There are a few different types of reducers, starting with the default type of reducer:
+
+#### Default Reducer
+
+These two examples show how to use the default reducer:
 
 **Example A:**
 
@@ -79,6 +83,10 @@ class State(TypedDict):
 
 In this example, we've used the `Annotated` type to specify a reducer function (`operator.add`) for the second key (`bar`). Note that the first key remains unchanged. Let's assume the input to the graph is `{"foo": 1, "bar": ["hi"]}`. Let's then assume the first `Node` returns `{"foo": 2}`. This is treated as an update to the state. Notice that the `Node` does not need to return the whole `State` schema - just an update. After applying this update, the `State` would then be `{"foo": 2, "bar": ["hi"]}`. If the second node returns `{"bar": ["bye"]}` then the `State` would then be `{"foo": 2, "bar": ["hi", "bye"]}`. Notice here that the `bar` key is updated by adding the two lists together.
 
+#### Context Reducer
+
+You can use `Context` channels to define shared resources (such as database connections) that are managed outside of your graph's nodes and excluded from checkpointing. The context manager provided to the Context channel is entered before the first step of the graph execution and exited after the last step, allowing you to set up and clean up resources for the duration of the graph invocation. Read this [how to](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/how-tos/state-context-key) to see an example of using the `Context` channel in your graph.
+
 ### Working with Messages in Graph State
 
 #### Why use messages?
@@ -426,3 +434,6 @@ LangGraph is built with first class support for streaming. There are several dif
 - `"debug"`: This streams as much information as possible throughout the execution of the graph.
 
 In addition, you can use the [`astream_events`](../how-tos/streaming-events-from-within-tools.ipynb) method to stream back events that happen _inside_ nodes. This is useful for [streaming tokens of LLM calls](../how-tos/streaming-tokens.ipynb).
+
+!!! warning "ASYNC IN PYTHON<=3.10"
+    You may fail to see events being emitted from inside a node when using `.astream_events` in Python <= 3.10. If you're using a Langchain RunnableLambda, a RunnableGenerator, or Tool asynchronously inside your node, you will have to propagate callbacks to these objects manually. This is because LangChain cannot automatically propagate callbacks to child objects in this case. Please see examples [here](../how-tos/streaming-content.ipynb) and [here](../how-tos/streaming-events-from-within-tools.ipynb).

docs/docs/how-tos/index.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ LangGraph makes it easy to persist state across graph runs. The guide below show
 - [How to manage conversation history](memory/manage-conversation-history.ipynb)
 - [How to delete messages](memory/delete-messages.ipynb)
 - [How to add summary conversation memory](memory/add-summary-conversation-history.ipynb)
-- [How to create a custom checkpointer using Postgres](persistence_postgres.ipynb)
+- [How to use Postgres checkpointer for persistence](persistence_postgres.ipynb)
 - [How to create a custom checkpointer using MongoDB](persistence_mongodb.ipynb)
 - [How to create a custom checkpointer using Redis](persistence_redis.ipynb)
 
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ These guides cover common examples of that.
 - [How to edit graph state](human_in_the_loop/edit-graph-state.ipynb)
 - [How to wait for user input](human_in_the_loop/wait-user-input.ipynb)
 - [How to view and update past graph state](human_in_the_loop/time-travel.ipynb)
+- [Review tool calls](human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb)
 
 ## Streaming
 
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ These guides show how to use different streaming modes.
 - [How to handle tool calling errors](tool-calling-errors.ipynb)
 - [How to pass graph state to tools](pass-run-time-values-to-tools.ipynb)
 - [How to pass config to tools](pass-config-to-tools.ipynb)
+- [How to handle large numbers of tools](many-tools.ipynb)
 
 ## State Management
 

docs/docs/reference/checkpoints.md

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ You can [compile][langgraph.graph.MessageGraph.compile] any LangGraph workflow w
 - Resilience for long-running, error-prone agents
 - Time travel retry and branch from a previous checkpoint
 
+Key checkpointer interfaces and primitives are defined in [`langgraph_checkpoint`](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph/tree/main/libs/checkpoint) library.
+
 ### Checkpoint
 
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.base.Checkpoint
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ You can [compile][langgraph.graph.MessageGraph.compile] any LangGraph workflow w
 
 ### SerializerProtocol
 
-::: langgraph.checkpoint.SerializerProtocol
+::: langgraph.checkpoint.base.SerializerProtocol
 
 ## Implementations
 
@@ -33,9 +35,20 @@ LangGraph also natively provides the following checkpoint implementations.
 
 ### AsyncSqliteSaver
 
-::: langgraph.checkpoint.aiosqlite.AsyncSqliteSaver
+::: langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio.AsyncSqliteSaver
 
 ### SqliteSaver
 
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.SqliteSaver
+
+### AsyncPostgresSaver
+
+::: langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio.AsyncPostgresSaver
+
+### PostgresSaver
+
+::: langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.PostgresSaver
+handler: python
+
+
 handler: python

docs/docs/tutorials/index.md

@@ -65,4 +65,3 @@ Learn from example implementations of graphs designed for specific scenarios and
 - [Web Navigation](web-navigation/web_voyager.ipynb): Build an agent that can navigate and interact with websites
 - [Competitive Programming](usaco/usaco.ipynb): Build an agent with few-shot "episodic memory" and human-in-the-loop collaboration to solve problems from the USA Computing Olympiad; adapted from the ["Can Language Models Solve Olympiad Programming?"](https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.10952v1) paper by Shi, Tang, Narasimhan, and Yao.
 - [Complex data extraction](extraction/retries.ipynb): Build an agent that can use function calling to do complex extraction tasks
-- 

docs/mkdocs.yml

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ nav:
           - Manage conversation history: how-tos/memory/manage-conversation-history.ipynb
           - Delete messages: how-tos/memory/delete-messages.ipynb
           - Add summary of the conversation history: how-tos/memory/add-summary-conversation-history.ipynb
-          - Create custom checkpointer using Postgres: how-tos/persistence_postgres.ipynb
+          - Use Postgres checkpointer for persistence: how-tos/persistence_postgres.ipynb
           - Create custom checkpointer using MongoDB: how-tos/persistence_mongodb.ipynb
           - Create custom checkpointer using Redis: how-tos/persistence_redis.ipynb
       - Human-in-the-loop:
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ nav:
           - Wait for user input: how-tos/human_in_the_loop/wait-user-input.ipynb
           - View and update past graph state: how-tos/human_in_the_loop/time-travel.ipynb
           - Edit graph state: how-tos/human_in_the_loop/edit-graph-state.ipynb
+          - Review tool calls: how-tos/human_in_the_loop/review-tool-calls.ipynb
       - Streaming:
           - Stream full state: how-tos/stream-values.ipynb
           - Stream state updates: how-tos/stream-updates.ipynb
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@ nav:
           - Handle tool calling errors: how-tos/tool-calling-errors.ipynb
           - Pass graph state to tools: how-tos/pass-run-time-values-to-tools.ipynb
           - Pass config to tools: how-tos/pass-config-to-tools.ipynb
+          - Handle many tools: how-tos/many-tools.ipynb
       - State Management:
           - Use Pydantic model as state: how-tos/state-model.ipynb
           - Use a context object in state: how-tos/state-context-key.ipynb
@@ -189,11 +191,12 @@ nav:
           - Quick Start: "cloud/quick_start.md"
       - How-to Guides: 
           - "cloud/how-tos/index.md"
-          - Deployment:
+          - Setup:
               - Setup App: "cloud/deployment/setup.md"
               - Setup App (pyproject.toml): "cloud/deployment/setup_pyproject.md"
               - Rebuild Graph at Runtime: "cloud/deployment/graph_rebuild.md"
               - Test App Locally: "cloud/deployment/test_locally.md"
+          - Deployment:
               - Deploy to Cloud: "cloud/deployment/cloud.md"
               - Self-Host: "cloud/deployment/self_hosted.md"
           - Streaming:
@@ -213,6 +216,7 @@ nav:
               - Wait for User Input: "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_user_input.md"
               - Edit Graph State: "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_edit_state.md"
               - Replay and Branch from Prior States: "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_time_travel.md"
+              - Review Tool Calls: "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_review_tool_calls.md"
           - LangGraph Studio:
               - Test Cloud Deployment: "cloud/how-tos/test_deployment.md"
               - Test Local Deployment: "cloud/how-tos/test_local_deployment.md"
@@ -227,6 +231,7 @@ nav:
               - Configure Agents: "cloud/how-tos/cloud_examples/configuration_cloud.ipynb"
               - Convert LangGraph calls to LangGraph Cloud calls: "cloud/how-tos/cloud_examples/langgraph_to_langgraph_cloud.ipynb"
               - Integrate Webhooks: 'cloud/how-tos/cloud_examples/webhooks.ipynb'
+              - Check Status of Threads: "cloud/how-tos/check_thread_status.md"
       - Conceptual Guides:
           - API Concepts: "cloud/concepts/api.md"
           - Cloud Concepts: "cloud/concepts/cloud.md"

examples/chatbot-simulation-evaluation/agent-simulation-evaluation.ipynb

@@ -26,7 +26,10 @@
    "id": "0d30b6f7-3bec-4d9f-af50-43dfdc81ae6c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["# %%capture --no-stderr\n# %pip install -U langgraph langchain langchain_openai"]
+   "source": [
+    "# %%capture --no-stderr\n",
+    "# %pip install -U langgraph langchain langchain_openai"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -34,7 +37,24 @@
    "id": "30c2f3de-c730-4aec-85a6-af2c2f058803",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import getpass\nimport os\n\n\ndef _set_if_undefined(var: str):\n    if not os.environ.get(var):\n        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"Please provide your {var}\")\n\n\n_set_if_undefined(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n\n# Optional, add tracing in LangSmith.\n# This will help you visualize and debug the control flow\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Agent Simulation Evaluation\""]
+   "source": [
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _set_if_undefined(var: str):\n",
+    "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
+    "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"Please provide your {var}\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Optional, add tracing in LangSmith.\n",
+    "# This will help you visualize and debug the control flow\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Agent Simulation Evaluation\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -55,7 +75,24 @@
    "id": "828479af-cf9c-4888-a365-599643a96b55",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from typing import List\n\nimport openai\n\n\n# This is flexible, but you can define your agent here, or call your agent API here.\ndef my_chat_bot(messages: List[dict]) -> dict:\n    system_message = {\n        \"role\": \"system\",\n        \"content\": \"You are a customer support agent for an airline.\",\n    }\n    messages = [system_message] + messages\n    completion = openai.chat.completions.create(\n        messages=messages, model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo\"\n    )\n    return completion.choices[0].message.model_dump()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from typing import List\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import openai\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# This is flexible, but you can define your agent here, or call your agent API here.\n",
+    "def my_chat_bot(messages: List[dict]) -> dict:\n",
+    "    system_message = {\n",
+    "        \"role\": \"system\",\n",
+    "        \"content\": \"You are a customer support agent for an airline.\",\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    "    messages = [system_message] + messages\n",
+    "    completion = openai.chat.completions.create(\n",
+    "        messages=messages, model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    return completion.choices[0].message.model_dump()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -77,7 +114,9 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["my_chat_bot([{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": \"hi!\"}])"]
+   "source": [
+    "my_chat_bot([{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": \"hi!\"}])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -96,7 +135,33 @@
    "id": "32c147df-7f90-4b0d-9a6b-671677020353",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\nfrom langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n\nsystem_prompt_template = \"\"\"You are a customer of an airline company. \\\nYou are interacting with a user who is a customer support person. \\\n\n{instructions}\n\nWhen you are finished with the conversation, respond with a single word 'FINISHED'\"\"\"\n\nprompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n    [\n        (\"system\", system_prompt_template),\n        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n    ]\n)\ninstructions = \"\"\"Your name is Harrison. You are trying to get a refund for the trip you took to Alaska. \\\nYou want them to give you ALL the money back. \\\nThis trip happened 5 years ago.\"\"\"\n\nprompt = prompt.partial(name=\"Harrison\", instructions=instructions)\n\nmodel = ChatOpenAI()\n\nsimulated_user = prompt | model"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\n",
+    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "system_prompt_template = \"\"\"You are a customer of an airline company. \\\n",
+    "You are interacting with a user who is a customer support person. \\\n",
+    "\n",
+    "{instructions}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "When you are finished with the conversation, respond with a single word 'FINISHED'\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        (\"system\", system_prompt_template),\n",
+    "        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "instructions = \"\"\"Your name is Harrison. You are trying to get a refund for the trip you took to Alaska. \\\n",
+    "You want them to give you ALL the money back. \\\n",
+    "This trip happened 5 years ago.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "prompt = prompt.partial(name=\"Harrison\", instructions=instructions)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "model = ChatOpenAI()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "simulated_user = prompt | model"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -115,7 +180,12 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n\nmessages = [HumanMessage(content=\"Hi! How can I help you?\")]\nsimulated_user.invoke({\"messages\": messages})"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "messages = [HumanMessage(content=\"Hi! How can I help you?\")]\n",
+    "simulated_user.invoke({\"messages\": messages})"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -153,7 +223,20 @@
    "id": "69e2a3a3-40f3-4223-9136-113738440be9",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_community.adapters.openai import convert_message_to_dict\nfrom langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n\n\ndef chat_bot_node(messages):\n    # Convert from LangChain format to the OpenAI format, which our chatbot function expects.\n    messages = [convert_message_to_dict(m) for m in messages]\n    # Call the chat bot\n    chat_bot_response = my_chat_bot(messages)\n    # Respond with an AI Message\n    return AIMessage(content=chat_bot_response[\"content\"])"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_community.adapters.openai import convert_message_to_dict\n",
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def chat_bot_node(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    # Convert from LangChain format to the OpenAI format, which our chatbot function expects.\n",
+    "    messages = [convert_message_to_dict(m) for m in messages]\n",
+    "    # Call the chat bot\n",
+    "    chat_bot_response = my_chat_bot(messages)\n",
+    "    # Respond with an AI Message\n",
+    "    return {\"messages\":[AIMessage(content=chat_bot_response[\"content\"])]}"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -169,7 +252,26 @@
    "id": "7cad7527-ffa5-4c30-8585-b54a7a18bd98",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def _swap_roles(messages):\n    new_messages = []\n    for m in messages:\n        if isinstance(m, AIMessage):\n            new_messages.append(HumanMessage(content=m.content))\n        else:\n            new_messages.append(AIMessage(content=m.content))\n    return new_messages\n\n\ndef simulated_user_node(messages):\n    # Swap roles of messages\n    new_messages = _swap_roles(messages)\n    # Call the simulated user\n    response = simulated_user.invoke({\"messages\": new_messages})\n    # This response is an AI message - we need to flip this to be a human message\n    return HumanMessage(content=response.content)"]
+   "source": [
+    "def _swap_roles(messages):\n",
+    "    new_messages = []\n",
+    "    for m in messages:\n",
+    "        if isinstance(m, AIMessage):\n",
+    "            new_messages.append(HumanMessage(content=m.content))\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            new_messages.append(AIMessage(content=m.content))\n",
+    "    return new_messages\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def simulated_user_node(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    # Swap roles of messages\n",
+    "    new_messages = _swap_roles(messages)\n",
+    "    # Call the simulated user\n",
+    "    response = simulated_user.invoke({\"messages\": new_messages})\n",
+    "    # This response is an AI message - we need to flip this to be a human message\n",
+    "    return {\"messages\":[HumanMessage(content=response.content)]}"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -192,7 +294,16 @@
    "id": "28004fbf-a2f3-46b7-bde7-46c7adaf97fb",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def should_continue(messages):\n    if len(messages) > 6:\n        return \"end\"\n    elif messages[-1].content == \"FINISHED\":\n        return \"end\"\n    else:\n        return \"continue\""]
+   "source": [
+    "def should_continue(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    if len(messages) > 6:\n",
+    "        return \"end\"\n",
+    "    elif messages[-1].content == \"FINISHED\":\n",
+    "        return \"end\"\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return \"continue\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -210,7 +321,36 @@
    "id": "0b597e4b-4cbb-4bbc-82e5-f7e31275964c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.graph import END, MessageGraph, START\n\ngraph_builder = MessageGraph()\ngraph_builder.add_node(\"user\", simulated_user_node)\ngraph_builder.add_node(\"chat_bot\", chat_bot_node)\n# Every response from  your chat bot will automatically go to the\n# simulated user\ngraph_builder.add_edge(\"chat_bot\", \"user\")\ngraph_builder.add_conditional_edges(\n    \"user\",\n    should_continue,\n    # If the finish criteria are met, we will stop the simulation,\n    # otherwise, the virtual user's message will be sent to your chat bot\n    {\n        \"end\": END,\n        \"continue\": \"chat_bot\",\n    },\n)\n# The input will first go to your chat bot\ngraph_builder.add_edge(START, \"chat_bot\")\nsimulation = graph_builder.compile()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
+    "from typing import Annotated\n",
+    "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "graph_builder = StateGraph(State)\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_node(\"user\", simulated_user_node)\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_node(\"chat_bot\", chat_bot_node)\n",
+    "# Every response from  your chat bot will automatically go to the\n",
+    "# simulated user\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_edge(\"chat_bot\", \"user\")\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_conditional_edges(\n",
+    "    \"user\",\n",
+    "    should_continue,\n",
+    "    # If the finish criteria are met, we will stop the simulation,\n",
+    "    # otherwise, the virtual user's message will be sent to your chat bot\n",
+    "    {\n",
+    "        \"end\": END,\n",
+    "        \"continue\": \"chat_bot\",\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "# The input will first go to your chat bot\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_edge(START, \"chat_bot\")\n",
+    "simulation = graph_builder.compile()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -251,7 +391,13 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["for chunk in simulation.stream([]):\n    # Print out all events aside from the final end chunk\n    if END not in chunk:\n        print(chunk)\n        print(\"----\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "for chunk in simulation.stream({}):\n",
+    "    # Print out all events aside from the final end chunk\n",
+    "    if END not in chunk:\n",
+    "        print(chunk)\n",
+    "        print(\"----\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -259,7 +405,7 @@
    "id": "dde4f2b5-cfe8-4ff0-99ea-fe2c5fed70c0",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": [""]
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {

