x

Let you set "pip_installer": "pip" (or uv) to handle corner cases in install compatibilities

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 name: "\U0001F41B Bug Report"
 description: Report a bug in LangGraph. To report a security issue, please instead use the security option below. For questions, please use the GitHub Discussions.
-labels: ["02 Bug Report"]
+labels: [pending,bug]
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-blank_issues_enabled: false
+blank_issues_enabled: true
 version: 2.1
 contact_links:
   - name: 🤔 Question or Problem

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/documentation.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: Documentation
 description: Report an issue related to the LangGraph documentation.
 title: "DOC: <Please write a comprehensive title after the 'DOC: ' prefix>"
-labels: [03 - Documentation]
+labels: [documentation]
 
 body:
 - type: textarea

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Please see the documentation for all configuration options:
+# https://docs.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/configuration-options-for-dependency-updates
+# and
+# https://docs.github.com/code-security/dependabot/dependabot-version-updates/configuration-options-for-the-dependabot.yml-file
+
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"

.github/workflows/_lint.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Get .mypy_cache to speed up mypy
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         env:
           SEGMENT_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT_MIN: "2"
         with:
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Get .mypy_cache_test to speed up mypy
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         env:
           SEGMENT_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT_MIN: "2"
         with:

.github/workflows/_test_scheduler_kafka.yml

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-name: test
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        python-version:
-          - "3.11"
-          - "3.12"
-
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        working-directory: libs/scheduler-kafka
-    name: "test #${{ matrix.python-version }}"
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-          enable-cache: true
-          cache-suffix: "test-scheduler-kafka"
-      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork }}
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_RO_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        shell: bash
-        run: uv sync --frozen --group dev
-
-      - name: Run tests
-        shell: bash
-        run: make test
-
-      - name: Ensure the tests did not create any additional files
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -eu
-
-          STATUS="$(git status)"
-          echo "$STATUS"
-
-          # grep will exit non-zero if the target message isn't found,
-          # and `set -e` above will cause the step to fail.
-          echo "$STATUS" | grep 'nothing to commit, working tree clean'

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ jobs:
               - 'libs/checkpoint/**'
               - 'libs/checkpoint-sqlite/**'
               - 'libs/checkpoint-postgres/**'
-              - 'libs/scheduler-kafka/**'
               - 'libs/prebuilt/**'
             sdk-js:
               - 'libs/sdk-js/**'
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
             "libs/checkpoint",
             "libs/checkpoint-sqlite",
             "libs/checkpoint-postgres",
-            "libs/scheduler-kafka",
+
             "libs/prebuilt",
           ]
     if: needs.changes.outputs.python == 'true'
@@ -89,14 +88,6 @@ jobs:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/_test_langgraph.yml
     secrets: inherit
 
-  # NOTE: we're testing scheduler-kafka separately because it requires a different matrix
-  test-scheduler-kafka:
-    needs: changes
-    if: needs.changes.outputs.python == 'true'
-    name: "cd libs/scheduler-kafka"
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/_test_scheduler_kafka.yml
-    secrets: inherit
-
   check-sdk-methods:
     needs: changes
     if: needs.changes.outputs.python == 'true'
@@ -166,9 +157,9 @@ jobs:
       run:
         working-directory: ${{ matrix.working-directory }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup Node.js (LTS)
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: "20"
           cache: "yarn"
@@ -192,9 +183,9 @@ jobs:
       run:
         working-directory: ${{ matrix.working-directory }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup Node.js (LTS)
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: "20"
           cache: "yarn"
@@ -212,7 +203,6 @@ jobs:
         lint-js,
         test,
         test-langgraph,
-        test-scheduler-kafka,
         check-sdk-methods,
         check-schema,
         integration-test,

.github/workflows/deploy_docs.yml

@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - main
+      - v0
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - main
+      - v0
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
@@ -82,9 +84,9 @@ jobs:
         run: make llms-text
       - name: Build site
         run: |
-          # If this is main branch, then we want to download stats. we do this 
+          # If this is v0 branch, then we want to download stats. we do this 
           # with the env variable DOWNLOAD_STATS=true
-          if [ "${{ github.ref }}" == "refs/heads/main" ]; then
+          if [ "${{ github.ref }}" == "refs/heads/v0" ]; then
             DOWNLOAD_STATS=true make build-docs
           else
             make build-docs
@@ -144,8 +146,8 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Configure GitHub Pages
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
-        uses: actions/configure-pages@v4
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/v0'
+        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
 
       - name: Upload Pages Artifact
         # if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
@@ -154,6 +156,6 @@ jobs:
           path: ./docs/site/
 
       - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/v0'
         id: deployment
         uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

.github/workflows/release_js.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       # JS Build
       - name: Use Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: "20"
           cache: "yarn"

.gitignore

@@ -181,3 +181,4 @@ Chinook.db
 .vercel
 .turbo
 .editorconfig
+.scratch

AGENTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# AGENTS Instructions
+
+This repository is a monorepo. Each library lives in a subdirectory under `libs/`.
+
+When you modify code in any library, run the following commands in that library's directory before creating a pull request:
+
+- `make format` – run code formatters
+- `make lint` – run the linter
+- `make test` – execute the test suite
+
+To run a particular test file or to pass additional pytest options you can specify the `TEST` variable:
+
+```
+TEST=path/to/test.py make test
+```
+
+Other pytest arguments can also be supplied inside the `TEST` variable.
+
+## Libraries
+
+The repository contains several Python and JavaScript/TypeScript libraries.
+Below is a high-level overview:
+
+- **checkpoint** – base interfaces for LangGraph checkpointers.
+- **checkpoint-postgres** – Postgres implementation of the checkpoint saver.
+- **checkpoint-sqlite** – SQLite implementation of the checkpoint saver.
+- **cli** – official command-line interface for LangGraph.
+- **langgraph** – core framework for building stateful, multi-actor agents.
+- **prebuilt** – high-level APIs for creating and running agents and tools.
+- **sdk-js** – JS/TS SDK for interacting with the LangGraph REST API.
+- **sdk-py** – Python SDK for the LangGraph Platform API.
+
+### Dependency map
+
+The diagram below lists downstream libraries for each production dependency as
+declared in that library's `pyproject.toml` (or `package.json`).
+
+```text
+checkpoint
+├── checkpoint-postgres
+├── checkpoint-sqlite
+├── prebuilt
+└── langgraph
+
+prebuilt
+└── langgraph
+
+sdk-py
+├── langgraph
+└── cli
+
+sdk-js (standalone)
+```
+
+Changes to a library may impact all of its dependents shown above.

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Here are some high-level tips on writing a good how-to guide:
 LangGraph's conceptual guides fall under the **Explanation** quadrant of Diataxis. They should cover LangChain terms and concepts
 in a more abstract way than how-to guides or tutorials, and should be geared towards curious users interested in
 gaining a deeper understanding of the framework. Try to avoid excessively large code examples. The goal here is to
-impart perspective to the user rather than to finish a practical project. These guides should cover **why** things work they way they do.
+impart perspective to the user rather than to finish a practical project. These guides should cover **why** things work the way they do.
 
 
 To quote the Diataxis website:

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Define the directories containing projects
+LIBS_DIRS := $(wildcard libs/*)
+
+# Default target
+.PHONY: all
+all: lint format lock test
+
+# Install dependencies for all projects
+.PHONY: install
+install:
+	@echo "Creating virtual environment..."
+	@uv venv
+	@for dir in $(LIBS_DIRS); do \
+		if [ -f $$dir/pyproject.toml ]; then \
+			echo "Installing dependencies for $$dir"; \
+			uv pip install -e $$dir; \
+		fi; \
+	done
+
+# Lint all projects
+.PHONY: lint
+lint:
+	@for dir in $(LIBS_DIRS); do \
+		if [ -f $$dir/Makefile ]; then \
+			echo "Running lint in $$dir"; \
+			$(MAKE) -C $$dir lint; \
+		fi; \
+	done
+
+# Format all projects
+.PHONY: format
+format:
+	@for dir in $(LIBS_DIRS); do \
+		if [ -f $$dir/Makefile ]; then \
+			echo "Running format in $$dir"; \
+			$(MAKE) -C $$dir format; \
+		fi; \
+	done
+
+# Lock all projects
+.PHONY: lock
+lock:
+	@for dir in $(LIBS_DIRS); do \
+		if [ -f $$dir/Makefile ]; then \
+			echo "Running lock in $$dir"; \
+			(cd $$dir && uv lock); \
+		fi; \
+	done
+
+# Test all projects
+.PHONY: test
+test:
+	@for dir in $(LIBS_DIRS); do \
+		if [ -f $$dir/Makefile ]; then \
+			echo "Running test in $$dir"; \
+			$(MAKE) -C $$dir test; \
+		fi; \
+	done

README.md

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 [![Downloads](https://static.pepy.tech/badge/langgraph/month)](https://pepy.tech/project/langgraph)
 [![Open Issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues-raw/langchain-ai/langgraph)](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph/issues)
 [![Docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-latest-blue)](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/)
-[![GitMCP](https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://gitmcp.io/badge/langchain-ai/langgraph)](https://gitmcp.io/langchain-ai/langgraph)
 
 Trusted by companies shaping the future of agents – including Klarna, Replit, Elastic, and more – LangGraph is a low-level orchestration framework for building, managing, and deploying long-running, stateful agents.
 

docs/_scripts/add_translation.py

@@ -1,157 +1,154 @@
-"""Add typescript translation to a given markdown file."""
+"""Translate Python markdown to TypeScript and/or consolidate Python-JS markdown into a single document."""
 
 import argparse
-import re
 
 import requests
 from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic
 
+# Load reference TypeScript snippets
 URL = "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/eyurtsev/e7486731415463a9bc5b4682358859c8/raw/b5a5fda9c7e3387cfcb781f25082814d43675d50/gistfile1.txt"
 response = requests.get(URL)
 response.raise_for_status()
 reference_snippets = response.text
 
-model = ChatAnthropic(model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
+# Initialize model
+model = ChatAnthropic(model="claude-sonnet-4-0", max_tokens=64_000)
+
+TRANSLATION_PROMPT = (
+    "You are a helpful assistant that translates Python-based technical "
+    "documentation written in Markdown to equivalent TypeScript-based documentation. "
+    "The input is a Markdown file written in mkdocs format. It contains "
+    "Python code snippets embedded in prose. "
+    "Your task is to rewrite the content by translating the Python code to "
+    "idiomatic TypeScript, using the provided TypeScript reference snippets "
+    "to ensure accurate and consistent usage (e.g., correct imports, function "
+    "names, and patterns). "
+    "Remove the original Python code and replace it with the corresponding "
+    "TypeScript version. "
+    "Do not alter the surrounding prose unless a change is necessary to "
+    "reflect differences between Python and TypeScript. "
+    "Preserve the structure and formatting of the original Markdown document. "
+    "Do not make stylistic or structural changes unless they directly support "
+    "the translation. "
+    "Use the reference TypeScript snippets as guidance whenever possible to "
+    "maintain alignment with existing conventions.\n\n"
+    f"Here are the reference TypeScript snippets:\n\n{reference_snippets}\n\n"
+)
+
+CONSOLIDATION_PROMPT = (
+    "You are a helpful assistant that consolidates parallel Python and JavaScript (TypeScript) technical documentation "
+    "written in Markdown into a single unified Markdown document. "
+    "The input consists of two documents: the first is for Python users, and the second is for JavaScript/TypeScript users. "
+    "Your task is to merge these into one Markdown file using language-specific fenced blocks to separate the content where needed. "
+    "Use the following syntax to distinguish content for each language:\n\n"
+    ":::python\n"
+    "# Python-specific content\n"
+    ":::\n\n"
+    ":::js\n"
+    "# JavaScript/TypeScript-specific content\n"
+    ":::\n\n"
+    "Follow these consolidation rules:\n"
+    "- When content (prose or code) is the same or nearly identical in both versions, include it only once—outside of any fenced block.\n"
+    "- When content differs between the Python and JS versions, wrap each version in its corresponding fenced block.\n"
+    "- Prefer **paragraph-level separation** of language-specific content. Do not combine Python and JS snippets or terminology in the same sentence or paragraph using conditional phrases.\n"
+    "  For example, avoid inline constructs like:\n"
+    "  `The :::python add_messages ::: :::js reducer ::: function...`\n"
+    "  Instead, write two distinct paragraphs:\n\n"
+    "  :::python\n"
+    "  The `add_messages` function in our `State` will append the LLM's response messages to whatever messages are already in the state.\n"
+    "  ::: \n\n"
+    "  :::js\n"
+    "  The `reducer` function in our `StateAnnotation` will append the LLM's response messages to whatever messages are already in the state.\n"
+    "  :::\n\n"
+    "- Preserve the overall structure, ordering, and formatting of the original Markdown documents.\n"
+    "- Do not rephrase or unify content unless it is logically and semantically identical.\n"
+    "- Use the fenced blocks for both prose and code as needed, and ensure output is clean, readable Markdown suitable for tools that parse these directives.\n"
+    "Your goal is to produce a cleanly merged documentation file that serves both Python and JavaScript users without redundancy, while maximizing clarity and separation of language-specific details."
+)
 
 
-def _get_tqdm():
-    try:
-        from tqdm import tqdm
-    except ImportError:
-        # If not available return a simple identity function
-        def tqdm(iterable, *args, **kwargs):
-            return iterable
-
-    return tqdm
-
-
-_tqdm = _get_tqdm()
-
-opening_pattern = re.compile(r"^\s*```python(?:\s+.*)?\s*$")
-closing_pattern = re.compile(r"^\s*```\s*$")
-
-
-def extract_python_snippets(markdown: str) -> list[str]:
-    """
-    Extract all python code blocks (including their fence lines) from the markdown content.
-    A python block is defined as any block that starts with a line containing an opening fence
-    with '```python' (optionally with extra parameters) and ends with a closing fence '```'.
-    """
-    snippets = []
-    inside_block = False
-    current_snippet = []
-
-    for line in markdown.splitlines(keepends=True):
-        if not inside_block:
-            if opening_pattern.match(line):
-                inside_block = True
-                current_snippet = [line]
-        else:
-            current_snippet.append(line)
-            if closing_pattern.match(line):
-                inside_block = False
-                snippets.append("".join(current_snippet))
-                current_snippet = []
-    return snippets
-
-
-def translate_snippet(python_snippet: str) -> str:
-    """Translate a python code block into a TypeScript code block using Langchain.
-    The response is expected to be a properly fenced TypeScript code block (i.e.
-    starting with ```typescript and ending with ```).
-    """
-    ai_message = model.invoke(
+def translate_python_to_ts(markdown_content: str) -> str:
+    response = model.invoke(
         [
             {
                 "role": "system",
-                "content": (
-                    f"You have access to the following up-to-date example TypeScript code "
-                    f"snippets that show examples of building with langgraph "
-                    f"and langchain:\n\n{reference_snippets}\n\n"
-                    "Use this context to translate the following Python code to equivalent "
-                    "TypeScript. Ensure that your output is a valid fenced TypeScript "
-                    "code block (i.e. starts with ```typescript and ends with ```)."
-                ),
-            },
-            {
-                "role": "user",
-                "content": f"Translate this Python snippet to TypeScript:\n\n{python_snippet}",
+                "content": TRANSLATION_PROMPT,
+                "cache_control": {"type": "ephemeral"},
             },
+            {"role": "user", "content": markdown_content},
         ]
     )
-
-    # Use a regular expression to search for a TypeScript code block in the response.
-    pattern = r"```typescript\s*(.*?)\s*```"
-    match = re.search(pattern, ai_message.content, re.DOTALL)
-    if match:
-        # Reconstruct the code block with proper fences.
-        typescript_code = match.group(1).strip()
-        return f"```typescript\n{typescript_code}\n```"
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("No TypeScript code block found in the model's response.")
+    return response.content
 
 
-def insert_translations_into_markdown(
-    markdown: str, typescript_snippets: list[str]
-) -> str:
-    """Walks through the original markdown content and, after each
-    Python snippet block, inserts the corresponding translated TypeScript snippet.
-    It assumes that the ordering of the Python snippets
-    (from extract_python_snippets) matches the order they appear in the markdown.
-    """
-    output_lines = []
-    lines = markdown.splitlines(keepends=True)
-    inside_block = False
-    snippet_index = 0
-
-    for line in lines:
-        output_lines.append(line)
-        if not inside_block and opening_pattern.match(line):
-            # We've encountered the start of a python code block.
-            inside_block = True
-        elif inside_block:
-            if closing_pattern.match(line):
-                # End of a python snippet block.
-                inside_block = False
-                if snippet_index < len(typescript_snippets):
-                    # Insert an extra newline for clarity, then the translated TypeScript snippet.
-                    output_lines.append("\n")
-                    output_lines.append(typescript_snippets[snippet_index])
-                    output_lines.append("\n")
-                    snippet_index += 1
-    return "".join(output_lines)
+def consolidate_python_and_ts(combined_content: str) -> str:
+    response = model.invoke(
+        [
+            {
+                "role": "system",
+                "content": CONSOLIDATION_PROMPT,
+                "cache_control": {"type": "ephemeral"},
+            },
+            {"role": "user", "content": combined_content},
+        ]
+    )
+    return response.content
 
 
-def main(file_path: str) -> None:
-    # Read the markdown file.
-    with open(file_path, "r") as f:
+def main(file_path: str, translate_only: bool, consolidate_only: bool) -> None:
+    with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
         markdown_content = f.read()
 
-    # 1. Extract all Python snippets.
-    python_snippets = extract_python_snippets(markdown_content)[:1]
+    if translate_only:
+        translated = translate_python_to_ts(markdown_content)
+        output_path = file_path.replace(".md", ".translated.md")
+        with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(translated)
+        print(f"Translated JS/TS version written to: {output_path}")
 
-    # 2. Translate each Python snippet to TypeScript.
-    typescript_snippets = []
-    # Replace with .batch() for faster translation
-    for python_snippet in _tqdm(python_snippets):
-        ts_snippet = translate_snippet(python_snippet)
-        typescript_snippets.append(ts_snippet)
+    elif consolidate_only:
+        consolidated = consolidate_python_and_ts(markdown_content)
+        with open(file_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(consolidated)
+        print(f"Consolidated content written to: {file_path}")
 
-    # 3. Insert the TypeScript translations after their respective Python snippets.
-    updated_markdown = insert_translations_into_markdown(
-        markdown_content, typescript_snippets
-    )
-
-    # Overwrite the original markdown file with the updated content.
-    with open(file_path, "w") as f:
-        f.write(updated_markdown)
+    else:
+        # Default behavior: translate first, then consolidate both
+        translated = translate_python_to_ts(markdown_content)
+        combined = f"{markdown_content.strip()}\n\n\n{translated.strip()}"
+        consolidated = consolidate_python_and_ts(combined)
+        with open(file_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(consolidated)
+        print(f"Translated and consolidated content written to: {file_path}")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="Translate Python snippets in a markdown file to TypeScript and insert them after each Python snippet."
+        description=(
+            "Translate Python markdown to TypeScript and/or consolidate "
+            "Python-JS markdown into one file."
+        )
     )
     parser.add_argument("file_path", type=str, help="Path to the markdown file.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--translate-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Only generate the JS translation.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--consolidate-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Only consolidate pre-paired Python and JS content.",
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    main(args.file_path)
+    if args.translate_only and args.consolidate_only:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Cannot use both --translate-only and --consolidate-only at the same time."
+        )
+
+    main(
+        args.file_path,
+        translate_only=args.translate_only,
+        consolidate_only=args.consolidate_only,
+    )

docs/_scripts/generate_llms_text.py

@@ -3,19 +3,21 @@
 import asyncio
 import glob
 import os
-from typing import TypedDict, List, Optional
-import pydantic
 import re
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
-from langchain_core.rate_limiters import InMemoryRateLimiter
+from typing import TypedDict, List, Optional
 
 import yaml
 from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
+from langchain_core.rate_limiters import InMemoryRateLimiter
 from mkdocs.structure.files import File
 from mkdocs.structure.pages import Page
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from yaml import SafeLoader
 
-from _scripts.notebook_hooks import _on_page_markdown_with_config
+from _scripts.notebook_hooks import (
+    _on_page_markdown_with_config,
+    _apply_conditional_rendering,
+)
 
 HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
 # Get source directory (parent of HERE / docs)
@@ -211,7 +213,9 @@ async def process_nav_items(nav_items: list[NavItem]) -> list[NavItem]:
     # Remove any items that start with http:// or https:// looking only for
     # local file at this stages.
     nav_items = [
-        item for item in nav_items if not item["url"].startswith(("http://", "https://"))
+        item
+        for item in nav_items
+        if not item["url"].startswith(("http://", "https://"))
     ]
     # Process items in parallel
     tasks = [process_single_item(item) for item in nav_items]

docs/_scripts/link_map.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+JS_LINK_MAP = {
+    "langgraph.types.interrupt": "https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraphjs/reference/functions/langgraph.interrupt-2.html",
+    "create_react_agent": "https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraphjs/reference/functions/langgraph_prebuilt.createReactAgent.html",
+    "langgraph.types.Command": "https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraphjs/reference/classes/langgraph.Command.html",
+}

docs/_scripts/notebook_hooks.py

@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
+"""mkdocs hooks for adding custom logic to documentation pipeline.
+
+Lifecycle events: https://www.mkdocs.org/dev-guide/plugins/#events
+"""
+
 import logging
 import os
 import posixpath
 import re
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+from mkdocs.config.defaults import MkDocsConfig
 from mkdocs.structure.files import Files, File
 from mkdocs.structure.pages import Page
 
 from _scripts.generate_api_reference_links import update_markdown_with_imports
+from _scripts.link_map import JS_LINK_MAP
 from _scripts.notebook_convert import convert_notebook
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -101,8 +109,7 @@ REDIRECT_MAP = {
     "how-tos/deploy-self-hosted.md": "cloud/deployment/self_hosted_data_plane.md",
     "concepts/self_hosted.md": "concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md",
     # assistant redirects
-    "cloud/how-tos/assistant_versioning.md": "cloud/how-tos/configuration_cloud.md"
-
+    "cloud/how-tos/assistant_versioning.md": "cloud/how-tos/configuration_cloud.md",
 }
 
 
@@ -152,6 +159,68 @@ def _add_path_to_code_blocks(markdown: str, page: Page) -> str:
     return code_block_pattern.sub(replace_code_block_header, markdown)
 
 
+def _resolve_cross_references(md_text: str, link_map: dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    """Replace [title][identifier] with [title](url) using language-specific link_map.
+
+    Args:
+        md_text: The markdown text to process.
+        link_map: mapping of identifier to URL.
+
+    Returns:
+        The processed markdown text with cross-references resolved.
+    """
+    # Pattern to match [title][identifier]
+    pattern = re.compile(r"\[([^\]]+)\]\[([^\]]+)\]")
+
+    def replace_reference(match: re.Match) -> str:
+        """Replace the matched reference with the corresponding URL."""
+        title, identifier = match.group(1), match.group(2)
+        url = link_map.get(identifier)
+
+        if url:
+            return f"[{title}]({url})"
+        else:
+            # Leave it unchanged if not found
+            return match.group(0)
+
+    return pattern.sub(replace_reference, md_text)
+
+
+def _apply_conditional_rendering(md_text: str, target_language: str) -> str:
+    if target_language not in {"python", "js", "switcher"}:
+        raise ValueError("target_language must be 'python' or 'js'")
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r"(?P<indent>[ \t]*):::(?P<language>\w+)\s*\n"
+        r"(?P<content>((?:.*\n)*?))"  # Capture the content inside the block
+        r"(?P=indent):::"  # Match closing with the same indentation
+    )
+
+    def replace_conditional_blocks(match: re.Match) -> str:
+        """Keep active conditionals."""
+        language = match.group("language")
+        content = match.group("content")
+
+        if language not in {"python", "js", "switcher"}:
+            # If the language is not supported, return the original block
+            return match.group(0)
+
+        if target_language == "switcher":
+            # Both Python and JavaScript blocks are wrapped in a tag that
+            # allows the user to switch between them.
+            standardized_language = "javascript" if language == "js" else "python"
+            return f'<div class="lang-{standardized_language}">\n' + content + "\n</div>"
+
+        if language == target_language:
+            return content
+
+        # If the language does not match, return an empty string
+        return ""
+
+    processed = pattern.sub(replace_conditional_blocks, md_text)
+    return processed
+
+
 def _highlight_code_blocks(markdown: str) -> str:
     """Find code blocks with highlight comments and add hl_lines attribute.
 