examples/chatbots/customer-support.ipynb

@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@
     "scrolled": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["%%capture --no-stderr\n%pip install -U langgraph langchain-community langchain-openai scikit-learn"]
+   "source": [
+    "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
+    "%pip install -U langgraph langchain-community langchain-openai scikit-learn"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -48,7 +51,15 @@
    "id": "3d1ef253-6b0c-4481-868c-e1fe84f2c8ff",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import requests\n\nurl = \"https://storage.googleapis.com/benchmarks-artifacts/chinook/Chinook.db\"\nresponse = requests.get(url)\n\nwith open(\"Chinook.db\", \"wb\") as file:\n    file.write(response.content)"]
+   "source": [
+    "import requests\n",
+    "\n",
+    "url = \"https://storage.googleapis.com/benchmarks-artifacts/chinook/Chinook.db\"\n",
+    "response = requests.get(url)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "with open(\"Chinook.db\", \"wb\") as file:\n",
+    "    file.write(response.content)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -77,7 +88,12 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from langchain_community.utilities import SQLDatabase\n\ndb = SQLDatabase.from_uri(\"sqlite:///Chinook.db\")\ndb.get_usable_table_names()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_community.utilities import SQLDatabase\n",
+    "\n",
+    "db = SQLDatabase.from_uri(\"sqlite:///Chinook.db\")\n",
+    "db.get_usable_table_names()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -96,7 +112,11 @@
    "id": "d9ea4e80-30e6-4d46-b480-35f0be2fb055",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n\nmodel = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, streaming=True, model=\"gpt-4o\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, streaming=True, model=\"gpt-4o\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -118,7 +138,9 @@
    "id": "ea958e9f-ab1f-49b5-bd85-16332055297c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage, SystemMessage"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage, SystemMessage"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -137,7 +159,12 @@
    "id": "975b039a",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["# This tool is given to the agent to look up information about a customer\ndef get_customer_info(customer_id: int):\n    \"\"\"Look up customer info given their ID. ALWAYS make sure you have the customer ID before invoking this.\"\"\"\n    return db.run(f\"SELECT * FROM Customer WHERE CustomerID = {customer_id};\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "# This tool is given to the agent to look up information about a customer\n",
+    "def get_customer_info(customer_id: int):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Look up customer info given their ID. ALWAYS make sure you have the customer ID before invoking this.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    return db.run(f\"SELECT * FROM Customer WHERE CustomerID = {customer_id};\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -145,7 +172,20 @@
    "id": "1d5fa446",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["customer_prompt = \"\"\"Your job is to help a user update their profile.\n\nYou only have certain tools you can use. These tools require specific input. If you don't know the required input, then ask the user for it.\n\nIf you are unable to help the user, you can \"\"\"\n\n\ndef get_customer_messages(messages):\n    return [SystemMessage(content=customer_prompt)] + messages\n\n\ncustomer_chain = get_customer_messages | model.bind_tools([get_customer_info])"]
+   "source": [
+    "customer_prompt = \"\"\"Your job is to help a user update their profile.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "You only have certain tools you can use. These tools require specific input. If you don't know the required input, then ask the user for it.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "If you are unable to help the user, you can \"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def get_customer_messages(messages):\n",
+    "    return [SystemMessage(content=customer_prompt)] + messages\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "customer_chain = get_customer_messages | model.bind_tools([get_customer_info])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -166,7 +206,19 @@
    "id": "a8604a3b-b484-4b2b-a914-4236cb98c524",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_community.vectorstores import SKLearnVectorStore\nfrom langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings\n\nartists = db._execute(\"select * from Artist\")\nsongs = db._execute(\"select * from Track\")\nartist_retriever = SKLearnVectorStore.from_texts(\n    [a[\"Name\"] for a in artists], OpenAIEmbeddings(), metadatas=artists\n).as_retriever()\nsong_retriever = SKLearnVectorStore.from_texts(\n    [a[\"Name\"] for a in songs], OpenAIEmbeddings(), metadatas=songs\n).as_retriever()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_community.vectorstores import SKLearnVectorStore\n",
+    "from langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings\n",
+    "\n",
+    "artists = db._execute(\"select * from Artist\")\n",
+    "songs = db._execute(\"select * from Track\")\n",
+    "artist_retriever = SKLearnVectorStore.from_texts(\n",
+    "    [a[\"Name\"] for a in artists], OpenAIEmbeddings(), metadatas=artists\n",
+    ").as_retriever()\n",
+    "song_retriever = SKLearnVectorStore.from_texts(\n",
+    "    [a[\"Name\"] for a in songs], OpenAIEmbeddings(), metadatas=songs\n",
+    ").as_retriever()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -182,7 +234,16 @@
    "id": "0a2a2b74",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def get_albums_by_artist(artist):\n    \"\"\"Get albums by an artist (or similar artists).\"\"\"\n    docs = artist_retriever.get_relevant_documents(artist)\n    artist_ids = \", \".join([str(d.metadata[\"ArtistId\"]) for d in docs])\n    return db.run(\n        f\"SELECT Title, Name FROM Album LEFT JOIN Artist ON Album.ArtistId = Artist.ArtistId WHERE Album.ArtistId in ({artist_ids});\",\n        include_columns=True,\n    )"]
+   "source": [
+    "def get_albums_by_artist(artist):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Get albums by an artist (or similar artists).\"\"\"\n",
+    "    docs = artist_retriever.get_relevant_documents(artist)\n",
+    "    artist_ids = \", \".join([str(d.metadata[\"ArtistId\"]) for d in docs])\n",
+    "    return db.run(\n",
+    "        f\"SELECT Title, Name FROM Album LEFT JOIN Artist ON Album.ArtistId = Artist.ArtistId WHERE Album.ArtistId in ({artist_ids});\",\n",
+    "        include_columns=True,\n",
+    "    )"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -198,7 +259,16 @@
    "id": "da533f50",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def get_tracks_by_artist(artist):\n    \"\"\"Get songs by an artist (or similar artists).\"\"\"\n    docs = artist_retriever.invoke(artist)\n    artist_ids = \", \".join([str(d.metadata[\"ArtistId\"]) for d in docs])\n    return db.run(\n        f\"SELECT Track.Name as SongName, Artist.Name as ArtistName FROM Album LEFT JOIN Artist ON Album.ArtistId = Artist.ArtistId LEFT JOIN Track ON Track.AlbumId = Album.AlbumId WHERE Album.ArtistId in ({artist_ids});\",\n        include_columns=True,\n    )"]
+   "source": [
+    "def get_tracks_by_artist(artist):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Get songs by an artist (or similar artists).\"\"\"\n",
+    "    docs = artist_retriever.invoke(artist)\n",
+    "    artist_ids = \", \".join([str(d.metadata[\"ArtistId\"]) for d in docs])\n",
+    "    return db.run(\n",
+    "        f\"SELECT Track.Name as SongName, Artist.Name as ArtistName FROM Album LEFT JOIN Artist ON Album.ArtistId = Artist.ArtistId LEFT JOIN Track ON Track.AlbumId = Album.AlbumId WHERE Album.ArtistId in ({artist_ids});\",\n",
+    "        include_columns=True,\n",
+    "    )"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -214,7 +284,11 @@
    "id": "b3c07010",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def check_for_songs(song_title):\n    \"\"\"Check if a song exists by its name.\"\"\"\n    return song_retriever.invoke(song_title)"]
+   "source": [
+    "def check_for_songs(song_title):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Check if a song exists by its name.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    return song_retriever.invoke(song_title)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -230,7 +304,23 @@
    "id": "72a14d5c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["song_system_message = \"\"\"Your job is to help a customer find any songs they are looking for. \n\nYou only have certain tools you can use. If a customer asks you to look something up that you don't know how, politely tell them what you can help with.\n\nWhen looking up artists and songs, sometimes the artist/song will not be found. In that case, the tools will return information \\\non similar songs and artists. This is intentional, it is not the tool messing up.\"\"\"\n\n\ndef get_song_messages(messages):\n    return [SystemMessage(content=song_system_message)] + messages\n\n\nsong_recc_chain = get_song_messages | model.bind_tools(\n    [get_albums_by_artist, get_tracks_by_artist, check_for_songs]\n)"]
+   "source": [
+    "song_system_message = \"\"\"Your job is to help a customer find any songs they are looking for. \n",
+    "\n",
+    "You only have certain tools you can use. If a customer asks you to look something up that you don't know how, politely tell them what you can help with.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "When looking up artists and songs, sometimes the artist/song will not be found. In that case, the tools will return information \\\n",
+    "on similar songs and artists. This is intentional, it is not the tool messing up.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def get_song_messages(messages):\n",
+    "    return [SystemMessage(content=song_system_message)] + messages\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "song_recc_chain = get_song_messages | model.bind_tools(\n",
+    "    [get_albums_by_artist, get_tracks_by_artist, check_for_songs]\n",
+    ")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -249,7 +339,10 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! can you help me find songs by amy whinehouse?\")]\nsong_recc_chain.invoke(msgs)"]
+   "source": [
+    "msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! can you help me find songs by amy whinehouse?\")]\n",
+    "song_recc_chain.invoke(msgs)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -267,7 +360,32 @@
    "id": "73e74268",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage, SystemMessage\nfrom langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field\n\n\nclass Router(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"Call this if you are able to route the user to the appropriate representative.\"\"\"\n\n    choice: str = Field(description=\"should be one of: music, customer\")\n\n\nsystem_message = \"\"\"Your job is to help as a customer service representative for a music store.\n\nYou should interact politely with customers to try to figure out how you can help. You can help in a few ways:\n\n- Updating user information: if a customer wants to update the information in the user database. Call the router with `customer`\n- Recommending music: if a customer wants to find some music or information about music. Call the router with `music`\n\nIf the user is asking or wants to ask about updating or accessing their information, send them to that route.\nIf the user is asking or wants to ask about music, send them to that route.\nOtherwise, respond.\"\"\"\n\n\ndef get_messages(messages):\n    return [SystemMessage(content=system_message)] + messages"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage, SystemMessage\n",
+    "from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class Router(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Call this if you are able to route the user to the appropriate representative.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    choice: str = Field(description=\"should be one of: music, customer\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "system_message = \"\"\"Your job is to help as a customer service representative for a music store.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "You should interact politely with customers to try to figure out how you can help. You can help in a few ways:\n",
+    "\n",
+    "- Updating user information: if a customer wants to update the information in the user database. Call the router with `customer`\n",
+    "- Recommending music: if a customer wants to find some music or information about music. Call the router with `music`\n",
+    "\n",
+    "If the user is asking or wants to ask about updating or accessing their information, send them to that route.\n",
+    "If the user is asking or wants to ask about music, send them to that route.\n",
+    "Otherwise, respond.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def get_messages(messages):\n",
+    "    return [SystemMessage(content=system_message)] + messages"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -275,7 +393,9 @@
    "id": "ddf27314",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["chain = get_messages | model.bind_tools([Router])"]
+   "source": [
+    "chain = get_messages | model.bind_tools([Router])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -294,7 +414,10 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! can you help me find a good song?\")]\nchain.invoke(msgs)"]
+   "source": [
+    "msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! can you help me find a good song?\")]\n",
+    "chain.invoke(msgs)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -313,7 +436,10 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! what's the email you have for me?\")]\nchain.invoke(msgs)"]
+   "source": [
+    "msgs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! what's the email you have for me?\")]\n",
+    "chain.invoke(msgs)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -321,7 +447,15 @@
    "id": "bd6ddd8b-7500-46a7-811d-3bcb937bda51",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n\n\ndef add_name(message, name):\n    _dict = message.dict()\n    _dict[\"name\"] = name\n    return AIMessage(**_dict)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def add_name(message, name):\n",
+    "    _dict = message.dict()\n",
+    "    _dict[\"name\"] = name\n",
+    "    return AIMessage(**_dict)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -329,7 +463,45 @@
    "id": "27494de5-8345-4c23-bc0e-81e0dd5d47d8",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import json\n\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, START\n\n\ndef _get_last_ai_message(messages):\n    for m in messages[::-1]:\n        if isinstance(m, AIMessage):\n            return m\n    return None\n\n\ndef _is_tool_call(msg):\n    return hasattr(msg, \"additional_kwargs\") and \"tool_calls\" in msg.additional_kwargs\n\n\ndef _route(messages):\n    last_message = messages[-1]\n    if isinstance(last_message, AIMessage):\n        if not last_message.tool_calls:\n            return END\n        else:\n            if last_message.name == \"general\":\n                if len(last_message.tool_calls) > 1:\n                    raise ValueError(\"Too many tools\")\n                return last_message.tool_calls[0][\"args\"][\"choice\"]\n            else:\n                return \"tools\"\n    last_m = _get_last_ai_message(messages)\n    if last_m is None:\n        return \"general\"\n    if last_m.name == \"music\":\n        return \"music\"\n    elif last_m.name == \"customer\":\n        return \"customer\"\n    else:\n        return \"general\""]
+   "source": [
+    "import json\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph import END, START\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _get_last_ai_message(messages):\n",
+    "    for m in messages[::-1]:\n",
+    "        if isinstance(m, AIMessage):\n",
+    "            return m\n",
+    "    return None\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _is_tool_call(msg):\n",
+    "    return hasattr(msg, \"additional_kwargs\") and \"tool_calls\" in msg.additional_kwargs\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _route(messages):\n",
+    "    last_message = messages[-1]\n",
+    "    if isinstance(last_message, AIMessage):\n",
+    "        if not last_message.tool_calls:\n",
+    "            return END\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            if last_message.name == \"general\":\n",
+    "                if len(last_message.tool_calls) > 1:\n",
+    "                    raise ValueError(\"Too many tools\")\n",
+    "                return last_message.tool_calls[0][\"args\"][\"choice\"]\n",
+    "            else:\n",
+    "                return \"tools\"\n",
+    "    last_m = _get_last_ai_message(messages)\n",
+    "    if last_m is None:\n",
+    "        return \"general\"\n",
+    "    if last_m.name == \"music\":\n",
+    "        return \"music\"\n",
+    "    elif last_m.name == \"customer\":\n",
+    "        return \"customer\"\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return \"general\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -337,7 +509,12 @@
    "id": "8aec704a-46fe-4fb3-bdee-11c3bbffc370",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n\ntools = [get_albums_by_artist, get_tracks_by_artist, check_for_songs, get_customer_info]\ntool_node = ToolNode(tools)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tools = [get_albums_by_artist, get_tracks_by_artist, check_for_songs, get_customer_info]\n",
+    "tool_node = ToolNode(tools)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -345,7 +522,16 @@
    "id": "4d5b75c6-73e0-4922-a765-a15be63f869e",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["def _filter_out_routes(messages):\n    ms = []\n    for m in messages:\n        if _is_tool_call(m):\n            if m.name == \"general\":\n                continue\n        ms.append(m)\n    return ms"]
+   "source": [
+    "def _filter_out_routes(messages):\n",
+    "    ms = []\n",
+    "    for m in messages:\n",
+    "        if _is_tool_call(m):\n",
+    "            if m.name == \"general\":\n",
+    "                continue\n",
+    "        ms.append(m)\n",
+    "    return ms"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -353,7 +539,13 @@
    "id": "fd4dbf98-dbb3-411a-bad6-2bb334072aaf",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from functools import partial\n\ngeneral_node = _filter_out_routes | chain | partial(add_name, name=\"general\")\nmusic_node = _filter_out_routes | song_recc_chain | partial(add_name, name=\"music\")\ncustomer_node = _filter_out_routes | customer_chain | partial(add_name, name=\"customer\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "from functools import partial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "general_node = _filter_out_routes | chain | partial(add_name, name=\"general\")\n",
+    "music_node = _filter_out_routes | song_recc_chain | partial(add_name, name=\"music\")\n",
+    "customer_node = _filter_out_routes | customer_chain | partial(add_name, name=\"customer\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -361,7 +553,33 @@
    "id": "dcade924",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n\nfrom langgraph.graph import MessageGraph\n\nmemory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\ngraph = MessageGraph()\nnodes = {\n    \"general\": \"general\",\n    \"music\": \"music\",\n    END: END,\n    \"tools\": \"tools\",\n    \"customer\": \"customer\",\n}\n# Define a new graph\nworkflow = MessageGraph()\nworkflow.add_node(\"general\", general_node)\nworkflow.add_node(\"music\", music_node)\nworkflow.add_node(\"customer\", customer_node)\nworkflow.add_node(\"tools\", tool_node)\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\"general\", _route, nodes)\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\"tools\", _route, nodes)\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\"music\", _route, nodes)\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\"customer\", _route, nodes)\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(START, _route, nodes)\ngraph = workflow.compile()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph import MessageGraph\n",
+    "\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
+    "graph = MessageGraph()\n",
+    "nodes = {\n",
+    "    \"general\": \"general\",\n",
+    "    \"music\": \"music\",\n",
+    "    END: END,\n",
+    "    \"tools\": \"tools\",\n",
+    "    \"customer\": \"customer\",\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "# Define a new graph\n",
+    "workflow = MessageGraph()\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"general\", general_node)\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"music\", music_node)\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"customer\", customer_node)\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"tools\", tool_node)\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\"general\", _route, nodes)\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\"tools\", _route, nodes)\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\"music\", _route, nodes)\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\"customer\", _route, nodes)\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(START, _route, nodes)\n",
+    "graph = workflow.compile()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -370,7 +588,7 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
-     "name": "stdin",
+     "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "User (q/Q to quit):  what music do you have?\n"
@@ -395,7 +613,7 @@
      ]
     },
     {
-     "name": "stdin",
+     "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "User (q/Q to quit):  how about shakira?\n"
@@ -446,7 +664,7 @@
      ]
     },
     {
-     "name": "stdin",
+     "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "User (q/Q to quit):  hm cool\n"
@@ -483,7 +701,7 @@
      ]
     },
     {
-     "name": "stdin",
+     "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "User (q/Q to quit):  q\n"
@@ -497,7 +715,27 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["import uuid\n\nfrom langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n\nfrom langgraph.graph.graph import START\n\nhistory = []\nwhile True:\n    user = input(\"User (q/Q to quit): \")\n    if user in {\"q\", \"Q\"}:\n        print(\"AI: Byebye\")\n        break\n    history.append(HumanMessage(content=user))\n    async for output in graph.astream(history):\n        for key, value in output.items():\n            print(f\"Output from node '{key}':\")\n            print(\"---\")\n            print(value)\n        print(\"\\n---\\n\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "import uuid\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.graph import START\n",
+    "\n",
+    "history = []\n",
+    "while True:\n",
+    "    user = input(\"User (q/Q to quit): \")\n",
+    "    if user in {\"q\", \"Q\"}:\n",
+    "        print(\"AI: Byebye\")\n",
+    "        break\n",
+    "    history.append(HumanMessage(content=user))\n",
+    "    async for output in graph.astream(history):\n",
+    "        for key, value in output.items():\n",
+    "            print(f\"Output from node '{key}':\")\n",
+    "            print(\"---\")\n",
+    "            print(value)\n",
+    "        print(\"\\n---\\n\")"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {

examples/chatbots/information-gather-prompting.ipynb

@@ -176,11 +176,17 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
-    "from langgraph.graph import START, MessageGraph\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
+    "from typing import Annotated\n",
+    "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
-    "workflow = MessageGraph()\n",
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
+    "workflow = StateGraph(State)\n",
     "workflow.add_node(\"info\", chain)\n",
     "workflow.add_node(\"prompt\", prompt_gen_chain)\n",
     "\n",

examples/code_assistant/langgraph_code_assistant_mistral.ipynb

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
    "id": "2dff2209-44c7-4e2c-b607-ba6675f9e45f",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(GraphState)\n\n# Define the nodes\nbuilder.add_node(\"generate\", generate)  # generation solution\nbuilder.add_node(\"check_code\", code_check)  # check code\n\n# Build graph\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"generate\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"generate\", \"check_code\")\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\n    \"check_code\",\n    decide_to_finish,\n    {\n        \"end\": END,\n        \"generate\": \"generate\",\n    },\n)\n\nmemory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\ngraph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)"]
+   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(GraphState)\n\n# Define the nodes\nbuilder.add_node(\"generate\", generate)  # generation solution\nbuilder.add_node(\"check_code\", code_check)  # check code\n\n# Build graph\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"generate\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"generate\", \"check_code\")\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\n    \"check_code\",\n    decide_to_finish,\n    {\n        \"end\": END,\n        \"generate\": \"generate\",\n    },\n)\n\nmemory = MemorySaver()\ngraph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)"]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",

examples/create-react-agent-hitl.ipynb

@@ -1,247 +1,247 @@
 {
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "992c4695-ec4f-428d-bd05-fb3b5fbd70f4",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# How to add human-in-the-loop processes to the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "This tutorial will show how to add human-in-the-loop processes to the prebuilt ReAct agent. Please see [this tutorial](./create-react-agent.ipynb) for how to get started with the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "You can add a a breakpoint before tools are called by passing `interrupt_before=[\"tools\"]` to `create_react_agent`. Note that you need to be using a checkpointer for this to work."
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "7be3889f-3c17-4fa1-bd2b-84114a2c7247",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Setup"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "id": "a213e11a-5c62-4ddb-a707-490d91add383",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
-    "%pip install -U langgraph langchain-openai"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "id": "23a1885c-04ab-4750-aefa-105891fddf3e",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+  "cells": [
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "OPENAI_API_KEY:  ········\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import getpass\n",
-    "import os\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def _set_env(var: str):\n",
-    "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
-    "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Recommended\n",
-    "_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
-    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
-    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Create ReAct Agent Tutorial\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "03c0f089-070c-4cd4-87e0-6c51f2477b82",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Code"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "id": "7a154152-973e-4b5d-aa13-48c617744a4c",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# First we initialize the model we want to use.\n",
-    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
-    "\n",
-    "model = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\", temperature=0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# For this tutorial we will use custom tool that returns pre-defined values for weather in two cities (NYC & SF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from typing import Literal\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "@tool\n",
-    "def get_weather(city: Literal[\"nyc\", \"sf\"]):\n",
-    "    \"\"\"Use this to get weather information.\"\"\"\n",
-    "    if city == \"nyc\":\n",
-    "        return \"It might be cloudy in nyc\"\n",
-    "    elif city == \"sf\":\n",
-    "        return \"It's always sunny in sf\"\n",
-    "    else:\n",
-    "        raise AssertionError(\"Unknown city\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tools = [get_weather]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# We need a checkpointer to enable human-in-the-loop patterns\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint import MemorySaver\n",
-    "\n",
-    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Define the graph\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "graph = create_react_agent(\n",
-    "    model, tools=tools, interrupt_before=[\"tools\"], checkpointer=memory\n",
-    ")"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "00407425-506d-4ffd-9c86-987921d8c844",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Usage\n"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "id": "16636975-5f2d-4dc7-ab8e-d0bea0830a28",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "def print_stream(stream):\n",
-    "    for s in stream:\n",
-    "        message = s[\"messages\"][-1]\n",
-    "        if isinstance(message, tuple):\n",
-    "            print(message)\n",
-    "        else:\n",
-    "            message.pretty_print()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "id": "9ffff6c3-a4f5-47c9-b51d-97caaee85cd6",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "992c4695-ec4f-428d-bd05-fb3b5fbd70f4",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "# How to add human-in-the-loop processes to the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "This tutorial will show how to add human-in-the-loop processes to the prebuilt ReAct agent. Please see [this tutorial](./create-react-agent.ipynb) for how to get started with the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "You can add a a breakpoint before tools are called by passing `interrupt_before=[\"tools\"]` to `create_react_agent`. Note that you need to be using a checkpointer for this to work."
+      ]
+    },
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "What's the weather in SF?\n",
-      "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
-      "Tool Calls:\n",
-      "  get_weather (call_0OMmuTLec9t8kxMVkllZCSxo)\n",
-      " Call ID: call_0OMmuTLec9t8kxMVkllZCSxo\n",
-      "  Args:\n",
-      "    city: sf\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "config = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"42\"}}\n",
-    "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's the weather in SF?\")]}\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "id": "3decf001-7228-4ed5-8779-2b9ed98a74ea",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "7be3889f-3c17-4fa1-bd2b-84114a2c7247",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Setup"
+      ]
+    },
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "Next step:  ('tools',)\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "snapshot = graph.get_state(config)\n",
-    "print(\"Next step: \", snapshot.next)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "id": "83148e08-63e8-49e5-a08b-02dc907bed1d",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 1,
+      "id": "a213e11a-5c62-4ddb-a707-490d91add383",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
+        "%pip install -U langgraph langchain-openai"
+      ]
+    },
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "=================================\u001b[1m Tool Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
-      "Name: get_weather\n",
-      "\n",
-      "It's always sunny in sf\n",
-      "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The weather in San Francisco is currently sunny.\n"
-     ]
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 2,
+      "id": "23a1885c-04ab-4750-aefa-105891fddf3e",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "OPENAI_API_KEY:  ········\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "import getpass\n",
+        "import os\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "def _set_env(var: str):\n",
+        "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
+        "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# Recommended\n",
+        "_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
+        "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+        "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Create ReAct Agent Tutorial\""
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "03c0f089-070c-4cd4-87e0-6c51f2477b82",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Code"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 3,
+      "id": "7a154152-973e-4b5d-aa13-48c617744a4c",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "# First we initialize the model we want to use.\n",
+        "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+        "\n",
+        "model = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\", temperature=0)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# For this tutorial we will use custom tool that returns pre-defined values for weather in two cities (NYC & SF)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from typing import Literal\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "@tool\n",
+        "def get_weather(city: Literal[\"nyc\", \"sf\"]):\n",
+        "    \"\"\"Use this to get weather information.\"\"\"\n",
+        "    if city == \"nyc\":\n",
+        "        return \"It might be cloudy in nyc\"\n",
+        "    elif city == \"sf\":\n",
+        "        return \"It's always sunny in sf\"\n",
+        "    else:\n",
+        "        raise AssertionError(\"Unknown city\")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "tools = [get_weather]\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# We need a checkpointer to enable human-in-the-loop patterns\n",
+        "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
+        "\n",
+        "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# Define the graph\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "graph = create_react_agent(\n",
+        "    model, tools=tools, interrupt_before=[\"tools\"], checkpointer=memory\n",
+        ")"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "00407425-506d-4ffd-9c86-987921d8c844",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Usage\n"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 2,
+      "id": "16636975-5f2d-4dc7-ab8e-d0bea0830a28",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "def print_stream(stream):\n",
+        "    for s in stream:\n",
+        "        message = s[\"messages\"][-1]\n",
+        "        if isinstance(message, tuple):\n",
+        "            print(message)\n",
+        "        else:\n",
+        "            message.pretty_print()"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 4,
+      "id": "9ffff6c3-a4f5-47c9-b51d-97caaee85cd6",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "What's the weather in SF?\n",
+            "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
+            "Tool Calls:\n",
+            "  get_weather (call_0OMmuTLec9t8kxMVkllZCSxo)\n",
+            " Call ID: call_0OMmuTLec9t8kxMVkllZCSxo\n",
+            "  Args:\n",
+            "    city: sf\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "config = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"42\"}}\n",
+        "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's the weather in SF?\")]}\n",
+        "\n",
+        "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 5,
+      "id": "3decf001-7228-4ed5-8779-2b9ed98a74ea",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "Next step:  ('tools',)\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "snapshot = graph.get_state(config)\n",
+        "print(\"Next step: \", snapshot.next)"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 6,
+      "id": "83148e08-63e8-49e5-a08b-02dc907bed1d",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "=================================\u001b[1m Tool Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+            "Name: get_weather\n",
+            "\n",
+            "It's always sunny in sf\n",
+            "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "The weather in San Francisco is currently sunny.\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "print_stream(graph.stream(None, config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": null,
+      "id": "6f6f8965-b016-4e25-be63-31c00fc0a6de",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": []
+    }
+  ],
+  "metadata": {
+    "kernelspec": {
+      "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+      "language": "python",
+      "name": "python3"
+    },
+    "language_info": {
+      "codemirror_mode": {
+        "name": "ipython",
+        "version": 3
+      },
+      "file_extension": ".py",
+      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+      "name": "python",
+      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+      "version": "3.11.1"
     }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "print_stream(graph.stream(None, config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
-   ]
   },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "id": "6f6f8965-b016-4e25-be63-31c00fc0a6de",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.1"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 5
+  "nbformat": 4,
+  "nbformat_minor": 5
 }

examples/create-react-agent-memory.ipynb

@@ -1,255 +1,255 @@
 {
- "cells": [
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "992c4695-ec4f-428d-bd05-fb3b5fbd70f4",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "# How to add memory to the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "This tutorial will show how to add memory to the prebuilt ReAct agent. Please see [this tutorial](./create-react-agent.ipynb) for how to get started with the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "All we need to do to enable memory is pass in a checkpointer to `create_react_agents`"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "7be3889f-3c17-4fa1-bd2b-84114a2c7247",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Setup"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
-   "id": "a213e11a-5c62-4ddb-a707-490d91add383",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
-    "%pip install -U langgraph langchain-openai"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
-   "id": "23a1885c-04ab-4750-aefa-105891fddf3e",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+  "cells": [
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "OPENAI_API_KEY:  ········\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "import getpass\n",
-    "import os\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "def _set_env(var: str):\n",
-    "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
-    "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Recommended\n",
-    "_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
-    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
-    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Create ReAct Agent Tutorial\""
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "03c0f089-070c-4cd4-87e0-6c51f2477b82",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Code"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
-   "id": "7a154152-973e-4b5d-aa13-48c617744a4c",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "# First we initialize the model we want to use.\n",
-    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
-    "\n",
-    "model = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\", temperature=0)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# For this tutorial we will use custom tool that returns pre-defined values for weather in two cities (NYC & SF)\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from typing import Literal\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "@tool\n",
-    "def get_weather(city: Literal[\"nyc\", \"sf\"]):\n",
-    "    \"\"\"Use this to get weather information.\"\"\"\n",
-    "    if city == \"nyc\":\n",
-    "        return \"It might be cloudy in nyc\"\n",
-    "    elif city == \"sf\":\n",
-    "        return \"It's always sunny in sf\"\n",
-    "    else:\n",
-    "        raise AssertionError(\"Unknown city\")\n",
-    "\n",
-    "\n",
-    "tools = [get_weather]\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# We can add \"chat memory\" to the graph with LangGraph's checkpointer\n",
-    "# to retain the chat context between interactions\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint import MemorySaver\n",
-    "\n",
-    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
-    "\n",
-    "# Define the graph\n",
-    "\n",
-    "from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent\n",
-    "\n",
-    "graph = create_react_agent(model, tools=tools, checkpointer=memory)"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "00407425-506d-4ffd-9c86-987921d8c844",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "## Usage\n",
-    "\n",
-    "Let's interact with it multiple times to show that it can remember"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
-   "id": "16636975-5f2d-4dc7-ab8e-d0bea0830a28",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": [
-    "def print_stream(stream):\n",
-    "    for s in stream:\n",
-    "        message = s[\"messages\"][-1]\n",
-    "        if isinstance(message, tuple):\n",
-    "            print(message)\n",
-    "        else:\n",
-    "            message.pretty_print()"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
-   "id": "9ffff6c3-a4f5-47c9-b51d-97caaee85cd6",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "992c4695-ec4f-428d-bd05-fb3b5fbd70f4",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "# How to add memory to the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "This tutorial will show how to add memory to the prebuilt ReAct agent. Please see [this tutorial](./create-react-agent.ipynb) for how to get started with the prebuilt ReAct agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "All we need to do to enable memory is pass in a checkpointer to `create_react_agents`"
+      ]
+    },
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "What's the weather in NYC?\n",
-      "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
-      "Tool Calls:\n",
-      "  get_weather (call_mdovy4yXSSYrmSlnlVSUacVn)\n",
-      " Call ID: call_mdovy4yXSSYrmSlnlVSUacVn\n",
-      "  Args:\n",
-      "    city: nyc\n",
-      "=================================\u001b[1m Tool Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
-      "Name: get_weather\n",
-      "\n",
-      "It might be cloudy in nyc\n",
-      "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "The weather in NYC might be cloudy.\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "config = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"1\"}}\n",
-    "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's the weather in NYC?\")]}\n",
-    "\n",
-    "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config=config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "markdown",
-   "id": "838a043f-90ad-4e69-9d1d-6e22db2c346c",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "source": [
-    "Notice that when we pass the same the same thread ID, the chat history is preserved"
-   ]
-  },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
-   "id": "187479f9-32fa-4611-9487-cf816ba2e147",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "7be3889f-3c17-4fa1-bd2b-84114a2c7247",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Setup"
+      ]
+    },
     {
-     "name": "stdout",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "What's it known for?\n",
-      "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
-      "\n",
-      "New York City (NYC) is known for many things, including:\n",
-      "\n",
-      "1. **Landmarks and Attractions**: The Statue of Liberty, Times Square, Central Park, Empire State Building, and Brooklyn Bridge.\n",
-      "2. **Cultural Institutions**: Broadway theaters, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), and the American Museum of Natural History.\n",
-      "3. **Diverse Neighborhoods**: Areas like Chinatown, Little Italy, Harlem, and Greenwich Village.\n",
-      "4. **Financial Hub**: Wall Street and the New York Stock Exchange.\n",
-      "5. **Cuisine**: A melting pot of global cuisines, famous for its pizza, bagels, and street food.\n",
-      "6. **Media and Entertainment**: Home to major media companies, TV networks, and film studios.\n",
-      "7. **Fashion**: A global fashion capital, hosting New York Fashion Week.\n",
-      "8. **Sports**: Teams like the New York Yankees, New York Mets, New York Knicks, and New York Rangers.\n",
-      "9. **Public Transportation**: An extensive subway system and iconic yellow taxis.\n",
-      "10. **Events**: New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square, Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, and various cultural festivals.\n"
-     ]
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 1,
+      "id": "a213e11a-5c62-4ddb-a707-490d91add383",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
+        "%pip install -U langgraph langchain-openai"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 2,
+      "id": "23a1885c-04ab-4750-aefa-105891fddf3e",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "OPENAI_API_KEY:  ········\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "import getpass\n",
+        "import os\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "def _set_env(var: str):\n",
+        "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
+        "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# Recommended\n",
+        "_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
+        "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+        "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Create ReAct Agent Tutorial\""
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "03c0f089-070c-4cd4-87e0-6c51f2477b82",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Code"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 3,
+      "id": "7a154152-973e-4b5d-aa13-48c617744a4c",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "# First we initialize the model we want to use.\n",
+        "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+        "\n",
+        "model = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\", temperature=0)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# For this tutorial we will use custom tool that returns pre-defined values for weather in two cities (NYC & SF)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from typing import Literal\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "@tool\n",
+        "def get_weather(city: Literal[\"nyc\", \"sf\"]):\n",
+        "    \"\"\"Use this to get weather information.\"\"\"\n",
+        "    if city == \"nyc\":\n",
+        "        return \"It might be cloudy in nyc\"\n",
+        "    elif city == \"sf\":\n",
+        "        return \"It's always sunny in sf\"\n",
+        "    else:\n",
+        "        raise AssertionError(\"Unknown city\")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "tools = [get_weather]\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# We can add \"chat memory\" to the graph with LangGraph's checkpointer\n",
+        "# to retain the chat context between interactions\n",
+        "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
+        "\n",
+        "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# Define the graph\n",
+        "\n",
+        "from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent\n",
+        "\n",
+        "graph = create_react_agent(model, tools=tools, checkpointer=memory)"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "00407425-506d-4ffd-9c86-987921d8c844",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "## Usage\n",
+        "\n",
+        "Let's interact with it multiple times to show that it can remember"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 4,
+      "id": "16636975-5f2d-4dc7-ab8e-d0bea0830a28",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": [
+        "def print_stream(stream):\n",
+        "    for s in stream:\n",
+        "        message = s[\"messages\"][-1]\n",
+        "        if isinstance(message, tuple):\n",
+        "            print(message)\n",
+        "        else:\n",
+        "            message.pretty_print()"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 5,
+      "id": "9ffff6c3-a4f5-47c9-b51d-97caaee85cd6",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "What's the weather in NYC?\n",
+            "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
+            "Tool Calls:\n",
+            "  get_weather (call_mdovy4yXSSYrmSlnlVSUacVn)\n",
+            " Call ID: call_mdovy4yXSSYrmSlnlVSUacVn\n",
+            "  Args:\n",
+            "    city: nyc\n",
+            "=================================\u001b[1m Tool Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+            "Name: get_weather\n",
+            "\n",
+            "It might be cloudy in nyc\n",
+            "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "The weather in NYC might be cloudy.\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "config = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"1\"}}\n",
+        "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's the weather in NYC?\")]}\n",
+        "\n",
+        "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config=config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "id": "838a043f-90ad-4e69-9d1d-6e22db2c346c",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "source": [
+        "Notice that when we pass the same the same thread ID, the chat history is preserved"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": 6,
+      "id": "187479f9-32fa-4611-9487-cf816ba2e147",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "text": [
+            "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "What's it known for?\n",
+            "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
+            "\n",
+            "New York City (NYC) is known for many things, including:\n",
+            "\n",
+            "1. **Landmarks and Attractions**: The Statue of Liberty, Times Square, Central Park, Empire State Building, and Brooklyn Bridge.\n",
+            "2. **Cultural Institutions**: Broadway theaters, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), and the American Museum of Natural History.\n",
+            "3. **Diverse Neighborhoods**: Areas like Chinatown, Little Italy, Harlem, and Greenwich Village.\n",
+            "4. **Financial Hub**: Wall Street and the New York Stock Exchange.\n",
+            "5. **Cuisine**: A melting pot of global cuisines, famous for its pizza, bagels, and street food.\n",
+            "6. **Media and Entertainment**: Home to major media companies, TV networks, and film studios.\n",
+            "7. **Fashion**: A global fashion capital, hosting New York Fashion Week.\n",
+            "8. **Sports**: Teams like the New York Yankees, New York Mets, New York Knicks, and New York Rangers.\n",
+            "9. **Public Transportation**: An extensive subway system and iconic yellow taxis.\n",
+            "10. **Events**: New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square, Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, and various cultural festivals.\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ],
+      "source": [
+        "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's it known for?\")]}\n",
+        "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config=config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "execution_count": null,
+      "id": "3decf001-7228-4ed5-8779-2b9ed98a74ea",
+      "metadata": {},
+      "outputs": [],
+      "source": []
+    }
+  ],
+  "metadata": {
+    "kernelspec": {
+      "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+      "language": "python",
+      "name": "python3"
+    },
+    "language_info": {
+      "codemirror_mode": {
+        "name": "ipython",
+        "version": 3
+      },
+      "file_extension": ".py",
+      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+      "name": "python",
+      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+      "version": "3.11.1"
     }
-   ],
-   "source": [
-    "inputs = {\"messages\": [(\"user\", \"What's it known for?\")]}\n",
-    "print_stream(graph.stream(inputs, config=config, stream_mode=\"values\"))"
-   ]
   },
-  {
-   "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": null,
-   "id": "3decf001-7228-4ed5-8779-2b9ed98a74ea",
-   "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [],
-   "source": []
-  }
- ],
- "metadata": {
-  "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
-   "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
-  },
-  "language_info": {
-   "codemirror_mode": {
-    "name": "ipython",
-    "version": 3
-   },
-   "file_extension": ".py",
-   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-   "name": "python",
-   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.1"
-  }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 5
+  "nbformat": 4,
+  "nbformat_minor": 5
 }

examples/human-in-the-loop.ipynb

@@ -39,7 +39,10 @@
    "id": "af4ce0ba-7596-4e5f-8bf8-0b0bd6e62833",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["%%capture --no-stderr\n%pip install --quiet -U langgraph langchain_openai"]
+   "source": [
+    "%%capture --no-stderr\n",
+    "%pip install --quiet -U langgraph langchain_openai"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -55,7 +58,18 @@
    "id": "c903a1cf-2977-4e2d-ad7d-8b3946821d89",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import getpass\nimport os\n\n\ndef _set_env(var: str):\n    if not os.environ.get(var):\n        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n\n\n_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _set_env(var: str):\n",
+    "    if not os.environ.get(var):\n",
+    "        os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f\"{var}: \")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "_set_env(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -71,7 +85,10 @@
    "id": "95e25aec-7c9f-4a63-b143-225d0e9a79c3",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+    "_set_env(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -89,7 +106,22 @@
    "id": "6098e5cb",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from typing import Annotated\n\nfrom typing_extensions import TypedDict\n\nfrom langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n\n# `add_messages`` essentially does this\n# (with more robust handling)\n# def add_messages(left: list, right: list):\n#     return left + right\n\n\nclass State(TypedDict):\n    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]"]
+   "source": [
+    "from typing import Annotated\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# `add_messages`` essentially does this\n",
+    "# (with more robust handling)\n",
+    "# def add_messages(left: list, right: list):\n",
+    "#     return left + right\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -109,7 +141,22 @@
    "id": "d7ef57dd-5d6e-4ad3-9377-a92201c1310e",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.tools import tool\n\n\n@tool\ndef search(query: str):\n    \"\"\"Call to surf the web.\"\"\"\n    # This is a placeholder for the actual implementation\n    # Don't let the LLM know this though 😊\n    return [\n        \"It's sunny in San Francisco, but you better look out if you're a Gemini 😈.\"\n    ]\n\n\ntools = [search]"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "@tool\n",
+    "def search(query: str):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Call to surf the web.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    # This is a placeholder for the actual implementation\n",
+    "    # Don't let the LLM know this though 😊\n",
+    "    return [\n",
+    "        \"It's sunny in San Francisco, but you better look out if you're a Gemini 😈.\"\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tools = [search]"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -127,7 +174,11 @@
    "id": "5cf3331e-ccb3-41c8-aeb9-a840a94d41e7",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolExecutor\n\ntool_executor = ToolExecutor(tools)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolExecutor\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tool_executor = ToolExecutor(tools)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -148,7 +199,11 @@
    "id": "892b54b9-75f0-4804-9ed0-88b5e5532989",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n\nmodel = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -166,7 +221,9 @@
    "id": "cd3cbae5-d92c-4559-a4aa-44721b80d107",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["model = model.bind_tools(tools)"]
+   "source": [
+    "model = model.bind_tools(tools)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -201,7 +258,53 @@
    "id": "3b541bb9-900c-40d0-964d-7b5dfee30667",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import ToolMessage\n\nfrom langgraph.prebuilt import ToolInvocation\n\n\n# Define the function that determines whether to continue or not\ndef should_continue(state):\n    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n    last_message = messages[-1]\n    # If there is no function call, then we finish\n    if not last_message.tool_calls:\n        return \"end\"\n    # Otherwise if there is, we continue\n    else:\n        return \"continue\"\n\n\n# Define the function that calls the model\ndef call_model(state):\n    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n    response = model.invoke(messages)\n    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list\n    return {\"messages\": [response]}\n\n\n# Define the function to execute tools\ndef call_tool(state):\n    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n    # Based on the continue condition\n    # we know the last message involves a function call\n    last_message = messages[-1]\n    # We construct an ToolInvocation from the function_call\n    tool_call = last_message.tool_calls[0]\n    action = ToolInvocation(\n        tool=tool_call[\"name\"],\n        tool_input=tool_call[\"args\"],\n    )\n    # We call the tool_executor and get back a response\n    response = tool_executor.invoke(action)\n    # We use the response to create a ToolMessage\n    tool_message = ToolMessage(\n        content=str(response), name=action.tool, tool_call_id=tool_call[\"id\"]\n    )\n    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list\n    return {\"messages\": [tool_message]}"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import ToolMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolInvocation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define the function that determines whether to continue or not\n",
+    "def should_continue(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    last_message = messages[-1]\n",
+    "    # If there is no function call, then we finish\n",
+    "    if not last_message.tool_calls:\n",
+    "        return \"end\"\n",
+    "    # Otherwise if there is, we continue\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return \"continue\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define the function that calls the model\n",
+    "def call_model(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    response = model.invoke(messages)\n",
+    "    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list\n",
+    "    return {\"messages\": [response]}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define the function to execute tools\n",
+    "def call_tool(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    # Based on the continue condition\n",
+    "    # we know the last message involves a function call\n",
+    "    last_message = messages[-1]\n",
+    "    # We construct an ToolInvocation from the function_call\n",
+    "    tool_call = last_message.tool_calls[0]\n",
+    "    action = ToolInvocation(\n",
+    "        tool=tool_call[\"name\"],\n",
+    "        tool_input=tool_call[\"args\"],\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    # We call the tool_executor and get back a response\n",
+    "    response = tool_executor.invoke(action)\n",
+    "    # We use the response to create a ToolMessage\n",
+    "    tool_message = ToolMessage(\n",
+    "        content=str(response), name=action.tool, tool_call_id=tool_call[\"id\"]\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list\n",
+    "    return {\"messages\": [tool_message]}"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -219,7 +322,45 @@
    "id": "812b4e70-4956-4415-8880-db48b3dcbad2",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\n# Define a new graph\nworkflow = StateGraph(State)\n\n# Define the two nodes we will cycle between\nworkflow.add_node(\"agent\", call_model)\nworkflow.add_node(\"action\", call_tool)\n\n# Set the entrypoint as `agent`\n# This means that this node is the first one called\nworkflow.add_edge(START, \"agent\")\n\n# We now add a conditional edge\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\n    # First, we define the start node. We use `agent`.\n    # This means these are the edges taken after the `agent` node is called.\n    \"agent\",\n    # Next, we pass in the function that will determine which node is called next.\n    should_continue,\n    # Finally we pass in a mapping.\n    # The keys are strings, and the values are other nodes.\n    # END is a special node marking that the graph should finish.\n    # What will happen is we will call `should_continue`, and then the output of that\n    # will be matched against the keys in this mapping.\n    # Based on which one it matches, that node will then be called.\n    {\n        # If `tools`, then we call the tool node.\n        \"continue\": \"action\",\n        # Otherwise we finish.\n        \"end\": END,\n    },\n)\n\n# We now add a normal edge from `tools` to `agent`.\n# This means that after `tools` is called, `agent` node is called next.\nworkflow.add_edge(\"action\", \"agent\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define a new graph\n",
+    "workflow = StateGraph(State)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define the two nodes we will cycle between\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"agent\", call_model)\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"action\", call_tool)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Set the entrypoint as `agent`\n",
+    "# This means that this node is the first one called\n",
+    "workflow.add_edge(START, \"agent\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# We now add a conditional edge\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\n",
+    "    # First, we define the start node. We use `agent`.\n",
+    "    # This means these are the edges taken after the `agent` node is called.\n",
+    "    \"agent\",\n",
+    "    # Next, we pass in the function that will determine which node is called next.\n",
+    "    should_continue,\n",
+    "    # Finally we pass in a mapping.\n",
+    "    # The keys are strings, and the values are other nodes.\n",
+    "    # END is a special node marking that the graph should finish.\n",
+    "    # What will happen is we will call `should_continue`, and then the output of that\n",
+    "    # will be matched against the keys in this mapping.\n",
+    "    # Based on which one it matches, that node will then be called.\n",
+    "    {\n",
+    "        # If `tools`, then we call the tool node.\n",
+    "        \"continue\": \"action\",\n",
+    "        # Otherwise we finish.\n",
+    "        \"end\": END,\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# We now add a normal edge from `tools` to `agent`.\n",
+    "# This means that after `tools` is called, `agent` node is called next.\n",
+    "workflow.add_edge(\"action\", \"agent\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -237,7 +378,11 @@
    "id": "6845ed6a-d155-4105-9160-28849877248b",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n\nmemory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
+    "\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -255,7 +400,12 @@
    "id": "79d29875-8aa8-434c-9f20-1c58346a6249",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["# Finally, we compile it!\n# This compiles it into a LangChain Runnable,\n# meaning you can use it as you would any other runnable\napp = workflow.compile(checkpointer=memory, interrupt_before=[\"action\"])"]
+   "source": [
+    "# Finally, we compile it!\n",
+    "# This compiles it into a LangChain Runnable,\n",
+    "# meaning you can use it as you would any other runnable\n",
+    "app = workflow.compile(checkpointer=memory, interrupt_before=[\"action\"])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -282,7 +432,11 @@
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from IPython.display import Image, display\n\ndisplay(Image(app.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png()))"]
+   "source": [
+    "from IPython.display import Image, display\n",
+    "\n",
+    "display(Image(app.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png()))"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -313,7 +467,14 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n\nthread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"2\"}}\ninputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "thread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"2\"}}\n",
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -334,7 +495,11 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"What did I tell you my name was?\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"What did I tell you my name was?\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -358,7 +523,11 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"what's the weather in sf now?\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"what's the weather in sf now?\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -392,7 +561,10 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["for event in app.stream(None, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "for event in app.stream(None, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -427,7 +599,43 @@
    "id": "5454f436-d56e-4499-9381-06192aca1b56",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import json\nfrom typing import Optional\n\nfrom langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n\n\n# Helper function to construct message asking for verification\ndef generate_verification_message(message: AIMessage) -> None:\n    \"\"\"Generate \"verification message\" from message with tool calls.\"\"\"\n    serialized_tool_calls = json.dumps(\n        message.tool_calls,\n        indent=2,\n    )\n    return AIMessage(\n        content=(\n            \"I plan to invoke the following tools, do you approve?\\n\\n\"\n            \"Type 'y' if you do, anything else to stop.\\n\\n\"\n            f\"{serialized_tool_calls}\"\n        ),\n        id=message.id,\n    )\n\n\n# Helper function to stream output from the graph\ndef stream_app_catch_tool_calls(inputs, thread) -> Optional[AIMessage]:\n    \"\"\"Stream app, catching tool calls.\"\"\"\n    tool_call_message = None\n    for event in app.stream(inputs, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n        message = event[\"messages\"][-1]\n        if isinstance(message, AIMessage) and message.tool_calls:\n            tool_call_message = message\n        else:\n            message.pretty_print()\n\n    return tool_call_message"]
+   "source": [
+    "import json\n",
+    "from typing import Optional\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Helper function to construct message asking for verification\n",
+    "def generate_verification_message(message: AIMessage) -> None:\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Generate \"verification message\" from message with tool calls.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    serialized_tool_calls = json.dumps(\n",
+    "        message.tool_calls,\n",
+    "        indent=2,\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    return AIMessage(\n",
+    "        content=(\n",
+    "            \"I plan to invoke the following tools, do you approve?\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "            \"Type 'y' if you do, anything else to stop.\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "            f\"{serialized_tool_calls}\"\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "        id=message.id,\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Helper function to stream output from the graph\n",
+    "def stream_app_catch_tool_calls(inputs, thread) -> Optional[AIMessage]:\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Stream app, catching tool calls.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    tool_call_message = None\n",
+    "    for event in app.stream(inputs, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "        message = event[\"messages\"][-1]\n",
+    "        if isinstance(message, AIMessage) and message.tool_calls:\n",
+    "            tool_call_message = message\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            message.pretty_print()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    return tool_call_message"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -514,7 +722,43 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["import uuid\n\nthread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"3\"}}\n\ntool_call_message = stream_app_catch_tool_calls(\n    {\"messages\": [HumanMessage(\"what's the weather in sf now?\")]},\n    thread,\n)\n\nwhile tool_call_message:\n    verification_message = generate_verification_message(tool_call_message)\n    verification_message.pretty_print()\n    input_message = HumanMessage(input())\n    if input_message.content == \"exit\":\n        break\n    input_message.pretty_print()\n\n    # First we update the state with the verification message and the input message.\n    # note that `generate_verification_message` sets the message ID to be the same\n    # as the ID from the original tool call message. Updating the state with this\n    # message will overwrite the previous tool call.\n    snapshot = app.get_state(thread)\n    snapshot.values[\"messages\"] += [verification_message, input_message]\n\n    if input_message.content == \"y\":\n        tool_call_message.id = str(uuid.uuid4())\n        # If verified, we append the tool call message to the state\n        # and resume execution.\n        snapshot.values[\"messages\"] += [tool_call_message]\n        app.update_state(thread, snapshot.values, as_node=\"agent\")\n    else:\n        # Otherwise, resume execution from the input message.\n        app.update_state(thread, snapshot.values, as_node=\"__start__\")\n\n    tool_call_message = stream_app_catch_tool_calls(None, thread)"]
+   "source": [
+    "import uuid\n",
+    "\n",
+    "thread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"3\"}}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tool_call_message = stream_app_catch_tool_calls(\n",
+    "    {\"messages\": [HumanMessage(\"what's the weather in sf now?\")]},\n",
+    "    thread,\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "while tool_call_message:\n",
+    "    verification_message = generate_verification_message(tool_call_message)\n",
+    "    verification_message.pretty_print()\n",
+    "    input_message = HumanMessage(input())\n",
+    "    if input_message.content == \"exit\":\n",
+    "        break\n",
+    "    input_message.pretty_print()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # First we update the state with the verification message and the input message.\n",
+    "    # note that `generate_verification_message` sets the message ID to be the same\n",
+    "    # as the ID from the original tool call message. Updating the state with this\n",
+    "    # message will overwrite the previous tool call.\n",
+    "    snapshot = app.get_state(thread)\n",
+    "    snapshot.values[\"messages\"] += [verification_message, input_message]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if input_message.content == \"y\":\n",
+    "        tool_call_message.id = str(uuid.uuid4())\n",
+    "        # If verified, we append the tool call message to the state\n",
+    "        # and resume execution.\n",
+    "        snapshot.values[\"messages\"] += [tool_call_message]\n",
+    "        app.update_state(thread, snapshot.values, as_node=\"agent\")\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        # Otherwise, resume execution from the input message.\n",
+    "        app.update_state(thread, snapshot.values, as_node=\"__start__\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    tool_call_message = stream_app_catch_tool_calls(None, thread)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -535,7 +779,34 @@
    "id": "03232f16-d6fe-46d0-afa0-a6f0d0bf16de",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["class State(TypedDict):\n    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n    tool_call_message: Optional[AIMessage]\n\n\ndef call_model(state):\n    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n    if messages[-1].content == \"y\":\n        return {\n            \"messages\": [state[\"tool_call_message\"]],\n            \"tool_call_message\": None,\n        }\n    else:\n        response = model.invoke(messages)\n        if response.tool_calls:\n            verification_message = generate_verification_message(response)\n            response.id = str(uuid.uuid4())\n            return {\n                \"messages\": [verification_message],\n                \"tool_call_message\": response,\n            }\n        else:\n            return {\n                \"messages\": [response],\n                \"tool_call_message\": None,\n            }"]
+   "source": [
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n",
+    "    tool_call_message: Optional[AIMessage]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def call_model(state):\n",
+    "    messages = state[\"messages\"]\n",
+    "    if messages[-1].content == \"y\":\n",
+    "        return {\n",
+    "            \"messages\": [state[\"tool_call_message\"]],\n",
+    "            \"tool_call_message\": None,\n",
+    "        }\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        response = model.invoke(messages)\n",
+    "        if response.tool_calls:\n",
+    "            verification_message = generate_verification_message(response)\n",
+    "            response.id = str(uuid.uuid4())\n",
+    "            return {\n",
+    "                \"messages\": [verification_message],\n",
+    "                \"tool_call_message\": response,\n",
+    "            }\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            return {\n",
+    "                \"messages\": [response],\n",
+    "                \"tool_call_message\": None,\n",
+    "            }"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -551,7 +822,27 @@
    "id": "502dc688-c926-407e-8759-8c9e39eb4257",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["workflow = StateGraph(State)\n\nworkflow.add_node(\"agent\", call_model)\nworkflow.add_node(\"action\", call_tool)\n\nworkflow.add_edge(START, \"agent\")\n\nworkflow.add_conditional_edges(\n    \"agent\",\n    should_continue,\n    {\n        \"continue\": \"action\",\n        \"end\": END,\n    },\n)\n\nworkflow.add_edge(\"action\", \"agent\")\n\napp = workflow.compile(checkpointer=memory)"]
+   "source": [
+    "workflow = StateGraph(State)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"agent\", call_model)\n",
+    "workflow.add_node(\"action\", call_tool)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "workflow.add_edge(START, \"agent\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "workflow.add_conditional_edges(\n",
+    "    \"agent\",\n",
+    "    should_continue,\n",
+    "    {\n",
+    "        \"continue\": \"action\",\n",
+    "        \"end\": END,\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "workflow.add_edge(\"action\", \"agent\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "app = workflow.compile(checkpointer=memory)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -584,7 +875,13 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["thread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"4\"}}\n\ninputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"what's the weather in sf?\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "thread = {\"configurable\": {\"thread_id\": \"4\"}}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"what's the weather in sf?\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -617,7 +914,11 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"can you specify sf in CA?\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"can you specify sf in CA?\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -648,7 +949,11 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"y\")]\nfor event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"y\")]\n",
+    "for event in app.stream({\"messages\": inputs}, thread, stream_mode=\"values\"):\n",
+    "    event[\"messages\"][-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {

examples/input_output_schema.ipynb

@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
     "def answer_node(state: InputState):\n",
     "    return {\"answer\": \"bye\"}\n",
     "\n",
-    "check = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
     "graph = StateGraph(input=InputState, output=OutputState)\n",
     "graph.add_node(answer_node)\n",
     "graph.add_edge(START, \"answer_node\")\n",