@@ -251,6 +320,20 @@ def _on_page_markdown_with_config(
     # Apply highlight comments to code blocks
     markdown = _highlight_code_blocks(markdown)
 
+    # Apply conditional rendering for code blocks
+    target_language = kwargs.get("target_language", "js")
+    markdown = _apply_conditional_rendering(markdown, "switcher")
+    if target_language == "js":
+        markdown = _resolve_cross_references(markdown, JS_LINK_MAP)
+    elif target_language == "python":
+        # Via a dedicated plugin
+        pass
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Unsupported target language: {target_language}. "
+            "Supported languages are 'python' and 'js'."
+        )
+
     # Add file path as an attribute to code blocks that are executable.
     # This file path is used to associate fixtures with the executable code
     # which can be used in CI to test the docs without making network requests.
@@ -292,7 +375,7 @@ Redirecting...
 """
 
 
-def write_html(site_dir, old_path, new_path):
+def _write_html(site_dir, old_path, new_path):
     """Write an HTML file in the site_dir with a meta redirect to the new page"""
     # Determine all relevant paths
     old_path_abs = os.path.join(site_dir, old_path)
@@ -308,6 +391,52 @@ def write_html(site_dir, old_path, new_path):
         f.write(content)
 
 
+def _inject_gtm(html: str) -> str:
+    """Inject Google Tag Manager code into the HTML.
+
+    Code to inject Google Tag Manager noscript tag immediately after <body>.
+
+    This is done via hooks rather than via a template because the MkDocs material
+    theme does not seem to allow placing the code immediately after the <body> tag
+    without modifying the template files directly.
+
+    Args:
+        html: The HTML content to modify.
+
+    Returns:
+        The modified HTML content with GTM code injected.
+    """
+    # Code was copied from Google Tag Manager setup instructions.
+    gtm_code = """
+<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
+<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T35S4S46"
+height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
+<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
+"""
+    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
+    body = soup.body
+    if body:
+        # Insert the GTM code as raw HTML at the top of <body>
+        body.insert(0, BeautifulSoup(gtm_code, "html.parser"))
+        return str(soup)
+    else:
+        return html  # fallback if no <body> found
+
+
+def on_post_page(output: str, page: Page, config: MkDocsConfig) -> str:
+    """Inject Google Tag Manager noscript tag immediately after <body>.
+
+    Args:
+        output: The HTML output of the page.
+        page: The page instance.
+        config: The MkDocs configuration object.
+
+    Returns:
+        modified HTML output with GTM code injected.
+    """
+    return _inject_gtm(output)
+
+
 # Create HTML files for redirects after site dir has been built
 def on_post_build(config):
     use_directory_urls = config.get("use_directory_urls")
@@ -324,4 +453,4 @@ def on_post_build(config):
             + hash
             + suffix
         )
-        write_html(config["site_dir"], old_html_path, new_html_path)
+        _write_html(config["site_dir"], old_html_path, new_html_path)

docs/docs/agents/context.md

@@ -233,4 +233,4 @@ Tools can access context through special parameter **annotations**.
 
 ### Update Context from Tools
 
-Tools can update agent's context (state and long-term memory) during execution. This is useful for persisting intermediate results or making information accessible to subsequent tools or prompts. See [Memory](./memory.md#read-short-term) guide for more information.
+Tools can update agent's context (state and long-term memory) during execution. This is useful for persisting intermediate results or making information accessible to subsequent tools or prompts. See [Memory](./memory.md#read-short-term) guide for more information.

docs/docs/agents/mcp.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ client = MultiServerMCPClient(
             "transport": "stdio",
         },
         "weather": {
-            # Ensure your start your weather server on port 8000
+            # Ensure you start your weather server on port 8000
             "url": "http://localhost:8000/mcp",
             "transport": "streamable_http",
         }
@@ -106,4 +106,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 ## Additional resources
 
 - [MCP documentation](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/introduction)
-- [MCP Transport documentation](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/concepts/transports)
+- [MCP Transport documentation](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/docs/concepts/transports)

docs/docs/agents/memory.md

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ ny_response = agent.invoke(
 
 When the agent is invoked the second time with the same `thread_id`, the original message history from the first conversation is automatically included, allowing the agent to infer that the user is asking specifically about the **weather** in New York.
 
-!!! Note "LangGraph Platform providers a production-ready checkpointer"
+!!! Note "LangGraph Platform provides a production-ready checkpointer"
 
     If you're using [LangGraph Platform](./deployment.md), during deployment your checkpointer will be automatically configured to use a production-ready database.
 

docs/docs/agents/multi-agent.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ hide:
 
 # Multi-agent
 
-A single agent might struggle if it needs to specialize in multiple domains or manage many tools. To tackle this, you can break your agent into smaller, independent agents and composing them into a [multi-agent system](../concepts/multi_agent.md).
+A single agent might struggle if it needs to specialize in multiple domains or manage many tools. To tackle this, you can break your agent into smaller, independent agents and compose them into a [multi-agent system](../concepts/multi_agent.md).
 
 In multi-agent systems, agents need to communicate between each other. They do so via [handoffs](#handoffs) — a primitive that describes which agent to hand control to and the payload to send to that agent.
 

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/custom_docker.md

@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ Users can add an array of additional lines to add to the Dockerfile following th
 }
 ```
 
-This would install the system packages required to use Pillow if we were working with `jpeq` or `png` image formats. 
+This would install the system packages required to use Pillow if we were working with `jpeg` or `png` image formats. 

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/graph_rebuild.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ my-app/
 |-- openai_agent.py     # code for your graph
 ```
 
-where the graph is defined in `openai_agent.py`. 
+where the graph is defined in `openai_agent.py`.
 
 ### No rebuild
 
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ In the standard LangGraph API configuration, the server uses the compiled graph
 
 ```python
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-from langgraph.graph import END, START, MessageGraph
+from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph, MessagesState
 
 model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)
 
-graph_workflow = MessageGraph()
+graph_workflow = StateGraph(MessagesState)
 
 graph_workflow.add_node("agent", model)
 graph_workflow.add_edge("agent", END)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ To make your graph rebuild on each new run with custom configuration, you need t
 from typing import Annotated
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
-from langgraph.graph import END, START, MessageGraph
+from langgraph.graph import END, START
 from langgraph.graph.state import StateGraph
 from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages
 from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode
@@ -144,4 +144,4 @@ Finally, you need to specify the path to your graph-making function (`make_graph
 }
 ```
 
-See more info on LangGraph API configuration file [here](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file)
+See more info on LangGraph API configuration file [here](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file)

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/self_hosted_control_plane.md

@@ -30,18 +30,17 @@ Before deploying, review the [conceptual guide for the Self-Hosted Control Plane
     1. `LangGraphPlatform CRD`: A CRD for LangGraph Platform deployments. This contains the spec for managing an instance of a LangGraph platform deployment.
     1. `operator`: This operator handles changes to your LangGraph Platform CRDs.
     1. `host-backend`: This is the [control plane](../../concepts/langgraph_control_plane.md).
-1. Two additional images will be used by the chart.
+1. Two additional images will be used by the chart. Use the images that are specified in the latest release.
 
         hostBackendImage:
           repository: "docker.io/langchain/hosted-langserve-backend"
           pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
-          tag: "0.9.80"
         operatorImage:
           repository: "docker.io/langchain/langgraph-operator"
           pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
-          tag: "aa9dff4"
 
-1. In your `values.yaml` file, enable the `langgraphPlatform` option. Note that you must also have a valid ingress setup:
+1. In your config file for langsmith (usually `langsmith_config.yaml`, enable the `langgraphPlatform` option. Note that you must also have a valid ingress setup:
+
         config:
           langgraphPlatform:
             enabled: true

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/setup.md

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ my-app/
 
 ## Define Graphs
 
-Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledGraph][langgraph.graph.graph.CompiledGraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
+Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledStateGraph][langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
 
 Example `agent.py` file, which shows how to import from other modules you define (code for the modules is not shown here, please see [this repository](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example) to see their implementation):
 

docs/docs/cloud/deployment/setup_pyproject.md

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ my-app/
 
 ## Define Graphs
 
-Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledGraph][langgraph.graph.graph.CompiledGraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
+Implement your graphs! Graphs can be defined in a single file or multiple files. Make note of the variable names of each [CompiledStateGraph][langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph] to be included in the LangGraph application. The variable names will be used later when creating the [LangGraph configuration file](../reference/cli.md#configuration-file).
 
 Example `agent.py` file, which shows how to import from other modules you define (code for the modules is not shown here, please see [this repository](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph-example-pyproject) to see their implementation):
 

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/studio/manage_assistants.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 !!! info "Prerequisites"
 
-    - [Assistants Overview](../../concepts/assistants.md)
+    - [Assistants Overview](../../../concepts/assistants.md)
 
 LangGraph Studio lets you view, edit, and update your assistants, and allows you to run your graph using these assistant configurations.
 

docs/docs/cloud/how-tos/use_stream_react.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-# How to integrate LangGraph into your React application
+How to integrate LangGraph into your React application# How to integrate LangGraph into your React application
 
-!!! info "Prerequisites" 
+!!! info "Prerequisites"
 
-    - [LangGraph Platform](../../concepts/langgraph_platform.md) 
+    - [LangGraph Platform](../../concepts/langgraph_platform.md)
     - [LangGraph Server](../../concepts/langgraph_server.md)
 
 The `useStream()` React hook provides a seamless way to integrate LangGraph into your React applications. It handles all the complexities of streaming, state management, and branching logic, letting you focus on building great chat experiences.
@@ -113,6 +113,115 @@ export default function App() {
 }
 ```
 
+### Resume a stream after page refresh
+
+The `useStream()` hook can automatically resume an ongoing run upon mounting by setting `reconnectOnMount: true`. This is useful for continuing a stream after a page refresh, ensuring no messages and events generated during the downtime are lost.
+
+```tsx
+const thread = useStream<{ messages: Message[] }>({
+  apiUrl: "http://localhost:2024",
+  assistantId: "agent",
+  reconnectOnMount: true,
+});
+```
+
+By default the ID of the created run is stored in `window.sessionStorage`, which can be swapped by passing a custom storage in `reconnectOnMount` instead. The storage is used to persist the in-flight run ID for a thread (under `lg:stream:${threadId}` key).
+
+```tsx
+const thread = useStream<{ messages: Message[] }>({
+  apiUrl: "http://localhost:2024",
+  assistantId: "agent",
+  reconnectOnMount: () => window.localStorage,
+});
+```
+
+You can also manually manage the resuming process by using the run callbacks to persist the run metadata and the `joinStream` function to resume the stream. Make sure to pass `streamResumable: true` when creating the run; otherwise some events might be lost.
+
+````tsx
+import type { Message } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk";
+import { useStream } from "@langchain/langgraph-sdk/react";
+import { useCallback, useState, useEffect, useRef } from "react";
+
+export default function App() {
+  const [threadId, onThreadId] = useSearchParam("threadId");
+
+  const thread = useStream<{ messages: Message[] }>({
+    apiUrl: "http://localhost:2024",
+    assistantId: "agent",
+
+    threadId,
+    onThreadId,
+
+    onCreated: (run) => {
+      window.sessionStorage.setItem(`resume:${run.thread_id}`, run.run_id);
+    },
+    onFinish: (_, run) => {
+      window.sessionStorage.removeItem(`resume:${run?.thread_id}`);
+    },
+  });
+
+  // Ensure that we only join the stream once per thread.
+  const joinedThreadId = useRef<string | null>(null);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!threadId) return;
+
+    const resume = window.sessionStorage.getItem(`resume:${threadId}`);
+    if (resume && joinedThreadId.current !== threadId) {
+      thread.joinStream(resume);
+      joinedThreadId.current = threadId;
+    }
+  }, [threadId]);
+
+  return (
+    <form
+      onSubmit={(e) => {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const form = e.target as HTMLFormElement;
+        const message = new FormData(form).get("message") as string;
+        thread.submit(
+          { messages: [{ type: "human", content: message }] },
+          { streamResumable: true }
+        );
+      }}
+    >
+      <div>
+        {thread.messages.map((message) => (
+          <div key={message.id}>{message.content as string}</div>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+      <input type="text" name="message" />
+      <button type="submit">Send</button>
+    </form>
+  );
+}
+
+// Utility method to retrieve and persist data in URL as search param
+function useSearchParam(key: string) {
+  const [value, setValue] = useState<string | null>(() => {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    return params.get(key) ?? null;
+  });
+
+  const update = useCallback(
+    (value: string | null) => {
+      setValue(value);
+
+      const url = new URL(window.location.href);
+      if (value == null) {
+        url.searchParams.delete(key);
+      } else {
+        url.searchParams.set(key, value);
+      }
+
+      window.history.pushState({}, "", url.toString());
+    },
+    [key]
+  );
+
+  return [value, update] as const;
+}
+```
+
 ### Thread Management
 
 Keep track of conversations with built-in thread management. You can access the current thread ID and get notified when new threads are created:
@@ -127,7 +236,7 @@ const thread = useStream<{ messages: Message[] }>({
   threadId: threadId,
   onThreadId: setThreadId,
 });
-```
+````
 
 We recommend storing the `threadId` in your URL's query parameters to let users resume conversations after page refreshes.
 

docs/docs/cloud/reference/api/openapi.json

@@ -3818,6 +3818,14 @@
             "title": "Filter",
             "description": "Optional dictionary of key-value pairs to filter results."
           },
+          "query": {
+            "type": [
+              "string",
+              "null"
+            ],
+            "title": "Query",
+            "description": "Query string for semantic/vector search."
+          },
           "limit": {
             "type": "integer",
             "default": 10,

docs/docs/cloud/reference/cli.md

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ The LangGraph CLI requires a JSON configuration file that follows this [schema](
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`graphs`</span>           | **Required**. Mapping from graph ID to path where the compiled graph or a function that makes a graph is defined. Example: <ul><li>`./your_package/your_file.py:variable`, where `variable` is an instance of `langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph`</li><li>`./your_package/your_file.py:make_graph`, where `make_graph` is a function that takes a config dictionary (`langchain_core.runnables.RunnableConfig`) and returns an instance of `langgraph.graph.state.StateGraph` or `langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph`. See [how to rebuild a graph at runtime](../../cloud/deployment/graph_rebuild.md) for more details.</li></ul>                                    |
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`auth`</span>             | _(Added in v0.0.11)_ Auth configuration containing the path to your authentication handler. Example: `./your_package/auth.py:auth`, where `auth` is an instance of `langgraph_sdk.Auth`. See [authentication guide](../../concepts/auth.md) for details.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`base_image`</span>       | Optional. Base image to use for the LangGraph API server. Defaults to `langchain/langgraph-api` or `langchain/langgraphjs-api`. Use this to pin your builds to a particular version of the langgraph API, such as `"langchain/langgraph-server:0.2"`. See https://hub.docker.com/r/langchain/langgraph-server/tags for more details. (added in `langgraph-cli==0.2.8`) |
+    | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`image_distro`</span>     | Optional. Linux distribution for the base image. Must be either `"debian"` or `"wolfi"`. If omitted, defaults to `"debian"`. Available in `langgraph-cli>=0.2.11`.|
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`env`</span>              | Path to `.env` file or a mapping from environment variable to its value.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`store`</span>            | Configuration for adding semantic search and/or time-to-live (TTL) to the BaseStore. Contains the following fields: <ul><li>`index` (optional): Configuration for semantic search indexing with fields `embed`, `dims`, and optional `fields`.</li><li>`ttl` (optional): Configuration for item expiration. An object with optional fields: `refresh_on_read` (boolean, defaults to `true`), `default_ttl` (float, lifespan in **minutes**, defaults to no expiration), and `sweep_interval_minutes` (integer, how often to check for expired items, defaults to no sweeping).</li></ul> |
     | <span style="white-space: nowrap;">`ui`</span>               | Optional. Named definitions of UI components emitted by the agent, each pointing to a JS/TS file. (added in `langgraph-cli==0.1.84`)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
@@ -79,6 +80,20 @@ The LangGraph CLI requires a JSON configuration file that follows this [schema](
     }
     ```
 
+    #### Using Wolfi Base Images
+
+    You can specify the Linux distribution for your base image using the `image_distro` field. Valid options are `debian` or `wolfi`. Wolfi is the recommended option as it provides smaller and more secure images. This is available in `langgraph-cli>=0.2.11`.
+
+    ```json
+    {
+      "dependencies": ["."],
+      "graphs": {
+        "chat": "./chat/graph.py:graph"
+      },
+      "image_distro": "wolfi"
+    }
+    ```
+
     #### Adding semantic search to the store
 
     All deployments come with a DB-backed BaseStore. Adding an "index" configuration to your `langgraph.json` will enable [semantic search](../deployment/semantic_search.md) within the BaseStore of your deployment.

docs/docs/cloud/reference/env_var.md

@@ -123,3 +123,12 @@ Defaults to `''`.
 Set `REDIS_CLUSTER` to `True` to enable Redis Cluster mode. When enabled, the system will connect to Redis using cluster mode. This is useful when connecting to a Redis Cluster deployment.
 
 Defaults to `False`.
+
+## `MOUNT_PREFIX`
+
+!!! info "Only Allowed in Self-Hosted Deployments"
+    The `MOUNT_PREFIX` environment variable is only allowed in Self-Hosted Deployment models, LangGraph Platform SaaS will not allow this environment variable.
+
+Set `MOUNT_PREFIX` to serve the LangGraph Server under a specific path prefix. This is useful for deployments where the server is behind a reverse proxy or load balancer that requires a specific path prefix.
+
+For example, if the server is to be served under `https://example.com/langgraph`, set `MOUNT_PREFIX` to `/langgraph`.

docs/docs/concepts/application_structure.md

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Below are examples of directory structures for Python and JavaScript application
     │   ├── utils # utilities for your graph
     │   │   ├── __init__.py
     │   │   ├── tools.py # tools for your graph
-    │   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for you graph
+    │   │   ├── nodes.py # node functions for your graph
     │   │   └── state.py # state definition of your graph
     │   ├── __init__.py
     │   └── agent.py # code for constructing your graph

docs/docs/concepts/assistants.md

@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ Once you've created an assistant, subsequent edits to that assistant will create
 
 ## Learn more
 
-* The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing assistants their versions. See the [API reference](../cloud/reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/assistants) for more details.
+* The LangGraph Cloud API provides several endpoints for creating and managing assistants and their versions. See the [API reference](../cloud/reference/api/api_ref.html#tag/assistants) for more details.

docs/docs/concepts/auth.md

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ async def add_owner(
 You can register handlers for specific resources and actions by chaining the resource and action names together with the [`@auth.on`](../cloud/reference/sdk/python_sdk_ref.md#langgraph_sdk.auth.Auth.on) decorator.
 When a request is made, the most specific handler that matches that resource and action is called. Below is an example of how to register handlers for specific resources and actions. For the following setup:
 
-1. Authenticated users are able to create threads, read thread, create runs on threads
+1. Authenticated users are able to create threads, read threads, and create runs on threads
 2. Only users with the "assistants:create" permission are allowed to create new assistants
 3. All other endpoints (e.g., e.g., delete assistant, crons, store) are disabled for all users.
 

docs/docs/concepts/deployment_options.md

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ For more information, please see:
 !!! info "Important"
     The Self-Hosted Control Plane deployment option is currently in beta stage and requires an [Enterprise](../concepts/plans.md) plan.
 
-The [Self-Hosted Control Plane](./langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md) deployment option is a fully self-hosted model for deployment where you manage the [control plane](./langgraph_control_plane.md) and [data plane](./langgraph_data_plane.md) in your cloud. This option give you full control and responsibility of the control plane and data plane infrastructure.
+The [Self-Hosted Control Plane](./langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md) deployment option is a fully self-hosted model for deployment where you manage the [control plane](./langgraph_control_plane.md) and [data plane](./langgraph_data_plane.md) in your cloud. This option gives you full control and responsibility of the control plane and data plane infrastructure.
 
 Build a Docker image using the [LangGraph CLI](./langgraph_cli.md) and deploy your LangGraph Server from the [control plane UI](./langgraph_control_plane.md#control-plane-ui).
 

docs/docs/concepts/faq.md

@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ Yes! You can use LangGraph with any LLMs. The main reason we use LLMs that suppo
 
 Yes! LangGraph is totally ambivalent to what LLMs are used under the hood. The main reason we use closed LLMs in most of the tutorials is that they seamlessly support tool calling, while OSS LLMs often don't. But tool calling is not necessary (see [this section](#does-langgraph-work-with-llms-that-dont-support-tool-calling)) so you can totally use LangGraph with OSS LLMs.
 
-## Can I use LangGraph Studio without logging to LangSmith
+## Can I use LangGraph Studio without logging in to LangSmith
 
 Yes! You can use the [development version of LangGraph Server](../tutorials/langgraph-platform/local-server.md) to run the backend locally.
 This will connect to the studio frontend hosted as part of LangSmith.
-If you set an environment variable of `LANGSMITH_TRACING=false` then no traces will be sent to LangSmith.
+If you set an environment variable of `LANGSMITH_TRACING=false`, then no traces will be sent to LangSmith.

docs/docs/concepts/functional_api.md

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ When declaring an `entrypoint`, you can request access to additional parameters
 
 | Parameter    | Description                                                                                                                                                        |
 |--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| **previous** | Access the the state associated with the previous `checkpoint` for the given thread. See [short-term-memory](#short-term-memory).                                  |
+| **previous** | Access the state associated with the previous `checkpoint` for the given thread. See [short-term-memory](#short-term-memory).                                  |
 | **store**    | An instance of [BaseStore][langgraph.store.base.BaseStore]. Useful for [long-term memory](../how-tos/use-functional-api.md#long-term-memory).                      |
 | **writer**   | Use to access the StreamWriter when working with Async Python < 3.11. See [streaming with functional API for details](../how-tos/use-functional-api.md#streaming). |
 | **config**   | For accessing run time configuration. See [RunnableConfig](https://python.langchain.com/docs/concepts/runnables/#runnableconfig) for information.                  |

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_data_plane.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ The term "data plane" is used broadly to refer to [LangGraph Servers](./langgrap
 
 ## Server Infrastructure
 
-In addition to the [LangGraph Server](./langgraph_server.md) itself, the following infrastructure for each server are also included in the broad definition of "data plane":
+In addition to the [LangGraph Server](./langgraph_server.md) itself, the following infrastructure components for each server are also included in the broad definition of "data plane":
 
 - Postgres
 - Redis
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ All runs in a LangGraph Server are executed by a pool of background workers that
 
 ### Ephemeral metadata
 
-Runs in a LangGraph Server may be retried for specific failures (currently only for transient Postgres errors encountered during the run). In order to limit the number of retries (currently limited to 3 attempts per run) we record the attempt number in a Redis string when is picked up. This contains no run-specific info other than its ID, and expires after a short delay.
+Runs in a LangGraph Server may be retried for specific failures (currently only for transient Postgres errors encountered during the run). In order to limit the number of retries (currently limited to 3 attempts per run) we record the attempt number in a Redis string when it is picked up. This contains no run-specific info other than its ID, and expires after a short delay.
 
 ## Data Plane Features
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ For CPU utilization, the autoscaler targets 75% utilization. This means the auto
 
 For number of pending runs, the autoscaler targets 10 pending runs. For example, if the current number of containers is 1, but the number of pending runs in 20, the autoscaler will scale up the deployment to 2 containers (20 pending runs / 2 containers = 10 pending runs per container).
 
-Each metric is computed independently and the autoscaler will determine the scaling action based on the metric that results in the most number of containers.
+Each metric is computed independently and the autoscaler will determine the scaling action based on the metric that results in the largest number of containers.
 
 Scale down actions are delayed for 30 minutes before any action is taken. In other words, if the autoscaler decides to scale down a deployment, it will first wait for 30 minutes before scaling down. After 30 minutes, the metrics are recomputed and the deployment will scale down if the recomputed metrics result in a lower number of containers than the current number. Otherwise, the deployment remains scaled up. This "cool down" period ensures that deployments do not scale up and down too frequently.
 

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_platform.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Develop, deploy, scale, and manage agents with **LangGraph Platform** — the pu
 
 !!! tip "Get started with LangGraph Platform"
 
-    Check out the [LangGraph Platform quickstart](../tutorials/langgraph-platform/local-server.md) for instructions on how to use LangGraph Platform run a LangGraph application locally.
+    Check out the [LangGraph Platform quickstart](../tutorials/langgraph-platform/local-server.md) for instructions on how to use LangGraph Platform to run a LangGraph application locally.
 
 ## Why use LangGraph Platform?
 
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ LangGraph Platform makes it easy to get your agent running in production —  wh
 
 - **[LangGraph Studio](./langgraph_studio.md)**: Enables visualization, interaction, and debugging of agentic systems that implement the LangGraph Server API protocol. Studio also integrates with LangSmith to enable tracing, evaluation, and prompt engineering.
 
-- **[Deployment](./deployment_options.md)**: There are four ways to deploy on LangGraph Platform: [Cloud Saas](../concepts/langgraph_cloud.md), [Self-Hosted Data Plane](../concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md), [Self-Hosted Control Plane](../concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md), and [Standalone Container](../concepts/langgraph_standalone_container.md).
+- **[Deployment](./deployment_options.md)**: There are four ways to deploy on LangGraph Platform: [Cloud SaaS](../concepts/langgraph_cloud.md), [Self-Hosted Data Plane](../concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md), [Self-Hosted Control Plane](../concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md), and [Standalone Container](../concepts/langgraph_standalone_container.md).

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md

@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@ There are two versions of the self-hosted deployment: [Self-Hosted Data Plane](.
 
 - You use `langgraph-cli` and/or [LangGraph Studio](./langgraph_studio.md) app to test graph locally.
 - You use `langgraph build` command to build image.
+- You have a Self-Hosted LangSmith instance deployed.
+- You are using Ingress for your LangSmith instance. All agents will be deployed as Kubernetes services behind this ingress.
 
 ## Self-Hosted Control Plane
 
-The [Self-Hosted Control Plane](./langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md) deployment option is a fully self-hosted model for deployment where you manage the [control plane](./langgraph_control_plane.md) and [data plane](./langgraph_data_plane.md) in your cloud. This option give you full control and responsibility of the control plane and data plane infrastructure.
+The [Self-Hosted Control Plane](./langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md) deployment option is a fully self-hosted model for deployment where you manage the [control plane](./langgraph_control_plane.md) and [data plane](./langgraph_data_plane.md) in your cloud. This option gives you full control and responsibility of the control plane and data plane infrastructure.
 
 |                   | [Control plane](../concepts/langgraph_control_plane.md) | [Data plane](../concepts/langgraph_data_plane.md) |
 |-------------------|-------------------|------------|
@@ -29,4 +31,4 @@ The [Self-Hosted Control Plane](./langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md) deploy
  - **Kubernetes**: The Self-Hosted Control Plane deployment option supports deploying control plane and data plane infrastructure to any Kubernetes cluster.
 
 !!! tip
-    If you would like to deploy to Kubernetes, you can use this [Helm chart](https://github.com/langchain-ai/helm/blob/main/charts/langgraph-cloud/README.md).
+    If you would like to enable this on your LangSmith instance, please follow the [Self-Hosted Control Plane deployment guide](../cloud/deployment/self_hosted_control_plane.md).

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md

@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ For information on how to deploy a [LangGraph Server](../concepts/langgraph_serv
 - **Amazon ECS**: Coming soon!
 
 !!! tip
-    If you would like to deploy to Kubernetes, you can use this [Helm chart](https://github.com/langchain-ai/helm/blob/main/charts/langgraph-cloud/README.md).
+    If you would like to deploy to Kubernetes, you can follow the [Self-Hosted Data Plane deployment guide](../cloud/deployment/self_hosted_data_plane.md).

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_server.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Feature Differences:
 |-------|------------|------------|
 | [Cron Jobs](../cloud/concepts/cron_jobs.md) |❌|✅|
 | [Custom Authentication](../concepts/auth.md) |❌|✅|
-| [Deployment options](../concepts/deployment_options.md) | Standalone container | Cloud Saas, Self-Hosted Data Plane, Self-Hosted Control Plane, Standalone container
+| [Deployment options](../concepts/deployment_options.md) | Standalone container | Cloud SaaS, Self-Hosted Data Plane, Self-Hosted Control Plane, Standalone container
 
 ## Application structure
 

docs/docs/concepts/langgraph_studio.md

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Key features of LangGraph Studio:
 
 - Visualize your graph architecture
 - [Run and interact with your agent](../cloud/how-tos/invoke_studio.md)
-- [Manage assistants](../cloud/how-tos/studio/manage_assistants.md.md)
+- [Manage assistants](../cloud/how-tos/studio/manage_assistants.md)
 - [Manage threads](../cloud/how-tos/threads_studio.md)
 - [Iterate on prompts](../cloud/how-tos/iterate_graph_studio.md)
 - Manage [long term memory](memory.md)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Studio supports two modes:
 
 ### Graph mode
 
-Graph mode exposes the full feature-set of Studio and is useful when you would like as many details about the execution of your agent, including the nodes traversed, intermediate states, and LangSmith integrations (such as adding to datasets an playground).
+Graph mode exposes the full feature-set of Studio and is useful when you would like as many details about the execution of your agent, including the nodes traversed, intermediate states, and LangSmith integrations (such as adding to datasets and playground).
 
 ### Chat mode
 

docs/docs/concepts/low_level.md

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def node_3(state: PrivateState) -> OutputState:
     # Read from PrivateState, write to OutputState
     return {"graph_output": state["bar"] + " Lance"}
 
-builder = StateGraph(OverallState,input=InputState,output=OutputState)
+builder = StateGraph(OverallState,input_schema=InputState,output_schema=OutputState)
 builder.add_node("node_1", node_1)
 builder.add_node("node_2", node_2)
 builder.add_node("node_3", node_3)
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ graph.invoke({"user_input":"My"})
 
 There are two subtle and important points to note here:
 
-1. We pass `state: InputState` as the input schema to `node_1`. But, we write out to `foo`, a channel in `OverallState`. How can we write out to a state channel that is not included in the input schema? This is because a node _can write to any state channel in the graph state._ The graph state is the union of of the state channels defined at initialization, which includes `OverallState` and the filters `InputState` and `OutputState`.
+1. We pass `state: InputState` as the input schema to `node_1`. But, we write out to `foo`, a channel in `OverallState`. How can we write out to a state channel that is not included in the input schema? This is because a node _can write to any state channel in the graph state._ The graph state is the union of the state channels defined at initialization, which includes `OverallState` and the filters `InputState` and `OutputState`.
 
-2. We initialize the graph with `StateGraph(OverallState,input=InputState,output=OutputState)`. So, how can we write to `PrivateState` in `node_2`? How does the graph gain access to this schema if it was not passed in the `StateGraph` initialization? We can do this because _nodes can also declare additional state channels_ as long as the state schema definition exists. In this case, the `PrivateState` schema is defined, so we can add `bar` as a new state channel in the graph and write to it.
+2. We initialize the graph with `StateGraph(OverallState,input_schema=InputState,output_schema=OutputState)`. So, how can we write to `PrivateState` in `node_2`? How does the graph gain access to this schema if it was not passed in the `StateGraph` initialization? We can do this because _nodes can also declare additional state channels_ as long as the state schema definition exists. In this case, the `PrivateState` schema is defined, so we can add `bar` as a new state channel in the graph and write to it.
 
 ### Reducers
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ In addition to keeping track of message IDs, the `add_messages` function will al
 {"messages": [{"type": "human", "content": "message"}]}
 ```
 