examples/introduction.ipynb

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
    "id": "b6c1dcd9-fb86-4649-81b4-ff6ce20a2e46",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "**Notice** how the `chatbot` node function takes the current `State` as input and returns an updated `messages` list. This is the basic pattern for all LangGraph node functions.\n",
+    "**Notice** how the `chatbot` node function takes the current `State` as input and returns a dictionary containing an updated `messages` list under the key \"messages\". This is the basic pattern for all LangGraph node functions.\n",
     "\n",
     "The `add_messages` function in our `State` will append the llm's response messages to whatever messages are already in the state.\n",
     "\n",
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@
     "\n",
     "We will see later that **checkpointing** is _much_ more powerful than simple chat memory - it lets you save and resume complex state at any time for error recovery, human-in-the-loop workflows, time travel interactions, and more. But before we get too ahead of ourselves, let's add checkpointing to enable multi-turn conversations.\n",
     "\n",
-    "To get started, create a `SqliteSaver` checkpointer."
+    "To get started, create a `MemorySaver` checkpointer."
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -858,9 +858,9 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")"
+    "memory = MemorySaver()"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@
    "id": "08d3d11a-1b42-4cbb-8e11-2a4294263d90",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "**Notice** that we've specified `:memory` as the Sqlite DB path. This is convenient for our tutorial (it saves it all in-memory). In a production application, you would likely change this to connect to your own DB and/or use one of the other checkpointer classes.\n",
+    "**Notice** we're using an in-memory checkpointer. This is convenient for our tutorial (it saves it all in-memory). In a production application, you would likely change this to use `SqliteSaver` or `PostgresSaver` and connect to your own DB.\n",
     "\n",
     "Next define the graph. Now that you've already built your own `BasicToolNode`, we'll replace it with LangGraph's prebuilt `ToolNode` and `tools_condition`, since these do some nice things like parallel API execution. Apart from that, the following is all copied from Part 2."
    ]
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
@@ -1256,19 +1256,10 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 1,
+   "execution_count": 7,
    "id": "5a81608a-373a-4339-b1c6-65b73a92b983",
    "metadata": {},
-   "outputs": [
-    {
-     "name": "stderr",
-     "output_type": "stream",
-     "text": [
-      "/Users/wfh/code/lc/langchain/libs/core/langchain_core/_api/beta_decorator.py:87: LangChainBetaWarning: The method `ChatAnthropic.bind_tools` is in beta. It is actively being worked on, so the API may change.\n",
-      "  warn_beta(\n"
-     ]
-    }
-   ],
+   "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "from typing import Annotated\n",
     "\n",
@@ -1277,12 +1268,12 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode, tools_condition\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "class State(TypedDict):\n",
@@ -1320,12 +1311,12 @@
    "id": "813505b2-18c1-46e9-b891-20a34232808b",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "Now, compile the graph, specifying to `interrupt_before` the `action` node."
+    "Now, compile the graph, specifying to `interrupt_before` the `tools` node."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": 8,
    "id": "b0883e32-1a39-4ce9-ae32-bbd66708fd84",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
@@ -1334,14 +1325,14 @@
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    # This is new!\n",
     "    interrupt_before=[\"tools\"],\n",
-    "    # Note: can also interrupt __after__ actions, if desired.\n",
+    "    # Note: can also interrupt __after__ tools, if desired.\n",
     "    # interrupt_after=[\"tools\"]\n",
     ")"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 3,
+   "execution_count": 9,
    "id": "9f318020-ab7e-415b-a5e2-eddec6d9f3a6",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -1354,10 +1345,10 @@
       "I'm learning LangGraph. Could you do some research on it for me?\n",
       "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
       "\n",
-      "[{'text': \"Okay, let's do some research on LangGraph:\", 'type': 'text'}, {'id': 'toolu_01Be7aRgMEv9cg6ezaFjiCry', 'input': {'query': 'LangGraph'}, 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json', 'type': 'tool_use'}]\n",
+      "[{'text': \"Okay, let's look up some information on LangGraph:\", 'type': 'text'}, {'id': 'toolu_01XoHVKTRbipJokQorfifzvh', 'input': {'query': 'LangGraph'}, 'name': 'tavily_search_results_json', 'type': 'tool_use'}]\n",
       "Tool Calls:\n",
-      "  tavily_search_results_json (toolu_01Be7aRgMEv9cg6ezaFjiCry)\n",
-      " Call ID: toolu_01Be7aRgMEv9cg6ezaFjiCry\n",
+      "  tavily_search_results_json (toolu_01XoHVKTRbipJokQorfifzvh)\n",
+      " Call ID: toolu_01XoHVKTRbipJokQorfifzvh\n",
       "  Args:\n",
       "    query: LangGraph\n"
      ]
@@ -1385,17 +1376,17 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 10,
    "id": "9bb7af46-9b4f-4bb1-b8b9-e9ddf7dbc82c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/plain": [
-       "('action',)"
+       "('tools',)"
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 4,
+     "execution_count": 10,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -1410,12 +1401,12 @@
    "id": "89326046-2b11-4812-8b6d-8780306ec275",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "**Notice** that unlike last time, the \"next\" node is set to **'action'**. We've interrupted here! Let's check the tool invocation."
+    "**Notice** that unlike last time, the \"next\" node is set to **'tools'**. We've interrupted here! Let's check the tool invocation."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 11,
    "id": "3facda0a-e6ad-4b28-b627-753ad8c90c15",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -1424,10 +1415,11 @@
       "text/plain": [
        "[{'name': 'tavily_search_results_json',\n",
        "  'args': {'query': 'LangGraph'},\n",
-       "  'id': 'toolu_01Be7aRgMEv9cg6ezaFjiCry'}]"
+       "  'id': 'toolu_01XoHVKTRbipJokQorfifzvh',\n",
+       "  'type': 'tool_call'}]"
       ]
      },
-     "execution_count": 5,
+     "execution_count": 11,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
@@ -1449,7 +1441,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": 12,
    "id": "effb95d9-b7d5-40c5-9253-253d193b23b2",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -1460,18 +1452,19 @@
       "=================================\u001b[1m Tool Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
       "Name: tavily_search_results_json\n",
       "\n",
-      "[{\"url\": \"https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph\", \"content\": \"LangGraph is a Python package that extends LangChain Expression Language with the ability to coordinate multiple chains across multiple steps of computation in a cyclic manner. It is inspired by Pregel and Apache Beam and can be used for agent-like behaviors, such as chatbots, with LLMs.\"}, {\"url\": \"https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph//\", \"content\": \"LangGraph is a library for building stateful, multi-actor applications with LLMs, built on top of (and intended to be used with) LangChain . It extends the LangChain Expression Language with the ability to coordinate multiple chains (or actors) across multiple steps of computation in a cyclic manner. It is inspired by Pregel and Apache Beam .\"}]\n",
+      "[{\"url\": \"https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/tutorials/\", \"content\": \"LangGraph is a framework for building language agents as graphs. Learn how to use LangGraph to create chatbots, code assistants, planning agents, reflection agents, and more with these notebooks.\"}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph\", \"content\": \"LangGraph is a library for creating stateful, multi-actor applications with LLMs, using cycles, controllability, and persistence. Learn how to use LangGraph with examples, integration with LangChain, and streaming support.\"}]\n",
       "==================================\u001b[1m Ai Message \u001b[0m==================================\n",
       "\n",
-      "Based on the search results, LangGraph seems to be a Python library that extends the LangChain library to enable more complex, multi-step interactions with large language models (LLMs). Some key points:\n",
+      "Based on the search results, LangGraph seems to be a framework for building language-based AI agents and applications using language models. It provides a modular, graph-based approach for creating chatbots, code assistants, planning agents, and other language-centric applications.\n",
       "\n",
-      "- LangGraph allows coordinating multiple \"chains\" (or actors) over multiple steps of computation, in a cyclic manner. This enables more advanced agent-like behaviors like chatbots.\n",
-      "- It is inspired by distributed graph processing frameworks like Pregel and Apache Beam.\n",
-      "- LangGraph is built on top of the LangChain library, which provides a framework for building applications with LLMs.\n",
+      "Some key things I learned about LangGraph:\n",
       "\n",
-      "So in summary, LangGraph appears to be a powerful tool for building more sophisticated applications and agents using large language models, by allowing you to coordinate multiple steps and actors in a flexible, graph-like manner. It extends the capabilities of the base LangChain library.\n",
+      "- It is designed to make it easier to build stateful, multi-actor applications using large language models (LLMs).\n",
+      "- It provides features like cycles, controllability, and persistence to help manage the complexity of these types of applications.\n",
+      "- LangGraph can be integrated with the LangChain library, which provides additional tools for building LLM-powered applications.\n",
+      "- The framework includes examples and tutorials to help get started with using LangGraph.\n",
       "\n",
-      "Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions!\n"
+      "Overall, LangGraph seems like a promising approach for building more advanced, graph-based language applications on top of large language models. Let me know if you need any other details on LangGraph and how it works!\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
@@ -1508,7 +1501,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
@@ -1543,7 +1536,7 @@
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.set_entry_point(\"chatbot\")\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "graph = graph_builder.compile(\n",
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    # This is new!\n",
@@ -1563,7 +1556,7 @@
    "source": [
     "## Part 5: Manually Updating the State\n",
     "\n",
-    "In the previous section, we showed how to interrupt a graph so that a human could inspect its actions. This lets the human `read` the state, but if they want to change they agent's course, they'll need to have `write` access.\n",
+    "In the previous section, we showed how to interrupt a graph so that a human could inspect its actions. This lets the human `read` the state, but if they want to change their agent's course, they'll need to have `write` access.\n",
     "\n",
     "Thankfully, LangGraph lets you **manually update state**! Updating the state lets you control the agent's trajectory by modifying its actions (even modifying the past!). This capability is particularly useful when you want to correct the agent's mistakes, explore alternative paths, or guide the agent towards a specific goal.\n",
     "\n",
@@ -1593,7 +1586,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode, tools_condition\n",
@@ -1627,7 +1620,7 @@
     ")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(START, \"chatbot\")\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "graph = graph_builder.compile(\n",
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    # This is new!\n",
@@ -2092,7 +2085,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode, tools_condition\n",
@@ -2289,7 +2282,7 @@
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"human\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(START, \"chatbot\")\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "graph = graph_builder.compile(\n",
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    # We interrupt before 'human' here instead.\n",
@@ -2539,7 +2532,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode, tools_condition\n",
@@ -2626,7 +2619,7 @@
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"human\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.set_entry_point(\"chatbot\")\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "graph = graph_builder.compile(\n",
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    interrupt_before=[\"human\"],\n",
@@ -2665,11 +2658,11 @@
     "\n",
     "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
     "from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults\n",
-    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, BaseMessage, ToolMessage\n",
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, ToolMessage\n",
     "from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel\n",
     "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode, tools_condition\n",
@@ -2756,7 +2749,7 @@
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(\"human\", \"chatbot\")\n",
     "graph_builder.add_edge(START, \"chatbot\")\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "graph = graph_builder.compile(\n",
     "    checkpointer=memory,\n",
     "    interrupt_before=[\"human\"],\n",
@@ -3068,9 +3061,9 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "langgraph",
+   "display_name": "env",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "langgraph"
+   "name": "python3"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {

examples/memory/add-summary-conversation-history.ipynb

@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@
     "\n",
     "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
     "from langchain_core.messages import SystemMessage, RemoveMessage\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import MessagesState, StateGraph, START, END\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# We will add a `summary` attribute (in addition to `messages` key,\n",

examples/memory/delete-messages.ipynb

@@ -112,11 +112,11 @@
     "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
     "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import MessagesState, StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "@tool\n",

examples/memory/manage-conversation-history.ipynb

@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@
     "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
     "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import MessagesState, StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "@tool\n",
@@ -234,11 +234,11 @@
     "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
     "from langchain_core.tools import tool\n",
     "\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import MessagesState, StateGraph, START\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
     "\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "@tool\n",
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
     "\n",
     "def filter_messages(messages: list):\n",
     "    # This is very simple helper function which only ever uses the last two messages\n",
-    "    return messages[-1:]\n",
+    "    return messages[-2:]\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# Define the function that calls the model\n",

examples/node-retries.ipynb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "\n",
     "There are many use cases where you may wish for your node to have a custom retry policy, for example if you are calling an API, querying a database, or calling an LLM, etc. \n",
     "\n",
-    "In order to configure the retry policty, you have to pass the `retry` parameter to the `add_node` function. The `retry` parameter takes in a `RetryPolicy` named tuple object. Below we instantiate a `RetryPolicy` object with the default parameters:"
+    "In order to configure the retry policy, you have to pass the `retry` parameter to the `add_node` function. The `retry` parameter takes in a `RetryPolicy` named tuple object. Below we instantiate a `RetryPolicy` object with the default parameters:"
    ]
   },
   {

examples/pass_private_state.ipynb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
    "source": [
     "# How to pass private state\n",
     "\n",
-    "Oftentimes, you may want nodes to be able to pass state to eachv other that should NOT be part of the main schema of the graph. This is often useful because there may be information that is not needed as input/output (and therefore doesn't really make sense to have in the main schema) but is ABSOLUTELY needed as part of the intermediate working logic.\n",
+    "Oftentimes, you may want nodes to be able to pass state to each other that should NOT be part of the main schema of the graph. This is often useful because there may be information that is not needed as input/output (and therefore doesn't really make sense to have in the main schema) but is ABSOLUTELY needed as part of the intermediate working logic.\n",
     "\n",
     "Let's take a look at an example below. In this example, we will create a RAG pipeline that:\n",
     "1. Takes in a user question\n",

examples/reflection/reflection.ipynb

@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@
    "id": "8b323f43-328b-4b4b-88b0-6c84dc0a1d60",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["%pip install -U --quiet  langgraph langchain-fireworks\n%pip install -U --quiet tavily-python"]
+   "source": [
+    "%pip install -U --quiet  langgraph langchain-fireworks\n",
+    "%pip install -U --quiet tavily-python"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -40,7 +43,24 @@
    "id": "3368f330-cad6-4d35-a291-68fbf4389d98",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import getpass\nimport os\n\n\ndef _set_if_undefined(var: str) -> None:\n    if os.environ.get(var):\n        return\n    os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(var)\n\n\n# Optional: Configure tracing to visualize and debug the agent\n_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Reflection\"\n\n_set_if_undefined(\"FIREWORKS_API_KEY\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _set_if_undefined(var: str) -> None:\n",
+    "    if os.environ.get(var):\n",
+    "        return\n",
+    "    os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(var)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Optional: Configure tracing to visualize and debug the agent\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Reflection\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"FIREWORKS_API_KEY\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -58,7 +78,28 @@
    "id": "cc10028f-9cef-4936-9419-cbdf06d24f1e",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, BaseMessage, HumanMessage\nfrom langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\nfrom langchain_fireworks import ChatFireworks\n\nprompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n    [\n        (\n            \"system\",\n            \"You are an essay assistant tasked with writing excellent 5-paragraph essays.\"\n            \" Generate the best essay possible for the user's request.\"\n            \" If the user provides critique, respond with a revised version of your previous attempts.\",\n        ),\n        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n    ]\n)\nllm = ChatFireworks(\n    model=\"accounts/fireworks/models/mixtral-8x7b-instruct\",\n    model_kwargs={\"max_tokens\": 32768},\n)\ngenerate = prompt | llm"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, BaseMessage, HumanMessage\n",
+    "from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\n",
+    "from langchain_fireworks import ChatFireworks\n",
+    "\n",
+    "prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        (\n",
+    "            \"system\",\n",
+    "            \"You are an essay assistant tasked with writing excellent 5-paragraph essays.\"\n",
+    "            \" Generate the best essay possible for the user's request.\"\n",
+    "            \" If the user provides critique, respond with a revised version of your previous attempts.\",\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "llm = ChatFireworks(\n",
+    "    model=\"accounts/fireworks/models/mixtral-8x7b-instruct\",\n",
+    "    model_kwargs={\"max_tokens\": 32768},\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "generate = prompt | llm"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -86,7 +127,15 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["essay = \"\"\nrequest = HumanMessage(\n    content=\"Write an essay on why the little prince is relevant in modern childhood\"\n)\nfor chunk in generate.stream({\"messages\": [request]}):\n    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")\n    essay += chunk.content"]
+   "source": [
+    "essay = \"\"\n",
+    "request = HumanMessage(\n",
+    "    content=\"Write an essay on why the little prince is relevant in modern childhood\"\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "for chunk in generate.stream({\"messages\": [request]}):\n",
+    "    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")\n",
+    "    essay += chunk.content"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -102,7 +151,19 @@
    "id": "a705be92-88c0-4f4f-b4c2-cdcd9af8cb2c",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["reflection_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n    [\n        (\n            \"system\",\n            \"You are a teacher grading an essay submission. Generate critique and recommendations for the user's submission.\"\n            \" Provide detailed recommendations, including requests for length, depth, style, etc.\",\n        ),\n        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n    ]\n)\nreflect = reflection_prompt | llm"]
+   "source": [
+    "reflection_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        (\n",
+    "            \"system\",\n",
+    "            \"You are a teacher grading an essay submission. Generate critique and recommendations for the user's submission.\"\n",
+    "            \" Provide detailed recommendations, including requests for length, depth, style, etc.\",\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "reflect = reflection_prompt | llm"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -132,7 +193,12 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["reflection = \"\"\nfor chunk in reflect.stream({\"messages\": [request, HumanMessage(content=essay)]}):\n    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")\n    reflection += chunk.content"]
+   "source": [
+    "reflection = \"\"\n",
+    "for chunk in reflect.stream({\"messages\": [request, HumanMessage(content=essay)]}):\n",
+    "    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")\n",
+    "    reflection += chunk.content"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -170,7 +236,12 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["for chunk in generate.stream(\n    {\"messages\": [request, AIMessage(content=essay), HumanMessage(content=reflection)]}\n):\n    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "for chunk in generate.stream(\n",
+    "    {\"messages\": [request, AIMessage(content=essay), HumanMessage(content=reflection)]}\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    print(chunk.content, end=\"\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -188,7 +259,50 @@
    "id": "9e9a9d7c-5d2e-4194-b745-4511ec20db76",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from typing import List, Sequence\n\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, MessageGraph, START\n\n\nasync def generation_node(state: Sequence[BaseMessage]):\n    return await generate.ainvoke({\"messages\": state})\n\n\nasync def reflection_node(messages: Sequence[BaseMessage]) -> List[BaseMessage]:\n    # Other messages we need to adjust\n    cls_map = {\"ai\": HumanMessage, \"human\": AIMessage}\n    # First message is the original user request. We hold it the same for all nodes\n    translated = [messages[0]] + [\n        cls_map[msg.type](content=msg.content) for msg in messages[1:]\n    ]\n    res = await reflect.ainvoke({\"messages\": translated})\n    # We treat the output of this as human feedback for the generator\n    return HumanMessage(content=res.content)\n\n\nbuilder = MessageGraph()\nbuilder.add_node(\"generate\", generation_node)\nbuilder.add_node(\"reflect\", reflection_node)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"generate\")\n\n\ndef should_continue(state: List[BaseMessage]):\n    if len(state) > 6:\n        # End after 3 iterations\n        return END\n    return \"reflect\"\n\n\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"generate\", should_continue)\nbuilder.add_edge(\"reflect\", \"generate\")\ngraph = builder.compile()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from typing import Annotated, List, Sequence\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
+    "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "async def generation_node(state: Sequence[BaseMessage]):\n",
+    "    return await generate.ainvoke({\"messages\": state})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "async def reflection_node(messages: Sequence[BaseMessage]) -> List[BaseMessage]:\n",
+    "    # Other messages we need to adjust\n",
+    "    cls_map = {\"ai\": HumanMessage, \"human\": AIMessage}\n",
+    "    # First message is the original user request. We hold it the same for all nodes\n",
+    "    translated = [messages[0]] + [\n",
+    "        cls_map[msg.type](content=msg.content) for msg in messages[1:]\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    "    res = await reflect.ainvoke({\"messages\": translated})\n",
+    "    # We treat the output of this as human feedback for the generator\n",
+    "    return HumanMessage(content=res.content)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "builder = StateGraph(State)\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"generate\", generation_node)\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"reflect\", reflection_node)\n",
+    "builder.add_edge(START, \"generate\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def should_continue(state: List[BaseMessage]):\n",
+    "    if len(state) > 6:\n",
+    "        # End after 3 iterations\n",
+    "        return END\n",
+    "    return \"reflect\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "builder.add_conditional_edges(\"generate\", should_continue)\n",
+    "builder.add_edge(\"reflect\", \"generate\")\n",
+    "graph = builder.compile()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -219,7 +333,17 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["async for event in graph.astream(\n    [\n        HumanMessage(\n            content=\"Generate an essay on the topicality of The Little Prince and its message in modern life\"\n        )\n    ],\n):\n    print(event)\n    print(\"---\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "async for event in graph.astream(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        HumanMessage(\n",
+    "            content=\"Generate an essay on the topicality of The Little Prince and its message in modern life\"\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    print(event)\n",
+    "    print(\"---\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -371,7 +495,9 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(event[END]).pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(event[END]).pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -389,7 +515,7 @@
    "id": "7c0e3efd-7f54-410e-bd31-36185a46b9a8",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": [""]
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {

examples/reflexion/reflexion.ipynb

@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@
    "id": "1b64a6f6-1d32-48be-92b5-66c3b04b17f7",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["%pip install -U --quiet  langgraph langchain_anthropic\n%pip install -U --quiet tavily-python"]
+   "source": [
+    "%pip install -U --quiet  langgraph langchain_anthropic\n",
+    "%pip install -U --quiet tavily-python"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -48,7 +51,25 @@
    "id": "a917bb70-f84c-48e6-8d32-d14f9df2ca2f",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import getpass\nimport os\n\n\ndef _set_if_undefined(var: str) -> None:\n    if os.environ.get(var):\n        return\n    os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(var)\n\n\n# Optional: Configure tracing to visualize and debug the agent\n_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Reflexion\"\n\n_set_if_undefined(\"ANTHROPIC_API_KEY\")\n_set_if_undefined(\"TAVILY_API_KEY\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _set_if_undefined(var: str) -> None:\n",
+    "    if os.environ.get(var):\n",
+    "        return\n",
+    "    os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(var)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Optional: Configure tracing to visualize and debug the agent\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\")\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\n",
+    "os.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"Reflexion\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"ANTHROPIC_API_KEY\")\n",
+    "_set_if_undefined(\"TAVILY_API_KEY\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -56,7 +77,15 @@
    "id": "567b6c4a",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n\nllm = ChatAnthropic(model=\"claude-3-sonnet-20240229\")\n# You could also use OpenAI or another provider\n# from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n\n# llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-turbo-preview\")"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic\n",
+    "\n",
+    "llm = ChatAnthropic(model=\"claude-3-sonnet-20240229\")\n",
+    "# You could also use OpenAI or another provider\n",
+    "# from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-turbo-preview\")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -81,7 +110,13 @@
    "id": "5a2ac853-b8a6-40de-b7fe-3f9f3c5ca4d2",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults\nfrom langchain_community.utilities.tavily_search import TavilySearchAPIWrapper\n\nsearch = TavilySearchAPIWrapper()\ntavily_tool = TavilySearchResults(api_wrapper=search, max_results=5)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults\n",
+    "from langchain_community.utilities.tavily_search import TavilySearchAPIWrapper\n",
+    "\n",
+    "search = TavilySearchAPIWrapper()\n",
+    "tavily_tool = TavilySearchResults(api_wrapper=search, max_results=5)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -97,7 +132,54 @@
    "id": "5fffa8d5-068a-4f0b-adfc-b4daf30ef294",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage, ToolMessage\nfrom langchain_core.output_parsers.openai_tools import PydanticToolsParser\nfrom langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\nfrom langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field, ValidationError\n\n\nclass Reflection(BaseModel):\n    missing: str = Field(description=\"Critique of what is missing.\")\n    superfluous: str = Field(description=\"Critique of what is superfluous\")\n\n\nclass AnswerQuestion(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"Answer the question. Provide an answer, reflection, and then follow up with search queries to improve the answer.\"\"\"\n\n    answer: str = Field(description=\"~250 word detailed answer to the question.\")\n    reflection: Reflection = Field(description=\"Your reflection on the initial answer.\")\n    search_queries: list[str] = Field(\n        description=\"1-3 search queries for researching improvements to address the critique of your current answer.\"\n    )\n\n\nclass ResponderWithRetries:\n    def __init__(self, runnable, validator):\n        self.runnable = runnable\n        self.validator = validator\n\n    def respond(self, state: list):\n        response = []\n        for attempt in range(3):\n            response = self.runnable.invoke(\n                {\"messages\": state}, {\"tags\": [f\"attempt:{attempt}\"]}\n            )\n            try:\n                self.validator.invoke(response)\n                return response\n            except ValidationError as e:\n                state = state + [\n                    response,\n                    ToolMessage(\n                        content=f\"{repr(e)}\\n\\nPay close attention to the function schema.\\n\\n\"\n                        + self.validator.schema_json()\n                        + \" Respond by fixing all validation errors.\",\n                        tool_call_id=response.tool_calls[0][\"id\"],\n                    ),\n                ]\n        return response"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage, ToolMessage\n",
+    "from langchain_core.output_parsers.openai_tools import PydanticToolsParser\n",
+    "from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate, MessagesPlaceholder\n",
+    "from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field, ValidationError\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class Reflection(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    missing: str = Field(description=\"Critique of what is missing.\")\n",
+    "    superfluous: str = Field(description=\"Critique of what is superfluous\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class AnswerQuestion(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Answer the question. Provide an answer, reflection, and then follow up with search queries to improve the answer.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    answer: str = Field(description=\"~250 word detailed answer to the question.\")\n",
+    "    reflection: Reflection = Field(description=\"Your reflection on the initial answer.\")\n",
+    "    search_queries: list[str] = Field(\n",
+    "        description=\"1-3 search queries for researching improvements to address the critique of your current answer.\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class ResponderWithRetries:\n",
+    "    def __init__(self, runnable, validator):\n",
+    "        self.runnable = runnable\n",
+    "        self.validator = validator\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    def respond(self, state: list):\n",
+    "        response = []\n",
+    "        for attempt in range(3):\n",
+    "            response = self.runnable.invoke(\n",
+    "                {\"messages\": state}, {\"tags\": [f\"attempt:{attempt}\"]}\n",
+    "            )\n",
+    "            try:\n",
+    "                self.validator.invoke(response)\n",
+    "                return response\n",
+    "            except ValidationError as e:\n",
+    "                state = state + [\n",
+    "                    response,\n",
+    "                    ToolMessage(\n",
+    "                        content=f\"{repr(e)}\\n\\nPay close attention to the function schema.\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "                        + self.validator.schema_json()\n",
+    "                        + \" Respond by fixing all validation errors.\",\n",
+    "                        tool_call_id=response.tool_calls[0][\"id\"],\n",
+    "                    ),\n",
+    "                ]\n",
+    "        return response"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -114,7 +196,40 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["import datetime\n\nactor_prompt_template = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n    [\n        (\n            \"system\",\n            \"\"\"You are expert researcher.\nCurrent time: {time}\n\n1. {first_instruction}\n2. Reflect and critique your answer. Be severe to maximize improvement.\n3. Recommend search queries to research information and improve your answer.\"\"\",\n        ),\n        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n        (\n            \"user\",\n            \"\\n\\n<system>Reflect on the user's original question and the\"\n            \" actions taken thus far. Respond using the {function_name} function.</reminder>\",\n        ),\n    ]\n).partial(\n    time=lambda: datetime.datetime.now().isoformat(),\n)\ninitial_answer_chain = actor_prompt_template.partial(\n    first_instruction=\"Provide a detailed ~250 word answer.\",\n    function_name=AnswerQuestion.__name__,\n) | llm.bind_tools(tools=[AnswerQuestion])\nvalidator = PydanticToolsParser(tools=[AnswerQuestion])\n\nfirst_responder = ResponderWithRetries(\n    runnable=initial_answer_chain, validator=validator\n)"]
+   "source": [
+    "import datetime\n",
+    "\n",
+    "actor_prompt_template = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        (\n",
+    "            \"system\",\n",
+    "            \"\"\"You are expert researcher.\n",
+    "Current time: {time}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "1. {first_instruction}\n",
+    "2. Reflect and critique your answer. Be severe to maximize improvement.\n",
+    "3. Recommend search queries to research information and improve your answer.\"\"\",\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "        MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name=\"messages\"),\n",
+    "        (\n",
+    "            \"user\",\n",
+    "            \"\\n\\n<system>Reflect on the user's original question and the\"\n",
+    "            \" actions taken thus far. Respond using the {function_name} function.</reminder>\",\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ").partial(\n",
+    "    time=lambda: datetime.datetime.now().isoformat(),\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "initial_answer_chain = actor_prompt_template.partial(\n",
+    "    first_instruction=\"Provide a detailed ~250 word answer.\",\n",
+    "    function_name=AnswerQuestion.__name__,\n",
+    ") | llm.bind_tools(tools=[AnswerQuestion])\n",
+    "validator = PydanticToolsParser(tools=[AnswerQuestion])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "first_responder = ResponderWithRetries(\n",
+    "    runnable=initial_answer_chain, validator=validator\n",
+    ")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -122,7 +237,10 @@
    "id": "5922e1fe-7533-4f41-8b1d-d812707c1968",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["example_question = \"Why is reflection useful in AI?\"\ninitial = first_responder.respond([HumanMessage(content=example_question)])"]
+   "source": [
+    "example_question = \"Why is reflection useful in AI?\"\n",
+    "initial = first_responder.respond([HumanMessage(content=example_question)])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -140,7 +258,38 @@
    "id": "2605fd8d-c663-446f-ba25-751190195749",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["revise_instructions = \"\"\"Revise your previous answer using the new information.\n    - You should use the previous critique to add important information to your answer.\n        - You MUST include numerical citations in your revised answer to ensure it can be verified.\n        - Add a \"References\" section to the bottom of your answer (which does not count towards the word limit). In form of:\n            - [1] https://example.com\n            - [2] https://example.com\n    - You should use the previous critique to remove superfluous information from your answer and make SURE it is not more than 250 words.\n\"\"\"\n\n\n# Extend the initial answer schema to include references.\n# Forcing citation in the model encourages grounded responses\nclass ReviseAnswer(AnswerQuestion):\n    \"\"\"Revise your original answer to your question. Provide an answer, reflection,\n\n    cite your reflection with references, and finally\n    add search queries to improve the answer.\"\"\"\n\n    references: list[str] = Field(\n        description=\"Citations motivating your updated answer.\"\n    )\n\n\nrevision_chain = actor_prompt_template.partial(\n    first_instruction=revise_instructions,\n    function_name=ReviseAnswer.__name__,\n) | llm.bind_tools(tools=[ReviseAnswer])\nrevision_validator = PydanticToolsParser(tools=[ReviseAnswer])\n\nrevisor = ResponderWithRetries(runnable=revision_chain, validator=revision_validator)"]
+   "source": [
+    "revise_instructions = \"\"\"Revise your previous answer using the new information.\n",
+    "    - You should use the previous critique to add important information to your answer.\n",
+    "        - You MUST include numerical citations in your revised answer to ensure it can be verified.\n",
+    "        - Add a \"References\" section to the bottom of your answer (which does not count towards the word limit). In form of:\n",
+    "            - [1] https://example.com\n",
+    "            - [2] https://example.com\n",
+    "    - You should use the previous critique to remove superfluous information from your answer and make SURE it is not more than 250 words.\n",
+    "\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Extend the initial answer schema to include references.\n",
+    "# Forcing citation in the model encourages grounded responses\n",
+    "class ReviseAnswer(AnswerQuestion):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Revise your original answer to your question. Provide an answer, reflection,\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    cite your reflection with references, and finally\n",
+    "    add search queries to improve the answer.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    references: list[str] = Field(\n",
+    "        description=\"Citations motivating your updated answer.\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "revision_chain = actor_prompt_template.partial(\n",
+    "    first_instruction=revise_instructions,\n",
+    "    function_name=ReviseAnswer.__name__,\n",
+    ") | llm.bind_tools(tools=[ReviseAnswer])\n",
+    "revision_validator = PydanticToolsParser(tools=[ReviseAnswer])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "revisor = ResponderWithRetries(runnable=revision_chain, validator=revision_validator)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -159,7 +308,25 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["import json\n\nrevised = revisor.respond(\n    [\n        HumanMessage(content=example_question),\n        initial,\n        ToolMessage(\n            tool_call_id=initial.tool_calls[0][\"id\"],\n            content=json.dumps(\n                tavily_tool.invoke(\n                    {\"query\": initial.tool_calls[0][\"args\"][\"search_queries\"][0]}\n                )\n            ),\n        ),\n    ]\n)\nrevised"]
+   "source": [
+    "import json\n",
+    "\n",
+    "revised = revisor.respond(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        HumanMessage(content=example_question),\n",
+    "        initial,\n",
+    "        ToolMessage(\n",
+    "            tool_call_id=initial.tool_calls[0][\"id\"],\n",
+    "            content=json.dumps(\n",
+    "                tavily_tool.invoke(\n",
+    "                    {\"query\": initial.tool_calls[0][\"args\"][\"search_queries\"][0]}\n",
+    "                )\n",
+    "            ),\n",
+    "        ),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "revised"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -177,7 +344,24 @@
    "id": "fccd6a17",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_core.tools import StructuredTool\n\nfrom langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n\n\ndef run_queries(search_queries: list[str], **kwargs):\n    \"\"\"Run the generated queries.\"\"\"\n    return tavily_tool.batch([{\"query\": query} for query in search_queries])\n\n\ntool_node = ToolNode(\n    [\n        StructuredTool.from_function(run_queries, name=AnswerQuestion.__name__),\n        StructuredTool.from_function(run_queries, name=ReviseAnswer.__name__),\n    ]\n)"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_core.tools import StructuredTool\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def run_queries(search_queries: list[str], **kwargs):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Run the generated queries.\"\"\"\n",
+    "    return tavily_tool.batch([{\"query\": query} for query in search_queries])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tool_node = ToolNode(\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        StructuredTool.from_function(run_queries, name=AnswerQuestion.__name__),\n",
+    "        StructuredTool.from_function(run_queries, name=ReviseAnswer.__name__),\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    ")"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -196,7 +380,55 @@
    "id": "3c57318f-a30c-4dbd-9b88-f2633e8cb3b1",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from typing import Literal\n\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, MessageGraph, START\n\nMAX_ITERATIONS = 5\nbuilder = MessageGraph()\nbuilder.add_node(\"draft\", first_responder.respond)\n\n\nbuilder.add_node(\"execute_tools\", tool_node)\nbuilder.add_node(\"revise\", revisor.respond)\n# draft -> execute_tools\nbuilder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"execute_tools\")\n# execute_tools -> revise\nbuilder.add_edge(\"execute_tools\", \"revise\")\n\n# Define looping logic:\n\n\ndef _get_num_iterations(state: list):\n    i = 0\n    for m in state[::-1]:\n        if m.type not in {\"tool\", \"ai\"}:\n            break\n        i += 1\n    return i\n\n\ndef event_loop(state: list) -> Literal[\"execute_tools\", \"__end__\"]:\n    # in our case, we'll just stop after N plans\n    num_iterations = _get_num_iterations(state)\n    if num_iterations > MAX_ITERATIONS:\n        return END\n    return \"execute_tools\"\n\n\n# revise -> execute_tools OR end\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"revise\", event_loop)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\ngraph = builder.compile()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from typing import Literal\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n",
+    "from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages\n",
+    "from typing import Annotated\n",
+    "from typing_extensions import TypedDict\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class State(TypedDict):\n",
+    "    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "MAX_ITERATIONS = 5\n",
+    "builder = StateGraph(State)\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"draft\", first_responder.respond)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"execute_tools\", tool_node)\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"revise\", revisor.respond)\n",
+    "# draft -> execute_tools\n",
+    "builder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"execute_tools\")\n",
+    "# execute_tools -> revise\n",
+    "builder.add_edge(\"execute_tools\", \"revise\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Define looping logic:\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def _get_num_iterations(state: list):\n",
+    "    i = 0\n",
+    "    for m in state[::-1]:\n",
+    "        if m.type not in {\"tool\", \"ai\"}:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "        i += 1\n",
+    "    return i\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def event_loop(state: list) -> Literal[\"execute_tools\", \"__end__\"]:\n",
+    "    # in our case, we'll just stop after N plans\n",
+    "    num_iterations = _get_num_iterations(state)\n",
+    "    if num_iterations > MAX_ITERATIONS:\n",
+    "        return END\n",
+    "    return \"execute_tools\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# revise -> execute_tools OR end\n",
+    "builder.add_conditional_edges(\"revise\", event_loop)\n",
+    "builder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\n",
+    "graph = builder.compile()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -215,7 +447,15 @@
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from IPython.display import Image, display\n\ntry:\n    display(Image(graph.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png()))\nexcept Exception:\n    # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional\n    pass"]
+   "source": [
+    "from IPython.display import Image, display\n",
+    "\n",
+    "try:\n",
+    "    display(Image(graph.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png()))\n",
+    "except Exception:\n",
+    "    # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional\n",
+    "    pass"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -330,7 +570,15 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["events = graph.stream(\n    [HumanMessage(content=\"How should we handle the climate crisis?\")],\n    stream_mode=\"values\",\n)\nfor i, step in enumerate(events):\n    print(f\"Step {i}\")\n    step[-1].pretty_print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "events = graph.stream(\n",
+    "    [HumanMessage(content=\"How should we handle the climate crisis?\")],\n",
+    "    stream_mode=\"values\",\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "for i, step in enumerate(events):\n",
+    "    print(f\"Step {i}\")\n",
+    "    step[-1].pretty_print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",