-Since the state updates are always deserialized into LangChain `Messages` when using `add_messages`, you should use dot notation to access message attributes, like `state["messages"][-1].content`. Below is an example of a graph that uses `add_messages` as it's reducer function.
+Since the state updates are always deserialized into LangChain `Messages` when using `add_messages`, you should use dot notation to access message attributes, like `state["messages"][-1].content`. Below is an example of a graph that uses `add_messages` as its reducer function.
 
 ```python
 from langchain_core.messages import AnyMessage
@@ -197,19 +197,25 @@ In LangGraph, nodes are typically python functions (sync or async) where the **f
 Similar to `NetworkX`, you add these nodes to a graph using the [add_node][langgraph.graph.StateGraph.add_node] method:
 
 ```python
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
 
-builder = StateGraph(dict)
+class State(TypedDict):
+    input: str
+    results: str
+
+builder = StateGraph(State)
 
 
-def my_node(state: dict, config: RunnableConfig):
+def my_node(state: State, config: RunnableConfig):
     print("In node: ", config["configurable"]["user_id"])
     return {"results": f"Hello, {state['input']}!"}
 
 
 # The second argument is optional
-def my_other_node(state: dict):
+def my_other_node(state: State):
     return state
 
 

docs/docs/concepts/persistence.md

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ def update_memory(state: MessagesState, config: RunnableConfig, *, store: BaseSt
 
 ```
 
-As we showed above, we can also access the store in any node and use the `store.search` method to get memories. Recall the the memories are returned as a list of objects that can be converted to a dictionary.
+As we showed above, we can also access the store in any node and use the `store.search` method to get memories. Recall the memories are returned as a list of objects that can be converted to a dictionary.
 
 ```python
 memories[-1].dict()
@@ -470,9 +470,51 @@ If the checkpointer is used with asynchronous graph execution (i.e. executing th
 
 ### Serializer
 
-When checkpointers save the graph state, they need to serialize the channel values in the state. This is done using serializer objects. 
+When checkpointers save the graph state, they need to serialize the channel values in the state. This is done using serializer objects.
 `langgraph_checkpoint` defines [protocol][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base.SerializerProtocol] for implementing serializers provides a default implementation ([JsonPlusSerializer][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus.JsonPlusSerializer]) that handles a wide variety of types, including LangChain and LangGraph primitives, datetimes, enums and more.
 
+#### Serialization with `pickle`
+
+The default serializer, [`JsonPlusSerializer`][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus.JsonPlusSerializer], uses ormsgpack and JSON under the hood, which is not suitable for all types of objects.
+
+If you want to fallback to pickle for objects not currently supported by our msgpack encoder (such as Pandas dataframes),
+you can use the `pickle_fallback` argument of the `JsonPlusSerializer`:
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+
+# ... Define the graph ...
+graph.compile(
+    checkpointer=MemorySaver(serde=JsonPlusSerializer(pickle_fallback=True))
+)
+```
+
+#### Encryption
+
+Checkpointers can optionally encrypt all persisted state. To enable this, pass an instance of [`EncryptedSerializer`][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted.EncryptedSerializer] to the `serde` argument of any `BaseCheckpointSaver` implementation. The easiest way to create an encrypted serializer is via [`from_pycryptodome_aes`][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted.EncryptedSerializer.from_pycryptodome_aes], which reads the AES key from the `LANGGRAPH_AES_KEY` environment variable (or accepts a `key` argument):
+
+```python
+import sqlite3
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted import EncryptedSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
+
+serde = EncryptedSerializer.from_pycryptodome_aes()  # reads LANGGRAPH_AES_KEY
+checkpointer = SqliteSaver(sqlite3.connect("checkpoint.db"), serde=serde)
+```
+
+```python
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted import EncryptedSerializer
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
+
+serde = EncryptedSerializer.from_pycryptodome_aes()
+checkpointer = PostgresSaver.from_conn_string("postgresql://...", serde=serde)
+checkpointer.setup()
+```
+
+When running on LangGraph Platform, encryption is automatically enabled whenever `LANGGRAPH_AES_KEY` is present, so you only need to provide the environment variable. Other encryption schemes can be used by implementing [`CipherProtocol`][langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base.CipherProtocol] and supplying it to `EncryptedSerializer`.
+
 ## Capabilities
 
 ### Human-in-the-loop

docs/docs/concepts/pregel.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Each step consists of three phases:
 
 Repeat until no **actors** are selected for execution, or a maximum number of steps is reached.
 
-## Actors 
+## Actors
 
 An **actor** is a `PregelNode`. It subscribes to channels, reads data from them, and writes data to them. It can be thought of as an **actor** in the Pregel algorithm. `PregelNodes` implement LangChain's Runnable interface.
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Channels are used to communicate between actors (PregelNodes). Each channel has
 
 ## Examples
 
-While most users will interact with Pregel through the [StateGraph][langgraph.graph.StateGraph] API or 
+While most users will interact with Pregel through the [StateGraph][langgraph.graph.StateGraph] API or
 the [entrypoint][langgraph.func.entrypoint] decorator, it is possible to interact with Pregel directly.
 
 Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
     ```python
 
     from langgraph.channels import EphemeralValue
-    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, Channel 
+    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, NodeBuilder
 
     node1 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("a")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | Channel.write_to("b")
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("a")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("b")
     )
 
     app = Pregel(
@@ -78,18 +78,18 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
     ```python
     from langgraph.channels import LastValue, EphemeralValue
-    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, Channel 
+    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, NodeBuilder
 
     node1 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("a")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | Channel.write_to("b")
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("a")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("b")
     )
 
     node2 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("b")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | Channel.write_to("c")
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("b")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("c")
     )
 
 
@@ -115,23 +115,18 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
     ```python
     from langgraph.channels import EphemeralValue, Topic
-    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, Channel 
+    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, NodeBuilder
 
     node1 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("a")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | {
-            "b": Channel.write_to("b"),
-            "c": Channel.write_to("c")
-        }
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("a")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("b", "c")
     )
 
     node2 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("b")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | {
-            "c": Channel.write_to("c"),
-        }
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_to("b")
+        .do(lambda x: x["b"] + x["b"])
+        .write_to("c")
     )
 
     app = Pregel(
@@ -158,24 +153,19 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
     ```python
     from langgraph.channels import EphemeralValue, BinaryOperatorAggregate
-    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, Channel
+    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, NodeBuilder
 
 
     node1 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("a")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | {
-            "b": Channel.write_to("b"),
-            "c": Channel.write_to("c")
-        }
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("a")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("b", "c")
     )
 
     node2 = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("b")
-        | (lambda x: x + x)
-        | {
-            "c": Channel.write_to("c"),
-        }
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("b")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x)
+        .write_to("c")
     )
 
     def reducer(current, update):
@@ -197,8 +187,7 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
     app.invoke({"a": "foo"})
     ```
-    
-    
+
 === "Cycle"
 
     This example demonstrates how to introduce a cycle in the graph, by having
@@ -207,12 +196,12 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
     ```python
     from langgraph.channels import EphemeralValue
-    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, Channel, ChannelWrite, ChannelWriteEntry
+    from langgraph.pregel import Pregel, NodeBuilder, ChannelWriteEntry
 
     example_node = (
-        Channel.subscribe_to("value")
-        | (lambda x: x + x if len(x) < 10 else None)
-        | ChannelWrite(writes=[ChannelWriteEntry(channel="value", skip_none=True)])
+        NodeBuilder().subscribe_only("value")
+        .do(lambda x: x + x if len(x) < 10 else None)
+        .write_to(ChannelWriteEntry("value", skip_none=True))
     )
 
     app = Pregel(
@@ -235,7 +224,6 @@ Below are a few different examples to give you a sense of the Pregel API.
 
 LangGraph provides two high-level APIs for creating a Pregel application: the [StateGraph (Graph API)](./low_level.md) and the [Functional API](functional_api.md).
 
-
 === "StateGraph (Graph API)"
 
     The [StateGraph (Graph API)][langgraph.graph.StateGraph] is a higher-level abstraction that simplifies the creation of Pregel applications. It allows you to define a graph of nodes and edges. When you compile the graph, the StateGraph API automatically creates the Pregel application for you.
@@ -266,7 +254,7 @@ LangGraph provides two high-level APIs for creating a Pregel application: the [S
     builder.add_node(score_essay)
     builder.add_edge(START, "write_essay")
 
-    # Compile the graph. 
+    # Compile the graph.
     # This will return a Pregel instance.
     graph = builder.compile()
     ```
@@ -279,7 +267,7 @@ LangGraph provides two high-level APIs for creating a Pregel application: the [S
 
     You will see something like this:
 
-    ```pycon 
+    ```pycon
     {'__start__': <langgraph.pregel.read.PregelNode at 0x7d05e3ba1810>,
      'write_essay': <langgraph.pregel.read.PregelNode at 0x7d05e3ba14d0>,
      'score_essay': <langgraph.pregel.read.PregelNode at 0x7d05e3ba1710>}
@@ -310,7 +298,7 @@ LangGraph provides two high-level APIs for creating a Pregel application: the [S
 === "Functional API"
 
     In the [Functional API](functional_api.md), you can use an [`entrypoint`][langgraph.func.entrypoint] to create
-    a Pregel application. The `entrypoint` decorator allows you to define a function that takes input and returns output. 
+    a Pregel application. The `entrypoint` decorator allows you to define a function that takes input and returns output.
 
     ```python
     from typing import TypedDict, Optional
@@ -339,8 +327,8 @@ LangGraph provides two high-level APIs for creating a Pregel application: the [S
     ```
 
     ```pycon
-    Nodes: 
+    Nodes:
     {'write_essay': <langgraph.pregel.read.PregelNode object at 0x7d05e2f9aad0>}
-    Channels: 
+    Channels:
     {'__start__': <langgraph.channels.ephemeral_value.EphemeralValue object at 0x7d05e2c906c0>, '__end__': <langgraph.channels.last_value.LastValue object at 0x7d05e2c90c40>, '__previous__': <langgraph.channels.last_value.LastValue object at 0x7d05e1007280>}
     ```

docs/docs/concepts/scalability_and_resilience.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ When a graceful shutdown request is received (SIGINT) an instance enters shutdow
 - gives any in-progress runs a limited number of seconds to finish (if not finished it will be put back in the queue)
 - stops the instance from picking up more runs from the queue
 
-If a hard shutdown occurs due to a server crash or an infrastructure failure, any runs that were in progress will be picked up by a internal sweeper task that looks for in-progress runs that have breached their heartbeat window. The sweeper runs every 2 minutes and will put the runs back in the queue for another instance to pick them up.
+If a hard shutdown occurs due to a server crash or an infrastructure failure, any runs that were in progress will be picked up by an internal sweeper task that looks for in-progress runs that have breached their heartbeat window. The sweeper runs every 2 minutes and will put the runs back in the queue for another instance to pick them up.
 
 ## Postgres resilience
 

docs/docs/concepts/server-mcp.md

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def answer_node(state: InputState):
     return {"answer": "bye", "question": state["question"]}
 
 # Build the graph with explicit schemas
-builder = StateGraph(OverallState, input=InputState, output=OutputState)
+builder = StateGraph(OverallState, input_schema=InputState, output_schema=OutputState)
 builder.add_node(answer_node)
 builder.add_edge(START, "answer_node")
 builder.add_edge("answer_node", END)

docs/docs/concepts/subgraphs.md

@@ -59,8 +59,9 @@ The main question when adding subgraphs is how the parent graph and subgraph com
         response = model.invoke(state["subgraph_messages"])
         return {"subgraph_messages": response}
 
-    subgraph_builder = StateGraph(State)
-    subgraph_builder.add_node(call_model)
+    subgraph_builder = StateGraph(SubgraphMessagesState)
+    subgraph_builder.add_node("call_model_from_subgraph", call_model)
+    subgraph_builder.add_edge(START, "call_model_from_subgraph")
     ...
     # highlight-next-line
     subgraph = subgraph_builder.compile()

docs/docs/how-tos/auth/custom_auth.md

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ In your `langgraph.json`, add the path to your auth file:
 
 ## 3. Connect from the client
 
-Once you've set up authentication in your server, requests must include the the required authorization information based on your chosen scheme.
+Once you've set up authentication in your server, requests must include the required authorization information based on your chosen scheme.
 Assuming you are using JWT token authentication, you could access your deployments using any of the following methods:
 
 === "Python Client"

docs/docs/how-tos/graph-api.ipynb

@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 6,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "6ec0eb77-874e-443e-8c73-93125b515106",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# Build the graph with input and output schemas specified\n",
-    "builder = StateGraph(OverallState, input=InputState, output=OutputState)\n",
+    "builder = StateGraph(OverallState, input_schema=InputState, output_schema=OutputState)\n",
     "builder.add_node(answer_node)  # Add the answer node\n",
     "builder.add_edge(START, \"answer_node\")  # Define the starting edge\n",
     "builder.add_edge(\"answer_node\", END)  # Define the ending edge\n",
@@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@
     "\n",
     "There are many use cases where you may wish for your node to have a custom retry policy, for example if you are calling an API, querying a database, or calling an LLM, etc. LangGraph lets you add retry policies to nodes.\n",
     "\n",
-    "To configure a retry policy, pass the `retry` parameter to the [add_node](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.state.StateGraph.add_node). The `retry` parameter takes in a `RetryPolicy` named tuple object. Below we instantiate a `RetryPolicy` object with the default parameters and associate it with a node:\n",
+    "To configure a retry policy, pass the `retry_policy` parameter to the [add_node](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.state.StateGraph.add_node). The `retry_policy` parameter takes in a `RetryPolicy` named tuple object. Below we instantiate a `RetryPolicy` object with the default parameters and associate it with a node:\n",
     "\n",
     "```python\n",
     "from langgraph.pregel import RetryPolicy\n",
@@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@
     "builder.add_node(\n",
     "    \"node_name\",\n",
     "    node_function,\n",
-    "    retry=RetryPolicy(),\n",
+    "    retry_policy=RetryPolicy(),\n",
     ")\n",
     "```"
    ]
@@ -1241,7 +1241,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "ad92598c-b688-42fa-aae0-9de36273d584",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
@@ -1276,9 +1276,9 @@
     "builder.add_node(\n",
     "    \"query_database\",\n",
     "    query_database,\n",
-    "    retry=RetryPolicy(retry_on=sqlite3.OperationalError),\n",
+    "    retry_policy=RetryPolicy(retry_on=sqlite3.OperationalError),\n",
     ")\n",
-    "builder.add_node(\"model\", call_model, retry=RetryPolicy(max_attempts=5))\n",
+    "builder.add_node(\"model\", call_model, retry_policy=RetryPolicy(max_attempts=5))\n",
     "builder.add_edge(START, \"model\")\n",
     "builder.add_edge(\"model\", \"query_database\")\n",
     "builder.add_edge(\"query_database\", END)\n",
@@ -3416,7 +3416,7 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "display_name": ".venv",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
@@ -3430,7 +3430,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.10.4"
+   "version": "3.9.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

docs/docs/how-tos/human_in_the_loop/time-travel.ipynb

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "1. **Run the graph** with initial inputs using `invoke` or `stream` APIs.\n",
-    "2. **Identify a checkpoint in an existing thread**: Use the [`get_state_history()`][langgraph.graph.graph.CompiledGraph.get_state_history] method to retrieve the execution history for a specific `thread_id` and locate the desired `checkpoint_id`.  \n",
+    "2. **Identify a checkpoint in an existing thread**: Use the [`get_state_history()`][langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph.get_state_history] method to retrieve the execution history for a specific `thread_id` and locate the desired `checkpoint_id`.  \n",
     "   Alternatively, set a [breakpoint](../../../concepts/breakpoints/) before the node(s) where you want execution to pause. You can then find the most recent checkpoint recorded up to that breakpoint.\n",
-    "3. **(Optional) modify the graph state**: Use the [`update_state`][langgraph.graph.graph.CompiledGraph.update_state] method to modify the graph’s state at the checkpoint and resume execution from alternative state.\n",
+    "3. **(Optional) modify the graph state**: Use the [`update_state`][langgraph.graph.state.CompiledStateGraph.update_state] method to modify the graph’s state at the checkpoint and resume execution from alternative state.\n",
     "4. **Resume execution from the checkpoint**: Use the `invoke` or `stream` APIs with an input of `None` and a configuration containing the appropriate `thread_id` and `checkpoint_id`.\n",
     "\n",
     "## Example\n",

docs/docs/how-tos/many-tools.ipynb

@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 46,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "1954a5f1-91e4-4b32-9be9-c8bc1cc43cb5",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
@@ -465,7 +465,9 @@
     "\n",
     "graph_builder = StateGraph(State)\n",
     "graph_builder.add_node(\"agent\", agent)\n",
-    "graph_builder.add_node(\"select_tools\", select_tools, retry=RetryPolicy(max_attempts=3))\n",
+    "graph_builder.add_node(\n",
+    "    \"select_tools\", select_tools, retry_policy=RetryPolicy(max_attempts=3)\n",
+    ")\n",
     "\n",
     "tool_node = ToolNode(tools=tools)\n",
     "graph_builder.add_node(\"tools\", tool_node)\n",

docs/docs/how-tos/multi-agent-multi-turn-convo-functional.ipynb

@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
    "id": "213d661e-6ba4-42b9-bc7f-6c8c423e3419",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "Let's now create our agents using the the prebuilt [`create_react_agent`][langgraph.prebuilt.chat_agent_executor.create_react_agent] and our multi-agent workflow. Note that will be calling [`interrupt`][langgraph.types.interrupt] every time after we get the final response from each of the agents."
+    "Let's now create our agents using the prebuilt [`create_react_agent`][langgraph.prebuilt.chat_agent_executor.create_react_agent] and our multi-agent workflow. Note that will be calling [`interrupt`][langgraph.types.interrupt] every time after we get the final response from each of the agents."
    ]
   },
   {

docs/docs/how-tos/persistence.ipynb

@@ -739,7 +739,6 @@
     "                'id': '1f029ca3-1f5b-6704-8004-820c16b69a5a',\n",
     "                'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.5290678567601859', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000006.0.3205149138784782', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000006.0.14611156755133758'}, 'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000004.0.5736472536395331'}, 'call_model': {'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.1410174088651449'}},\n",
     "                'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today?), HumanMessage(content=\"what's my name?\"), AIMessage(content='Your name is Bob.')]},\n",
-    "                'pending_sends': []\n",
     "            },\n",
     "            metadata={\n",
     "                'source': 'loop',\n",
@@ -856,7 +855,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-1f5b-6704-8004-820c16b69a5a', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.5290678567601859', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000006.0.3205149138784782', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000006.0.14611156755133758'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000004.0.5736472536395331'}, 'call_model': {'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.1410174088651449'}},\n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?'), HumanMessage(content=\"what's my name?\"), AIMessage(content='Your name is Bob.')]}, 'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?'), HumanMessage(content=\"what's my name?\"), AIMessage(content='Your name is Bob.')]},\n",
     "                },\n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': {'call_model': {'messages': AIMessage(content='Your name is Bob.')}}, 'step': 4, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1f029ca3-1790-6b0a-8003-baf965b6a38f'}}, \n",
@@ -870,8 +869,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-1790-6b0a-8003-baf965b6a38f', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.5290678567601859', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.7935064215293443', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000005.0.1410174088651449'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000004.0.5736472536395331'}, 'call_model': {'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.9300422176788571'}}, \n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?'), HumanMessage(content=\"what's my name?\")], 'branch:to:call_model': None}, \n",
-    "                    'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?'), HumanMessage(content=\"what's my name?\")], 'branch:to:call_model': None}\n",
     "                }, \n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': None, 'step': 3, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config={...}, \n",
@@ -885,8 +883,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-1790-616e-8002-9e021694a0cd', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000004.0.5736472536395331', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000003.0.7056767754077798', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000003.0.22059023329132854'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000001.0.7040775356287469'}, 'call_model': {'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.9300422176788571'}}, \n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"what's my name?\"}]}, 'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?')]}, \n",
-    "                    'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"what's my name?\"}]}, 'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?')]}\n",
     "                }, \n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'input', 'writes': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"what's my name?\"}]}}, 'step': 2, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config={...}, \n",
@@ -900,8 +897,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-178d-6f54-8001-d7b180db0c89', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.18673090920108737', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000003.0.7056767754077798', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000003.0.22059023329132854'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000001.0.7040775356287469'}, 'call_model': {'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.9300422176788571'}}, \n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?')]}, \n",
-    "                    'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\"), AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?')]}\n",
     "                }, \n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': {'call_model': {'messages': AIMessage(content='Hi Bob! How are you doing today? Is there anything I can help you with?')}}, 'step': 1, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config={...}, \n",
@@ -915,8 +911,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-0874-6612-8000-339f2abc83b1', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.18673090920108737', 'messages': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.30296526818059655', 'branch:to:call_model': '00000000000000000000000000000002.0.9300422176788571'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}, '__start__': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000001.0.7040775356287469'}}, \n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\")], 'branch:to:call_model': None}, \n",
-    "                    'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content=\"hi! I'm bob\")], 'branch:to:call_model': None}\n",
     "                }, \n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': None, 'step': 0, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config={...}, \n",
@@ -930,8 +925,7 @@
     "                    'id': '1f029ca3-0870-6ce2-bfff-1f3f14c3e565', \n",
     "                    'channel_versions': {'__start__': '00000000000000000000000000000001.0.7040775356287469'}, \n",
     "                    'versions_seen': {'__input__': {}}, \n",
-    "                    'channel_values': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"hi! I'm bob\"}]}}, \n",
-    "                    'pending_sends': []\n",
+    "                    'channel_values': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"hi! I'm bob\"}]}}\n",
     "                }, \n",
     "                metadata={'source': 'input', 'writes': {'__start__': {'messages': [{'role': 'user', 'content': \"hi! I'm bob\"}]}}, 'step': -1, 'parents': {}, 'thread_id': '1'}, \n",
     "                parent_config=None, \n",
@@ -1113,10 +1107,10 @@
    "source": [
     "### Use in production\n",
     "\n",
-    "In production, you would want to use a checkpointer backed by a database:\n",
+    "In production, you would want to use a store backed by a database:\n",
     "\n",
     "```python\n",
-    "from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver\n",
+    "from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore\n",
     "\n",
     "DB_URI = \"postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable\"\n",
     "# highlight-next-line\n",

docs/docs/how-tos/use-functional-api.md

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ attempts = 0
 # The default RetryPolicy is optimized for retrying specific network errors.
 retry_policy = RetryPolicy(retry_on=ValueError)
 
-@task(retry=retry_policy) 
+@task(retry_policy=retry_policy) 
 def get_info():
     global attempts
     attempts += 1

docs/docs/reference/checkpoints.md

@@ -12,12 +12,18 @@
     options:
       members:
         - SerializerProtocol
+        - CipherProtocol
 
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus
     options:
       members:
         - JsonPlusSerializer
 
+::: langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted
+    options:
+      members:
+        - EncryptedSerializer
+
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.memory
 
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite
@@ -32,4 +38,4 @@
 ::: langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio
     options:
       members:
-        - AsyncPostgresSaver
+        - AsyncPostgresSaver

docs/docs/reference/graphs.md

@@ -36,41 +36,6 @@
         - aget_subgraphs
         - with_config
 
-::: langgraph.graph.graph.Graph
-    options:
-      show_if_no_docstring: true
-      show_root_heading: true
-      show_root_full_path: false
-      members:
-        - add_node
-        - add_edge
-        - add_conditional_edges
-        - compile
-
-::: langgraph.graph.graph.CompiledGraph
-    options:
-      show_if_no_docstring: true
-      show_root_heading: true
-      show_root_full_path: false
-      members:
-        - stream
-        - astream
-        - invoke
-        - ainvoke
-        - get_state
-        - aget_state
-        - get_state_history
-        - aget_state_history
-        - update_state
-        - aupdate_state
-        - bulk_update_state
-        - abulk_update_state
-        - get_graph
-        - aget_graph
-        - get_subgraphs
-        - aget_subgraphs
-        - with_config
-
 ::: langgraph.graph.message
     options:
       members:

docs/docs/reference/index.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Welcome to the LangGraph reference docs! These pages detail the core interfaces
 
 ## LangGraph
 
-The core APIs for the LangGraph opens source library.
+The core APIs for the LangGraph open source library.
 
 - [Graphs](graphs.md): Main graph abstraction and usage.
 - [Functional API](func.md): Functional programming interface for graphs.

docs/docs/reference/pregel.md

@@ -1,5 +1,21 @@
 # Pregel
 
+::: langgraph.pregel.NodeBuilder
+    options:
+      show_if_no_docstring: true
+      show_root_heading: true
+      show_root_full_path: false
+      members:
+        - subscribe_only
+        - subscribe_to
+        - read_from
+        - do
+        - write_to
+        - meta
+        - retry
+        - cache
+        - build
+
 ::: langgraph.pregel.Pregel
     options:
       show_if_no_docstring: true

docs/docs/tutorials/chatbot-simulation-evaluation/langsmith-agent-simulation-evaluation.ipynb

@@ -580,9 +580,7 @@
     "    ]\n",
     ")\n",
     "\n",
-    "evaluator = prompt | ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-turbo-preview\").with_structured_output(\n",
-    "    RedTeamingResult, method=\"function_calling\"\n",
-    ")\n",
+    "evaluator = prompt | ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\").with_structured_output(RedTeamingResult)\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "def did_resist(run, example):\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/customer-support/customer-support.ipynb

@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@
     "@tool\n",
     "def book_excursion(recommendation_id: int) -> str:\n",
     "    \"\"\"\n",
-    "    Book a excursion by its recommendation ID.\n",
+    "    Book an excursion by its recommendation ID.\n",
     "\n",
     "    Args:\n",
     "        recommendation_id (int): The ID of the trip recommendation to book.\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/extraction/retries.ipynb

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 2,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "baf669a0-04ee-492d-80d8-8fcb658ed128",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@
     "\n",
     "    builder.add_edge(\"finalizer\", END)\n",
     "\n",
-    "    # These functions let the step be used in a MessageGraph\n",
-    "    # or a StateGraph with 'messages' as the key.\n",
+    "    # These functions let the step be used in a\n",
+    "    # StateGraph with 'messages' as the key.\n",
     "    def encode(x: Union[Sequence[AnyMessage], PromptValue]) -> dict:\n",
     "        \"\"\"Ensure the input is the correct format.\"\"\"\n",
     "        if isinstance(x, PromptValue):\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/1-build-basic-chatbot.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Build a basic chatbot
 
-In this tutorial, you will build a basic chatbot. This chatbot is the basis for the following series of tutorials where you will progressively add more sophisticated capabilities, and be introduced to key LangGraph concepts along the way. Let’s dive in! 🌟
+In this tutorial, you will build a basic chatbot. This chatbot is the basis for the following series of tutorials where you will progressively add more sophisticated capabilities, and be introduced to key LangGraph concepts along the way. Let's dive in! 🌟
 
 ## Prerequisites
 
@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@ tool-calling features, such as [OpenAI](https://platform.openai.com/api-keys),
 
 Install the required packages:
 
+:::python
 ```bash
 pip install -U langgraph langsmith
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```bash
+npm install @langchain/langgraph @langchain/core langsmith
+```
+:::
 
 !!! tip
 
@@ -27,12 +35,13 @@ Now you can create a basic chatbot using LangGraph. This chatbot will respond di
 
 Start by creating a `StateGraph`. A `StateGraph` object defines the structure of our chatbot as a "state machine". We'll add `nodes` to represent the llm and functions our chatbot can call and `edges` to specify how the bot should transition between these functions.
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from typing import Annotated
 
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
-from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START, END
 from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages
 
 
@@ -45,24 +54,53 @@ class State(TypedDict):
 
 graph_builder = StateGraph(State)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  // Messages have the type "BaseMessage[]". The messagesStateReducer function
+  // defines how this state key should be updated
+  // (in this case, it appends messages to the list, rather than overwriting them)
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+});
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+```
+:::
 
 Our graph can now handle two key tasks:
 
 1. Each `node` can receive the current `State` as input and output an update to the state.
-2. Updates to `messages` will be appended to the existing list rather than overwriting it, thanks to the prebuilt [`add_messages`](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/?h=add+messages#add_messages) function used with the `Annotated` syntax.
+2. Updates to `messages` will be appended to the existing list rather than overwriting it, thanks to the prebuilt function used with the annotation.
 
 ------
 
 !!! tip "Concept"
 
-    When defining a graph, the first step is to define its `State`. The `State` includes the graph's schema and [reducer functions](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/low_level/#reducers) that handle state updates. In our example, `State` is a `TypedDict` with one key: `messages`. The [`add_messages`](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.message.add_messages) reducer function is used to append new messages to the list instead of overwriting it. Keys without a reducer annotation will overwrite previous values. To learn more about state, reducers, and related concepts, see [LangGraph reference docs](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.message.add_messages).
+    When defining a graph, the first step is to define its `State`. The `State` includes the graph's schema and [reducer functions](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/low_level/#reducers) that handle state updates. Keys without a reducer annotation will overwrite previous values. To learn more about state, reducers, and related concepts, see [LangGraph reference docs](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.message.add_messages).
+
+    :::python
+    In our example, `State` is a `TypedDict` with one key: `messages`. The [`add_messages`](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/graphs/#langgraph.graph.message.add_messages) reducer function is used to append new messages to the list instead of overwriting it.
+    :::
+
+    :::js
+    In our example, `StateAnnotation` defines a state with one key: `messages`. The reducer function is used to append new messages to the list instead of overwriting it.
+    :::
 
 ## 3. Add a node
 
-Next, add a "`chatbot`" node. **Nodes** represent units of work and are typically regular Python functions.
+Next, add a "`chatbot`" node. **Nodes** represent units of work and are typically regular functions.
 
 Let's first select a chat model:
 
+:::python
 {!snippets/chat_model_tabs.md!}
 
 <!---
@@ -72,10 +110,21 @@ from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 llm = init_chat_model("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
 ```
 -->
+:::
 
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({
+  model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
+});
+```
+:::
 
 We can now incorporate the chat model into a simple node:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 
 def chatbot(state: State):
@@ -87,32 +136,87 @@ def chatbot(state: State):
 # the node is used.
 graph_builder.add_node("chatbot", chatbot)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  return { messages: [await llm.invoke(state.messages)] };
+};
+
+// The first argument is the unique node name
+// The second argument is the function or object that will be called whenever
+// the node is used.
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+```
+:::
 
 **Notice** how the `chatbot` node function takes the current `State` as input and returns a dictionary containing an updated `messages` list under the key "messages". This is the basic pattern for all LangGraph node functions.
 
+:::python
 The `add_messages` function in our `State` will append the LLM's response messages to whatever messages are already in the state.
+:::
+
+:::js
+The reducer function in our `StateAnnotation` will append the LLM's response messages to whatever messages are already in the state.
+:::
 
 ## 4. Add an `entry` point
 
 Add an `entry` point to tell the graph **where to start its work** each time it is run:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 ```
+:::
 
-## 5. Compile the graph
+:::js
+```typescript
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+```
+:::
+
+## 5. Add an `exit` point
+
+Add an `exit` point to indicate **where the graph should finish execution**. This is helpful for more complex flows, but even in a simple graph like this, adding an end node improves clarity.
+
+:::python
+```python
+graph_builder.add_edge("chatbot", END)
+```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+graphBuilder.addEdge("chatbot", END);
+```
+:::
+
+This tells the graph to terminate after running the chatbot node.
+
+## 6. Compile the graph
 
 Before running the graph, we'll need to compile it. We can do so by calling `compile()`
 on the graph builder. This creates a `CompiledGraph` we can invoke on our state.
 
+:::python
 ```python
 graph = graph_builder.compile()
 ```
+:::
 
-## 6. Visualize the graph (optional)
+:::js
+```typescript
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile();
+```
+:::
+
+## 7. Visualize the graph (optional)
 
 You can visualize the graph using the `get_graph` method and one of the "draw" methods, like `draw_ascii` or `draw_png`. The `draw` methods each require additional dependencies.
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from IPython.display import Image, display
 
@@ -122,14 +226,31 @@ except Exception:
     # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
     pass
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import * as tslab from "tslab";
+
+try {
+  const drawableGraph = graph.getGraph();
+  const image = await drawableGraph.drawMermaidPng();
+  const arrayBuffer = await image.arrayBuffer();
+  await tslab.display.png(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
+} catch (error) {
+  // This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
+  console.log("Graph visualization not available");
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ![basic chatbot diagram](basic-chatbot.png)
 
-
-## 7. Run the chatbot
+## 8. Run the chatbot
 
 Now run the chatbot! 
 
+:::python
 !!! tip
 
     You can exit the chat loop at any time by typing `quit`, `exit`, or `q`.
@@ -160,18 +281,48 @@ while True:
 Assistant: LangGraph is a library designed to help build stateful multi-agent applications using language models. It provides tools for creating workflows and state machines to coordinate multiple AI agents or language model interactions. LangGraph is built on top of LangChain, leveraging its components while adding graph-based coordination capabilities. It's particularly useful for developing more complex, stateful AI applications that go beyond simple query-response interactions.
 Goodbye!
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { HumanMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+async function streamGraphUpdates(userInput: string) {
+  const stream = await graph.stream({
+    messages: [new HumanMessage(userInput)]
+  });
+  
+  for await (const event of stream) {
+    for (const value of Object.values(event)) {
+      console.log("Assistant:", value.messages[value.messages.length - 1].content);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Example usage
+const userInput = "What do you know about LangGraph?";
+console.log("User:", userInput);
+await streamGraphUpdates(userInput);
+```
+
+```
+User: What do you know about LangGraph?
+Assistant: LangGraph is a library designed to help build stateful multi-agent applications using language models. It provides tools for creating workflows and state machines to coordinate multiple AI agents or language model interactions. LangGraph is built on top of LangChain, leveraging its components while adding graph-based coordination capabilities. It's particularly useful for developing more complex, stateful AI applications that go beyond simple query-response interactions.
+```
+:::
 
 **Congratulations!** You've built your first chatbot using LangGraph. This bot can engage in basic conversation by taking user input and generating responses using an LLM. You can inspect a [LangSmith Trace](https://smith.langchain.com/public/7527e308-9502-4894-b347-f34385740d5a/r) for the call above.
 
 Below is the full code for this tutorial:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from typing import Annotated
 
 from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
-from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, START, END
 from langgraph.graph.message import add_messages
 
 
@@ -194,11 +345,44 @@ def chatbot(state: State):
 # the node is used.
 graph_builder.add_node("chatbot", chatbot)
 graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
+graph_builder.add_edge("chatbot", END)
 graph = graph_builder.compile()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { BaseMessage, HumanMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+});
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({
+  model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
+});
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  return { messages: [await llm.invoke(state.messages)] };
+};
+
+// The first argument is the unique node name
+// The second argument is the function or object that will be called whenever
+// the node is used.
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge("chatbot", END);
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile();
+```
+:::
 
 ## Next steps
 
-You may have noticed that the bot's knowledge is limited to what's in its training data. In the next part, we'll [add a web search tool](./2-add-tools.md) to expand the bot's knowledge and make it more capable.
-
-
+You may have noticed that the bot's knowledge is limited to what's in its training data. In the next part, we'll [add a web search tool](./2-add-tools.md) to expand the bot's knowledge and make it more capable.

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/2-add-tools.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Add tools
 
-To handle queries you chatbot can't answer "from memory", integrate a web search tool. The chatbot can use this tool to find relevant information and provide better responses.
+To handle queries that your chatbot can't answer "from memory", integrate a web search tool. The chatbot can use this tool to find relevant information and provide better responses.
 
 !!! note
 
@@ -8,19 +8,39 @@ To handle queries you chatbot can't answer "from memory", integrate a web search
 
 ## Prerequisites
 
+:::python
 Before you start this tutorial, ensure you have the following:
 
 - An API key for the [Tavily Search Engine](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/tavily_search/).
+:::
+
+:::js
+Before you start this tutorial, ensure you have the following:
+
+- An API key for the [Tavily Search Engine](https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/tavily_search/).
+:::
 
 ## 1. Install the search engine
 
+:::python
 Install the requirements to use the [Tavily Search Engine](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/tavily_search/):
 
 ```bash
 pip install -U langchain-tavily
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Install the requirements to use the [Tavily Search Engine](https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/tools/tavily_search/):
+
+```bash
+npm install @langchain/community
+```
+:::
+
 ## 2. Configure your environment
 
+:::python
 Configure your environment with your search engine API key:
 
 ```bash
@@ -30,11 +50,21 @@ _set_env("TAVILY_API_KEY")
 ```
 TAVILY_API_KEY:  ········
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Configure your environment with your search engine API key:
+
+```typescript
+process.env.TAVILY_API_KEY = "tvly-...";
+```
+:::
 
 ## 3. Define the tool
 
 Define the web search tool:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from langchain_tavily import TavilySearch
 
@@ -42,9 +72,21 @@ tool = TavilySearch(max_results=2)
 tools = [tool]
 tool.invoke("What's a 'node' in LangGraph?")
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+
+const tool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [tool];
+await tool.invoke("What's a 'node' in LangGraph?");
+```
+:::
 
 The results are page summaries our chat bot can use to answer questions:
 
+:::python
 ```
 {'query': "What's a 'node' in LangGraph?",
 'follow_up_questions': None,
@@ -62,9 +104,17 @@ The results are page summaries our chat bot can use to answer questions:
 'raw_content': None}],
 'response_time': 1.38}
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```
+'[{"title":"Introduction to LangGraph: A Beginner\'s Guide - Medium","url":"https://medium.com/@cplog/introduction-to-langgraph-a-beginners-guide-14f9be027141","content":"Stateful Graph: LangGraph revolves around the concept of a stateful graph, where each node in the graph represents a step in your computation, and the graph maintains a state that is passed around and updated as the computation progresses. LangGraph supports conditional edges, allowing you to dynamically determine the next node to execute based on the current state of the graph. We define nodes for classifying the input, handling greetings, and handling search queries. def classify_input_node(state): LangGraph is a versatile tool for building complex, stateful applications with LLMs. By understanding its core concepts and working through simple examples, beginners can start to leverage its power for their projects. Remember to pay attention to state management, conditional edges, and ensuring there are no dead-end nodes in your graph.","score":0.7065353,"raw_content":null},{"title":"LangGraph Tutorial: What Is LangGraph and How to Use It?","url":"https://www.datacamp.com/tutorial/langgraph-tutorial","content":"LangGraph is a library within the LangChain ecosystem that provides a framework for defining, coordinating, and executing multiple LLM agents (or chains) in a structured and efficient manner. By managing the flow of data and the sequence of operations, LangGraph allows developers to focus on the high-level logic of their applications rather than the intricacies of agent coordination. Whether you need a chatbot that can handle various types of user requests or a multi-agent system that performs complex tasks, LangGraph provides the tools to build exactly what you need. LangGraph significantly simplifies the development of complex LLM applications by providing a structured framework for managing state and coordinating agent interactions.","score":0.5008063,"raw_content":null}]'
+```
+:::
 
 ## 4. Define the graph
 
+:::python
 For the `StateGraph` you created in the [first tutorial](./1-build-basic-chatbot.md), add `bind_tools` on the LLM. This lets the LLM know the correct JSON format to use if it wants to use the search engine.
 
 Let's first select our LLM:
@@ -103,9 +153,52 @@ def chatbot(state: State):
 
 graph_builder.add_node("chatbot", chatbot)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+For the `StateGraph` you created in the [first tutorial](./1-build-basic-chatbot.md), add `bindTools` on the LLM. This lets the LLM know the correct JSON format to use if it wants to use the search engine.
+
+Let's first select our LLM:
+
+```typescript
+import { ChatOpenAI } from "@langchain/openai";
+
+const llm = new ChatOpenAI({
+  model: "gpt-4o",
+  temperature: 0,
+});
+```
+
+We can now incorporate it into a `StateGraph`:
+
+```typescript hl_lines="15"
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+});
+
+import { StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+
+// Modification: tell the LLM which tools it can call
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  return { messages: [await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages)] };
+};
+
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+```
+:::
 
 ## 5. Create a function to run the tools
 
+:::python
 Now, create a function to run the tools if they are called. Do this by adding the tools to a new node called`BasicToolNode` that checks the most recent message in the state and calls tools if the message contains `tool_calls`. It relies on the LLM's `tool_calling` support, which is available in Anthropic, OpenAI, Google Gemini, and a number of other LLM providers.
 
 ```python
@@ -143,6 +236,50 @@ class BasicToolNode:
 tool_node = BasicToolNode(tools=[tool])
 graph_builder.add_node("tools", tool_node)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Now, create a function to run the tools if they are called. Do this by adding the tools to a new node called `BasicToolNode` that checks the most recent message in the state and calls tools if the message contains `tool_calls`. It relies on the LLM's `tool_calling` support, which is available in Anthropic, OpenAI, Google Gemini, and a number of other LLM providers.
+
+```typescript
+import { ToolMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+class BasicToolNode {
+  private toolsByName: Record<string, any>;
+
+  constructor(tools: any[]) {
+    this.toolsByName = {};
+    for (const tool of tools) {
+      this.toolsByName[tool.name] = tool;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async __call__(inputs: Record<string, any>): Promise<{ messages: ToolMessage[] }> {
+    const messages = inputs.messages || [];
+    if (messages.length === 0) {
+      throw new Error("No message found in input");
+    }
+    const message = messages[messages.length - 1];
+    const outputs: ToolMessage[] = [];
+    
+    for (const toolCall of message.tool_calls || []) {
+      const toolResult = await this.toolsByName[toolCall.name].invoke(toolCall.args);
+      outputs.push(
+        new ToolMessage({
+          content: JSON.stringify(toolResult),
+          name: toolCall.name,
+          tool_call_id: toolCall.id,
+        })
+      );
+    }
+    return { messages: outputs };
+  }
+}
+
+const toolNode = new BasicToolNode([tool]);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", async (state) => toolNode.__call__(state));
+```
+:::
 
 !!! note
 
@@ -154,6 +291,7 @@ With the tool node added, now you can define the `conditional_edges`.
 
 **Edges** route the control flow from one node to the next. **Conditional edges** start from a single node and usually contain "if" statements to route to different nodes depending on the current graph state. These functions receive the current graph `state` and return a string or list of strings indicating which node(s) to call next.
 
+:::python
 Next, define a router function called `route_tools` that checks for `tool_calls` in the chatbot's output. Provide this function to the graph by calling `add_conditional_edges`, which tells the graph that whenever the `chatbot` node completes to check this function to see where to go next. 
 
 The condition will route to `tools` if tool calls are present and `END` if not. Because the condition can return `END`, you do not need to explicitly set a `finish_point` this time.
@@ -194,6 +332,51 @@ graph_builder.add_edge("tools", "chatbot")
 graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 graph = graph_builder.compile()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Next, define a router function called `routeTools` that checks for `tool_calls` in the chatbot's output. Provide this function to the graph by calling `addConditionalEdges`, which tells the graph that whenever the `chatbot` node completes to check this function to see where to go next.
+
+The condition will route to `tools` if tool calls are present and `END` if not. Because the condition can return `END`, you do not need to explicitly set a `finish_point` this time.
+
+```typescript
+import { AIMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+const routeTools = (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  /**
+   * Use in the conditional_edge to route to the ToolNode if the last message
+   * has tool calls. Otherwise, route to the end.
+   */
+  const messages = state.messages;
+  const lastMessage = messages[messages.length - 1] as AIMessage;
+  
+  if (lastMessage.tool_calls && lastMessage.tool_calls.length > 0) {
+    return "tools";
+  }
+  return END;
+};
+
+// The `routeTools` function returns "tools" if the chatbot asks to use a tool, and "END" if
+// it is fine directly responding. This conditional routing defines the main agent loop.
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges(
+  "chatbot",
+  routeTools,
+  // The following dictionary lets you tell the graph to interpret the condition's outputs as a specific node
+  // It defaults to the identity function, but if you
+  // want to use a node named something else apart from "tools",
+  // You can update the value of the dictionary to something else
+  // e.g., "tools": "my_tools"
+  {
+    tools: "tools",
+    [END]: END,
+  }
+);
+// Any time a tool is called, we return to the chatbot to decide the next step
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile();
+```
+:::
 
 !!! note
 
@@ -201,6 +384,7 @@ graph = graph_builder.compile()
 
 ## 7. Visualize the graph (optional)
 
+:::python
 You can visualize the graph using the `get_graph` method and one of the "draw" methods, like `draw_ascii` or `draw_png`. The `draw` methods each require additional dependencies.
 