examples/streaming-content.ipynb

@@ -14,9 +14,24 @@
     "Below is a simple toy example."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "95301021-1db9-426f-807c-ec5b37bd5a9d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "<div class=\"admonition warning\">\n",
+    "    <p class=\"admonition-title\">ASYNC IN PYTHON<=3.10</p>\n",
+    "    <p>\n",
+    "Any Langchain RunnableLambda, a RunnableGenerator, or Tool that invokes other runnables and is running async in python<=3.10, will have to propagate callbacks to child objects manually. This is because LangChain cannot automatically propagate callbacks to child objects in this case.\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "This is a common reason why you may fail to see events being emitted from custom runnables or tools.\n",
+    "    </p>\n",
+    "</div>"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 4,
+   "execution_count": 1,
    "id": "486a01a0",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
@@ -51,7 +66,10 @@
     "    messages = []\n",
     "    # Tagging a node makes it easy to filter out which events to include in your stream\n",
     "    # It's completely optional, but useful if you have many functions with similar names\n",
-    "    gen = RunnableGenerator(my_generator).with_config(tags=[\"should_stream\"])\n",
+    "    gen = RunnableGenerator(my_generator).with_config(\n",
+    "        tags=[\"should_stream\"],\n",
+    "        callbacks=config.get(\"callbacks\", [])  # <-- Propagate callbacks (Python <= 3.10)\n",
+    "    )\n",
     "    async for message in gen.astream(state):\n",
     "        messages.append(message)\n",
     "    return {\"messages\": [AIMessage(content=\" \".join(messages))]}\n",
@@ -65,7 +83,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 5,
+   "execution_count": 2,
    "id": "ce773a40",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -80,7 +98,7 @@
      "name": "stderr",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "/Users/harrisonchase/.pyenv/versions/3.11.1/envs/permchain/lib/python3.11/site-packages/langchain_core/_api/beta_decorator.py:87: LangChainBetaWarning: This API is in beta and may change in the future.\n",
+      "/Users/vadymbarda/.virtualenvs/langgraph/lib/python3.11/site-packages/langchain_core/_api/beta_decorator.py:87: LangChainBetaWarning: This API is in beta and may change in the future.\n",
       "  warn_beta(\n"
      ]
     }
@@ -89,7 +107,7 @@
     "from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage\n",
     "\n",
     "inputs = [HumanMessage(content=\"What are you thinking about?\")]\n",
-    "async for event in app.astream_events({\"messages\": inputs}, version=\"v1\"):\n",
+    "async for event in app.astream_events({\"messages\": inputs}, version=\"v2\"):\n",
     "    kind = event[\"event\"]\n",
     "    tags = event.get(\"tags\", [])\n",
     "    if kind == \"on_chain_stream\" and \"should_stream\" in tags:\n",
@@ -104,7 +122,7 @@
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
-   "id": "2c7b7902-2d80-4bf9-91c1-737b749e58a3",
+   "id": "615cb9d2-bfa2-4f83-90b0-c6c2d1e6df95",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": []
@@ -112,9 +130,9 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "display_name": "langgraph",
    "language": "python",
-   "name": "python3"
+   "name": "langgraph"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
@@ -126,7 +144,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.1"
+   "version": "3.11.9"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

examples/time-travel.ipynb

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
    "id": "6845ed6a-d155-4105-9160-28849877248b",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n\nmemory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")"]
+   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n\nmemory = MemorySaver()"]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",

examples/tutorials/rag-agent-testing.ipynb

@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import START, END, StateGraph\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import tools_condition\n",
     "from IPython.display import Image, display\n",
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@
     "builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"assistant\")\n",
     "\n",
     "# The checkpointer lets the graph persist its state\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "react_graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Show\n",

examples/tutorials/tool-calling-agent-local.ipynb

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "from IPython.display import Image, display\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\n",
     "from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import tools_condition\n",
     "\n",
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
     "builder.add_edge(\"tools\", \"assistant\")\n",
     "\n",
     "# The checkpointer lets the graph persist its state\n",
-    "memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\n",
+    "memory = MemorySaver()\n",
     "react_graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Show\n",

examples/usaco/usaco.ipynb

@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
    "id": "e6e73e85-1232-4848-beba-3139ac7d0a64",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(State)\nbuilder.add_node(\"draft\", draft_solver)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\nbuilder.add_node(\"retrieve\", retrieve_examples)\nbuilder.add_node(\"solve\", solver)\nbuilder.add_node(\"evaluate\", evaluate)\n# Add connectivity\nbuilder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"retrieve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"retrieve\", \"solve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"solve\", \"evaluate\")\n\n\ndef control_edge(state: State):\n    if state.get(\"status\") == \"success\":\n        return END\n    return \"solve\"\n\n\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"evaluate\", control_edge, {END: END, \"solve\": \"solve\"})\n\n\ncheckpointer = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")\ngraph = builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)"]
+   "source": ["from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(State)\nbuilder.add_node(\"draft\", draft_solver)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\nbuilder.add_node(\"retrieve\", retrieve_examples)\nbuilder.add_node(\"solve\", solver)\nbuilder.add_node(\"evaluate\", evaluate)\n# Add connectivity\nbuilder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"retrieve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"retrieve\", \"solve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"solve\", \"evaluate\")\n\n\ndef control_edge(state: State):\n    if state.get(\"status\") == \"success\":\n        return END\n    return \"solve\"\n\n\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"evaluate\", control_edge, {END: END, \"solve\": \"solve\"})\n\n\ncheckpointer = MemorySaver()\ngraph = builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)"]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@
    "id": "3c6456ba-363c-4133-8631-6dabb042b6ce",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["# This is all the same as before\nfrom langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(State)\nprompt = hub.pull(\"wfh/usaco-draft-solver\")\nllm = ChatAnthropic(model=\"claude-3-opus-20240229\", max_tokens_to_sample=4000)\n\ndraft_solver = Solver(llm, prompt.partial(examples=\"\"))\nbuilder.add_node(\"draft\", draft_solver)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\nbuilder.add_node(\"retrieve\", retrieve_examples)\nsolver = Solver(llm, prompt)\nbuilder.add_node(\"solve\", solver)\nbuilder.add_node(\"evaluate\", evaluate)\nbuilder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"retrieve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"retrieve\", \"solve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"solve\", \"evaluate\")\n\n\ndef control_edge(state: State):\n    if state.get(\"status\") == \"success\":\n        return END\n    return \"solve\"\n\n\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"evaluate\", control_edge, {END: END, \"solve\": \"solve\"})\ncheckpointer = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(\":memory:\")"]
+   "source": ["# This is all the same as before\nfrom langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver\nfrom langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, START\n\nbuilder = StateGraph(State)\nprompt = hub.pull(\"wfh/usaco-draft-solver\")\nllm = ChatAnthropic(model=\"claude-3-opus-20240229\", max_tokens_to_sample=4000)\n\ndraft_solver = Solver(llm, prompt.partial(examples=\"\"))\nbuilder.add_node(\"draft\", draft_solver)\nbuilder.add_edge(START, \"draft\")\nbuilder.add_node(\"retrieve\", retrieve_examples)\nsolver = Solver(llm, prompt)\nbuilder.add_node(\"solve\", solver)\nbuilder.add_node(\"evaluate\", evaluate)\nbuilder.add_edge(\"draft\", \"retrieve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"retrieve\", \"solve\")\nbuilder.add_edge(\"solve\", \"evaluate\")\n\n\ndef control_edge(state: State):\n    if state.get(\"status\") == \"success\":\n        return END\n    return \"solve\"\n\n\nbuilder.add_conditional_edges(\"evaluate\", control_edge, {END: END, \"solve\": \"solve\"})\ncheckpointer = MemorySaver()"]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",

examples/visualization.ipynb

@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "from IPython.display import Image, display\n",
-    "from langchain_core.runnables.graph import CurveStyle, MermaidDrawMethod, NodeColors\n",
+    "from langchain_core.runnables.graph import CurveStyle, MermaidDrawMethod, NodeStyles\n",
     "\n",
     "display(\n",
     "    Image(\n",
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
     "    Image(\n",
     "        app.get_graph().draw_mermaid_png(\n",
     "            curve_style=CurveStyle.LINEAR,\n",
-    "            node_colors=NodeColors(start=\"#ffdfba\", end=\"#baffc9\", other=\"#fad7de\"),\n",
+    "            node_colors=NodeStyles(first=\"#ffdfba\", last=\"#baffc9\", default=\"#fad7de\"),\n",
     "            wrap_label_n_words=9,\n",
     "            output_file_path=None,\n",
     "            draw_method=MermaidDrawMethod.PYPPETEER,\n",

libs/checkpoint-postgres/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+.PHONY: test test_watch lint format
+
+######################
+# TESTING AND COVERAGE
+######################
+
+start-postgres:
+	docker compose -f tests/compose-postgres.yml up -V --force-recreate --wait
+
+stop-postgres:
+	docker compose -f tests/compose-postgres.yml down
+
+test:
+	make start-postgres; \
+	poetry run pytest; \
+	EXIT_CODE=$$?; \
+	make stop-postgres; \
+	exit $$EXIT_CODE
+
+test_watch:
+	make start-postgres; \
+	poetry run ptw .; \
+	EXIT_CODE=$$?; \
+	make stop-postgres; \
+	exit $$EXIT_CODE
+
+######################
+# LINTING AND FORMATTING
+######################
+
+# Define a variable for Python and notebook files.
+PYTHON_FILES=.
+MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache
+lint format: PYTHON_FILES=.
+lint_diff format_diff: PYTHON_FILES=$(shell git diff --name-only --relative --diff-filter=d main . | grep -E '\.py$$|\.ipynb$$')
+lint_package: PYTHON_FILES=langgraph
+lint_tests: PYTHON_FILES=tests
+lint_tests: MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache_test
+
+lint lint_diff lint_package lint_tests:
+	poetry run ruff .
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES) --diff
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff --select I $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || mkdir -p $(MYPY_CACHE) || poetry run mypy $(PYTHON_FILES) --cache-dir $(MYPY_CACHE)
+
+format format_diff:
+	poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	poetry run ruff --select I --fix $(PYTHON_FILES)

libs/checkpoint-postgres/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# LangGraph Checkpoint Postgres
+
+Implementation of LangGraph CheckpointSaver that uses Postgres.
+
+## Usage
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> When using Postgres checkpointers for the first time, make sure to call `.setup()` method on them to create required tables. See example below.
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> When manually creating Postgres connections and passing them to `PostgresSaver` or `AsyncPostgresSaver`, make sure to include `autocommit=True` and `row_factory=dict_row` (`from psycopg.rows import dict_row`). See a full example in this [how-to guide](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/how-tos/persistence_postgres/).
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+
+write_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+read_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+
+DB_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
+with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
+    # call .setup() the first time you're using the checkpointer
+    checkpointer.setup()
+    checkpoint = {
+        "v": 1,
+        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
+        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+        "channel_values": {
+            "my_key": "meow",
+            "node": "node"
+        },
+        "channel_versions": {
+            "__start__": 2,
+            "my_key": 3,
+            "start:node": 3,
+            "node": 3
+        },
+        "versions_seen": {
+            "__input__": {},
+            "__start__": {
+            "__start__": 1
+            },
+            "node": {
+            "start:node": 2
+            }
+        },
+        "pending_sends": [],
+        "current_tasks": {}
+    }
+
+    # store checkpoint
+    checkpointer.put(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})
+
+    # load checkpoint
+    checkpointer.get(read_config)
+
+    # list checkpoints
+    list(checkpointer.list(read_config))
+```
+
+### Async
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver
+
+async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
+    checkpoint = {
+        "v": 1,
+        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
+        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+        "channel_values": {
+            "my_key": "meow",
+            "node": "node"
+        },
+        "channel_versions": {
+            "__start__": 2,
+            "my_key": 3,
+            "start:node": 3,
+            "node": 3
+        },
+        "versions_seen": {
+            "__input__": {},
+            "__start__": {
+            "__start__": 1
+            },
+            "node": {
+            "start:node": 2
+            }
+        },
+        "pending_sends": [],
+        "current_tasks": {}
+    }
+
+    # store checkpoint
+    await checkpointer.aput(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})
+
+    # load checkpoint
+    await checkpointer.aget(read_config)
+
+    # list checkpoints
+    [c async for c in checkpointer.alist(read_config)]
+```

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+import threading
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from typing import Any, Iterator, List, Optional
+
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from psycopg import Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
+from psycopg.errors import UndefinedTable
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    ChannelVersions,
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    CheckpointTuple,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import (
+    BasePostgresSaver,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+
+
+class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
+    lock: threading.Lock
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        conn: Connection,
+        pipe: Optional[Pipeline] = None,
+        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(serde=serde)
+        self.conn = conn
+        self.pipe = pipe
+        self.lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    @classmethod
+    @contextmanager
+    def from_conn_string(
+        cls, conn_string: str, *, pipeline: bool = False
+    ) -> Iterator["PostgresSaver"]:
+        """Create a new PostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
+
+        Args:
+            conn_string (str): The Postgres connection info string.
+            pipeline (bool): whether to use Pipeline
+
+        Returns:
+            PostgresSaver: A new PostgresSaver instance.
+        """
+        with Connection.connect(
+            conn_string, autocommit=True, prepare_threshold=0, row_factory=dict_row
+        ) as conn:
+            if pipeline:
+                with conn.pipeline() as pipe:
+                    yield PostgresSaver(conn, pipe)
+            else:
+                yield PostgresSaver(conn)
+
+    def setup(self) -> None:
+        """Set up the checkpoint database asynchronously.
+
+        This method creates the necessary tables in the Postgres database if they don't
+        already exist and runs database migrations. It MUST be called directly by the user
+        the first time checkpointer is used.
+        """
+        with self.lock:
+            with self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                try:
+                    version = cur.execute(
+                        "SELECT v FROM checkpoint_migrations ORDER BY v DESC LIMIT 1"
+                    ).fetchone()["v"]
+                except UndefinedTable:
+                    version = -1
+                for v, migration in zip(
+                    range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
+                    self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                ):
+                    cur.execute(migration)
+                    cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
+            if self.pipe:
+                self.pipe.sync()
+
+    def list(
+        self,
+        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        *,
+        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
+        """List checkpoints from the database.
+
+        This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the Postgres database based
+        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by checkpoint ID in descending order (newest first).
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): The config to use for listing the checkpoints.
+            filter (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Additional filtering criteria for metadata. Defaults to None.
+            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            limit (Optional[int]): The maximum number of checkpoints to return. Defaults to None.
+
+        Yields:
+            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of checkpoint tuples.
+
+        Examples:
+            >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+            >>> DB_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
+            >>> with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as memory:
+            ... # Run a graph, then list the checkpoints
+            >>>     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+            >>>     checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, limit=2))
+            >>> print(checkpoints)
+            [CheckpointTuple(...), CheckpointTuple(...)]
+
+            >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+            >>> before = {"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875"}}
+            >>> with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as memory:
+            ... # Run a graph, then list the checkpoints
+            >>>     checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, before=before))
+            >>> print(checkpoints)
+            [CheckpointTuple(...), ...]
+        """
+        where, args = self._search_where(config, filter, before)
+        query = self.SELECT_SQL + where + " ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"
+        if limit:
+            query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
+        # if we change this to use .stream() we need to make sure to close the cursor
+        for value in self.conn.execute(query, args, binary=True):
+            yield CheckpointTuple(
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                },
+                {
+                    **self._load_checkpoint(value["checkpoint"]),
+                    "channel_values": self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
+                },
+                self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                }
+                if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                else None,
+            )
+
+    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
+
+        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
+        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
+        for the given thread ID is retrieved.
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+
+        Examples:
+
+            Basic:
+            >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+            >>> checkpoint_tuple = memory.get_tuple(config)
+            >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
+            CheckpointTuple(...)
+
+            With timestamp:
+
+            >>> config = {
+            ...    "configurable": {
+            ...        "thread_id": "1",
+            ...        "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            ...        "checkpoint_id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+            ...    }
+            ... }
+            >>> checkpoint_tuple = memory.get_tuple(config)
+            >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
+            CheckpointTuple(...)
+        """  # noqa
+        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
+        checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        if checkpoint_id:
+            args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+            where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND checkpoint_id = %s"
+        else:
+            args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
+            where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC LIMIT 1"
+
+        with self._cursor() as cur:
+            cur = self.conn.execute(
+                self.SELECT_SQL + where,
+                args,
+                binary=True,
+            )
+
+            for value in cur:
+                return CheckpointTuple(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                        }
+                    },
+                    {
+                        **self._load_checkpoint(value["checkpoint"]),
+                        "channel_values": self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
+                    },
+                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                    else None,
+                    self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
+                )
+
+    def put(
+        self,
+        config: RunnableConfig,
+        checkpoint: Checkpoint,
+        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
+    ) -> RunnableConfig:
+        """Save a checkpoint to the database.
+
+        This method saves a checkpoint to the Postgres database. The checkpoint is associated
+        with the provided config and its parent config (if any).
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
+            checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
+            metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
+
+        Returns:
+            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
+
+        Examples:
+
+            >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+            >>> DB_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
+            >>> with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as memory:
+            >>>     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+            >>>     checkpoint = {"ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00", "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875", "data": {"key": "value"}}
+            >>>     saved_config = memory.put(config, checkpoint, {"source": "input", "step": 1, "writes": {"key": "value"}}, {})
+            >>> print(saved_config)
+            {'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875'}}
+        """
+        configurable = config["configurable"].copy()
+        thread_id = configurable.pop("thread_id")
+        checkpoint_ns = configurable.pop("checkpoint_ns")
+        checkpoint_id = configurable.pop(
+            "checkpoint_id", configurable.pop("thread_ts", None)
+        )
+
+        copy = checkpoint.copy()
+        next_config = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
+            }
+        }
+
+        with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
+            cur.executemany(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL,
+                self._dump_blobs(
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_ns,
+                    copy.pop("channel_values"),
+                    new_versions,
+                ),
+            )
+            cur.execute(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL,
+                (
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_ns,
+                    checkpoint["id"],
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
+                    self._dump_metadata(metadata),
+                ),
+            )
+        return next_config
+
+    def put_writes(
+        self,
+        config: RunnableConfig,
+        writes: List[tuple[str, Any]],
+        task_id: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint.
+
+        This method saves intermediate writes associated with a checkpoint to the Postgres database.
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): Configuration of the related checkpoint.
+            writes (List[Tuple[str, Any]]): List of writes to store.
+            task_id (str): Identifier for the task creating the writes.
+        """
+        with self._cursor() as cur:
+            cur.executemany(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL,
+                self._dump_writes(
+                    config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
+                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"],
+                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"],
+                    task_id,
+                    writes,
+                ),
+            )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _cursor(self, *, pipeline: bool = False) -> Iterator[Cursor]:
+        if self.pipe:
+            # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
+            # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
+            # used at a time
+            try:
+                with self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                    yield cur
+            finally:
+                if pipeline:
+                    self.pipe.sync()
+        elif pipeline:
+            # a connection not in pipeline mode can only be used by one
+            # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
+            with self.lock, self.conn.pipeline(), self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                yield cur
+        else:
+            with self.lock, self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                yield cur