 ```python
@@ -212,6 +396,26 @@ except Exception:
     # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
     pass
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+You can visualize the graph using the `getGraph` method and one of the "draw" methods, like `drawAscii` or `drawMermaidPng`. The `draw` methods each require additional dependencies.
+
+```typescript
+import * as tslab from "tslab";
+
+try {
+  const representation = graph.getGraph();
+  const image = await representation.drawMermaidPng();
+  const arrayBuffer = await image.arrayBuffer();
+  
+  await tslab.display.png(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
+} catch (error) {
+  // This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
+  console.log("Graph visualization not available");
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ![chatbot-with-tools-diagram](chatbot-with-tools.png)
 
@@ -219,6 +423,7 @@ except Exception:
 
 Now you can ask the chatbot questions outside its training data:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 def stream_graph_updates(user_input: str):
     for event in graph.stream({"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": user_input}]}):
@@ -274,11 +479,71 @@ LangGraph appears to be a significant tool in the evolving landscape of LLM-base
 Goodbye!
 Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { HumanMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+const streamGraphUpdates = async (userInput: string) => {
+  const stream = await graph.stream(
+    { messages: [new HumanMessage(userInput)] },
+    { streamMode: "values" }
+  );
+  
+  for await (const event of stream) {
+    const messages = event.messages;
+    const lastMessage = messages[messages.length - 1];
+    console.log("Assistant:", lastMessage.content);
+  }
+};
+
+// Example usage
+const userInput = "What do you know about LangGraph?";
+console.log("User:", userInput);
+await streamGraphUpdates(userInput);
+```
+
+```
+Assistant: I'll search for information about LangGraph to provide you with accurate details.
+Assistant: [{"title": "Introduction to LangGraph: A Beginner's Guide - Medium", "url": "https://medium.com/@cplog/introduction-to-langgraph-a-beginners-guide-14f9be027141", "content": "Stateful Graph: LangGraph revolves around the concept of a stateful graph, where each node in the graph represents a step in your computation, and the graph maintains a state that is passed around and updated as the computation progresses. LangGraph supports conditional edges, allowing you to dynamically determine the next node to execute based on the current state of the graph. We define nodes for classifying the input, handling greetings, and handling search queries. def classify_input_node(state): LangGraph is a versatile tool for building complex, stateful applications with LLMs. By understanding its core concepts and working through simple examples, beginners can start to leverage its power for their projects. Remember to pay attention to state management, conditional edges, and ensuring there are no dead-end nodes in your graph.", "score": 0.7065353, "raw_content": null}, {"title": "LangGraph Tutorial: What Is LangGraph and How to Use It?", "url": "https://www.datacamp.com/tutorial/langgraph-tutorial", "content": "LangGraph is a library within the LangChain ecosystem that provides a framework for defining, coordinating, and executing multiple LLM agents or chains in a structured and efficient manner. By managing the flow of data and the sequence of operations, LangGraph allows developers to focus on the high-level logic of their applications rather than the intricacies of agent coordination. Whether you need a chatbot that can handle various types of user requests or a multi-agent system that performs complex tasks, LangGraph provides the tools to build exactly what you need. LangGraph significantly simplifies the development of complex LLM applications by providing a structured framework for managing state and coordinating agent interactions.", "score": 0.5008063, "raw_content": null}]
+Assistant: Based on the search results, I can provide you with comprehensive information about LangGraph:
+
+## What is LangGraph?
+
+LangGraph is a library within the LangChain ecosystem designed for building stateful, multi-actor applications with Large Language Models (LLMs). It provides a framework for defining, coordinating, and executing multiple LLM agents or chains in a structured and efficient manner.
+
+## Key Features:
+
+1. **Stateful Graph Architecture**: LangGraph revolves around the concept of a stateful graph where each node represents a step in your computation, and the graph maintains state that is passed around and updated as the computation progresses.
+
+2. **Conditional Edges**: It supports conditional edges, allowing you to dynamically determine the next node to execute based on the current state of the graph.
+
+3. **Multi-Agent Coordination**: LangGraph manages the flow of data and sequence of operations, allowing developers to focus on high-level logic rather than the intricacies of agent coordination.
+
+## Use Cases:
+
+- Building conversational agents
+- Creating chatbots that can handle various types of user requests
+- Developing multi-agent systems that perform complex tasks
+- Complex task automation
+- Custom LLM-backed experiences
+
+## Benefits:
+
+- **Simplified Development**: LangGraph significantly simplifies the development of complex LLM applications by providing a structured framework for managing state and coordinating agent interactions.
+- **Flexibility**: It's a versatile tool for building complex, stateful applications with LLMs.
+- **Focus on Logic**: Developers can focus on the high-level logic of their applications rather than coordination details.
+
+LangGraph is particularly valuable for projects that require sophisticated AI workflows with multiple steps, decision points, and state management across different components.
+```
+:::
 
 ## 9. Use prebuilts
 
 For ease of use, adjust your code to replace the following with LangGraph prebuilt components. These have built in functionality like parallel API execution.
 
+:::python
 - `BasicToolNode` is replaced with the prebuilt [ToolNode](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/prebuilt/#toolnode)
 - `route_tools` is replaced with the prebuilt [tools_condition](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/prebuilt/#tools_condition)
 
@@ -322,9 +587,56 @@ graph_builder.add_edge("tools", "chatbot")
 graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 graph = graph_builder.compile()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+- `BasicToolNode` is replaced with the prebuilt [ToolNode](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/prebuilt/#toolnode)
+- `routeTools` is replaced with the prebuilt [tools_condition](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/reference/prebuilt/#tools_condition)
+
+```typescript hl_lines="25 30"
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { ChatOpenAI } from "@langchain/openai";
+
+import { StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode, toolsCondition } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+});
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+
+const tool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [tool];
+const llm = new ChatOpenAI({ model: "gpt-4o", temperature: 0 });
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  return { messages: [await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages)] };
+};
+
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges(
+  "chatbot",
+  toolsCondition,
+);
+// Any time a tool is called, we return to the chatbot to decide the next step
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile();
+```
+:::
 
 **Congratulations!** You've created a conversational agent in LangGraph that can use a search engine to retrieve updated information when needed. Now it can handle a wider range of user queries. To inspect all the steps your agent just took, check out this [LangSmith trace](https://smith.langchain.com/public/4fbd7636-25af-4638-9587-5a02fdbb0172/r).
 
 ## Next steps
 
-The chatbot cannot remember past interactions on its own, which limits its ability to have coherent, multi-turn conversations. In the next part, you will [add **memory**](./3-add-memory.md) to address this.
+The chatbot cannot remember past interactions on its own, which limits its ability to have coherent, multi-turn conversations. In the next part, you will [add **memory**](./3-add-memory.md) to address this.

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/3-add-memory.md

@@ -14,11 +14,21 @@ We will see later that **checkpointing** is _much_ more powerful than simple cha
 
 Create a `MemorySaver` checkpointer:
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
 
 memory = MemorySaver()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { MemorySaver } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+```
+:::
 
 This is in-memory checkpointer, which is convenient for the tutorial. However, in a production application, you would likely change this to use `SqliteSaver` or `PostgresSaver` and connect a database.
 
@@ -26,6 +36,7 @@ This is in-memory checkpointer, which is convenient for the tutorial. However, i
 
 Compile the graph with the provided checkpointer, which will checkpoint the `State` as the graph works through each node:
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
@@ -39,6 +50,27 @@ except Exception:
     # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
     pass
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+
+```typescript
+import * as tslab from "tslab";
+
+try {
+    const representation = graph.getGraph();
+    const image = await representation.drawMermaidPng();
+    const arrayBuffer = await image.arrayBuffer();
+    
+    await tslab.display.png(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
+} catch (e) {
+    // This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ## 3. Interact with your chatbot
 
@@ -46,12 +78,21 @@ Now you can interact with your bot!
 
 1. Pick a thread to use as the key for this conversation.
 
+    :::python
     ```python
     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
     ```
+    :::
+
+    :::js
+    ```typescript
+    const config = { configurable: { thread_id: "1" } };
+    ```
+    :::
 
 2. Call your chatbot:
 
+    :::python
     ```python
     user_input = "Hi there! My name is Will."
 
@@ -64,6 +105,24 @@ Now you can interact with your bot!
     for event in events:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
     ```
+    :::
+
+    :::js
+    ```typescript
+    const userInput = "Hi there! My name is Will.";
+
+    // The config is the **second positional argument** to stream() or invoke()!
+    const events = await graph.stream(
+        { messages: [{ role: "user", content: userInput }] },
+        { ...config, streamMode: "values" }
+    );
+    
+    for await (const event of events) {
+        const messages = event.messages;
+        console.log(messages[messages.length - 1]);
+    }
+    ```
+    :::
 
     ```
     ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -74,14 +133,23 @@ Now you can interact with your bot!
     Hello Will! It's nice to meet you. How can I assist you today? Is there anything specific you'd like to know or discuss?
     ```
 
+    :::python
     !!! note 
 
         The config was provided as the **second positional argument** when calling our graph. It importantly is _not_ nested within the graph inputs (`{'messages': []}`).
+    :::
+
+    :::js
+    !!! note 
+
+        The config was provided as the **second positional argument** when calling our graph. It importantly is _not_ nested within the graph inputs (`{ messages: [] }`).
+    :::
 
 ## 4. Ask a follow up question
 
 Ask a follow up question:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 user_input = "Remember my name?"
 
@@ -94,6 +162,24 @@ events = graph.stream(
 for event in events:
     event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const userInput2 = "Remember my name?";
+
+// The config is the **second positional argument** to stream() or invoke()!
+const events2 = await graph.stream(
+    { messages: [{ role: "user", content: userInput2 }] },
+    { ...config, streamMode: "values" }
+);
+
+for await (const event of events2) {
+    const messages = event.messages;
+    console.log(messages[messages.length - 1]);
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -108,6 +194,7 @@ Of course, I remember your name, Will. I always try to pay attention to importan
 
 Don't believe me? Try this using a different config.
 
+:::python
 ```python
 # The only difference is we change the `thread_id` here to "2" instead of "1"
 events = graph.stream(
@@ -119,6 +206,23 @@ events = graph.stream(
 for event in events:
     event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+// The only difference is we change the `thread_id` here to "2" instead of "1"
+const events3 = await graph.stream(
+    { messages: [{ role: "user", content: userInput2 }] },
+    // highlight-next-line
+    { configurable: { thread_id: "2" }, streamMode: "values" }
+);
+
+for await (const event of events3) {
+    const messages = event.messages;
+    console.log(messages[messages.length - 1]);
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -133,8 +237,15 @@ I apologize, but I don't have any previous context or memory of your name. As an
 
 ## 5. Inspect the state
 
+:::python
 By now, we have made a few checkpoints across two different threads. But what goes into a checkpoint? To inspect a graph's `state` for a given config at any time, call `get_state(config)`.
+:::
 
+:::js
+By now, we have made a few checkpoints across two different threads. But what goes into a checkpoint? To inspect a graph's `state` for a given config at any time, call `getState(config)`.
+:::
+
+:::python
 ```python
 snapshot = graph.get_state(config)
 snapshot
@@ -147,6 +258,75 @@ StateSnapshot(values={'messages': [HumanMessage(content='Hi there! My name is Wi
 ```
 snapshot.next  # (since the graph ended this turn, `next` is empty. If you fetch a state from within a graph invocation, next tells which node will execute next)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const snapshot = await graph.getState(config);
+console.log(snapshot);
+```
+
+```
+StateSnapshot {
+  values: {
+    messages: [
+      HumanMessage {
+        content: 'Hi there! My name is Will.',
+        id: '8c1ca919-c553-4ebf-95d4-b59a2d61e078'
+      },
+      AIMessage {
+        content: "Hello Will! It's nice to meet you. How can I assist you today? Is there anything specific you'd like to know or discuss?",
+        id: 'run-58587b77-8c82-41e6-8a90-d62c444a261d-0'
+      },
+      HumanMessage {
+        content: 'Remember my name?',
+        id: 'daba7df6-ad75-4d6b-8057-745881cea1ca'
+      },
+      AIMessage {
+        content: "Of course, I remember your name, Will. I always try to pay attention to important details that users share with me. Is there anything else you'd like to talk about or any questions you have? I'm here to help with a wide range of topics or tasks.",
+        id: 'run-ffeaae5c-4d2d-4ddb-bd59-5d5cbf2a5af8-0'
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  next: [],
+  config: {
+    configurable: {
+      thread_id: '1',
+      checkpoint_ns: '',
+      checkpoint_id: '1ef7d06e-93e0-6acc-8004-f2ac846575d2'
+    }
+  },
+  metadata: {
+    source: 'loop',
+    writes: {
+      chatbot: {
+        messages: [
+          AIMessage {
+            content: "Of course, I remember your name, Will. I always try to pay attention to important details that users share with me. Is there anything else you'd like to talk about or any questions you have? I'm here to help with a wide range of topics or tasks.",
+            id: 'run-ffeaae5c-4d2d-4ddb-bd59-5d5cbf2a5af8-0'
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    step: 4,
+    parents: {}
+  },
+  createdAt: '2024-09-27T19:30:10.820758+00:00',
+  parentConfig: {
+    configurable: {
+      thread_id: '1',
+      checkpoint_ns: '',
+      checkpoint_id: '1ef7d06e-859f-6206-8003-e1bd3c264b8f'
+    }
+  },
+  tasks: []
+}
+```
+
+```typescript
+console.log(snapshot.next);  // (since the graph ended this turn, `next` is empty. If you fetch a state from within a graph invocation, next tells which node will execute next)
+```
+:::
 
 The snapshot above contains the current state values, corresponding config, and the `next` node to process. In our case, the graph has reached an `END` state, so `next` is empty.
 
@@ -157,14 +337,25 @@ Check out the code snippet below to review the graph from this tutorial:
 {!snippets/chat_model_tabs.md!}
 
 <!---
+:::python
 ```python
 from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 
 llm = init_chat_model("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { ChatOpenAI } from "@langchain/openai";
+
+const llm = new ChatOpenAI({ model: "gpt-4" });
+```
+:::
 -->
 
-```python
+:::python
+```python hl_lines="36 37"
 from typing import Annotated
 
 from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
@@ -203,6 +394,50 @@ graph_builder.set_entry_point("chatbot")
 memory = MemorySaver()
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript hl_lines="36 37"
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ChatOpenAI } from "@langchain/openai";
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { MemorySaver, StateGraph } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode, toolsCondition } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+    messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+        reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+    }),
+});
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+
+const tool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [tool];
+const llm = new ChatOpenAI({ model: "gpt-4" });
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+function chatbot(state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) {
+    return { messages: [llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages)] };
+}
+
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges(
+    "chatbot",
+    toolsCondition,
+);
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge("__start__", "chatbot");
+
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+:::
 
 ## Next steps
 

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/4-human-in-the-loop.md

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ Starting with the existing code from the [Add memory to the chatbot](./3-add-mem
 
 Let's first select a chat model:
 
+:::python
 {!snippets/chat_model_tabs.md!}
 
 <!---
@@ -23,9 +24,21 @@ from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 llm = init_chat_model("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
 ```
 -->
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({
+  model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
+});
+```
+:::
 
 We can now incorporate it into our `StateGraph` with an additional tool:
 
+:::python
 ``` python hl_lines="12 19 20 21 22 23"
 from typing import Annotated
 
@@ -75,6 +88,60 @@ graph_builder.add_conditional_edges(
 graph_builder.add_edge("tools", "chatbot")
 graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript hl_lines="12 19 20 21 22 23"
+import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { MemorySaver } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { StateGraph, START, END, MessagesAnnotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode, toolsCondition } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+
+import { interrupt, Command } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const humanAssistance = tool(async ({ query }) => {
+  const humanResponse = interrupt({ query });
+  return humanResponse.data;
+}, {
+  name: "human_assistance",
+  description: "Request assistance from a human.",
+  schema: z.object({
+    query: z.string().describe("Human readable question for the human")
+  })
+});
+
+const searchTool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [searchTool, humanAssistance];
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof MessagesAnnotation.State) => {
+  const message = await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages);
+  // Because we will be interrupting during tool execution,
+  // we disable parallel tool calling to avoid repeating any
+  // tool invocations when we resume.
+  if (message.tool_calls && message.tool_calls.length > 1) {
+    throw new Error("Multiple tool calls not supported for this example");
+  }
+  return { messages: [message] };
+};
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(MessagesAnnotation)
+  .addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges(
+  "chatbot",
+  toolsCondition,
+);
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+```
+:::
 
 !!! tip
 
@@ -84,16 +151,27 @@ graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 
 We compile the graph with a checkpointer, as before:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 memory = MemorySaver()
 
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+:::
 
 ## 3. Visualize the graph (optional)
 
 Visualizing the graph, you get the same layout as before – just with the added tool!
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 from IPython.display import Image, display
 
@@ -103,6 +181,19 @@ except Exception:
     # This requires some extra dependencies and is optional
     pass
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import * as tslab from "tslab";
+
+const drawableGraph = graph.getGraph();
+const image = await drawableGraph.drawMermaidPng();
+const arrayBuffer = await image.arrayBuffer();
+
+await tslab.display.png(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
+```
+:::
 
 ![chatbot-with-tools-diagram](chatbot-with-tools.png)
 
@@ -110,6 +201,7 @@ except Exception:
 
 Now, prompt the chatbot with a question that will engage the new `human_assistance` tool:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 user_input = "I need some expert guidance for building an AI agent. Could you request assistance for me?"
 config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
@@ -137,9 +229,49 @@ Tool Calls:
   Args:
     query: A user is requesting expert guidance for building an AI agent. Could you please provide some expert advice or resources on this topic?
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const userInput = "I need some expert guidance for building an AI agent. Could you request assistance for me?";
+const config = { configurable: { thread_id: "1" }, streamMode: "values" as const };
+
+const events = graph.stream(
+  { messages: [{ role: "user", content: userInput }] },
+  config,
+);
+
+for await (const event of events) {
+  if (event.messages) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage.getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+    if (lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+      console.log("Tool Calls:");
+      lastMessage.tool_calls.forEach((call) => {
+        console.log(`  ${call.name} (${call.id})`);
+        console.log(`  Args: ${JSON.stringify(call.args)}`);
+      });
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```
+================================ Human Message =================================
+I need some expert guidance for building an AI agent. Could you request assistance for me?
+================================== Ai Message ==================================
+I'd be happy to request expert assistance for you regarding building an AI agent. Let me use the human assistance function to get you some expert guidance.
+
+Tool Calls:
+  human_assistance (toolu_01ABUqneqnuHNuo1vhfDFQCW)
+  Args: {"query":"A user is requesting expert guidance for building an AI agent. Could you please provide some expert advice or resources on this topic?"}
+```
+:::
 
 The chatbot generated a tool call, but then execution has been interrupted. If you inspect the graph state, you see that it stopped at the tools node:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 snapshot = graph.get_state(config)
 snapshot.next
@@ -148,7 +280,20 @@ snapshot.next
 ```
 ('tools',)
 ```
+:::
 
+:::js
+```typescript
+const snapshot = await graph.getState(config);
+console.log(snapshot.next);
+```
+
+```
+['tools']
+```
+:::
+
+:::python
 !!! info Additional information
 
     Take a closer look at the `human_assistance` tool:
@@ -162,11 +307,34 @@ snapshot.next
     ```
 
     Similar to Python's built-in `input()` function, calling `interrupt` inside the tool will pause execution. Progress is persisted based on the [checkpointer](../../concepts/persistence.md#checkpointer-libraries); so if it is persisting with Postgres, it can resume at any time as long as the database is alive. In this example, it is persisting with the in-memory checkpointer and can resume any time if the Python kernel is running.
+:::
+
+:::js
+!!! info Additional information
+
+    Take a closer look at the `human_assistance` tool:
+
+    ```typescript
+    const humanAssistance = tool(async ({ query }) => {
+      const humanResponse = interrupt({ query });
+      return humanResponse.data;
+    }, {
+      name: "human_assistance",
+      description: "Request assistance from a human.",
+      schema: z.object({
+        query: z.string().describe("Human readable question for the human")
+      })
+    });
+    ```
+
+    Similar to Python's built-in `input()` function, calling `interrupt` inside the tool will pause execution. Progress is persisted based on the [checkpointer](../../concepts/persistence.md#checkpointer-libraries); so if it is persisting with Postgres, it can resume at any time as long as the database is alive. In this example, it is persisting with the in-memory checkpointer and can resume any time if the JavaScript runtime is running.
+:::
 
 ## 5. Resume execution
 
 To resume execution, pass a [`Command`](../../concepts/low_level.md#command) object containing data expected by the tool. The format of this data can be customized based on needs. For this example, use a dict with a key `"data"`:
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 human_response = (
     "We, the experts are here to help! We'd recommend you check out LangGraph to build your agent."
@@ -214,6 +382,47 @@ LangGraph is likely a framework or library designed specifically for creating AI
 If you'd like more specific information about LangGraph or have any questions about this recommendation, please feel free to ask, and I can request further assistance from the experts.
 Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const humanResponse = 
+  "We, the experts are here to help! We'd recommend you check out LangGraph to build your agent." +
+  " It's much more reliable and extensible than simple autonomous agents.";
+
+const humanCommand = new Command({ resume: { data: humanResponse } });
+
+const resumeEvents = graph.stream(humanCommand, config);
+
+for await (const event of resumeEvents) {
+  if (event.messages) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage.getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```
+================================== Ai Message ==================================
+I'd be happy to request expert assistance for you regarding building an AI agent. Let me use the human assistance function to get you some expert guidance.
+================================= Tool Message =================================
+We, the experts are here to help! We'd recommend you check out LangGraph to build your agent. It's much more reliable and extensible than simple autonomous agents.
+================================== Ai Message ==================================
+Thank you for your patience. I've received some expert advice regarding your request for guidance on building an AI agent. Here's what the experts have suggested:
+
+The experts recommend that you look into LangGraph for building your AI agent. They mention that LangGraph is a more reliable and extensible option compared to simple autonomous agents.
+
+LangGraph is likely a framework or library designed specifically for creating AI agents with advanced capabilities. Here are a few points to consider based on this recommendation:
+
+1. Reliability: The experts emphasize that LangGraph is more reliable than simpler autonomous agent approaches. This could mean it has better stability, error handling, or consistent performance.
+
+2. Extensibility: LangGraph is described as more extensible, which suggests that it probably offers a flexible architecture that allows you to easily add new features or modify existing ones as your agent's requirements evolve.
+
+3. Advanced capabilities: Given that it's recommended over "simple autonomous agents," LangGraph likely provides more sophisticated tools and techniques for building complex AI agents.
+...
+```
+:::
 
 The input has been received and processed as a tool message. Review this call's [LangSmith trace](https://smith.langchain.com/public/9f0f87e3-56a7-4dde-9c76-b71675624e91/r) to see the exact work that was done in the above call. Notice that the state is loaded in the first step so that our chatbot can continue where it left off.
 
@@ -221,6 +430,7 @@ The input has been received and processed as a tool message. Review this call's
 
 Check out the code snippet below to review the graph from this tutorial:
 
+:::python
 {!snippets/chat_model_tabs.md!}
 
 ```python
@@ -271,6 +481,64 @@ graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 memory = MemorySaver()
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { z } from "zod";
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+
+import { MemorySaver } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { StateGraph, START, END, MessagesAnnotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode, toolsCondition } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+import { interrupt, Command } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({
+  model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
+});
+
+const humanAssistance = tool(async ({ query }) => {
+  const humanResponse = interrupt({ query });
+  return humanResponse.data;
+}, {
+  name: "human_assistance",
+  description: "Request assistance from a human.",
+  schema: z.object({
+    query: z.string().describe("Human readable question for the human")
+  })
+});
+
+const searchTool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [searchTool, humanAssistance];
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof MessagesAnnotation.State) => {
+  const message = await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages);
+  if (message.tool_calls && message.tool_calls.length > 1) {
+    throw new Error("Multiple tool calls not supported for this example");
+  }
+  return { messages: [message] };
+};
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(MessagesAnnotation)
+  .addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges(
+  "chatbot",
+  toolsCondition,
+);
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+:::
 
 ## Next steps
 

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/5-customize-state.md

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ In this tutorial, you will add additional fields to the state to define complex
 
 Update the chatbot to research the birthday of an entity by adding `name` and `birthday` keys to the state:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from typing import Annotated
 
@@ -25,11 +26,30 @@ class State(TypedDict):
     # highlight-next-line
     birthday: str
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+  // highlight-next-line
+  name: Annotation<string>,
+  // highlight-next-line
+  birthday: Annotation<string>,
+});
+```
+:::
 
 Adding this information to the state makes it easily accessible by other graph nodes (like a downstream node that stores or processes the information), as well as the graph's persistence layer.
 
 ## 2. Update the state inside the tool
 
+:::python
 Now, populate the state keys inside of the `human_assistance` tool. This allows a human to review the information before it is stored in the state. Use [`Command`](../../concepts/low_level.md#using-inside-tools) to issue a state update from inside the tool.
 
 ``` python
@@ -75,11 +95,73 @@ def human_assistance(
     # We return a Command object in the tool to update our state.
     return Command(update=state_update)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Now, populate the state keys inside of the `humanAssistance` tool. This allows a human to review the information before it is stored in the state. Use [`Command`](../../concepts/low_level.md#using-inside-tools) to issue a state update from inside the tool.
+
+```typescript
+import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
+import { ToolMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { z } from "zod";
+import { Command, interrupt } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const humanAssistance = tool(async (input, config) => {
+  const { name, birthday } = input;
+  // Note that because we are generating a ToolMessage for a state update, we
+  // generally require the ID of the corresponding tool call. We can access this
+  // from the tool's config when it's called by a model.
+  const toolCallId = config?.toolCall?.id;
+  
+  const humanResponse = interrupt({
+    question: "Is this correct?",
+    name: name,
+    birthday: birthday,
+  });
+  
+  let verifiedName, verifiedBirthday, response;
+  
+  // If the information is correct, update the state as-is.
+  if (humanResponse?.correct?.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
+    verifiedName = name;
+    verifiedBirthday = birthday;
+    response = "Correct";
+  } else {
+    // Otherwise, receive information from the human reviewer.
+    verifiedName = humanResponse?.name || name;
+    verifiedBirthday = humanResponse?.birthday || birthday;
+    response = `Made a correction: ${JSON.stringify(humanResponse)}`;
+  }
+  
+  // This time we explicitly update the state with a ToolMessage inside
+  // the tool.
+  const stateUpdate = {
+    name: verifiedName,
+    birthday: verifiedBirthday,
+    messages: [new ToolMessage({
+      content: response,
+      tool_call_id: toolCallId!
+    })],
+  };
+  
+  // We return a Command object in the tool to update our state.
+  return new Command({ update: stateUpdate });
+}, {
+  name: "humanAssistance",
+  description: "Request assistance from a human.",
+  schema: z.object({
+    name: z.string(),
+    birthday: z.string(),
+  }),
+});
+```
+:::
 
 The rest of the graph stays the same.
 
 ## 3. Prompt the chatbot
 
+:::python
 Prompt the chatbot to look up the "birthday" of the LangGraph library and direct the chatbot to reach out to the `human_assistance` tool once it has the required information. By setting `name` and `birthday` in the arguments for the tool, you force the chatbot to generate proposals for these fields.
 
 ```python
@@ -98,6 +180,30 @@ for event in events:
     if "messages" in event:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+Prompt the chatbot to look up the "birthday" of the LangGraph library and direct the chatbot to reach out to the `humanAssistance` tool once it has the required information. By setting `name` and `birthday` in the arguments for the tool, you force the chatbot to generate proposals for these fields.
+
+```typescript
+const userInput = "Can you look up when LangGraph was released? " +
+  "When you have the answer, use the humanAssistance tool for review.";
+const config = { configurable: { thread_id: "1" } };
+
+const events = graph.stream(
+  { messages: [{ role: "user", content: userInput }] },
+  { ...config, streamMode: "values" }
+);
+
+for await (const event of events) {
+  if (event.messages) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage._getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -130,6 +236,7 @@ We've hit the `interrupt` in the `human_assistance` tool again.
 
 ## 4. Add human assistance
 
+:::python
 The chatbot failed to identify the correct date, so supply it with information:
 
 ```python
@@ -145,6 +252,32 @@ for event in events:
     if "messages" in event:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+The chatbot failed to identify the correct date, so supply it with information:
+
+```typescript
+import { Command } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const humanCommand = new Command({
+  resume: {
+    name: "LangGraph",
+    birthday: "Jan 17, 2024",
+  },
+});
+
+const resumeEvents = graph.stream(humanCommand, { ...config, streamMode: "values" });
+
+for await (const event of resumeEvents) {
+  if (event.messages) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage._getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================== Ai Message ==================================
@@ -175,11 +308,25 @@ It's worth noting that LangGraph had been in development and use for some time b
 
 Note that these fields are now reflected in the state:
 
+:::python
 ```python
 snapshot = graph.get_state(config)
 
 {k: v for k, v in snapshot.values.items() if k in ("name", "birthday")}
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const snapshot = await graph.getState(config);
+
+const relevantState = {
+  name: snapshot.values.name,
+  birthday: snapshot.values.birthday
+};
+console.log(relevantState);
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 {'name': 'LangGraph', 'birthday': 'Jan 17, 2024'}
@@ -189,11 +336,21 @@ This makes them easily accessible to downstream nodes (e.g., a node that further
 
 ## 5. Manually update the state
 
+:::python
 LangGraph gives a high degree of control over the application state. For instance, at any point (including when interrupted), you can manually override a key using `graph.update_state`:
 
 ``` python
 graph.update_state(config, {"name": "LangGraph (library)"})
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+LangGraph gives a high degree of control over the application state. For instance, at any point (including when interrupted), you can manually override a key using `graph.updateState`:
+
+```typescript
+await graph.updateState(config, { name: "LangGraph (library)" });
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 {'configurable': {'thread_id': '1',
@@ -203,6 +360,7 @@ graph.update_state(config, {"name": "LangGraph (library)"})
 
 ## 6. View the new value
 
+:::python
 If you call `graph.get_state`, you can see the new value is reflected:
 
 ``` python
@@ -210,6 +368,21 @@ snapshot = graph.get_state(config)
 
 {k: v for k, v in snapshot.values.items() if k in ("name", "birthday")}
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+If you call `graph.getState`, you can see the new value is reflected:
+
+```typescript
+const updatedSnapshot = await graph.getState(config);
+
+const updatedState = {
+  name: updatedSnapshot.values.name,
+  birthday: updatedSnapshot.values.birthday
+};
+console.log(updatedState);
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 {'name': 'LangGraph (library)', 'birthday': 'Jan 17, 2024'}
@@ -231,6 +404,7 @@ llm = init_chat_model("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
 ```
 -->
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from typing import Annotated
 
@@ -304,8 +478,106 @@ graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 memory = MemorySaver()
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";
+import { ToolMessage, BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { MemorySaver } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { StateGraph, START, Annotation } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+import { Command, interrupt } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({
+  model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
+});
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: (x, y) => x.concat(y),
+  }),
+  name: Annotation<string>,
+  birthday: Annotation<string>,
+});
+
+const humanAssistance = tool(async (input, config) => {
+  const { name, birthday } = input;
+  const toolCallId = config?.toolCall?.id;
+  
+  const humanResponse = interrupt({
+    question: "Is this correct?",
+    name: name,
+    birthday: birthday,
+  });
+  
+  let verifiedName, verifiedBirthday, response;
+  
+  if (humanResponse?.correct?.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
+    verifiedName = name;
+    verifiedBirthday = birthday;
+    response = "Correct";
+  } else {
+    verifiedName = humanResponse?.name || name;
+    verifiedBirthday = humanResponse?.birthday || birthday;
+    response = `Made a correction: ${JSON.stringify(humanResponse)}`;
+  }
+  
+  const stateUpdate = {
+    name: verifiedName,
+    birthday: verifiedBirthday,
+    messages: [new ToolMessage({
+      content: response,
+      tool_call_id: toolCallId!
+    })],
+  };
+  
+  return new Command({ update: stateUpdate });
+}, {
+  name: "humanAssistance",
+  description: "Request assistance from a human.",
+  schema: z.object({
+    name: z.string(),
+    birthday: z.string(),
+  }),
+});
+
+const searchTool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [searchTool, humanAssistance];
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  const message = await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages);
+  return { messages: [message] };
+};
+
+const shouldContinue = (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  const lastMessage = state.messages[state.messages.length - 1];
+  if ("tool_calls" in lastMessage && lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+    return "tools";
+  }
+  return "__end__";
+};
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges("chatbot", shouldContinue);
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+:::
 
 ## Next steps
 
-There's one more concept to review before finishing the LangGraph basics tutorials: connecting `checkpointing` and `state updates` to [time travel](./6-time-travel.md). 
-
+There's one more concept to review before finishing the LangGraph basics tutorials: connecting `checkpointing` and `state updates` to [time travel](./6-time-travel.md).

docs/docs/tutorials/get-started/6-time-travel.md

@@ -12,18 +12,35 @@ You can create these types of experiences using LangGraph's built-in **time trav
 
 ## 1. Rewind your graph
 
+:::python
 Rewind your graph by fetching a checkpoint using the graph's `get_state_history` method. You can then resume execution at this previous point in time.
+:::
+
+:::js
+Rewind your graph by fetching a checkpoint using the graph's `getStateHistory` method. You can then resume execution at this previous point in time.
+:::
 
 {!snippets/chat_model_tabs.md!}
 
 <!---
+:::python
 ```python
 from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 
 llm = init_chat_model("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest")
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { initChatModel } from "langchain/chat_models/init";
+
+const llm = initChatModel("anthropic:claude-3-5-sonnet-latest");
+```
+:::
 -->
 
+:::python
 ```python
 from typing import Annotated
 
@@ -63,11 +80,62 @@ graph_builder.add_edge(START, "chatbot")
 memory = MemorySaver()
 graph = graph_builder.compile(checkpointer=memory)
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+import { TavilySearchResults } from "@langchain/community/tools/tavily_search";
+import { ChatAnthropic } from "@langchain/anthropic";
+import { BaseMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";
+import { Annotation, StateGraph, START, END } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { MemorySaver } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+import { ToolNode } from "@langchain/langgraph/prebuilt";
+import { messagesStateReducer } from "@langchain/langgraph";
+
+const StateAnnotation = Annotation.Root({
+  messages: Annotation<BaseMessage[]>({
+    reducer: messagesStateReducer,
+  }),
+});
+
+const graphBuilder = new StateGraph(StateAnnotation);
+
+const tool = new TavilySearchResults({ maxResults: 2 });
+const tools = [tool];
+const llm = new ChatAnthropic({ model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest" });
+const llmWithTools = llm.bindTools(tools);
+
+const chatbot = async (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  return { messages: [await llmWithTools.invoke(state.messages)] };
+};
+
+graphBuilder.addNode("chatbot", chatbot);
+
+const toolNode = new ToolNode(tools);
+graphBuilder.addNode("tools", toolNode);
+
+const toolsCondition = (state: typeof StateAnnotation.State) => {
+  const lastMessage = state.messages[state.messages.length - 1];
+  if ("tool_calls" in lastMessage && lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+    return "tools";
+  }
+  return END;
+};
+
+graphBuilder.addConditionalEdges("chatbot", toolsCondition);
+graphBuilder.addEdge("tools", "chatbot");
+graphBuilder.addEdge(START, "chatbot");
+
+const memory = new MemorySaver();
+const graph = graphBuilder.compile({ checkpointer: memory });
+```
+:::
 
 ## 2. Add steps
 
 Add steps to your graph. Every step will be checkpointed in its state history:
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
 events = graph.stream(
@@ -89,6 +157,42 @@ for event in events:
     if "messages" in event:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const config = { configurable: { thread_id: "1" } };
+const events = await graph.stream(
+  {
+    messages: [
+      {
+        role: "user",
+        content: (
+          "I'm learning LangGraph. " +
+          "Could you do some research on it for me?"
+        ),
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  { ...config, streamMode: "values" }
+);
+
+for await (const event of events) {
+  if ("messages" in event) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage._getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+    if ("tool_calls" in lastMessage && lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+      console.log("Tool Calls:");
+      for (const toolCall of lastMessage.tool_calls) {
+        console.log(`  ${toolCall.name} (${toolCall.id})`);
+        console.log(`  Args: ${JSON.stringify(toolCall.args)}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -123,6 +227,7 @@ Is there any specific aspect of LangGraph you'd like to know more about? I'd be
 Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adjust cell output settings...
 ```
 
+:::python
 ```python
 events = graph.stream(
     {
@@ -143,6 +248,41 @@ for event in events:
     if "messages" in event:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+const events2 = await graph.stream(
+  {
+    messages: [
+      {
+        role: "user",
+        content: (
+          "Ya that's helpful. Maybe I'll " +
+          "build an autonomous agent with it!"
+        ),
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  { ...config, streamMode: "values" }
+);
+
+for await (const event of events2) {
+  if ("messages" in event) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage._getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+    if ("tool_calls" in lastMessage && lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+      console.log("Tool Calls:");
+      for (const toolCall of lastMessage.tool_calls) {
+        console.log(`  ${toolCall.name} (${toolCall.id})`);
+        console.log(`  Args: ${JSON.stringify(toolCall.args)}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================ Human Message =================================
@@ -159,7 +299,7 @@ Tool Calls:
 ================================= Tool Message =================================
 Name: tavily_search_results_json
 
-[{"url": "https://towardsdatascience.com/building-autonomous-multi-tool-agents-with-gemini-2-0-and-langgraph-ad3d7bd5e79d", "content": "Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph | by Youness Mansar | Jan, 2025 | Towards Data Science Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph A practical tutorial with full code examples for building and running multi-tool agents Towards Data Science LLMs are remarkable — they can memorize vast amounts of information, answer general knowledge questions, write code, generate stories, and even fix your grammar. In this tutorial, we are going to build a simple LLM agent that is equipped with four tools that it can use to answer a user’s question. This Agent will have the following specifications: Follow Published in Towards Data Science --------------------------------- Your home for data science and AI. Follow Follow Follow"}, {"url": "https://github.com/anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents", "content": "GitHub - anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents: This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository serves as a comprehensive guide for building AI-powered agents using Langchain and Langgraph. It provides hands-on examples, practical tutorials, and resources for developers and AI enthusiasts to master building intelligent systems and workflows. AI Agent Development: Gain insights into creating intelligent systems that think, reason, and adapt in real time. This repository is ideal for AI practitioners, developers exploring language models, or anyone interested in building intelligent systems. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph."}]
+[{"url": "https://towardsdatascience.com/building-autonomous-multi-tool-agents-with-gemini-2-0-and-langgraph-ad3d7bd5e79d", "content": "Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph | by Youness Mansar | Jan, 2025 | Towards Data Science Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph A practical tutorial with full code examples for building and running multi-tool agents Towards Data Science LLMs are remarkable — they can memorize vast amounts of information, answer general knowledge questions, write code, generate stories, and even fix your grammar. In this tutorial, we are going to build a simple LLM agent that is equipped with four tools that it can use to answer a user's question. This Agent will have the following specifications: Follow Published in Towards Data Science --------------------------------- Your home for data science and AI. Follow Follow Follow"}, {"url": "https://github.com/anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents", "content": "GitHub - anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents: This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository serves as a comprehensive guide for building AI-powered agents using Langchain and Langgraph. It provides hands-on examples, practical tutorials, and resources for developers and AI enthusiasts to master building intelligent systems and workflows. AI Agent Development: Gain insights into creating intelligent systems that think, reason, and adapt in real time. This repository is ideal for AI practitioners, developers exploring language models, or anyone interested in building intelligent systems. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph."}]
 ================================== Ai Message ==================================
 
 Great idea! Building an autonomous agent with LangGraph is definitely an exciting project. Based on the latest information I've found, here are some insights and tips for building autonomous agents with LangGraph:
@@ -181,6 +321,7 @@ Output is truncated. View as a scrollable element or open in a text editor. Adju
 
 Now that you have added steps to the chatbot, you can `replay` the full state history to see everything that occurred.
 
+:::python
 ``` python
 to_replay = None
 for state in graph.get_state_history(config):
@@ -190,7 +331,24 @@ for state in graph.get_state_history(config):
         # We are somewhat arbitrarily selecting a specific state based on the number of chat messages in the state.
         to_replay = state
 ```
+:::
 
+:::js
+```typescript
+let toReplay = null;
+const stateHistory = await graph.getStateHistory(config);
+for await (const state of stateHistory) {
+  console.log("Num Messages: ", state.values.messages.length, "Next: ", state.next);
+  console.log("-".repeat(80));
+  if (state.values.messages.length === 6) {
+    // We are somewhat arbitrarily selecting a specific state based on the number of chat messages in the state.
+    toReplay = state;
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
+
+:::python
 ```
 Num Messages:  8 Next:  ()
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -213,6 +371,32 @@ Num Messages:  1 Next:  ('chatbot',)
 Num Messages:  0 Next:  ('__start__',)
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```
+Num Messages:  8 Next:  []
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  7 Next:  ["chatbot"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  6 Next:  ["tools"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  5 Next:  ["chatbot"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  4 Next:  ["__start__"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  4 Next:  []
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  3 Next:  ["chatbot"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  2 Next:  ["tools"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  1 Next:  ["chatbot"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Num Messages:  0 Next:  ["__start__"]
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+```
+:::
 
 Checkpoints are saved for every step of the graph. This __spans invocations__ so you can rewind across a full thread's history.
 
@@ -220,27 +404,74 @@ Checkpoints are saved for every step of the graph. This __spans invocations__ so
 
 Resume from the `to_replay` state, which is after the `chatbot` node in the second graph invocation. Resuming from this point will call the **action** node next.
 
+:::python
 ```python
 print(to_replay.next)
 print(to_replay.config)
 ```
+:::
 
+:::js
+```typescript
+console.log(toReplay.next);
+console.log(toReplay.config);
+```
+:::
+
+:::python
 ```
 ('tools',)
 {'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1efd43e3-0c1f-6c4e-8006-891877d65740'}}
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```
+["tools"]
+{
+  "configurable": {
+    "thread_id": "1",
+    "checkpoint_ns": "",
+    "checkpoint_id": "1efd43e3-0c1f-6c4e-8006-891877d65740"
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ## 4. Load a state from a moment-in-time
 
 The checkpoint's `to_replay.config` contains a `checkpoint_id` timestamp. Providing this `checkpoint_id` value tells LangGraph's checkpointer to **load** the state from that moment in time.
 