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/aio.py

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+import asyncio
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator, Optional
+
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline
+from psycopg.errors import UndefinedTable
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    ChannelVersions,
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    CheckpointTuple,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+
+
+class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
+    lock: asyncio.Lock
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        conn: AsyncConnection,
+        pipe: Optional[AsyncPipeline] = None,
+        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(serde=serde)
+        self.conn = conn
+        self.pipe = pipe
+        self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    @classmethod
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def from_conn_string(
+        cls, conn_string: str, *, pipeline: bool = False
+    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncPostgresSaver"]:
+        """Create a new PostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
+
+        Args:
+            conn_string (str): The Postgres connection info string.
+            pipeline (bool): whether to use AsyncPipeline
+
+        Returns:
+            PostgresSaver: A new PostgresSaver instance.
+        """
+        async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
+            conn_string, autocommit=True, prepare_threshold=0, row_factory=dict_row
+        ) as conn:
+            if pipeline:
+                async with conn.pipeline() as pipe:
+                    yield AsyncPostgresSaver(conn, pipe)
+            else:
+                yield AsyncPostgresSaver(conn)
+
+    async def setup(self) -> None:
+        """Set up the checkpoint database asynchronously.
+
+        This method creates the necessary tables in the Postgres database if they don't
+        already exist and runs database migrations. It MUST be called directly by the user
+        the first time checkpointer is used.
+        """
+        async with self.lock:
+            async with self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                try:
+                    results = await cur.execute(
+                        "SELECT v FROM checkpoint_migrations ORDER BY v DESC LIMIT 1"
+                    )
+                    version = (await results.fetchone())["v"]
+                except UndefinedTable:
+                    version = -1
+                for v, migration in zip(
+                    range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
+                    self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                ):
+                    await cur.execute(migration)
+                    await cur.execute(
+                        f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})"
+                    )
+            if self.pipe:
+                await self.pipe.sync()
+
+    async def alist(
+        self,
+        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        *,
+        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]:
+        """List checkpoints from the database asynchronously.
+
+        This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the Postgres database based
+        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by checkpoint ID in descending order (newest first).
+
+        Args:
+            config (Optional[RunnableConfig]): Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
+            filter (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
+            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            limit (Optional[int]): Maximum number of checkpoints to return.
+
+        Yields:
+            AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]: An asynchronous iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+        """
+        where, args = self._search_where(config, filter, before)
+        query = self.SELECT_SQL + where + " ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"
+        if limit:
+            query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
+        # if we change this to use .stream() we need to make sure to close the cursor
+        async for value in await self.conn.execute(query, args, binary=True):
+            yield CheckpointTuple(
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                },
+                {
+                    **self._load_checkpoint(value["checkpoint"]),
+                    "channel_values": await asyncio.to_thread(
+                        self._load_blobs, value["channel_values"]
+                    ),
+                },
+                self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                }
+                if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                else None,
+            )
+
+    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.
+
+        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
+        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        the matching thread ID and "checkpoint_id" is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
+        for the given thread ID is retrieved.
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.
+
+        Returns:
+            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+        """
+        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
+        checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        if checkpoint_id:
+            args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+            where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND checkpoint_id = %s"
+        else:
+            args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
+            where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC LIMIT 1"
+
+        async with self._cursor() as cur:
+            cur = await self.conn.execute(
+                self.SELECT_SQL + where,
+                args,
+                binary=True,
+            )
+
+            async for value in cur:
+                return CheckpointTuple(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                        }
+                    },
+                    {
+                        **self._load_checkpoint(value["checkpoint"]),
+                        "channel_values": await asyncio.to_thread(
+                            self._load_blobs, value["channel_values"]
+                        ),
+                    },
+                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                    else None,
+                    await asyncio.to_thread(self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]),
+                )
+
+    async def aput(
+        self,
+        config: RunnableConfig,
+        checkpoint: Checkpoint,
+        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
+    ) -> RunnableConfig:
+        """Save a checkpoint to the database asynchronously.
+
+        This method saves a checkpoint to the Postgres database. The checkpoint is associated
+        with the provided config and its parent config (if any).
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
+            checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
+            metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
+
+        Returns:
+            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
+        """
+        configurable = config["configurable"].copy()
+        thread_id = configurable.pop("thread_id")
+        checkpoint_ns = configurable.pop("checkpoint_ns")
+        checkpoint_id = configurable.pop(
+            "checkpoint_id", configurable.pop("thread_ts", None)
+        )
+
+        copy = checkpoint.copy()
+        next_config = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
+            }
+        }
+
+        async with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
+            await cur.executemany(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL,
+                await asyncio.to_thread(
+                    self._dump_blobs,
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_ns,
+                    copy.pop("channel_values"),
+                    new_versions,
+                ),
+            )
+            await cur.execute(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL,
+                (
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_ns,
+                    checkpoint["id"],
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
+                    self._dump_metadata(metadata),
+                ),
+            )
+        return next_config
+
+    async def aput_writes(
+        self,
+        config: RunnableConfig,
+        writes: list[tuple[str, Any]],
+        task_id: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint asynchronously.
+
+        This method saves intermediate writes associated with a checkpoint to the database.
+
+        Args:
+            config (RunnableConfig): Configuration of the related checkpoint.
+            writes (Sequence[Tuple[str, Any]]): List of writes to store, each as (channel, value) pair.
+            task_id (str): Identifier for the task creating the writes.
+        """
+        async with self._cursor() as cur:
+            await cur.executemany(
+                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL,
+                await asyncio.to_thread(
+                    self._dump_writes,
+                    config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
+                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"],
+                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"],
+                    task_id,
+                    writes,
+                ),
+            )
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def _cursor(self, *, pipeline: bool = False) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncCursor]:
+        if self.pipe:
+            # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
+            # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
+            # used at a time
+            try:
+                async with self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                    yield cur
+            finally:
+                if pipeline:
+                    await self.pipe.sync()
+        elif pipeline:
+            # a connection not in pipeline mode can only be used by one
+            # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
+            async with self.lock, self.conn.pipeline(), self.conn.cursor(
+                binary=True
+            ) as cur:
+                yield cur
+        else:
+            async with self.lock, self.conn.cursor(binary=True) as cur:
+                yield cur

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+from base64 import b64decode, b64encode
+from hashlib import md5
+from typing import Any, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    Checkpoint,
+    EmptyChannelError,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import ChannelProtocol
+
+MetadataInput = Optional[dict[str, Any]]
+
+"""
+To add a new migration, add a new string to the MIGRATIONS list.
+The position of the migration in the list is the version number.
+"""
+MIGRATIONS = [
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_migrations (
+    v INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
+);""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints (
+    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    parent_checkpoint_id TEXT,
+    type TEXT,
+    checkpoint JSONB NOT NULL,
+    metadata JSONB NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
+    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+);""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_blobs (
+    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    channel TEXT NOT NULL,
+    version TEXT NOT NULL,
+    type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    blob BYTEA,
+    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, version)
+);""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_writes (
+    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    channel TEXT NOT NULL,
+    type TEXT,
+    blob BYTEA NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx)
+);""",
+    "ALTER TABLE checkpoint_blobs ALTER COLUMN blob DROP not null;",
+]
+
+SELECT_SQL = """
+select
+    thread_id,
+    checkpoint,
+    checkpoint_ns,
+    checkpoint_id,
+    parent_checkpoint_id,
+    metadata,
+    (
+        select array_agg(array[bl.channel::bytea, bl.type::bytea, bl.blob])
+        from jsonb_each_text(checkpoint -> 'channel_versions')
+        inner join checkpoint_blobs bl
+            on bl.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
+            and bl.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
+            and bl.channel = jsonb_each_text.key
+            and bl.version = jsonb_each_text.value
+    ) as channel_values,
+    (
+        select
+        array_agg(array[cw.task_id::text::bytea, cw.channel::bytea, cw.type::bytea, cw.blob])
+        from checkpoint_writes cw
+        where cw.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
+            and cw.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
+            and cw.checkpoint_id = checkpoints.checkpoint_id
+    ) as pending_writes
+from checkpoints """
+
+UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = """
+    INSERT INTO checkpoint_blobs (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, version, type, blob)
+    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, version) DO NOTHING
+"""
+
+UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = """
+    INSERT INTO checkpoints (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, checkpoint, metadata)
+    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+    DO UPDATE SET
+        checkpoint = EXCLUDED.checkpoint,
+        metadata = EXCLUDED.metadata;
+"""
+
+UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = """
+    INSERT INTO checkpoint_writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, blob)
+    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx) DO NOTHING
+"""
+
+
+class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
+    SELECT_SQL = SELECT_SQL
+    MIGRATIONS = MIGRATIONS
+    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL
+    UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL
+    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
+    jsonplus_serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+
+    def _load_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: dict[str, Any]) -> Checkpoint:
+        if len(checkpoint["pending_sends"]) == 2 and all(
+            isinstance(a, str) for a in checkpoint["pending_sends"]
+        ):
+            type, bs = checkpoint["pending_sends"]
+            return {
+                **checkpoint,
+                "pending_sends": self.serde.loads_typed((type, b64decode(bs))),
+            }
+
+        return checkpoint
+
+    def _dump_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: Checkpoint) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        type, bs = self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint["pending_sends"])
+        return {
+            **checkpoint,
+            "pending_sends": (type, b64encode(bs).decode()),
+        }
+
+    def _load_blobs(
+        self, blob_values: list[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]]
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        if not blob_values:
+            return {}
+        return {
+            k.decode(): self.serde.loads_typed((t.decode(), v))
+            for k, t, v in blob_values
+            if t.decode() != "empty"
+        }
+
+    def _dump_blobs(
+        self,
+        thread_id: str,
+        checkpoint_ns: str,
+        values: dict[str, Any],
+        versions: dict[str, str],
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, str, bytes]]:
+        if not versions:
+            return []
+
+        return [
+            (
+                thread_id,
+                checkpoint_ns,
+                k,
+                ver,
+                *(
+                    self.serde.dumps_typed(values[k])
+                    if k in values
+                    else ("empty", None)
+                ),
+            )
+            for k, ver in versions.items()
+        ]
+
+    def _load_writes(
+        self, writes: list[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes, bytes]]
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, Any]]:
+        return (
+            [
+                (
+                    tid.decode(),
+                    channel.decode(),
+                    self.serde.loads_typed((t.decode(), v)),
+                )
+                for tid, channel, t, v in writes
+            ]
+            if writes
+            else []
+        )
+
+    def _dump_writes(
+        self,
+        thread_id: str,
+        checkpoint_ns: str,
+        checkpoint_id: str,
+        task_id: str,
+        writes: list[tuple[str, Any]],
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, str, bytes]]:
+        return [
+            (
+                thread_id,
+                checkpoint_ns,
+                checkpoint_id,
+                task_id,
+                idx,
+                channel,
+                *self.serde.dumps_typed(value),
+            )
+            for idx, (channel, value) in enumerate(writes)
+        ]
+
+    def _load_metadata(self, metadata: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.jsonplus_serde.loads(self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(metadata))
+
+    def _dump_metadata(self, metadata) -> str:
+        serialized_metadata_type, serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps_typed(
+            metadata
+        )
+        if serialized_metadata_type != "json":
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Failed to properly serialize metadata -- expected 'json', got '{serialized_metadata_type}'"
+            )
+        return serialized_metadata.decode()
+
+    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[str], channel: ChannelProtocol) -> str:
+        if current is None:
+            current_v = 0
+        elif isinstance(current, int):
+            current_v = current
+        else:
+            current_v = int(current.split(".")[0])
+        next_v = current_v + 1
+        try:
+            next_h = md5(self.serde.dumps_typed(channel.checkpoint())[1]).hexdigest()
+        except EmptyChannelError:
+            next_h = ""
+        return f"{next_v:032}.{next_h}"
+
+    def _search_where(
+        self,
+        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        filter: MetadataInput,
+        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[str, List[Any]]:
+        """Return WHERE clause predicates for alist() given config, filter, cursor.
+
+        This method returns a tuple of a string and a tuple of values. The string
+        is the parametered WHERE clause predicate (including the WHERE keyword):
+        "WHERE column1 = $1 AND column2 IS $2". The list of values contains the
+        values for each of the corresponding parameters.
+        """
+        wheres = []
+        param_values = []
+
+        # construct predicate for config filter
+        if config:
+            wheres.append("thread_id = %s ")
+            param_values.append(config["configurable"]["thread_id"])
+            checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+            wheres.append("checkpoint_ns = %s")
+            param_values.append(checkpoint_ns)
+
+        # construct predicate for metadata filter
+        if filter:
+            wheres.append("metadata @> %s ")
+            param_values.append(Jsonb(filter))
+
+        # construct predicate for `before`
+        if before is not None:
+            wheres.append("checkpoint_id < %s ")
+            param_values.append(get_checkpoint_id(before))
+
+        return (
+            "WHERE " + " AND ".join(wheres) if wheres else "",
+            param_values,
+        )

libs/checkpoint-postgres/poetry.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,972 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 1.8.3 and should not be changed by hand.
+
+[[package]]
+name = "annotated-types"
+version = "0.7.0"
+description = "Reusable constraint types to use with typing.Annotated"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
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+]
+
+[[package]]
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+description = "High level compatibility layer for multiple asynchronous event loop implementations"
+optional = false
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+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
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+idna = ">=2.8"
+sniffio = ">=1.1"
+typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.1", markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""}
+
+[package.extras]
+doc = ["Sphinx (>=7)", "packaging", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.2.0)", "sphinx-rtd-theme"]
+test = ["anyio[trio]", "coverage[toml] (>=7)", "exceptiongroup (>=1.2.0)", "hypothesis (>=4.0)", "psutil (>=5.9)", "pytest (>=7.0)", "pytest-mock (>=3.6.1)", "trustme", "uvloop (>=0.17)"]
+trio = ["trio (>=0.23)"]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "certifi"
+version = "2024.7.4"
+description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle."
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.6"
+files = [
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+]
+
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+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-pp39-pypy39_pp73-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:ab998f567ebdf6b1da7dc1e5accfaa7c6992244629c0fdaef062f43249bd8dee"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:dddba7ca1c807045323b6af4ff80f5ddc4d654c8bce8317dde1bd96b128ed253"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_armv7l.whl", hash = "sha256:4513ec234c68b14d4161440e07f995f231be21a09329051e67a2118a7a612d2d"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:4107ac5ab936a63952dea2a46a734a23230aa2f6f9db1291bf171dac3ebd53c6"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_ppc64.whl", hash = "sha256:6e8c70d2cd745daec2a08734d9f63092b793ad97612470a0ee4cbb8f5f705c57"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_ppc64le.whl", hash = "sha256:f27279d060e2ab24c0aa98363ff906d2386aa6c4dc2f1a374655d4e02a6c5e5e"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:f8affdf3c0f0466e69f5b3917cdd042f89c8c63aebdb9f7c078996f607cdb0f5"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:ac7041b385f04c047fcc2951dc001671dee1b7e0615cde772e84b01fbf68ee84"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:206afc3d964f9a233e6ad34618ec60b9837d0582b500b63687e34011e15bb429"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:7577b3c43e5909623149f76b099ac49a1a01ca4e167d1785c76eb52fa585745a"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1-py3-none-win_ia64.whl", hash = "sha256:d7b9f5f3299e8dd230880b6c55504a1f69cf1e4316275d1b215ebdd8187ec88d"},
+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:eebaacf674fa25511e8867028d281e602ee6500045b57f43b08778082f7f8b44"},
+]
+
+[package.extras]
+watchmedo = ["PyYAML (>=3.10)"]
+
+[metadata]
+lock-version = "2.0"
+python-versions = "^3.9.0,<4.0"
+content-hash = "422b6d716b86db072ea3a612287ad20ff5700c18f22d9e9d59cc4e198514519d"

libs/checkpoint-postgres/pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+[tool.poetry]
+name = "langgraph-checkpoint-postgres"
+version = "1.0.3"
+description = "Library with a Postgres implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
+authors = []
+license = "MIT"
+readme = "README.md"
+repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"
+packages = [{ include = "langgraph" }]
+
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.9.0,<4.0"
+langgraph-checkpoint = "^1.0.1"
+orjson = ">=3.10.1"
+psycopg = {extras = ["binary"], version = ">=3.1.19"}
+
+[tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
+ruff = "^0.1.4"
+codespell = "^2.2.0"
+pytest = "^7.2.1"
+anyio = "^4.4.0"
+pytest-asyncio = "^0.21.1"
+pytest-mock = "^3.11.1"
+pytest-watch = "^4.2.0"
+mypy = "^1.10.0"
+psycopg-pool = "^3.2.2"
+langgraph-checkpoint = {path = "../checkpoint", develop = true}
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+# --strict-markers will raise errors on unknown marks.
+# https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/how-to/mark.html#raising-errors-on-unknown-marks
+#
+# https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/reference/reference.html
+# --strict-config       any warnings encountered while parsing the `pytest`
+#                       section of the configuration file raise errors.
+addopts = "--strict-markers --strict-config --durations=5 -vv"
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
+
+[tool.ruff]
+lint.select = [
+  "E",  # pycodestyle
+  "F",  # Pyflakes
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
+  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
+  "I",  # isort
+]
+lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008", "UP007", "UP006"]

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/compose-postgres.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+services:
+  postgres-test:
+    image: postgres:16
+    ports:
+      - "5441:5432"
+    environment:
+      POSTGRES_DB: postgres
+      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
+      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
+    healthcheck:
+      test: pg_isready -U postgres
+      start_period: 10s
+      timeout: 1s
+      retries: 5
+      interval: 60s
+      start_interval: 1s

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import pytest
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection
+from psycopg.errors import UndefinedTable
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+
+DEFAULT_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5441/postgres?sslmode=disable"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+async def conn():
+    async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
+        DEFAULT_URI, autocommit=True, prepare_threshold=0, row_factory=dict_row
+    ) as conn:
+        yield conn
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
+async def clear_test_db(conn):
+    """Delete all tables before each test."""
+    try:
+        await conn.execute("DELETE FROM checkpoints")
+        await conn.execute("DELETE FROM checkpoint_blobs")
+        await conn.execute("DELETE FROM checkpoint_writes")
+    except UndefinedTable:
+        pass

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/test_async.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import pytest
+from conftest import DEFAULT_URI
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    create_checkpoint,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver
+
+
+class TestAsyncPostgresSaver:
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    async def setup(self):
+        # objects for test setup
+        self.config_1: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-1",
+                # for backwards compatibility testing
+                "thread_ts": "1",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_2: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_3: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2-inner",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.chkpnt_1: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+        self.chkpnt_2: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(self.chkpnt_1, {}, 1)
+        self.chkpnt_3: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+
+        self.metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "input",
+            "step": 2,
+            "writes": {},
+            "score": 1,
+        }
+        self.metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "loop",
+            "step": 1,
+            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            "score": None,
+        }
+        self.metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
+        async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+            await saver.setup()
+
+    async def test_asearch(self):
+        async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+            await saver.aput(self.config_1, self.chkpnt_1, self.metadata_1, {})
+            await saver.aput(self.config_2, self.chkpnt_2, self.metadata_2, {})
+            await saver.aput(self.config_3, self.chkpnt_3, self.metadata_3, {})
+
+            # call method / assertions
+            query_1: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
+            query_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+                "step": 1,
+                "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            }  # search by multiple keys
+            query_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
+            query_4: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
+
+            search_results_1 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_1)]
+            assert len(search_results_1) == 1
+            assert search_results_1[0].metadata == self.metadata_1
+
+            search_results_2 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_2)]
+            assert len(search_results_2) == 1
+            assert search_results_2[0].metadata == self.metadata_2
+
+            search_results_3 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_3)]
+            assert len(search_results_3) == 3
+
+            search_results_4 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_4)]
+            assert len(search_results_4) == 0
+
+            # search by config (defaults to root graph checkpoints)
+            search_results_5 = [
+                c
+                async for c in saver.alist({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-2"}})
+            ]
+            assert len(search_results_5) == 1
+            assert search_results_5[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == ""
+
+            # search by config and checkpoint_ns
+            search_results_6 = [
+                c
+                async for c in saver.alist(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                            "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+                        }
+                    }
+                )
+            ]
+            assert len(search_results_6) == 1
+            assert (
+                search_results_6[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == "inner"
+            )
+
+            # TODO: test before and limit params

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/test_sync.py

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import pytest
+from conftest import DEFAULT_URI
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    create_checkpoint,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+
+
+class TestPostgresSaver:
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    def setup(self):
+        # objects for test setup
+        self.config_1: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-1",
+                # for backwards compatibility testing
+                "thread_ts": "1",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_2: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_3: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2-inner",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.chkpnt_1: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+        self.chkpnt_2: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(self.chkpnt_1, {}, 1)
+        self.chkpnt_3: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+
+        self.metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "input",
+            "step": 2,
+            "writes": {},
+            "score": 1,
+        }
+        self.metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "loop",
+            "step": 1,
+            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            "score": None,
+        }
+        self.metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
+        with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+            saver.setup()
+
+    def test_search(self):
+        with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DEFAULT_URI) as saver:
+            # save checkpoints
+            saver.put(self.config_1, self.chkpnt_1, self.metadata_1, {})
+            saver.put(self.config_2, self.chkpnt_2, self.metadata_2, {})
+            saver.put(self.config_3, self.chkpnt_3, self.metadata_3, {})
+
+            # call method / assertions
+            query_1: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
+            query_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+                "step": 1,
+                "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            }  # search by multiple keys
+            query_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
+            query_4: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
+
+            search_results_1 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_1))
+            assert len(search_results_1) == 1
+            assert search_results_1[0].metadata == self.metadata_1
+
+            search_results_2 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_2))
+            assert len(search_results_2) == 1
+            assert search_results_2[0].metadata == self.metadata_2
+
+            search_results_3 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_3))
+            assert len(search_results_3) == 3
+
+            search_results_4 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_4))
+            assert len(search_results_4) == 0
+
+            # search by config (defaults to root graph checkpoints)
+            search_results_5 = list(
+                saver.list({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-2"}})
+            )
+            assert len(search_results_5) == 1
+            assert search_results_5[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == ""
+
+            # search by config and checkpoint_ns
+            search_results_6 = list(
+                saver.list(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                            "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+                        }
+                    }
+                )
+            )
+            assert len(search_results_6) == 1
+            assert (
+                search_results_6[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == "inner"
+            )
+
+            # TODO: test before and limit params

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+.PHONY: test test_watch lint format
+
+######################
+# TESTING AND COVERAGE
+######################
+
+test:
+	poetry run pytest tests
+
+test_watch:
+	poetry run ptw .
+
+######################
+# LINTING AND FORMATTING
+######################
+
+# Define a variable for Python and notebook files.
+PYTHON_FILES=.
+MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache
+lint format: PYTHON_FILES=.
+lint_diff format_diff: PYTHON_FILES=$(shell git diff --name-only --relative --diff-filter=d main . | grep -E '\.py$$|\.ipynb$$')
+lint_package: PYTHON_FILES=langgraph
+lint_tests: PYTHON_FILES=tests
+lint_tests: MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache_test
+
+lint lint_diff lint_package lint_tests:
+	poetry run ruff .
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES) --diff
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff --select I $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || mkdir -p $(MYPY_CACHE) || poetry run mypy $(PYTHON_FILES) --cache-dir $(MYPY_CACHE)
+
+format format_diff:
+	poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	poetry run ruff --select I --fix $(PYTHON_FILES)

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# LangGraph SQLite Checkpoint
+
+Implementation of LangGraph CheckpointSaver that uses SQLite DB (both sync and async, via `aiosqlite`)
+
+## Usage
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
+
+write_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+read_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+
+with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as checkpointer:
+    checkpoint = {
+        "v": 1,
+        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
+        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+        "channel_values": {
+            "my_key": "meow",
+            "node": "node"
+        },
+        "channel_versions": {
+            "__start__": 2,
+            "my_key": 3,
+            "start:node": 3,
+            "node": 3
+        },
+        "versions_seen": {
+            "__input__": {},
+            "__start__": {
+                "__start__": 1
+            },
+            "node": {
+                "start:node": 2
+            }
+        },
+        "pending_sends": [],
+        "current_tasks": {}
+    }
+
+    # store checkpoint
+    checkpointer.put(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})
+
+    # load checkpoint
+    checkpointer.get(read_config)
+
+    # list checkpoints
+    list(checkpointer.list(read_config))
+```
+
+### Async
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
+
+async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as checkpointer:
+    checkpoint = {
+        "v": 1,
+        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
+        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+        "channel_values": {
+            "my_key": "meow",
+            "node": "node"
+        },
+        "channel_versions": {
+            "__start__": 2,
+            "my_key": 3,
+            "start:node": 3,
+            "node": 3
+        },
+        "versions_seen": {
+            "__input__": {},
+            "__start__": {
+                "__start__": 1
+            },
+            "node": {
+                "start:node": 2
+            }
+        },
+        "pending_sends": [],
+        "current_tasks": {}
+    }
+
+    # store checkpoint
+    await checkpointer.aput(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})
+
+    # load checkpoint
+    await checkpointer.aget(read_config)
+
+    # list checkpoints
+    [c async for c in checkpointer.alist(read_config)]
+```

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/__init__.py

@@ -1,59 +1,29 @@
-import json
-import pickle
 import sqlite3
 import threading
-from contextlib import AbstractContextManager, contextmanager
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 from hashlib import md5
-from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any, AsyncIterator, Dict, Iterator, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from typing_extensions import Self
 
-from langgraph.channels.base import BaseChannel
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
+    EmptyChannelError,
     SerializerProtocol,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
 )
-from langgraph.errors import EmptyChannelError
-from langgraph.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
-
-
-class JsonPlusSerializerCompat(JsonPlusSerializer):
-    """A serializer that supports loading pickled checkpoints for backwards compatibility.
-
-    This serializer extends the JsonPlusSerializer and adds support for loading pickled
-    checkpoints. If the input data starts with b"\x80" and ends with b".", it is treated
-    as a pickled checkpoint and loaded using pickle.loads(). Otherwise, the default
-    JsonPlusSerializer behavior is used.
-
-    Examples:
-        >>> import pickle
-        >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import JsonPlusSerializerCompat
-        >>>
-        >>> serializer = JsonPlusSerializerCompat()
-        >>> pickled_data = pickle.dumps({"key": "value"})
-        >>> loaded_data = serializer.loads(pickled_data)
-        >>> print(loaded_data)  # Output: {"key": "value"}
-        >>>
-        >>> json_data = '{"key": "value"}'.encode("utf-8")
-        >>> loaded_data = serializer.loads(json_data)
-        >>> print(loaded_data)  # Output: {"key": "value"}
-    """
-
-    def loads(self, data: bytes) -> Any:
-        if data.startswith(b"\x80") and data.endswith(b"."):
-            return pickle.loads(data)
-        return super().loads(data)
-
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import ChannelProtocol
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where
 
 _AIO_ERROR_MSG = (
     "The SqliteSaver does not support async methods. "
     "Consider using AsyncSqliteSaver instead.\n"
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.aiosqlite import AsyncSqliteSaver\n"
+    "from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver\n"
     "Note: AsyncSqliteSaver requires the aiosqlite package to use.\n"
     "Install with:\n`pip install aiosqlite`\n"
     "See https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/checkpoints/asyncsqlitesaver"
@@ -61,7 +31,7 @@ _AIO_ERROR_MSG = (
 )
 
 
-class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
+class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
     """A checkpoint saver that stores checkpoints in a SQLite database.
 
     Note:
@@ -92,11 +62,9 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         >>> graph.get_state(config)
         >>> result = graph.invoke(3, config)
         >>> graph.get_state(config)
-        StateSnapshot(values=4, next=(), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'thread_ts': '2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00'}}, parent_config=None)
+        StateSnapshot(values=4, next=(), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '0c62ca34-ac19-445d-bbb0-5b4984975b2a'}}, parent_config=None)
     """  # noqa
 
-    serde = JsonPlusSerializerCompat()
-
     conn: sqlite3.Connection
     is_setup: bool
 
@@ -107,48 +75,40 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(serde=serde)
+        self.jsonplus_serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
         self.conn = conn
         self.is_setup = False
         self.lock = threading.Lock()
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_conn_string(cls, conn_string: str) -> "SqliteSaver":
+    @contextmanager
+    def from_conn_string(cls, conn_string: str) -> Iterator["SqliteSaver"]:
         """Create a new SqliteSaver instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
             conn_string (str): The SQLite connection string.
 
-        Returns:
+        Yields:
             SqliteSaver: A new SqliteSaver instance.
 
         Examples:
 
             In memory:
 
-                memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:")
+                with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as memory:
+                    ...
 
             To disk:
 
-                memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string("checkpoints.sqlite")
+                with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string("checkpoints.sqlite") as memory:
+                    ...
         """
-        return SqliteSaver(
-            conn=sqlite3.connect(
-                conn_string,
-                # https://ricardoanderegg.com/posts/python-sqlite-thread-safety/
-                check_same_thread=False,
-            )
-        )
-
-    def __enter__(self) -> Self:
-        return self
-
-    def __exit__(
-        self,
-        __exc_type: Optional[type[BaseException]],
-        __exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
-        __traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
-    ) -> Optional[bool]:
-        return self.conn.close()
+        with sqlite3.connect(
+            conn_string,
+            # https://ricardoanderegg.com/posts/python-sqlite-thread-safety/
+            check_same_thread=False,
+        ) as conn:
+            yield SqliteSaver(conn)
 
     def setup(self) -> None:
         """Set up the checkpoint database.
@@ -165,20 +125,24 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
             PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL;
             CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints (
                 thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                thread_ts TEXT NOT NULL,
-                parent_ts TEXT,
+                checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+                parent_checkpoint_id TEXT,
+                type TEXT,
                 checkpoint BLOB,
                 metadata BLOB,
-                PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, thread_ts)
+                PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
             );
             CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS writes (
                 thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                thread_ts TEXT NOT NULL,
+                checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                 task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                 idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
                 channel TEXT NOT NULL,
+                type TEXT,
                 value BLOB,
-                PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, thread_ts, task_id, idx)
+                PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx)
             );
             """
         )
@@ -211,8 +175,8 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the SQLite database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "thread_ts" key, the checkpoint with
-        the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
+        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        the matching thread ID and checkpoint ID is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
         for the given thread ID is retrieved.
 
         Args:
@@ -229,68 +193,82 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
             >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
             CheckpointTuple(...)
 
-            With timestamp:
+            With checkpoint ID:
 
             >>> config = {
             ...    "configurable": {
             ...        "thread_id": "1",
-            ...        "thread_ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00",
+            ...        "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            ...        "checkpoint_id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
             ...    }
             ... }
             >>> checkpoint_tuple = memory.get_tuple(config)
             >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
             CheckpointTuple(...)
         """  # noqa
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
         with self.cursor(transaction=False) as cur:
             # find the latest checkpoint for the thread_id
-            if config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"):
+            if checkpoint_id := get_checkpoint_id(config):
                 cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND thread_ts = ?",
+                    "SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id = ?",
                     (
                         str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                        str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                        checkpoint_ns,
+                        checkpoint_id,
                     ),
                 )
             else:
                 cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? ORDER BY thread_ts DESC LIMIT 1",
-                    (str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),),
+                    "SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC LIMIT 1",
+                    (str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]), checkpoint_ns),
                 )
             # if a checkpoint is found, return it
             if value := cur.fetchone():
-                if not config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"):
+                (
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    parent_checkpoint_id,
+                    type,
+                    checkpoint,
+                    metadata,
+                ) = value
+                if not get_checkpoint_id(config):
                     config = {
                         "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value[0],
-                            "thread_ts": value[1],
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
                         }
                     }
                 # find any pending writes
                 cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT task_id, channel, value FROM writes WHERE thread_id = ? AND thread_ts = ?",
+                    "SELECT task_id, channel, type, value FROM writes WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id = ?",
                     (
                         str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                        str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                        checkpoint_ns,
+                        str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                     ),
                 )
                 # deserialize the checkpoint and metadata
                 return CheckpointTuple(
                     config,
-                    self.serde.loads(value[3]),
-                    self.serde.loads(value[4]) if value[4] is not None else {},
+                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
+                    self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                     (
                         {
                             "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": value[0],
-                                "thread_ts": value[2],
+                                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                                "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                             }
                         }
-                        if value[2]
+                        if parent_checkpoint_id
                         else None
                     ),
                     [
-                        (task_id, channel, self.serde.loads(value))
-                        for task_id, channel, value in cur
+                        (task_id, channel, self.serde.loads_typed((type, value)))
+                        for task_id, channel, type, value in cur
                     ],
                 )
 
@@ -305,12 +283,12 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         """List checkpoints from the database.
 
         This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the SQLite database based
-        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by timestamp in descending order.
+        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by checkpoint ID in descending order (newest first).
 
         Args:
             config (RunnableConfig): The config to use for listing the checkpoints.
             filter (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Additional filtering criteria for metadata. Defaults to None.
-            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): If provided, only checkpoints before the specified timestamp are returned. Defaults to None.
+            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
             limit (Optional[int]): The maximum number of checkpoints to return. Defaults to None.
 
         Yields:
@@ -318,41 +296,58 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
 
         Examples:
             >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
-            >>> memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:")
+            >>> with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as memory:
             ... # Run a graph, then list the checkpoints
-            >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-            >>> checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, limit=2))
+            >>>     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+            >>>     checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, limit=2))
             >>> print(checkpoints)
             [CheckpointTuple(...), CheckpointTuple(...)]
 
             >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-            >>> before = {"configurable": {"thread_ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00"}}
-            >>> checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, before=before))
+            >>> before = {"configurable": {"checkpoint_id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875"}}
+            >>> with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as memory:
+            ... # Run a graph, then list the checkpoints
+            >>>     checkpoints = list(memory.list(config, before=before))
             >>> print(checkpoints)
             [CheckpointTuple(...), ...]
         """
         where, param_values = search_where(config, filter, before)
-        query = f"""SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata
+        query = f"""SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata
         FROM checkpoints
         {where}
-        ORDER BY thread_ts DESC"""
+        ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"""
         if limit:
             query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
         with self.cursor(transaction=False) as cur:
             cur.execute(query, param_values)
-            for thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, value, metadata in cur:
+            for (
+                thread_id,
+                checkpoint_ns,
+                checkpoint_id,
+                parent_checkpoint_id,
+                type,
+                checkpoint,
+                metadata,
+            ) in cur:
                 yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    {"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id, "thread_ts": thread_ts}},
-                    self.serde.loads(value),
-                    self.serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
+                        }
+                    },
+                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
+                    self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                     (
                         {
                             "configurable": {
                                 "thread_id": thread_id,
-                                "thread_ts": parent_ts,
+                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                                "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                             }
                         }
-                        if parent_ts
+                        if parent_checkpoint_id
                         else None
                     ),
                 )
@@ -362,6 +357,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Save a checkpoint to the database.
 
@@ -371,37 +367,44 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         Args:
             config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
-            metadata (Optional[dict[str, Any]]): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint. Defaults to None.
+            metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
 
         Returns:
-            RunnableConfig: The updated config containing the saved checkpoint's timestamp.
+            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
 
         Examples:
 
             >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
-            >>> memory = SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:")
-            ... # Run a graph, then list the checkpoints
-            >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-            >>> checkpoint = {"ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00", "data": {"key": "value"}}
-            >>> saved_config = memory.put(config, checkpoint, {"source": "input", "step": 1, "writes": {"key": "value"}})
+            >>> with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as memory:
+            >>>     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+            >>>     checkpoint = {"ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00", "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875", "data": {"key": "value"}}
+            >>>     saved_config = memory.put(config, checkpoint, {"source": "input", "step": 1, "writes": {"key": "value"}}, {})
             >>> print(saved_config)
-            {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "thread_ts": 2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00"}}
+            {'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875'}}
         """
+        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
+        type_, serialized_checkpoint = self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint)
+        serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(metadata)
         with self.lock, self.cursor() as cur:
             cur.execute(
-                "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO checkpoints (thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+                "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO checkpoints (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
                 (
                     str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
+                    checkpoint_ns,
                     checkpoint["id"],
-                    config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"),
-                    self.serde.dumps(checkpoint),
-                    self.serde.dumps(metadata),
+                    config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_id"),
+                    type_,
+                    serialized_checkpoint,
+                    serialized_metadata,
                 ),
             )
         return {
             "configurable": {
-                "thread_id": config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
-                "thread_ts": checkpoint["id"],
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
             }
         }
 
@@ -422,15 +425,16 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         """
         with self.lock, self.cursor() as cur:
             cur.executemany(
-                "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, thread_ts, task_id, idx, channel, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+                "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
                 [
                     (
                         str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                        str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                        str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]),
+                        str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                         task_id,
                         idx,
                         channel,
-                        self.serde.dumps(value),
+                        *self.serde.dumps_typed(value),
                     )
                     for idx, (channel, value) in enumerate(writes)
                 ],
@@ -476,7 +480,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError(_AIO_ERROR_MSG)
 
-    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[str], channel: BaseChannel) -> str:
+    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[str], channel: ChannelProtocol) -> str:
         """Generate the next version ID for a channel.
 
         This method creates a new version identifier for a channel based on its current version.
@@ -494,86 +498,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager):
             current_v = int(current.split(".")[0])
         next_v = current_v + 1
         try:
-            next_h = md5(self.serde.dumps(channel.checkpoint())).hexdigest()
+            next_h = md5(self.serde.dumps_typed(channel.checkpoint())[1]).hexdigest()
         except EmptyChannelError:
             next_h = ""
         return f"{next_v:032}.{next_h}"
-
-
-def _metadata_predicate(
-    metadata_filter: Dict[str, Any],
-) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Sequence[Any]]:
-    """Return WHERE clause predicates for (a)search() given metadata filter.
-
-    This method returns a tuple of a string and a tuple of values. The string
-    is the parametered WHERE clause predicate (excluding the WHERE keyword):
-    "column1 = ? AND column2 IS ?". The tuple of values contains the values
-    for each of the corresponding parameters.
-    """
-
-    def _where_value(query_value: Any) -> Tuple[str, Any]:
-        """Return tuple of operator and value for WHERE clause predicate."""
-        if query_value is None:
-            return ("IS ?", None)
-        elif (
-            isinstance(query_value, str)
-            or isinstance(query_value, int)
-            or isinstance(query_value, float)
-        ):
-            return ("= ?", query_value)
-        elif isinstance(query_value, bool):
-            return ("= ?", 1 if query_value else 0)
-        elif isinstance(query_value, dict) or isinstance(query_value, list):
-            # query value for JSON object cannot have trailing space after separators (, :)
-            # SQLite json_extract() returns JSON string without whitespace
-            return ("= ?", json.dumps(query_value, separators=(",", ":")))
-        else:
-            return ("= ?", str(query_value))
-
-    predicates = []
-    param_values = []
-
-    # process metadata query
-    for query_key, query_value in metadata_filter.items():
-        operator, param_value = _where_value(query_value)
-        predicates.append(
-            f"json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.{query_key}') {operator}"
-        )
-        param_values.append(param_value)
-
-    return (predicates, param_values)
-
-
-def search_where(
-    config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
-    filter: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
-    before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-) -> Tuple[str, Sequence[Any]]:
-    """Return WHERE clause predicates for (a)search() given metadata filter
-    and `before` config.
-
-    This method returns a tuple of a string and a tuple of values. The string
-    is the parametered WHERE clause predicate (including the WHERE keyword):
-    "WHERE column1 = ? AND column2 IS ?". The tuple of values contains the
-    values for each of the corresponding parameters.
-    """
-    wheres = []
-    param_values = []
-
-    # construct predicate for config filter
-    if config is not None:
-        wheres.append("thread_id = ?")
-        param_values.append(config["configurable"]["thread_id"])
-
-    # construct predicate for metadata filter
-    if filter:
-        metadata_predicates, metadata_values = _metadata_predicate(filter)
-        wheres.extend(metadata_predicates)
-        param_values.extend(metadata_values)
-
-    # construct predicate for `before`
-    if before is not None:
-        wheres.append("thread_ts < ?")
-        param_values.append(before["configurable"]["thread_ts"])
-
-    return ("WHERE " + " AND ".join(wheres) if wheres else "", param_values)

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/aio.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import functools
-from contextlib import AbstractAsyncContextManager
-from types import TracebackType
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from typing import (
     Any,
     AsyncIterator,
@@ -15,16 +14,18 @@ from typing import (
 
 import aiosqlite
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from typing_extensions import Self
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
     SerializerProtocol,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
 )
-from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import JsonPlusSerializerCompat, search_where
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where
 
 T = TypeVar("T", bound=callable)
 
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ def not_implemented_sync_method(func: T) -> T:
     return wrapper
 
 
-class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
+class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
     """An asynchronous checkpoint saver that stores checkpoints in a SQLite database.
 
     This class provides an asynchronous interface for saving and retrieving checkpoints
@@ -84,19 +85,18 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
 
         ```pycon
         >>> import asyncio
-        >>> import aiosqlite
         >>>
-        >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.aiosqlite import AsyncSqliteSaver
+        >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
         >>> from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
         >>>
         >>> builder = StateGraph(int)
         >>> builder.add_node("add_one", lambda x: x + 1)
         >>> builder.set_entry_point("add_one")
         >>> builder.set_finish_point("add_one")
-        >>> memory = AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string("checkpoints.sqlite")
-        >>> graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
-        >>> coro = graph.ainvoke(1, {"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-1"}})
-        >>> asyncio.run(coro)
+        >>> async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string("checkpoints.db") as memory:
+        >>>     graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
+        >>>     coro = graph.ainvoke(1, {"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-1"}})
+        >>>     print(asyncio.run(coro))
         Output: 2
         ```
         Raw usage:
@@ -104,23 +104,20 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         ```pycon
         >>> import asyncio
         >>> import aiosqlite
-        >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.aiosqlite import AsyncSqliteSaver
+        >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
         >>>
         >>> async def main():
         >>>     async with aiosqlite.connect("checkpoints.db") as conn:
         ...         saver = AsyncSqliteSaver(conn)
         ...         config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
         ...         checkpoint = {"ts": "2023-05-03T10:00:00Z", "data": {"key": "value"}}
-        ...         saved_config = await saver.aput(config, checkpoint)
+        ...         saved_config = await saver.aput(config, checkpoint, {}, {})
         ...         print(saved_config)
         >>> asyncio.run(main())
-        {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "thread_ts": "2023-05-03T10:00:00Z"}}
+        {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_id": "0c62ca34-ac19-445d-bbb0-5b4984975b2a"}}
         ```
     """
 
-    serde = JsonPlusSerializerCompat()
-
-    conn: aiosqlite.Connection
     lock: asyncio.Lock
     is_setup: bool
 
@@ -131,33 +128,26 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
     ):
         super().__init__(serde=serde)
+        self.jsonplus_serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
         self.conn = conn
         self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
         self.is_setup = False
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_conn_string(cls, conn_string: str) -> "AsyncSqliteSaver":
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def from_conn_string(
+        cls, conn_string: str
+    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncSqliteSaver"]:
         """Create a new AsyncSqliteSaver instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
             conn_string (str): The SQLite connection string.
 
-        Returns:
+        Yields:
             AsyncSqliteSaver: A new AsyncSqliteSaver instance.
         """
-        return AsyncSqliteSaver(conn=aiosqlite.connect(conn_string))
-
-    async def __aenter__(self) -> Self:
-        return self
-
-    async def __aexit__(
-        self,
-        __exc_type: Optional[type[BaseException]],
-        __exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
-        __traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
-    ) -> Optional[bool]:
-        if self.is_setup:
-            return await self.conn.close()
+        async with aiosqlite.connect(conn_string) as conn:
+            yield AsyncSqliteSaver(conn)
 
     @not_implemented_sync_method
     def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
@@ -210,20 +200,24 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
                 PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL;
                 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints (
                     thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                    thread_ts TEXT NOT NULL,
-                    parent_ts TEXT,
+                    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    parent_checkpoint_id TEXT,
+                    type TEXT,
                     checkpoint BLOB,
                     metadata BLOB,
-                    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, thread_ts)
+                    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
                 );
                 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS writes (
                     thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-                    thread_ts TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+                    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                     task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
                     idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
                     channel TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    type TEXT,
                     value BLOB,
-                    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, thread_ts, task_id, idx)
+                    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx)
                 );
                 """
             ):
@@ -235,8 +229,8 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the SQLite database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "thread_ts" key, the checkpoint with
-        the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
+        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        the matching thread ID and checkpoint ID is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
         for the given thread ID is retrieved.
 
         Args:
@@ -246,56 +240,69 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
             Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
         """
         await self.setup()
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
         async with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
             # find the latest checkpoint for the thread_id
-            if config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"):
+            if checkpoint_id := get_checkpoint_id(config):
                 await cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND thread_ts = ?",
+                    "SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id = ?",
                     (
                         str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                        str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                        checkpoint_ns,
+                        checkpoint_id,
                     ),
                 )
             else:
                 await cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? ORDER BY thread_ts DESC LIMIT 1",
-                    (str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),),
+                    "SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC LIMIT 1",
+                    (str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]), checkpoint_ns),
                 )
             # if a checkpoint is found, return it
             if value := await cur.fetchone():
-                if not config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"):
+                (
+                    thread_id,
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    parent_checkpoint_id,
+                    type,
+                    checkpoint,
+                    metadata,
+                ) = value
+                if not get_checkpoint_id(config):
                     config = {
                         "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value[0],
-                            "thread_ts": value[1],
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
                         }
                     }
                 # find any pending writes
                 await cur.execute(
-                    "SELECT task_id, channel, value FROM writes WHERE thread_id = ? AND thread_ts = ?",
+                    "SELECT task_id, channel, type, value FROM writes WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id = ?",
                     (
                         str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                        str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                        checkpoint_ns,
+                        str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                     ),
                 )
                 # deserialize the checkpoint and metadata
                 return CheckpointTuple(
                     config,
-                    self.serde.loads(value[3]),
-                    self.serde.loads(value[4]) if value[4] is not None else {},
+                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
+                    self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                     (
                         {
                             "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": value[0],
-                                "thread_ts": value[2],
+                                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                                "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                             }
                         }
-                        if value[2]
+                        if parent_checkpoint_id
                         else None
                     ),
                     [
-                        (task_id, channel, self.serde.loads(value))
-                        async for task_id, channel, value in cur
+                        (task_id, channel, self.serde.loads_typed((type, value)))
+                        async for task_id, channel, type, value in cur
                     ],
                 )
 
@@ -310,12 +317,12 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         """List checkpoints from the database asynchronously.
 
         This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the SQLite database based
-        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by timestamp in descending order.
+        on the provided config. The checkpoints are ordered by checkpoint ID in descending order (newest first).
 
         Args:
             config (Optional[RunnableConfig]): Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
             filter (Optional[Dict[str, Any]]): Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
-            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): List checkpoints created before this configuration.
+            before (Optional[RunnableConfig]): If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
             limit (Optional[int]): Maximum number of checkpoints to return.
 
         Yields:
@@ -323,26 +330,41 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         """
         await self.setup()
         where, param_values = search_where(config, filter, before)
-        query = f"""SELECT thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata
+        query = f"""SELECT thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata
         FROM checkpoints
         {where}
-        ORDER BY thread_ts DESC"""
+        ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"""
         if limit:
             query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
         async with self.conn.execute(query, param_values) as cursor:
-            async for thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, value, metadata in cursor:
+            async for (
+                thread_id,
+                checkpoint_ns,
+                checkpoint_id,
+                parent_checkpoint_id,
+                type,
+                checkpoint,
+                metadata,
+            ) in cursor:
                 yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    {"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id, "thread_ts": thread_ts}},
-                    self.serde.loads(value),
-                    self.serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
+                        }
+                    },
+                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
+                    self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                     (
                         {
                             "configurable": {
                                 "thread_id": thread_id,
-                                "thread_ts": parent_ts,
+                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                                "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                             }
                         }
-                        if parent_ts
+                        if parent_checkpoint_id
                         else None
                     ),
                 )
@@ -352,6 +374,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Save a checkpoint to the database asynchronously.
 
@@ -362,26 +385,34 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
             config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
             metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
 
         Returns:
-            RunnableConfig: The updated config containing the saved checkpoint's timestamp.
+            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
         """
         await self.setup()
+        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
+        type_, serialized_checkpoint = self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint)
+        serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(metadata)
         async with self.conn.execute(
-            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO checkpoints (thread_id, thread_ts, parent_ts, checkpoint, metadata) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO checkpoints (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
             (
                 str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
+                checkpoint_ns,
                 checkpoint["id"],
-                config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"),
-                self.serde.dumps(checkpoint),
-                self.serde.dumps(metadata),
+                config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_id"),
+                type_,
+                serialized_checkpoint,
+                serialized_metadata,
             ),
         ):
             await self.conn.commit()
         return {
             "configurable": {
-                "thread_id": config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
-                "thread_ts": checkpoint["id"],
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
             }
         }
 
@@ -402,15 +433,16 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         """
         await self.setup()
         async with self.conn.executemany(
-            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, thread_ts, task_id, idx, channel, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+            "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx, channel, type, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
             [
                 (
                     str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"]),
-                    str(config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]),
+                    str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]),
+                    str(config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]),
                     task_id,
                     idx,
                     channel,
-                    self.serde.dumps(value),
+                    *self.serde.dumps_typed(value),
                 )
                 for idx, (channel, value) in enumerate(writes)
             ],

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import get_checkpoint_id
+
+
+def _metadata_predicate(
+    metadata_filter: Dict[str, Any],
+) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Sequence[Any]]:
+    """Return WHERE clause predicates for (a)search() given metadata filter.
+
+    This method returns a tuple of a string and a tuple of values. The string
+    is the parametered WHERE clause predicate (excluding the WHERE keyword):
+    "column1 = ? AND column2 IS ?". The tuple of values contains the values
+    for each of the corresponding parameters.
+    """
+
+    def _where_value(query_value: Any) -> Tuple[str, Any]:
+        """Return tuple of operator and value for WHERE clause predicate."""
+        if query_value is None:
+            return ("IS ?", None)
+        elif (
+            isinstance(query_value, str)
+            or isinstance(query_value, int)
+            or isinstance(query_value, float)
+        ):
+            return ("= ?", query_value)
+        elif isinstance(query_value, bool):
+            return ("= ?", 1 if query_value else 0)
+        elif isinstance(query_value, dict) or isinstance(query_value, list):
+            # query value for JSON object cannot have trailing space after separators (, :)
+            # SQLite json_extract() returns JSON string without whitespace
+            return ("= ?", json.dumps(query_value, separators=(",", ":")))
+        else:
+            return ("= ?", str(query_value))
+
+    predicates = []
+    param_values = []
+
+    # process metadata query
+    for query_key, query_value in metadata_filter.items():
+        operator, param_value = _where_value(query_value)
+        predicates.append(
+            f"json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.{query_key}') {operator}"
+        )
+        param_values.append(param_value)
+
+    return (predicates, param_values)
+
+
+def search_where(
+    config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+    filter: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
+    before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+) -> Tuple[str, Sequence[Any]]:
+    """Return WHERE clause predicates for (a)search() given metadata filter
+    and `before` config.
+
+    This method returns a tuple of a string and a tuple of values. The string
+    is the parametered WHERE clause predicate (including the WHERE keyword):
+    "WHERE column1 = ? AND column2 IS ?". The tuple of values contains the
+    values for each of the corresponding parameters.
+    """
+    wheres = []
+    param_values = []
+
+    # construct predicate for config filter
+    if config is not None:
+        wheres.append("thread_id = ?")
+        param_values.append(config["configurable"]["thread_id"])
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        wheres.append("checkpoint_ns = ?")
+        param_values.append(checkpoint_ns)
+
+    # construct predicate for metadata filter
+    if filter:
+        metadata_predicates, metadata_values = _metadata_predicate(filter)
+        wheres.extend(metadata_predicates)
+        param_values.extend(metadata_values)
+
+    # construct predicate for `before`
+    if before is not None:
+        wheres.append("checkpoint_id < ?")
+        param_values.append(get_checkpoint_id(before))
+
+    return ("WHERE " + " AND ".join(wheres) if wheres else "", param_values)

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/poetry.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,835 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 1.8.3 and should not be changed by hand.
+
+[[package]]
+name = "aiosqlite"
+version = "0.20.0"
+description = "asyncio bridge to the standard sqlite3 module"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+files = [
+    {file = "aiosqlite-0.20.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:36a1deaca0cac40ebe32aac9977a6e2bbc7f5189f23f4a54d5908986729e5bd6"},
+    {file = "aiosqlite-0.20.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:6d35c8c256637f4672f843c31021464090805bf925385ac39473fb16eaaca3d7"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+typing_extensions = ">=4.0"
+
+[package.extras]
+dev = ["attribution (==1.7.0)", "black (==24.2.0)", "coverage[toml] (==7.4.1)", "flake8 (==7.0.0)", "flake8-bugbear (==24.2.6)", "flit (==3.9.0)", "mypy (==1.8.0)", "ufmt (==2.3.0)", "usort (==1.0.8.post1)"]
+docs = ["sphinx (==7.2.6)", "sphinx-mdinclude (==0.5.3)"]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "annotated-types"
+version = "0.7.0"
+description = "Reusable constraint types to use with typing.Annotated"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+files = [
+    {file = "annotated_types-0.7.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:1f02e8b43a8fbbc3f3e0d4f0f4bfc8131bcb4eebe8849b8e5c773f3a1c582a53"},
+    {file = "annotated_types-0.7.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:aff07c09a53a08bc8cfccb9c85b05f1aa9a2a6f23728d790723543408344ce89"},
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "certifi"
+version = "2024.7.4"
+description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle."
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.6"
+files = [
+    {file = "certifi-2024.7.4-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c198e21b1289c2ab85ee4e67bb4b4ef3ead0892059901a8d5b622f24a1101e90"},
+    {file = "certifi-2024.7.4.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:5a1e7645bc0ec61a09e26c36f6106dd4cf40c6db3a1fb6352b0244e7fb057c7b"},
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "charset-normalizer"
+version = "3.3.2"
+description = "The Real First Universal Charset Detector. Open, modern and actively maintained alternative to Chardet."
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.7.0"
+files = [
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+optional = false
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+zstd = ["zstandard (>=0.18.0)"]
+
+[[package]]
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+description = "Filesystem events monitoring"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
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+    {file = "watchdog-4.0.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:eebaacf674fa25511e8867028d281e602ee6500045b57f43b08778082f7f8b44"},
+]
+
+[package.extras]
+watchmedo = ["PyYAML (>=3.10)"]
+
+[metadata]
+lock-version = "2.0"
+python-versions = "^3.9.0"
+content-hash = "e073e1a73cdae1fae8ea46499c39e55980cb61c7c8bd6be774c64f80a627eb31"