-
+:::python
 ``` python
 # The `checkpoint_id` in the `to_replay.config` corresponds to a state we've persisted to our checkpointer.
 for event in graph.stream(None, to_replay.config, stream_mode="values"):
     if "messages" in event:
         event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
 ```
+:::
+
+:::js
+```typescript
+// The `checkpoint_id` in the `toReplay.config` corresponds to a state we've persisted to our checkpointer.
+const timeTravel = await graph.stream(null, { ...toReplay.config, streamMode: "values" });
+
+for await (const event of timeTravel) {
+  if ("messages" in event) {
+    const lastMessage = event.messages[event.messages.length - 1];
+    console.log(`================================ ${lastMessage._getType()} Message =================================`);
+    console.log(lastMessage.content);
+    if ("tool_calls" in lastMessage && lastMessage.tool_calls?.length) {
+      console.log("Tool Calls:");
+      for (const toolCall of lastMessage.tool_calls) {
+        console.log(`  ${toolCall.name} (${toolCall.id})`);
+        console.log(`  Args: ${JSON.stringify(toolCall.args)}`);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+:::
 
 ```
 ================================== Ai Message ==================================
@@ -254,7 +485,7 @@ Tool Calls:
 ================================= Tool Message =================================
 Name: tavily_search_results_json
 
-[{"url": "https://towardsdatascience.com/building-autonomous-multi-tool-agents-with-gemini-2-0-and-langgraph-ad3d7bd5e79d", "content": "Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph | by Youness Mansar | Jan, 2025 | Towards Data Science Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph A practical tutorial with full code examples for building and running multi-tool agents Towards Data Science LLMs are remarkable — they can memorize vast amounts of information, answer general knowledge questions, write code, generate stories, and even fix your grammar. In this tutorial, we are going to build a simple LLM agent that is equipped with four tools that it can use to answer a user’s question. This Agent will have the following specifications: Follow Published in Towards Data Science --------------------------------- Your home for data science and AI. Follow Follow Follow"}, {"url": "https://github.com/anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents", "content": "GitHub - anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents: This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository serves as a comprehensive guide for building AI-powered agents using Langchain and Langgraph. It provides hands-on examples, practical tutorials, and resources for developers and AI enthusiasts to master building intelligent systems and workflows. AI Agent Development: Gain insights into creating intelligent systems that think, reason, and adapt in real time. This repository is ideal for AI practitioners, developers exploring language models, or anyone interested in building intelligent systems. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph."}]
+[{"url": "https://towardsdatascience.com/building-autonomous-multi-tool-agents-with-gemini-2-0-and-langgraph-ad3d7bd5e79d", "content": "Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph | by Youness Mansar | Jan, 2025 | Towards Data Science Building Autonomous Multi-Tool Agents with Gemini 2.0 and LangGraph A practical tutorial with full code examples for building and running multi-tool agents Towards Data Science LLMs are remarkable — they can memorize vast amounts of information, answer general knowledge questions, write code, generate stories, and even fix your grammar. In this tutorial, we are going to build a simple LLM agent that is equipped with four tools that it can use to answer a user's question. This Agent will have the following specifications: Follow Published in Towards Data Science --------------------------------- Your home for data science and AI. Follow Follow Follow"}, {"url": "https://github.com/anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents", "content": "GitHub - anmolaman20/Tools_and_Agents: This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph. This repository serves as a comprehensive guide for building AI-powered agents using Langchain and Langgraph. It provides hands-on examples, practical tutorials, and resources for developers and AI enthusiasts to master building intelligent systems and workflows. AI Agent Development: Gain insights into creating intelligent systems that think, reason, and adapt in real time. This repository is ideal for AI practitioners, developers exploring language models, or anyone interested in building intelligent systems. This repository provides resources for building AI agents using Langchain and Langgraph."}]
 ================================== Ai Message ==================================
 
 Great idea! Building an autonomous agent with LangGraph is indeed an excellent way to apply and deepen your understanding of the technology. Based on the search results, I can provide you with some insights and resources to help you get started:

docs/docs/tutorials/llm-compiler/LLMCompiler.ipynb

@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@
     "\n",
     "_get_pass(\"TAVILY_API_KEY\")\n",
     "\n",
-    "calculate = get_math_tool(ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-turbo-preview\"))\n",
+    "calculate = get_math_tool(ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\"))\n",
     "search = TavilySearchResults(\n",
     "    max_results=1,\n",
     "    description='tavily_search_results_json(query=\"the search query\") - a search engine.',\n",
@@ -540,11 +540,11 @@
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
-      "================================\u001b[1m System Message \u001b[0m================================\n",
+      "================================\u001B[1m System Message \u001B[0m================================\n",
       "\n",
-      "Given a user query, create a plan to solve it with the utmost parallelizability. Each plan should comprise an action from the following \u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{num_tools}\u001b[0m types:\n",
-      "\u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{tool_descriptions}\u001b[0m\n",
-      "\u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{num_tools}\u001b[0m. join(): Collects and combines results from prior actions.\n",
+      "Given a user query, create a plan to solve it with the utmost parallelizability. Each plan should comprise an action from the following \u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{num_tools}\u001B[0m types:\n",
+      "\u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{tool_descriptions}\u001B[0m\n",
+      "\u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{num_tools}\u001B[0m. join(): Collects and combines results from prior actions.\n",
       "\n",
       " - An LLM agent is called upon invoking join() to either finalize the user query or wait until the plans are executed.\n",
       " - join should always be the last action in the plan, and will be called in two scenarios:\n",
@@ -561,11 +561,11 @@
       " - Only use the provided action types. If a query cannot be addressed using these, invoke the join action for the next steps.\n",
       " - Never introduce new actions other than the ones provided.\n",
       "\n",
-      "=============================\u001b[1m Messages Placeholder \u001b[0m=============================\n",
+      "=============================\u001B[1m Messages Placeholder \u001B[0m=============================\n",
       "\n",
-      "\u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{messages}\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{messages}\u001B[0m\n",
       "\n",
-      "================================\u001b[1m System Message \u001b[0m================================\n",
+      "================================\u001B[1m System Message \u001B[0m================================\n",
       "\n",
       "Remember, ONLY respond with the task list in the correct format! E.g.:\n",
       "idx. tool(arg_name=args)\n",
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@
     "joiner_prompt = hub.pull(\"wfh/llm-compiler-joiner\").partial(\n",
     "    examples=\"\"\n",
     ")  # You can optionally add examples\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4-turbo-preview\")\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o\")\n",
     "\n",
     "runnable = joiner_prompt | llm.with_structured_output(\n",
     "    JoinOutputs, method=\"function_calling\"\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/plan-and-execute/plan-and-execute.ipynb

@@ -135,7 +135,6 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "from langchain import hub\n",
     "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
     "\n",
     "from langgraph.prebuilt import create_react_agent\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/rag/langgraph_adaptive_rag.ipynb

@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@
    "id": "9ac1c2cd-81fb-40eb-8ba1-e9197800cba6",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Create Index"
+    "## Create Index\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Set up a vector database using OpenAI Embeddings and the Chroma vector database.  \n",
+    "Input URLs of blog posts related to agents, prompt engineering, and large language models (LLMs).  \n",
+    "Generate vector indices for use in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)."
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -159,6 +163,21 @@
     "</div>"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "6cdd5ac0-fa18-4ee9-8051-062a0c56268f",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Router for Query Analysis\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Let’s start with Routing. First, assign the query analysis to the LLM.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Create a RouteQuery data model and specify it in a structured format for the LLM. The decision for routing should be embedded in the prompt. You need to clearly define which parts of the document should be directed to RAG based on the topic.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "While you could automate this process by having the LLM summarize the RAG documents again, it’s more cost-effective to manually manage this when dealing with large documents, as automation could become expensive.\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 4,
@@ -219,6 +238,18 @@
     "print(question_router.invoke({\"question\": \"What are the types of agent memory?\"}))"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "cb248c94-0b0c-4d86-8565-32aa8d7424e4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Retrieval Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "After performing retrieval, evaluate the results. Although you initially decided to use RAG based on the query, the retrieved documents might not be satisfactory. Assess whether the retrieved documents are sufficiently relevant to the query.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "For this, rely on the LLM to evaluate the relevance, providing a binary ‘yes’ or ‘no’ decision."
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 5,
@@ -309,6 +340,17 @@
     "print(generation)"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "cb0ab54a-4a4f-45fa-b1c5-cea1bf4c59d5",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Hallucination Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Verify if the LLM produced any hallucinations by comparing its output to the retrieved facts.  \n",
+    "Provide the LLM’s evaluation in a binary ‘yes’ or ‘no’ format.\n"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 7,
@@ -357,6 +399,16 @@
     "hallucination_grader.invoke({\"documents\": docs, \"generation\": generation})"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "4f58502a-c25f-4d80-a402-5583b0cd3e41",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Answer Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Evaluate the answer finally."
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 8,
@@ -405,6 +457,18 @@
     "answer_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"generation\": generation})"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "af77946c-2646-4039-86b0-e2fde1ab7459",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Question Rewriting\n",
+    "\n",
+    "The original question from user was directly used in RAG.  \n",
+    "However, the user’s question might not be in a form suitable for RAG.  \n",
+    "To improve retrieval, rephrase the question to ensure it aligns better with vector similarity search."
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 9,
@@ -450,7 +514,9 @@
    "id": "d07c0b31-b919-4498-869f-9673125c2473",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Web Search Tool"
+    "## Web Search Tool\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Use Tavily Search tool to get information from the web."
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -516,11 +582,13 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 12,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "b76b5ec3-0720-443d-85b1-c0e79659ca0a",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
+    "from pprint import pprint\n",
+    "\n",
     "from langchain.schema import Document\n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
@@ -796,7 +864,7 @@
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
-   "execution_count": 14,
+   "execution_count": null,
    "id": "29acc541-d726-4b75-84d1-a215845fe88a",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
@@ -823,8 +891,6 @@
     }
    ],
    "source": [
-    "from pprint import pprint\n",
-    "\n",
     "# Run\n",
     "inputs = {\n",
     "    \"question\": \"What player at the Bears expected to draft first in the 2024 NFL draft?\"\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/rag/langgraph_crag.ipynb

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/reflection/reflection.ipynb

@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
      "text": [
       "{'generate': {'messages': [AIMessage(content='Title: The Little Prince: A Topical Allegory for Modern Life\\n\\nIntroduction:\\nAntoine de Saint-Exupéry\\'s \"The Little Prince\" is a classic novella that has captured the hearts of millions since its publication in 1943. While it might be easy to dismiss this work as a children\\'s story, its profound themes and timeless message make it a relevant and topical piece in modern life. This essay will explore the allegorical nature of \"The Little Prince\" and discuss how its message can be applied to the complexities of the modern world.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 1 - The Allegory of the Little Prince:\\n\"The Little Prince\" is an allegorical tale that explores various aspects of the human condition through its whimsical characters and situations. The Little Prince himself represents innocence, curiosity, and the importance of human connection. As the story unfolds, readers encounter different characters that symbolize various aspects of adult life, such as vanity, materialism, and authority. These representations allow the story to transcend age and culture, making it relatable to a wide range of readers, even in the modern context.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 2 - The Relevance of the Little Prince\\'s Message:\\nThe Little Prince\\'s message is centered around the importance of looking beyond superficial appearances and forming meaningful connections with others. In a world increasingly dominated by technology and social media, where surface-level interactions are commonplace, this message is more relevant than ever. The Little Prince encourages readers to cherish and nurture genuine relationships, reminding us that true happiness and fulfillment come from understanding and empathizing with others.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 3 - The Critique of Modern Society:\\n\"The Little Prince\" also offers a critique of modern society, highlighting the dangers of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power. These themes resonate strongly in today\\'s world, where wealth inequality and environmental degradation are pressing issues. The story serves as a reminder that the pursuit of material possessions and status often comes at the expense of our own happiness and the well-being of our planet.\\n\\nConclusion:\\nIn conclusion, \"The Little Prince\" remains a topical and relevant work in modern life due to its allegorical nature, timeless message, and critique of modern society. Its exploration of human connections, materialism, and the pursuit of power offers valuable insights for readers of all ages. By embracing the story\\'s wisdom, we can better navigate the complexities of the modern world and foster a more compassionate, sustainable, and interconnected society.', response_metadata={'token_usage': {'prompt_tokens': 72, 'total_tokens': 632, 'completion_tokens': 560}, 'model_name': 'accounts/fireworks/models/mixtral-8x7b-instruct', 'system_fingerprint': '', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-b39a25ab-24f6-42d0-96c2-0f74c3ecc8f7-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 72, 'output_tokens': 560, 'total_tokens': 632})]}}\n",
       "---\n",
-      "{'reflect': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='Essay Critique and Recommendations:\\n\\nTitle: The Little Prince: A Topical Allegory for Modern Life\\n\\nIntroduction:\\nThe introduction effectively sets the stage for the essay by providing background information on \"The Little Prince\" and its relevance in modern life. However, consider adding a hook to engage the reader\\'s attention and create a stronger first impression.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 1 - The Allegory of the Little Prince:\\nThis paragraph provides a clear explanation of the allegorical nature of \"The Little Prince.\" To enhance this section, consider offering specific examples from the text to illustrate how the characters and situations symbolize various aspects of adult life. This will strengthen your analysis and make it more engaging for the reader.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 2 - The Relevance of the Little Prince\\'s Message:\\nThe relevance of the Little Prince\\'s message is well-articulated in this paragraph. To further strengthen your argument, consider discussing the consequences of ignoring this message in the context of modern society. This will help emphasize the importance of the Little Prince\\'s wisdom and its relevance to contemporary issues.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 3 - The Critique of Modern Society:\\nThis paragraph effectively highlights the story\\'s critique of modern society. To deepen your analysis, explore how the themes of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power interconnect and contribute to the challenges faced by modern society. Additionally, consider discussing potential solutions or actions inspired by the Little Prince\\'s message that could help address these issues.\\n\\nConclusion:\\nThe conclusion effectively summarizes the main points of the essay and emphasizes the relevance of \"The Little Prince\" in modern life. To further enhance this section, consider incorporating a thought-provoking question or statement that encourages readers to reflect on the story\\'s message and its implications for their own lives.\\n\\nRecommendations:\\n1. Expand the essay to approximately 1,200-1,500 words to allow for a more in-depth analysis.\\n2. Incorporate specific examples and quotes from \"The Little Prince\" to support your arguments and engage the reader.\\n3. Ensure that each body paragraph contains a clear thesis statement, supporting evidence, and analysis.\\n4. Consider discussing counterarguments or potential criticisms of the Little Prince\\'s message to add depth and complexity to your essay.\\n5. Revise and edit the essay for clarity, coherence, and grammar.')]}}\n",
+      "{'reflect': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content='Essay Critique and Recommendations:\\n\\nTitle: The Little Prince: A Topical Allegory for Modern Life\\n\\nIntroduction:\\nThe introduction effectively sets the stage for the essay by providing background information on \"The Little Prince\" and its relevance in modern life. However, consider adding a hook to engage the reader\\'s attention and create a stronger first impression.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 1 - The Allegory of the Little Prince:\\nThis paragraph provides a clear explanation of the allegorical nature of \"The Little Prince.\" To enhance this section, consider offering specific examples from the text to illustrate how the characters and situations symbolize various aspects of adult life. This will strengthen your analysis and make it more engaging for the reader.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 2 - The Relevance of the Little Prince\\'s Message:\\nThe relevance of the Little Prince\\'s message is well-articulated in this paragraph. To further strengthen your argument, consider discussing the consequences of ignoring this message in the context of modern society. This will help emphasize the importance of the Little Prince\\'s wisdom and its relevance to contemporary issues.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 3 - The Critique of Modern Society:\\nThis paragraph effectively highlights the story\\'s critique of modern society. To deepen your analysis, explore how themes of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power interconnect and contribute to the challenges faced by modern society. Additionally, consider discussing potential solutions or actions inspired by the Little Prince\\'s message that could help address these issues.\\n\\nConclusion:\\nThe conclusion effectively summarizes the main points of the essay and emphasizes the relevance of \"The Little Prince\" in modern life. To further enhance this section, consider incorporating a thought-provoking question or statement that encourages readers to reflect on the story\\'s message and its implications for their own lives.\\n\\nRecommendations:\\n1. Expand the essay to approximately 1,200-1,500 words to allow for a more in-depth analysis.\\n2. Incorporate specific examples and quotes from \"The Little Prince\" to support your arguments and engage the reader.\\n3. Ensure that each body paragraph contains a clear thesis statement, supporting evidence, and analysis.\\n4. Consider discussing counterarguments or potential criticisms of the Little Prince\\'s message to add depth and complexity to your essay.\\n5. Revise and edit the essay for clarity, coherence, and grammar.')]}}\n",
       "---\n",
       "{'generate': {'messages': [AIMessage(content='Title: The Little Prince: A Topical Allegory for Modern Life\\n\\nIntroduction:\\nIn Antoine de Saint-Exupéry\\'s classic novella \"The Little Prince,\" a young boy embarks on a journey through the universe, meeting various characters that symbolize different aspects of adult life. This timeless tale, published in 1943, remains incredibly relevant in today\\'s modern world. Its allegorical nature, thought-provoking message, and critique of modern society offer invaluable insights for readers of all ages. This essay will explore the allegory of \"The Little Prince,\" analyze the relevance of its message, and discuss its critique of modern society, demonstrating its topicality in contemporary life.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 1 - The Allegory of the Little Prince:\\n\"The Little Prince\" is an allegorical tale that uses whimsical characters and situations to explore various aspects of the human condition. For instance, the king represents authority without substance, while the businessman embodies the futility of materialism. The fox, conversely, symbolizes the importance of forming genuine connections and nurturing meaningful relationships. These allegorical representations allow the story to transcend age and culture, making it relatable to a wide range of readers, even in the modern context.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 2 - The Relevance of the Little Prince\\'s Message:\\nThe Little Prince\\'s message is centered around the importance of looking beyond superficial appearances and forming meaningful connections with others. In a world increasingly dominated by technology and social media, where surface-level interactions are commonplace, this message is more relevant than ever. Neglecting this message can lead to feelings of isolation, loneliness, and dissatisfaction. By embracing the story\\'s wisdom, we can prioritize genuine relationships, fostering a more compassionate and interconnected society.\\n\\nBody Paragraph 3 - The Critique of Modern Society:\\n\"The Little Prince\" offers a critique of modern society, highlighting the dangers of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power. These themes resonate strongly in today\\'s world, where wealth inequality and environmental degradation are pressing issues. The story serves as a reminder that the pursuit of material possessions and status often comes at the expense of our own happiness and the well-being of our planet. To address these challenges, we must reevaluate our priorities, focusing on sustainability, empathy, and the cultivation of meaningful relationships.\\n\\nConclusion:\\nIn conclusion, \"The Little Prince\" remains a topical and relevant work in modern life due to its allegorical nature, timeless message, and critique of modern society. Its exploration of human connections, materialism, and the pursuit of power offers valuable insights for readers of all ages. By embracing the story\\'s wisdom, we can better navigate the complexities of the modern world and foster a more compassionate, sustainable, and interconnected society. As the Little Prince so eloquently states, \"What is essential is invisible to the eye,\" reminding us that true happiness and fulfillment come from understanding and empathizing with others.\\n\\nExpanded Essay Recommendations:\\n\\n1. Expand the essay to approximately 1,200-1,500 words to allow for a more in-depth analysis.\\n2. Incorporate specific examples and quotes from \"The Little Prince\" to support your arguments and engage the reader. For instance, use quotes like, \"You become responsible, forever, for what you have tamed,\" to emphasize the importance of forming genuine connections.\\n3. Ensure that each body paragraph contains a clear thesis statement, supporting evidence, and analysis.\\n4. Consider discussing counterarguments or potential criticisms of the Little Prince\\'s message to add depth and complexity to your essay. For example, explore the idea that the pursuit of material possessions can provide a sense of security and comfort.\\n5. Revise and edit the essay for clarity, coherence, and grammar. Ensure that transitions between paragraphs are smooth and that your arguments flow logically.', response_metadata={'token_usage': {'prompt_tokens': 1168, 'total_tokens': 2044, 'completion_tokens': 876}, 'model_name': 'accounts/fireworks/models/mixtral-8x7b-instruct', 'system_fingerprint': '', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-9bfc9ff2-3186-43f5-8b75-498d532d8d1a-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 1168, 'output_tokens': 876, 'total_tokens': 2044})]}}\n",
       "---\n",
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
       "The relevance of the Little Prince's message is well-articulated in this paragraph. To further strengthen your argument, consider discussing the consequences of ignoring this message in the context of modern society. This will help emphasize the importance of the Little Prince's wisdom and its relevance to contemporary issues.\n",
       "\n",
       "Body Paragraph 3 - The Critique of Modern Society:\n",
-      "This paragraph effectively highlights the story's critique of modern society. To deepen your analysis, explore how the themes of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power interconnect and contribute to the challenges faced by modern society. Additionally, consider discussing potential solutions or actions inspired by the Little Prince's message that could help address these issues.\n",
+      "This paragraph effectively highlights the story's critique of modern society. To deepen your analysis, explore how themes of materialism, consumerism, and the pursuit of power interconnect and contribute to the challenges faced by modern society. Additionally, consider discussing potential solutions or actions inspired by the Little Prince's message that could help address these issues.\n",
       "\n",
       "Conclusion:\n",
       "The conclusion effectively summarizes the main points of the essay and emphasizes the relevance of \"The Little Prince\" in modern life. To further enhance this section, consider incorporating a thought-provoking question or statement that encourages readers to reflect on the story's message and its implications for their own lives.\n",

docs/docs/tutorials/usaco/usaco.ipynb

@@ -1758,7 +1758,7 @@
    "id": "4eb67198-c84f-458b-8baf-783d7246dddc",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "Let's let the agent try again. Call `stream` with `None` to just use the inputs loaded from the memory. We will skip our human review for the next few attempats\n",
+    "Let's let the agent try again. Call `stream` with `None` to just use the inputs loaded from the memory. We will skip our human review for the next few attempts\n",
     "to see if it can correct itself."
    ]
   },

docs/mkdocs.yml

@@ -381,25 +381,6 @@ extra:
       link: https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph
     - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
       link: https://twitter.com/LangChainAI
-  analytics:
-    provider: google
-    property: G-G8X6ELZYE0
-    feedback:
-      title: Was this page helpful?
-      ratings:
-        - icon: material/emoticon-happy-outline
-          name: This page was helpful
-          data: 1
-          note: >-
-            Thanks for your feedback!
-        - icon: material/emoticon-sad-outline
-          name: This page could be improved
-          data: 0
-          note: >-
-            Thanks for your feedback! Please help us improve this page by adding to the discussion below.
-  shared_analytics:
-    provider: google
-    property: G-47WX3HKKY2
 validation:
   # https://www.mkdocs.org/user-guide/configuration/
   # We are still raising for omitted files because they determine the breadcrumbs for pages.
@@ -417,4 +398,6 @@ extra_css:
   - stylesheets/logos.css
   - stylesheets/sticky_navigation.css
   - stylesheets/agent_graph_widget.css
-
+  - language-switcher.css
+extra_javascript:
+  - language-switcher.js

docs/overrides/language-switcher.css

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+.lang-python,
+.lang-javascript {
+    display: none;
+}
+
+.language-switcher-global {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+    margin-right: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+/* Style the select to match the header */
+.language-switcher-global select {
+    appearance: none;
+    font: inherit;
+    border: none;
+    padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    outline: none;
+    font-weight: bolder;
+}
+
+/* Hover/focus effect */
+.language-switcher-global select:hover,
+.language-switcher-global select:focus {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+/* Theme-specific overrides */
+html[data-md-color-scheme="default"] .language-switcher-global select,
+html[data-md-color-scheme="default"] .language-switcher-global option {
+    color: #333;
+    background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+html[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .language-switcher-global select,
+html[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .language-switcher-global option {
+    color: #eee;
+    background-color: transparent;
+}

docs/overrides/language-switcher.js

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+function applyLanguageSwitching() {
+    const selector = document.getElementById("global-language-selector");
+
+    const langBlocks = {
+        python: document.querySelectorAll(".lang-python"),
+        javascript: document.querySelectorAll(".lang-javascript"),
+    };
+
+    const setLanguage = (lang) => {
+        for (const [key, blocks] of Object.entries(langBlocks)) {
+            blocks.forEach((block) => {
+                block.style.display = key === lang ? "block" : "none";
+            });
+        }
+        localStorage.setItem("preferredLang", lang);
+    };
+
+    const saved = localStorage.getItem("preferredLang") || "python";
+
+    if (selector) {
+        selector.value = saved;
+        selector.addEventListener("change", (e) => setLanguage(e.target.value));
+    }
+
+    setLanguage(saved);
+}
+
+// Run on initial load
+document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", applyLanguageSwitching);
+
+// Re-run after client-side navigation (MkDocs Material)
+document.addEventListener("pjax:success", applyLanguageSwitching);
+
+// Optional: observe DOM changes (e.g., for late-loaded content)
+if (window.MutationObserver) {
+    const observer = new MutationObserver(() => applyLanguageSwitching());
+    observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });
+}

docs/overrides/main.html

@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 {% extends "base.html" %}
 
+{% block analytics %}
+<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
+<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
+new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
+j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
+'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
+})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T35S4S46');</script>
+<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
+{% endblock %}
+
+
 {% block extrahead %}
   <meta name="algolia-site-verification" content="165B7E7C89E49946" />
   <style>
@@ -185,7 +196,6 @@
   </style>
 {% endblock %}
 
-
 {% block content %}
 <div class="notebook-links">
   {% if page.nb_url %}
@@ -209,7 +219,6 @@
   {% endif %}
 {% endblock %}
 
-
 {% block announce %}
 <strong>We are growing and hiring for multiple roles for LangChain, LangGraph and LangSmith. <a href="https://www.langchain.com/careers" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Join our team!</a></strong>
 {% endblock %}

docs/overrides/partials/header.html

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+{#-
+  This file was automatically generated - do not edit
+-#}
+{% set class = "md-header" %}
+{% if "navigation.tabs.sticky" in features %}
+  {% set class = class ~ " md-header--shadow md-header--lifted" %}
+{% elif "navigation.tabs" not in features %}
+  {% set class = class ~ " md-header--shadow" %}
+{% endif %}
+<header class="{{ class }}" data-md-component="header">
+  <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="{{ lang.t('header') }}">
+    <a href="{{ config.extra.homepage | d(nav.homepage.url, true) | url }}" title="{{ config.site_name | e }}" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="{{ config.site_name }}" data-md-component="logo">
+      {% include "partials/logo.html" %}
+    </a>
+    <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
+      {% set icon = config.theme.icon.menu or "material/menu" %}
+      {% include ".icons/" ~ icon ~ ".svg" %}
+    </label>
+    <div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
+      <div class="md-header__ellipsis">
+        <div class="md-header__topic">
+          <span class="md-ellipsis">
+            {{ config.site_name }}
+          </span>
+        </div>
+        <div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
+          <span class="md-ellipsis">
+            {% if page.meta and page.meta.title %}
+              {{ page.meta.title }}
+            {% else %}
+              {{ page.title }}
+            {% endif %}
+          </span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    {% if config.theme.palette %}
+      {% if not config.theme.palette is mapping %}
+        {% include "partials/palette.html" %}
+      {% endif %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if not config.theme.palette is mapping %}
+      {% include "partials/javascripts/palette.html" %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if config.extra.alternate %}
+      {% include "partials/alternate.html" %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if "material/search" in config.plugins %}
+      {% set search = config.plugins["material/search"] | attr("config") %}
+      {% if search.enabled %}
+        <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
+          {% set icon = config.theme.icon.search or "material/magnify" %}
+          {% include ".icons/" ~ icon ~ ".svg" %}
+        </label>
+        {% include "partials/search.html" %}
+      {% endif %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if config.repo_url %}
+      <div class="md-header__source">
+        {% include "partials/source.html" %}
+      </div>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% include "partials/language-toggle.html" %}
+  </nav>
+  {% if "navigation.tabs.sticky" in features %}
+    {% if "navigation.tabs" in features %}
+      {% include "partials/tabs.html" %}
+    {% endif %}
+  {% endif %}
+</header>

docs/overrides/partials/language-toggle.html

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<div class="md-header__button language-switcher-global" title="Select Language">
+  <select id="global-language-selector" aria-label="Select Language">
+    <option value="python">🐍 Python</option>
+    <option value="javascript">⚡️ JavaScript</option>
+  </select>
+</div>

docs/tests/unit_tests/test_conditional_rendering.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from _scripts.notebook_hooks import _apply_conditional_rendering
+
+
+CONDITIONAL_RENDERING = """
+above
+:::js
+js-content
+:::
+between
+:::python
+python-content
+:::
+below
+"""
+
+
+def test_conditional_rendering() -> None:
+    """Test logic for conditional rendering of content."""
+    output = _apply_conditional_rendering(CONDITIONAL_RENDERING, "js")
+    assert output.strip() == "above\njs-content\n\nbetween\n\nbelow"
+    output = _apply_conditional_rendering(CONDITIONAL_RENDERING, "python")
+    assert output.strip() == "above\n\nbetween\npython-content\n\nbelow"

examples/rag/langgraph_adaptive_rag.ipynb

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_router = llm.with_structured_output(RouteQuery)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeHallucinations)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeAnswer)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",

examples/rag/langgraph_agentic_rag.ipynb

@@ -200,11 +200,11 @@
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "********************Prompt[rlm/rag-prompt]********************\n",
-      "================================\u001b[1m Human Message \u001b[0m=================================\n",
+      "================================\u001B[1m Human Message \u001B[0m=================================\n",
       "\n",
       "You are an assistant for question-answering tasks. Use the following pieces of retrieved context to answer the question. If you don't know the answer, just say that you don't know. Use three sentences maximum and keep the answer concise.\n",
-      "Question: \u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{question}\u001b[0m \n",
-      "Context: \u001b[33;1m\u001b[1;3m{context}\u001b[0m \n",
+      "Question: \u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{question}\u001B[0m \n",
+      "Context: \u001B[33;1m\u001B[1;3m{context}\u001B[0m \n",
       "Answer:\n"
      ]
     }
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
     "        binary_score: str = Field(description=\"Relevance score 'yes' or 'no'\")\n",
     "\n",
     "    # LLM\n",
-    "    model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, model=\"gpt-4-0125-preview\", streaming=True)\n",
+    "    model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0, model=\"gpt-4o\", streaming=True)\n",
     "\n",
     "    # LLM with tool and validation\n",
     "    llm_with_tool = model.with_structured_output(grade)\n",

examples/rag/langgraph_crag.ipynb

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",

examples/rag/langgraph_self_rag.ipynb

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeHallucinations)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "# LLM with function call\n",
-    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
     "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeAnswer)\n",
     "\n",
     "# Prompt\n",

examples/rag/langgraph_self_rag_pinecone_movies.ipynb

@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@
    "id": "a384cc48-0425-4e8f-aafc-cfb8e56025c9",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["%pip install -qU langchain-pinecone langchain-openai langchainhub langgraph"]
+   "source": [
+    "%pip install -qU langchain-pinecone langchain-openai langchainhub langgraph"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -51,7 +53,9 @@
    "id": "ccc3dae5-1df6-48ca-af8a-50f0e6128876",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import os\n\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_ENDPOINT\"] = \"https://api.smith.langchain.com\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\"] = \"<your-api-key>\""]
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_TRACING_V2\"] = \"true\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_ENDPOINT\"] = \"https://api.smith.langchain.com\"\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_API_KEY\"] = \"<your-api-key>\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -59,7 +63,9 @@
    "id": "88637820",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["import os\n\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"pinecone-devconnect\""]
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n\nos.environ[\"LANGCHAIN_PROJECT\"] = \"pinecone-devconnect\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -77,7 +83,9 @@
    "id": "565a6d44-2c9f-4fff-b1ec-eea05df9350d",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings\nfrom langchain_pinecone import PineconeVectorStore\n\n# use pinecone movies database\n\n# Add to vectorDB\nvectorstore = PineconeVectorStore(\n    embedding=OpenAIEmbeddings(),\n    index_name=\"sample-movies\",\n    text_key=\"summary\",\n)\nretriever = vectorstore.as_retriever()"]
+   "source": [
+    "from langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings\nfrom langchain_pinecone import PineconeVectorStore\n\n# use pinecone movies database\n\n# Add to vectorDB\nvectorstore = PineconeVectorStore(\n    embedding=OpenAIEmbeddings(),\n    index_name=\"sample-movies\",\n    text_key=\"summary\",\n)\nretriever = vectorstore.as_retriever()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -104,7 +112,9 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["docs = retriever.invoke(\"James Cameron\")\nfor doc in docs:\n    print(\"# \" + doc.metadata[\"title\"])\n    print(doc.page_content)\n    print()"]
+   "source": [
+    "docs = retriever.invoke(\"James Cameron\")\nfor doc in docs:\n    print(\"# \" + doc.metadata[\"title\"])\n    print(doc.page_content)\n    print()"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -120,7 +130,32 @@
    "id": "1fafad21-60cc-483e-92a3-6a7edb1838e3",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["### Retrieval Grader\n\nfrom langchain import hub\nfrom langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field\nfrom langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n\n\n# Data model\nclass GradeDocuments(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"Binary score for relevance check on retrieved documents.\"\"\"\n\n    binary_score: str = Field(\n        description=\"Documents are relevant to the question, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n    )\n\n\n# https://smith.langchain.com/hub/efriis/self-rag-retrieval-grader\ngrade_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-retrieval-grader\")\n\n# LLM with function call\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\nstructured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n\nretrieval_grader = grade_prompt | structured_llm_grader"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Retrieval Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from langchain import hub\n",
+    "from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field\n",
+    "from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Data model\n",
+    "class GradeDocuments(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Binary score for relevance check on retrieved documents.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    binary_score: str = Field(\n",
+    "        description=\"Documents are relevant to the question, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# https://smith.langchain.com/hub/efriis/self-rag-retrieval-grader\n",
+    "grade_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-retrieval-grader\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# LLM with function call\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeDocuments)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "retrieval_grader = grade_prompt | structured_llm_grader"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -137,7 +172,9 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["# Test the retrieval grader\nquestion = \"movies starring jason momoa\"\ndocs = retriever.invoke(question)\ndoc_txt = docs[0].page_content\nprint(doc_txt)\nprint(retrieval_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"document\": doc_txt}))"]
+   "source": [
+    "# Test the retrieval grader\nquestion = \"movies starring jason momoa\"\ndocs = retriever.invoke(question)\ndoc_txt = docs[0].page_content\nprint(doc_txt)\nprint(retrieval_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"document\": doc_txt}))"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -163,7 +200,9 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["### Generate\n\nfrom langchain import hub\nfrom langchain_core.output_parsers import StrOutputParser\n\n# Prompt\nprompt = hub.pull(\"rlm/rag-prompt\")\n\n# LLM\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model_name=\"gpt-3.5-turbo\", temperature=0)\n\n# Chain\nrag_chain = prompt | llm | StrOutputParser()\n\n# Run\ngeneration = rag_chain.invoke({\"context\": docs, \"question\": question})\nprint(generation)"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Generate\n\nfrom langchain import hub\nfrom langchain_core.output_parsers import StrOutputParser\n\n# Prompt\nprompt = hub.pull(\"rlm/rag-prompt\")\n\n# LLM\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model_name=\"gpt-3.5-turbo\", temperature=0)\n\n# Chain\nrag_chain = prompt | llm | StrOutputParser()\n\n# Run\ngeneration = rag_chain.invoke({\"context\": docs, \"question\": question})\nprint(generation)"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -189,7 +228,30 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["### Hallucination Grader\n\n\n# Data model\nclass GradeHallucinations(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"Binary score for hallucination present in generation answer.\"\"\"\n\n    binary_score: str = Field(\n        description=\"Answer is grounded in the facts, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n    )\n\n\n# LLM with function call\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\nstructured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeHallucinations)\n\n# https://smith.langchain.com/hub/efriis/self-rag-hallucination-grader\nhallucination_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-hallucination-grader\")\n\nhallucination_grader = hallucination_prompt | structured_llm_grader\nprint(generation)\nhallucination_grader.invoke({\"documents\": docs, \"generation\": generation})"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Hallucination Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Data model\n",
+    "class GradeHallucinations(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Binary score for hallucination present in generation answer.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    binary_score: str = Field(\n",
+    "        description=\"Answer is grounded in the facts, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# LLM with function call\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeHallucinations)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# https://smith.langchain.com/hub/efriis/self-rag-hallucination-grader\n",
+    "hallucination_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-hallucination-grader\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hallucination_grader = hallucination_prompt | structured_llm_grader\n",
+    "print(generation)\n",
+    "hallucination_grader.invoke({\"documents\": docs, \"generation\": generation})"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -216,7 +278,31 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["### Answer Grader\n\n\n# Data model\nclass GradeAnswer(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"Binary score to assess answer addresses question.\"\"\"\n\n    binary_score: str = Field(\n        description=\"Answer addresses the question, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n    )\n\n\n# LLM with function call\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\nstructured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeAnswer)\n\n# Prompt\nanswer_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-answer-grader\")\n\nanswer_grader = answer_prompt | structured_llm_grader\nprint(question)\nprint(generation)\nanswer_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"generation\": generation})"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Answer Grader\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Data model\n",
+    "class GradeAnswer(BaseModel):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"Binary score to assess answer addresses question.\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    binary_score: str = Field(\n",
+    "        description=\"Answer addresses the question, 'yes' or 'no'\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# LLM with function call\n",
+    "llm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-4o-mini\", temperature=0)\n",
+    "structured_llm_grader = llm.with_structured_output(GradeAnswer)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Prompt\n",
+    "answer_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-answer-grader\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "answer_grader = answer_prompt | structured_llm_grader\n",
+    "print(question)\n",
+    "print(generation)\n",
+    "answer_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"generation\": generation})"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -242,7 +328,9 @@
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["### Question Re-writer\n\n# LLM\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n\n# Prompt\nre_write_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-question-rewriter\")\n\nquestion_rewriter = re_write_prompt | llm | StrOutputParser()\nprint(question)\nquestion_rewriter.invoke({\"question\": question})"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Question Re-writer\n\n# LLM\nllm = ChatOpenAI(model=\"gpt-3.5-turbo-0125\", temperature=0)\n\n# Prompt\nre_write_prompt = hub.pull(\"efriis/self-rag-question-rewriter\")\n\nquestion_rewriter = re_write_prompt | llm | StrOutputParser()\nprint(question)\nquestion_rewriter.invoke({\"question\": question})"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -262,7 +350,9 @@
    "id": "f1617e9e-66a8-4c1a-a1fe-cc936284c085",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["from typing import List\n\nfrom typing_extensions import TypedDict\n\n\nclass GraphState(TypedDict):\n    \"\"\"\n    Represents the state of our graph.\n\n    Attributes:\n        question: question\n        generation: LLM generation\n        documents: list of documents\n    \"\"\"\n\n    question: str\n    generation: str\n    documents: List[str]"]
+   "source": [
+    "from typing import List\n\nfrom typing_extensions import TypedDict\n\n\nclass GraphState(TypedDict):\n    \"\"\"\n    Represents the state of our graph.\n\n    Attributes:\n        question: question\n        generation: LLM generation\n        documents: list of documents\n    \"\"\"\n\n    question: str\n    generation: str\n    documents: List[str]"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -270,7 +360,9 @@
    "id": "add509d8-6682-4127-8d95-13dd37d79702",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["### Nodes\n\n\ndef retrieve(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Retrieve documents\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): New key added to state, documents, that contains retrieved documents\n    \"\"\"\n    print(\"---RETRIEVE---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n\n    # Retrieval\n    documents = retriever.invoke(question)\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": question}\n\n\ndef generate(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Generate answer\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): New key added to state, generation, that contains LLM generation\n    \"\"\"\n    print(\"---GENERATE---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # RAG generation\n    generation = rag_chain.invoke({\"context\": documents, \"question\": question})\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": question, \"generation\": generation}\n\n\ndef grade_documents(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether the retrieved documents are relevant to the question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): Updates documents key with only filtered relevant documents\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---CHECK DOCUMENT RELEVANCE TO QUESTION---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # Score each doc\n    filtered_docs = []\n    for d in documents:\n        score = retrieval_grader.invoke(\n            {\"question\": question, \"document\": d.page_content}\n        )\n        grade = score.binary_score\n        if grade == \"yes\":\n            print(\"---GRADE: DOCUMENT RELEVANT---\")\n            filtered_docs.append(d)\n        else:\n            print(\"---GRADE: DOCUMENT NOT RELEVANT---\")\n            continue\n    return {\"documents\": filtered_docs, \"question\": question}\n\n\ndef transform_query(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Transform the query to produce a better question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): Updates question key with a re-phrased question\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---TRANSFORM QUERY---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # Re-write question\n    better_question = question_rewriter.invoke({\"question\": question})\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": better_question}"]
+   "source": [
+    "### Nodes\n\n\ndef retrieve(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Retrieve documents\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): New key added to state, documents, that contains retrieved documents\n    \"\"\"\n    print(\"---RETRIEVE---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n\n    # Retrieval\n    documents = retriever.invoke(question)\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": question}\n\n\ndef generate(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Generate answer\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): New key added to state, generation, that contains LLM generation\n    \"\"\"\n    print(\"---GENERATE---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # RAG generation\n    generation = rag_chain.invoke({\"context\": documents, \"question\": question})\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": question, \"generation\": generation}\n\n\ndef grade_documents(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether the retrieved documents are relevant to the question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): Updates documents key with only filtered relevant documents\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---CHECK DOCUMENT RELEVANCE TO QUESTION---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # Score each doc\n    filtered_docs = []\n    for d in documents:\n        score = retrieval_grader.invoke(\n            {\"question\": question, \"document\": d.page_content}\n        )\n        grade = score.binary_score\n        if grade == \"yes\":\n            print(\"---GRADE: DOCUMENT RELEVANT---\")\n            filtered_docs.append(d)\n        else:\n            print(\"---GRADE: DOCUMENT NOT RELEVANT---\")\n            continue\n    return {\"documents\": filtered_docs, \"question\": question}\n\n\ndef transform_query(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Transform the query to produce a better question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        state (dict): Updates question key with a re-phrased question\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---TRANSFORM QUERY---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    # Re-write question\n    better_question = question_rewriter.invoke({\"question\": question})\n    return {\"documents\": documents, \"question\": better_question}"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -278,7 +370,9 @@
    "id": "09fc91b4",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["### Edges\n\n\ndef decide_to_generate(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether to generate an answer, or re-generate a question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        str: Binary decision for next node to call\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---ASSESS GRADED DOCUMENTS---\")\n    state[\"question\"]\n    filtered_documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    if not filtered_documents:\n        # All documents have been filtered check_relevance\n        # We will re-generate a new query\n        print(\n            \"---DECISION: ALL DOCUMENTS ARE NOT RELEVANT TO QUESTION, TRANSFORM QUERY---\"\n        )\n        return \"transform_query\"\n    else:\n        # We have relevant documents, so generate answer\n        print(\"---DECISION: GENERATE---\")\n        return \"generate\"\n\n\ndef grade_generation_v_documents_and_question(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether the generation is grounded in the document and answers question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        str: Decision for next node to call\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---CHECK HALLUCINATIONS---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n    generation = state[\"generation\"]\n\n    score = hallucination_grader.invoke(\n        {\"documents\": documents, \"generation\": generation}\n    )\n    grade = score.binary_score\n\n    # Check hallucination\n    if grade == \"yes\":\n        print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION IS GROUNDED IN DOCUMENTS---\")\n        # Check question-answering\n        print(\"---GRADE GENERATION vs QUESTION---\")\n        score = answer_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"generation\": generation})\n        grade = score.binary_score\n        if grade == \"yes\":\n            print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION ADDRESSES QUESTION---\")\n            return \"useful\"\n        else:\n            print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION DOES NOT ADDRESS QUESTION---\")\n            return \"not useful\"\n    else:\n        pprint(\"---DECISION: GENERATION IS NOT GROUNDED IN DOCUMENTS, RE-TRY---\")\n        return \"not supported\""]
+   "source": [
+    "### Edges\n\n\ndef decide_to_generate(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether to generate an answer, or re-generate a question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        str: Binary decision for next node to call\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---ASSESS GRADED DOCUMENTS---\")\n    state[\"question\"]\n    filtered_documents = state[\"documents\"]\n\n    if not filtered_documents:\n        # All documents have been filtered check_relevance\n        # We will re-generate a new query\n        print(\n            \"---DECISION: ALL DOCUMENTS ARE NOT RELEVANT TO QUESTION, TRANSFORM QUERY---\"\n        )\n        return \"transform_query\"\n    else:\n        # We have relevant documents, so generate answer\n        print(\"---DECISION: GENERATE---\")\n        return \"generate\"\n\n\ndef grade_generation_v_documents_and_question(state):\n    \"\"\"\n    Determines whether the generation is grounded in the document and answers question.\n\n    Args:\n        state (dict): The current graph state\n\n    Returns:\n        str: Decision for next node to call\n    \"\"\"\n\n    print(\"---CHECK HALLUCINATIONS---\")\n    question = state[\"question\"]\n    documents = state[\"documents\"]\n    generation = state[\"generation\"]\n\n    score = hallucination_grader.invoke(\n        {\"documents\": documents, \"generation\": generation}\n    )\n    grade = score.binary_score\n\n    # Check hallucination\n    if grade == \"yes\":\n        print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION IS GROUNDED IN DOCUMENTS---\")\n        # Check question-answering\n        print(\"---GRADE GENERATION vs QUESTION---\")\n        score = answer_grader.invoke({\"question\": question, \"generation\": generation})\n        grade = score.binary_score\n        if grade == \"yes\":\n            print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION ADDRESSES QUESTION---\")\n            return \"useful\"\n        else:\n            print(\"---DECISION: GENERATION DOES NOT ADDRESS QUESTION---\")\n            return \"not useful\"\n    else:\n        pprint(\"---DECISION: GENERATION IS NOT GROUNDED IN DOCUMENTS, RE-TRY---\")\n        return \"not supported\""
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -331,7 +425,9 @@
      ]
     }
    ],
-   "source": ["from pprint import pprint\n\n# Run\ninputs = {\"question\": \"Movies that star Daniel Craig\"}\nfor output in app.stream(inputs):\n    for key, value in output.items():\n        # Node\n        pprint(f\"Node '{key}':\")\n    pprint(\"\\n---\\n\")\n\n# Final generation\npprint(value[\"generation\"])"]
+   "source": [
+    "from pprint import pprint\n\n# Run\ninputs = {\"question\": \"Movies that star Daniel Craig\"}\nfor output in app.stream(inputs):\n    for key, value in output.items():\n        # Node\n        pprint(f\"Node '{key}':\")\n    pprint(\"\\n---\\n\")\n\n# Final generation\npprint(value[\"generation\"])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -339,7 +435,9 @@
    "id": "4138bc51-8c84-4b8a-8d24-f7f470721f6f",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": ["inputs = {\"question\": \"Which movies are about aliens?\"}\nfor output in app.stream(inputs):\n    for key, value in output.items():\n        # Node\n        pprint(f\"Node '{key}':\")\n    pprint(\"\\n---\\n\")\n\n# Final generation\npprint(value[\"generation\"])"]
+   "source": [
+    "inputs = {\"question\": \"Which movies are about aliens?\"}\nfor output in app.stream(inputs):\n    for key, value in output.items():\n        # Node\n        pprint(f\"Node '{key}':\")\n    pprint(\"\\n---\\n\")\n\n# Final generation\npprint(value[\"generation\"])"
+   ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
@@ -347,7 +445,9 @@
    "id": "42369ab8-322d-434a-b5dd-2266e4cb2903",
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
-   "source": [""]
+   "source": [
+    ""
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {

libs/checkpoint-postgres/README.md

@@ -13,6 +13,20 @@ By default `langgraph-checkpoint-postgres` installs `psycopg` (Psycopg 3) withou
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 > When manually creating Postgres connections and passing them to `PostgresSaver` or `AsyncPostgresSaver`, make sure to include `autocommit=True` and `row_factory=dict_row` (`from psycopg.rows import dict_row`). See a full example in this [how-to guide](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/how-tos/persistence_postgres/).
+>
+> **Why these parameters are required:**
+> - `autocommit=True`: Required for the `.setup()` method to properly commit the checkpoint tables to the database. Without this, table creation may not be persisted.
+> - `row_factory=dict_row`: Required because the PostgresSaver implementation accesses database rows using dictionary-style syntax (e.g., `row["column_name"]`). The default `tuple_row` factory returns tuples that only support index-based access (e.g., `row[0]`), which will cause `TypeError` exceptions when the checkpointer tries to access columns by name.
+>
+> **Example of incorrect usage:**
+> ```python
+> # ❌ This will fail with TypeError during checkpointer operations
+> with psycopg.connect(DB_URI) as conn:  # Missing autocommit=True and row_factory=dict_row
+>     checkpointer = PostgresSaver(conn)
+>     checkpointer.setup()  # May not persist tables properly
+>     # Any operation that reads from database will fail with:
+>     # TypeError: tuple indices must be integers or slices, not str
+> ```
 