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+[tool.poetry]
+name = "langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite"
+version = "1.0.0"
+description = "Library with a SQLite implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
+authors = []
+license = "MIT"
+readme = "README.md"
+repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"
+packages = [{ include = "langgraph" }]
+
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.9.0"
+langgraph-checkpoint = "^1.0.1"
+aiosqlite = "^0.20.0"
+
+[tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
+ruff = "^0.1.4"
+codespell = "^2.2.0"
+pytest = "^7.2.1"
+pytest-asyncio = "^0.21.1"
+pytest-mock = "^3.11.1"
+pytest-watcher = "^0.4.1"
+mypy = "^1.10.0"
+langgraph-checkpoint = {path = "../checkpoint", develop = true}
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+# --strict-markers will raise errors on unknown marks.
+# https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/how-to/mark.html#raising-errors-on-unknown-marks
+#
+# https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.1.x/reference/reference.html
+# --strict-config       any warnings encountered while parsing the `pytest`
+#                       section of the configuration file raise errors.
+addopts = "--strict-markers --strict-config --durations=5 -vv"
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
+
+[tool.ruff]
+lint.select = [
+  "E",  # pycodestyle
+  "F",  # Pyflakes
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
+  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
+  "I",  # isort
+]
+lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008", "UP007", "UP006"]
+
+[tool.pytest-watcher]
+now = true
+delay = 0.1
+runner_args = ["--ff", "-v", "--tb", "short"]
+patterns = ["*.py"]

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_aiosqlite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    create_checkpoint,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
+
+
+class TestAsyncSqliteSaver:
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    def setup(self):
+        # objects for test setup
+        self.config_1: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-1",
+                # for backwards compatibility testing
+                "thread_ts": "1",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_2: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_3: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2-inner",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.chkpnt_1: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+        self.chkpnt_2: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(self.chkpnt_1, {}, 1)
+        self.chkpnt_3: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+
+        self.metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "input",
+            "step": 2,
+            "writes": {},
+            "score": 1,
+        }
+        self.metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "loop",
+            "step": 1,
+            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            "score": None,
+        }
+        self.metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
+
+    async def test_asearch(self):
+        async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+            await saver.aput(self.config_1, self.chkpnt_1, self.metadata_1, {})
+            await saver.aput(self.config_2, self.chkpnt_2, self.metadata_2, {})
+            await saver.aput(self.config_3, self.chkpnt_3, self.metadata_3, {})
+
+            # call method / assertions
+            query_1: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
+            query_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+                "step": 1,
+                "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            }  # search by multiple keys
+            query_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
+            query_4: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
+
+            search_results_1 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_1)]
+            assert len(search_results_1) == 1
+            assert search_results_1[0].metadata == self.metadata_1
+
+            search_results_2 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_2)]
+            assert len(search_results_2) == 1
+            assert search_results_2[0].metadata == self.metadata_2
+
+            search_results_3 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_3)]
+            assert len(search_results_3) == 3
+
+            search_results_4 = [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter=query_4)]
+            assert len(search_results_4) == 0
+
+            # search by config (defaults to root graph checkpoints)
+            search_results_5 = [
+                c
+                async for c in saver.alist({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-2"}})
+            ]
+            assert len(search_results_5) == 1
+            assert search_results_5[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == ""
+
+            # search by config and checkpoint_ns
+            search_results_6 = [
+                c
+                async for c in saver.alist(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                            "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+                        }
+                    }
+                )
+            ]
+            assert len(search_results_6) == 1
+            assert (
+                search_results_6[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == "inner"
+            )
+
+            # TODO: test before and limit params

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_sqlite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    create_checkpoint,
+    empty_checkpoint,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import _metadata_predicate, search_where
+
+
+class TestSqliteSaver:
+    @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+    def setup(self):
+        # objects for test setup
+        self.config_1: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-1",
+                # for backwards compatibility testing
+                "thread_ts": "1",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_2: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+        self.config_3: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_id": "2-inner",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.chkpnt_1: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+        self.chkpnt_2: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(self.chkpnt_1, {}, 1)
+        self.chkpnt_3: Checkpoint = empty_checkpoint()
+
+        self.metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "input",
+            "step": 2,
+            "writes": {},
+            "score": 1,
+        }
+        self.metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+            "source": "loop",
+            "step": 1,
+            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            "score": None,
+        }
+        self.metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
+
+    def test_search(self):
+        with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+            # set up test
+            # save checkpoints
+            saver.put(self.config_1, self.chkpnt_1, self.metadata_1, {})
+            saver.put(self.config_2, self.chkpnt_2, self.metadata_2, {})
+            saver.put(self.config_3, self.chkpnt_3, self.metadata_3, {})
+
+            # call method / assertions
+            query_1: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
+            query_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
+                "step": 1,
+                "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
+            }  # search by multiple keys
+            query_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
+            query_4: CheckpointMetadata = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
+
+            search_results_1 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_1))
+            assert len(search_results_1) == 1
+            assert search_results_1[0].metadata == self.metadata_1
+
+            search_results_2 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_2))
+            assert len(search_results_2) == 1
+            assert search_results_2[0].metadata == self.metadata_2
+
+            search_results_3 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_3))
+            assert len(search_results_3) == 3
+
+            search_results_4 = list(saver.list(None, filter=query_4))
+            assert len(search_results_4) == 0
+
+            # search by config (defaults to root graph checkpoints)
+            search_results_5 = list(
+                saver.list({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-2"}})
+            )
+            assert len(search_results_5) == 1
+            assert search_results_5[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == ""
+
+            # search by config and checkpoint_ns
+            search_results_6 = list(
+                saver.list(
+                    {
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                            "checkpoint_ns": "inner",
+                        }
+                    }
+                )
+            )
+            assert len(search_results_6) == 1
+            assert (
+                search_results_6[0].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"] == "inner"
+            )
+
+            # TODO: test before and limit params
+
+    def test_search_where(self):
+        # call method / assertions
+        expected_predicate_1 = "WHERE json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.source') = ? AND json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.step') = ? AND json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.writes') = ? AND json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.score') = ? AND checkpoint_id < ?"
+        expected_param_values_1 = ["input", 2, "{}", 1, "1"]
+        assert search_where(None, self.metadata_1, self.config_1) == (
+            expected_predicate_1,
+            expected_param_values_1,
+        )
+
+    def test_metadata_predicate(self):
+        # call method / assertions
+        expected_predicate_1 = [
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.source') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.step') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.writes') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.score') = ?",
+        ]
+        expected_predicate_2 = [
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.source') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.step') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.writes') = ?",
+            "json_extract(CAST(metadata AS TEXT), '$.score') IS ?",
+        ]
+        expected_predicate_3 = []
+
+        expected_param_values_1 = ["input", 2, "{}", 1]
+        expected_param_values_2 = ["loop", 1, '{"foo":"bar"}', None]
+        expected_param_values_3 = []
+
+        assert _metadata_predicate(self.metadata_1) == (
+            expected_predicate_1,
+            expected_param_values_1,
+        )
+        assert _metadata_predicate(self.metadata_2) == (
+            expected_predicate_2,
+            expected_param_values_2,
+        )
+        assert _metadata_predicate(self.metadata_3) == (
+            expected_predicate_3,
+            expected_param_values_3,
+        )
+
+    async def test_informative_async_errors(self):
+        with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+            # call method / assertions
+            with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="AsyncSqliteSaver"):
+                await saver.aget(self.config_1)
+            with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="AsyncSqliteSaver"):
+                await saver.aget_tuple(self.config_1)
+            with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="AsyncSqliteSaver"):
+                async for _ in saver.alist(self.config_1):
+                    pass

libs/checkpoint/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 LangChain, Inc.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

libs/checkpoint/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+.PHONY: test test_watch lint format
+
+######################
+# TESTING AND COVERAGE
+######################
+
+test:
+	poetry run pytest tests
+
+test_watch:
+	poetry run ptw .
+
+######################
+# LINTING AND FORMATTING
+######################
+
+# Define a variable for Python and notebook files.
+PYTHON_FILES=.
+MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache
+lint format: PYTHON_FILES=.
+lint_diff format_diff: PYTHON_FILES=$(shell git diff --name-only --relative --diff-filter=d main . | grep -E '\.py$$|\.ipynb$$')
+lint_package: PYTHON_FILES=langgraph
+lint_tests: PYTHON_FILES=tests
+lint_tests: MYPY_CACHE=.mypy_cache_test
+
+lint lint_diff lint_package lint_tests:
+	poetry run ruff .
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES) --diff
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || poetry run ruff --select I $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	[ "$(PYTHON_FILES)" = "" ] || mkdir -p $(MYPY_CACHE) || poetry run mypy $(PYTHON_FILES) --cache-dir $(MYPY_CACHE)
+
+format format_diff:
+	poetry run ruff format $(PYTHON_FILES)
+	poetry run ruff --select I --fix $(PYTHON_FILES)

libs/checkpoint/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# LangGraph Checkpoint
+
+This library defines the base interface for LangGraph checkpointers. Checkpointers provide persistence layer for LangGraph. They allow you to interact with and manage the graph's state. When you use a graph with a checkpointer, the checkpointer saves a _checkpoint_ of the graph state at every superstep, enabling several powerful capabilities like human-in-the-loop, "memory" between interactions and more.
+
+## Key concepts
+
+### Checkpoint
+
+Checkpoint is a snapshot of the graph state at a given point in time. Checkpoint tuple refers to an object containing checkpoint and the associated config, metadata and pending writes.
+
+### Thread
+
+Threads enable the checkpointing of multiple different runs, making them essential for multi-tenant chat applications and other scenarios where maintaining separate states is necessary. A thread is a unique ID assigned to a series of checkpoints saved by a checkpointer. When using a checkpointer, you must specify a `thread_id` and optionally `checkpoint_id` when running the graph.
+
+- `thread_id` is simply the ID of a thread. This is always required
+- `checkpoint_id` can optionally be passed. This identifier refers to a specific checkpoint within a thread. This can be used to kick of a run of a graph from some point halfway through a thread.
+
+You must pass these when invoking the graph as part of the configurable part of the config, e.g.
+
+```python
+{"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}  # valid config
+{"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_id": "0c62ca34-ac19-445d-bbb0-5b4984975b2a"}}  # also valid config
+```
+
+### Serde
+
+`langgraph_checkpoint` also defines protocol for serialization/deserialization (serde) and provides an default implementation (`langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus.JsonPlusSerializer`) that handles a wide variety of types, including LangChain and LangGraph primitives, datetimes, enums and more.
+
+### Pending writes
+
+When a graph node fails mid-execution at a given superstep, LangGraph stores pending checkpoint writes from any other nodes that completed successfully at that superstep, so that whenever we resume graph execution from that superstep we don't re-run the successful nodes.
+
+## Interface
+
+Each checkpointer should conform to `langgraph.checkpoint.base.BaseCheckpointSaver` interface and must implement the following methods:
+
+- `.put` - Store a checkpoint with its configuration and metadata.
+- `.put_writes` - Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint (i.e. pending writes).
+- `.get_tuple` - Fetch a checkpoint tuple using for a given configuration (`thread_id` and `thread_ts`).
+- `.list` - List checkpoints that match a given configuration and filter criteria.
+
+If the checkpointer will be used with asynchronous graph execution (i.e. executing the graph via `.ainvoke`, `.astream`, `.abatch`), checkpointer must implement asynchronous versions of the above methods (`.aput`, `.aput_writes`, `.aget_tuple`, `.alist`).
+
+## Usage
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
+
+write_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+read_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
+
+checkpointer = MemorySaver()
+checkpoint = {
+    "v": 1,
+    "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
+    "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
+    "channel_values": {
+      "my_key": "meow",
+      "node": "node"
+    },
+    "channel_versions": {
+      "__start__": 2,
+      "my_key": 3,
+      "start:node": 3,
+      "node": 3
+    },
+    "versions_seen": {
+      "__input__": {},
+      "__start__": {
+        "__start__": 1
+      },
+      "node": {
+        "start:node": 2
+      }
+    },
+    "pending_sends": [],
+    "current_tasks": {}
+}
+
+# store checkpoint
+checkpointer.put(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})
+
+# load checkpoint
+checkpointer.get(read_config)
+
+# list checkpoints
+list(checkpointer.list(read_config))
+```

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/base/__init__.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from typing import (
     Iterator,
     List,
     Literal,
+    Mapping,
     NamedTuple,
     Optional,
     Tuple,
@@ -17,11 +18,13 @@ from typing import (
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import ConfigurableFieldSpec, RunnableConfig
 
-from langgraph.channels.base import BaseChannel
-from langgraph.checkpoint.id import uuid6
-from langgraph.constants import Send
-from langgraph.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
-from langgraph.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol, maybe_add_typed_methods
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import (
+    ChannelProtocol,
+    SendProtocol,
+)
 
 V = TypeVar("V", int, float, str)
 PendingWrite = Tuple[str, str, Any]
@@ -50,7 +53,7 @@ class CheckpointMetadata(TypedDict, total=False):
     """
     score: Optional[int]
     """The score of the checkpoint.
-    
+
     The score can be used to mark a checkpoint as "good".
     """
 
@@ -59,35 +62,38 @@ class TaskInfo(TypedDict):
     status: Literal["scheduled", "success", "error"]
 
 
+ChannelVersions = dict[str, Union[str, int, float]]
+
+
 class Checkpoint(TypedDict):
     """State snapshot at a given point in time."""
 
     v: int
     """The version of the checkpoint format. Currently 1."""
     id: str
-    """The ID of the checkpoint. This is both unique and monotonically 
+    """The ID of the checkpoint. This is both unique and monotonically
     increasing, so can be used for sorting checkpoints from first to last."""
     ts: str
     """The timestamp of the checkpoint in ISO 8601 format."""
     channel_values: dict[str, Any]
     """The values of the channels at the time of the checkpoint.
-    
+
     Mapping from channel name to channel snapshot value.
     """
-    channel_versions: dict[str, Union[str, int, float]]
+    channel_versions: ChannelVersions
     """The versions of the channels at the time of the checkpoint.
-    
+
     The keys are channel names and the values are the logical time step
     at which the channel was last updated.
     """
-    versions_seen: dict[str, dict[str, Union[str, int, float]]]
+    versions_seen: dict[str, ChannelVersions]
     """Map from node ID to map from channel name to version seen.
-    
+
     This keeps track of the versions of the channels that each node has seen.
-    
+
     Used to determine which nodes to execute next.
     """
-    pending_sends: List[Send]
+    pending_sends: List[SendProtocol]
     """List of packets sent to nodes but not yet processed.
     Cleared by the next checkpoint."""
     current_tasks: Dict[str, TaskInfo]
@@ -120,6 +126,36 @@ def copy_checkpoint(checkpoint: Checkpoint) -> Checkpoint:
     )
 
 
+def create_checkpoint(
+    checkpoint: Checkpoint,
+    channels: Optional[Mapping[str, ChannelProtocol]],
+    step: int,
+    *,
+    id: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Checkpoint:
+    """Create a checkpoint for the given channels."""
+    ts = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    if channels is None:
+        values = checkpoint["channel_values"]
+    else:
+        values: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        for k, v in channels.items():
+            try:
+                values[k] = v.checkpoint()
+            except EmptyChannelError:
+                pass
+    return Checkpoint(
+        v=1,
+        ts=ts,
+        id=id or str(uuid6(clock_seq=step)),
+        channel_values=values,
+        channel_versions=checkpoint["channel_versions"],
+        versions_seen=checkpoint["versions_seen"],
+        pending_sends=checkpoint.get("pending_sends", []),
+        current_tasks={},
+    )
+
+
 class CheckpointTuple(NamedTuple):
     """A tuple containing a checkpoint and its associated data."""
 
@@ -139,10 +175,19 @@ CheckpointThreadId = ConfigurableFieldSpec(
     is_shared=True,
 )
 
-CheckpointThreadTs = ConfigurableFieldSpec(
-    id="thread_ts",
+CheckpointNS = ConfigurableFieldSpec(
+    id="checkpoint_ns",
+    annotation=str,
+    name="Checkpoint NS",
+    description='Checkpoint namespace. Denotes the path to the subgraph node the checkpoint originates from, separated by `|` character, e.g. `"child|grandchild"`. Defaults to "" (root graph).',
+    default=None,
+    is_shared=True,
+)
+
+CheckpointId = ConfigurableFieldSpec(
+    id="checkpoint_id",
     annotation=Optional[str],
-    name="Thread Timestamp",
+    name="Checkpoint ID",
     description="Pass to fetch a past checkpoint. If None, fetches the latest checkpoint.",
     default=None,
     is_shared=True,
@@ -170,7 +215,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         *,
         serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
     ) -> None:
-        self.serde = serde or self.serde
+        self.serde = maybe_add_typed_methods(serde or self.serde)
 
     @property
     def config_specs(self) -> list[ConfigurableFieldSpec]:
@@ -179,7 +224,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         Returns:
             list[ConfigurableFieldSpec]: List of configuration field specs.
         """
-        return [CheckpointThreadId, CheckpointThreadTs]
+        return [CheckpointThreadId, CheckpointNS, CheckpointId]
 
     def get(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[Checkpoint]:
         """Fetch a checkpoint using the given configuration.
@@ -236,6 +281,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Store a checkpoint with its configuration and metadata.
 
@@ -243,6 +289,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
             config (RunnableConfig): Configuration for the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to store.
             metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata for the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
 
         Returns:
             RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
@@ -268,9 +315,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         Raises:
             NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
         """
-        raise NotImplementedError(
-            "This method was added in langgraph 0.1.7. Please update your checkpoint saver to implement it."
-        )
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     async def aget(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[Checkpoint]:
         """Asynchronously fetch a checkpoint using the given configuration.
@@ -328,6 +373,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Asynchronously store a checkpoint with its configuration and metadata.
 
@@ -335,6 +381,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
             config (RunnableConfig): Configuration for the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to store.
             metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata for the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (ChannelVersions): New channel versions as of this write.
 
         Returns:
             RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
@@ -360,11 +407,9 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
         Raises:
             NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
         """
-        raise NotImplementedError(
-            "This method was added in langgraph 0.1.7. Please update your checkpoint saver to implement it."
-        )
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[V], channel: BaseChannel) -> V:
+    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[V], channel: ChannelProtocol) -> V:
         """Generate the next version ID for a channel.
 
         Default is to use integer versions, incrementing by 1. If you override, you can use str/int/float versions,
@@ -378,3 +423,17 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(ABC):
             V: The next version identifier, which must be increasing.
         """
         return current + 1 if current is not None else 1
+
+
+class EmptyChannelError(Exception):
+    """Raised when attempting to get the value of a channel that hasn't been updated
+    for the first time yet."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+def get_checkpoint_id(config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Get checkpoint ID in a backwards-compatible manner (fallback on thread_ts)."""
+    return config["configurable"].get(
+        "checkpoint_id", config["configurable"].get("thread_ts")
+    )

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/memory/__init__.py

@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
 import asyncio
 from collections import defaultdict
+from contextlib import AbstractAsyncContextManager, AbstractContextManager
 from functools import partial
+from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any, AsyncIterator, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
     SerializerProtocol,
+    get_checkpoint_id,
 )
 
 
-class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
+class MemorySaver(
+    BaseCheckpointSaver, AbstractContextManager, AbstractAsyncContextManager
+):
     """An in-memory checkpoint saver.
 
     This checkpoint saver stores checkpoints in memory using a defaultdict.
@@ -44,7 +50,8 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             asyncio.run(coro)  # Output: 2
     """
 
-    storage: defaultdict[str, dict[str, tuple[bytes, bytes, Optional[str]]]]
+    # thread ID ->  checkpoint NS -> checkpoint ID -> checkpoint mapping
+    storage: defaultdict[str, dict[str, dict[str, tuple[bytes, bytes, Optional[str]]]]]
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -52,14 +59,36 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
         serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(serde=serde)
-        self.storage = defaultdict(dict)
+        self.storage = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(dict))
         self.writes = defaultdict(list)
 
+    def __enter__(self) -> "MemorySaver":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: Optional[type[BaseException]],
+        exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+        traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> "MemorySaver":
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        __exc_type: Optional[type[BaseException]],
+        __exc_value: Optional[BaseException],
+        __traceback: Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> Optional[bool]:
+        return
+
     def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the in-memory storage.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the in-memory storage based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "thread_ts" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
         the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
         for the given thread ID is retrieved.
 
@@ -70,45 +99,54 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
         """
         thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
-        if ts := config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"):
-            if saved := self.storage[thread_id].get(ts):
-                checkpoint, metadata, parent_ts = saved
-                writes = self.writes[(thread_id, ts)]
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        if checkpoint_id := get_checkpoint_id(config):
+            if saved := self.storage[thread_id][checkpoint_ns].get(checkpoint_id):
+                checkpoint, metadata, parent_checkpoint_id = saved
+                writes = self.writes[(thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)]
                 return CheckpointTuple(
                     config=config,
-                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads(checkpoint),
-                    metadata=self.serde.loads(metadata),
+                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads_typed(checkpoint),
+                    metadata=self.serde.loads_typed(metadata),
                     pending_writes=[
-                        (id, c, self.serde.loads(v)) for id, c, v in writes
+                        (id, c, self.serde.loads_typed(v)) for id, c, v in writes
                     ],
                     parent_config={
                         "configurable": {
                             "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "thread_ts": parent_ts,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                         }
                     }
-                    if parent_ts
+                    if parent_checkpoint_id
                     else None,
                 )
         else:
-            if checkpoints := self.storage[thread_id]:
-                ts = max(checkpoints.keys())
-                checkpoint, metadata, parent_ts = checkpoints[ts]
-                writes = self.writes[(thread_id, ts)]
+            if checkpoints := self.storage[thread_id][checkpoint_ns]:
+                checkpoint_id = max(checkpoints.keys())
+                checkpoint, metadata, parent_checkpoint_id = checkpoints[checkpoint_id]
+                writes = self.writes[(thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)]
                 return CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id, "thread_ts": ts}},
-                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads(checkpoint),
-                    metadata=self.serde.loads(metadata),
+                    config={
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
+                        }
+                    },
+                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads_typed(checkpoint),
+                    metadata=self.serde.loads_typed(metadata),
                     pending_writes=[
-                        (id, c, self.serde.loads(v)) for id, c, v in writes
+                        (id, c, self.serde.loads_typed(v)) for id, c, v in writes
                     ],
                     parent_config={
                         "configurable": {
                             "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "thread_ts": parent_ts,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                         }
                     }
-                    if parent_ts
+                    if parent_checkpoint_id
                     else None,
                 )
 
@@ -135,16 +173,25 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
         """
         thread_ids = (config["configurable"]["thread_id"],) if config else self.storage
+        checkpoint_ns = (
+            config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "") if config else ""
+        )
         for thread_id in thread_ids:
-            for ts, (checkpoint, metadata_b, parent_ts) in sorted(
-                self.storage[thread_id].items(), key=lambda x: x[0], reverse=True
+            for checkpoint_id, (checkpoint, metadata_b, parent_checkpoint_id) in sorted(
+                self.storage[thread_id][checkpoint_ns].items(),
+                key=lambda x: x[0],
+                reverse=True,
             ):
-                # filter by thread_ts
-                if before and ts >= before["configurable"]["thread_ts"]:
+                # filter by checkpoint ID
+                if (
+                    before
+                    and (before_checkpoint_id := get_checkpoint_id(before))
+                    and checkpoint_id >= before_checkpoint_id
+                ):
                     continue
 
                 # filter by metadata
-                metadata = self.serde.loads(metadata_b)
+                metadata = self.serde.loads_typed(metadata_b)
                 if filter and not all(
                     query_value == metadata[query_key]
                     for query_key, query_value in filter.items()
@@ -158,16 +205,23 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
                     limit -= 1
 
                 yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id, "thread_ts": ts}},
-                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads(checkpoint),
+                    config={
+                        "configurable": {
+                            "thread_id": thread_id,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint_id,
+                        }
+                    },
+                    checkpoint=self.serde.loads_typed(checkpoint),
                     metadata=metadata,
                     parent_config={
                         "configurable": {
                             "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "thread_ts": parent_ts,
+                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                            "checkpoint_id": parent_checkpoint_id,
                         }
                     }
-                    if parent_ts
+                    if parent_checkpoint_id
                     else None,
                 )
 
@@ -176,6 +230,7 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Save a checkpoint to the in-memory storage.
 
@@ -186,23 +241,27 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
             metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (dict): New versions as of this write
 
         Returns:
             RunnableConfig: The updated config containing the saved checkpoint's timestamp.
         """
-        self.storage[config["configurable"]["thread_id"]].update(
+        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
+        self.storage[thread_id][checkpoint_ns].update(
             {
                 checkpoint["id"]: (
-                    self.serde.dumps(checkpoint),
-                    self.serde.dumps(metadata),
-                    config["configurable"].get("thread_ts"),  # parent
+                    self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint),
+                    self.serde.dumps_typed(metadata),
+                    config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_id"),  # parent
                 )
             }
         )
         return {
             "configurable": {
-                "thread_id": config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
-                "thread_ts": checkpoint["id"],
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
             }
         }
 
@@ -226,9 +285,11 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             RunnableConfig: The updated config containing the saved writes' timestamp.
         """
         thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
-        ts = config["configurable"]["thread_ts"]
-        self.writes[(thread_id, ts)].extend(
-            [(task_id, c, self.serde.dumps(v)) for c, v in writes]
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
+        checkpoint_id = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]
+        key = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+        self.writes[key].extend(
+            [(task_id, c, self.serde.dumps_typed(v)) for c, v in writes]
         )
 
     async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
@@ -283,6 +344,7 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
         config: RunnableConfig,
         checkpoint: Checkpoint,
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
+        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         """Asynchronous version of put.
 
@@ -290,12 +352,13 @@ class MemorySaver(BaseCheckpointSaver):
             config (RunnableConfig): The config to associate with the checkpoint.
             checkpoint (Checkpoint): The checkpoint to save.
             metadata (CheckpointMetadata): Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
+            new_versions (dict): New versions as of this write
 
         Returns:
             RunnableConfig: The updated config containing the saved checkpoint's timestamp.
         """
         return await asyncio.get_running_loop().run_in_executor(
-            None, self.put, config, checkpoint, metadata
+            None, self.put, config, checkpoint, metadata, new_versions
         )
 
     async def aput_writes(