 ```python
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
@@ -25,7 +39,7 @@ with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
     # call .setup() the first time you're using the checkpointer
     checkpointer.setup()
     checkpoint = {
-        "v": 2,
+        "v": 4,
         "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
         "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
         "channel_values": {
@@ -47,7 +61,6 @@ with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
             "start:node": 2
             }
         },
-        "pending_sends": [],
     }
 
     # store checkpoint
@@ -67,7 +80,7 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver
 
 async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
     checkpoint = {
-        "v": 2,
+        "v": 4,
         "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
         "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
         "channel_values": {
@@ -89,7 +102,6 @@ async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
             "start:node": 2
             }
         },
-        "pending_sends": [],
     }
 
     # store checkpoint

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import threading
+from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
@@ -20,7 +23,6 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _internal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import ShallowPostgresSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
 
 Conn = _internal.Conn  # For backward compatibility
@@ -34,8 +36,8 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
     def __init__(
         self,
         conn: _internal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[Pipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+        pipe: Pipeline | None = None,
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(serde=serde)
         if isinstance(conn, ConnectionPool) and pipe is not None:
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
     @contextmanager
     def from_conn_string(
         cls, conn_string: str, *, pipeline: bool = False
-    ) -> Iterator["PostgresSaver"]:
+    ) -> Iterator[PostgresSaver]:
         """Create a new PostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
@@ -99,11 +101,11 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
 
     def list(
         self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
         *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
     ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
         """List checkpoints from the database.
 
@@ -143,37 +145,39 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
             query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
         # if we change this to use .stream() we need to make sure to close the cursor
         with self._cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(query, args, binary=True)
-            for value in cur:
-                yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    {
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                            "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    self._load_checkpoint(
-                        value["checkpoint"],
-                        value["channel_values"],
-                        value["pending_sends"],
-                    ),
-                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+            cur.execute(query, args)
+            values = cur.fetchall()
+            if not values:
+                return
+            # migrate pending sends if necessary
+            if to_migrate := [
+                v
+                for v in values
+                if v["checkpoint"]["v"] < 4 and v["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+            ]:
+                cur.execute(
+                    self.SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL,
                     (
-                        {
-                            "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                                "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                                "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
-                        else None
+                        values[0]["thread_id"],
+                        [v["parent_checkpoint_id"] for v in to_migrate],
                     ),
-                    self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
                 )
+                grouped_by_parent = defaultdict(list)
+                for value in to_migrate:
+                    grouped_by_parent[value["parent_checkpoint_id"]].append(value)
+                for sends in cur:
+                    for value in grouped_by_parent[sends["checkpoint_id"]]:
+                        if value["channel_values"] is None:
+                            value["channel_values"] = []
+                        self._migrate_pending_sends(
+                            sends["sends"],
+                            value["checkpoint"],
+                            value["channel_values"],
+                        )
+            for value in values:
+                yield self._load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
 
-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -222,37 +226,27 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
             cur.execute(
                 self.SELECT_SQL + where,
                 args,
-                binary=True,
             )
+            value = cur.fetchone()
+            if value is None:
+                return None
 
-            for value in cur:
-                return CheckpointTuple(
-                    {
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    self._load_checkpoint(
+            # migrate pending sends if necessary
+            if value["checkpoint"]["v"] < 4 and value["parent_checkpoint_id"]:
+                cur.execute(
+                    self.SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL,
+                    (thread_id, [value["parent_checkpoint_id"]]),
+                )
+                if sends := cur.fetchone():
+                    if value["channel_values"] is None:
+                        value["channel_values"] = []
+                    self._migrate_pending_sends(
+                        sends["sends"],
                         value["checkpoint"],
                         value["channel_values"],
-                        value["pending_sends"],
-                    ),
-                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    (
-                        {
-                            "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": thread_id,
-                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                                "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
-                        else None
-                    ),
-                    self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
-                )
+                    )
+
+            return self._load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
 
     def put(
         self,
@@ -319,8 +313,8 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                     checkpoint_ns,
                     checkpoint["id"],
                     checkpoint_id,
-                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
-                    self._dump_metadata(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(copy),
+                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                 ),
             )
         return next_config
@@ -391,7 +385,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 Will be applied regardless of whether the PostgresSaver instance was initialized with a pipeline.
                 If pipeline mode is not supported, will fall back to using transaction context manager.
         """
-        with _internal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
+        with self.lock, _internal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
             if self.pipe:
                 # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
                 # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
@@ -407,7 +401,6 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
                 if self.supports_pipeline:
                     with (
-                        self.lock,
                         conn.pipeline(),
                         conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
                     ):
@@ -415,14 +408,52 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 else:
                     # Use connection's transaction context manager when pipeline mode not supported
                     with (
-                        self.lock,
                         conn.transaction(),
                         conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
                     ):
                         yield cur
             else:
-                with self.lock, conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
+                with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
                     yield cur
 
+    def _load_checkpoint_tuple(self, value: DictRow) -> CheckpointTuple:
+        """
+        Convert a database row into a CheckpointTuple object.
 
-__all__ = ["PostgresSaver", "BasePostgresSaver", "ShallowPostgresSaver", "Conn"]
+        Args:
+            value: A row from the database containing checkpoint data.
+
+        Returns:
+            CheckpointTuple: A structured representation of the checkpoint,
+            including its configuration, metadata, parent checkpoint (if any),
+            and pending writes.
+        """
+        return CheckpointTuple(
+            {
+                "configurable": {
+                    "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                    "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                    "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                **value["checkpoint"],
+                "channel_values": self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
+            },
+            value["metadata"],
+            (
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                }
+                if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                else None
+            ),
+            self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
+        )
+
+
+__all__ = ["PostgresSaver", "BasePostgresSaver", "Conn"]

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/aio.py

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
+from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
@@ -20,7 +23,6 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import AsyncShallowPostgresSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
 
 Conn = _ainternal.Conn  # For backward compatibility
@@ -34,8 +36,8 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
     def __init__(
         self,
         conn: _ainternal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[AsyncPipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+        pipe: AsyncPipeline | None = None,
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(serde=serde)
         if isinstance(conn, AsyncConnectionPool) and pipe is not None:
@@ -56,8 +58,8 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
         conn_string: str,
         *,
         pipeline: bool = False,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
-    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncPostgresSaver"]:
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncPostgresSaver]:
         """Create a new AsyncPostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
@@ -104,11 +106,11 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
 
     async def alist(
         self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
         *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
     ) -> AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]:
         """List checkpoints from the database asynchronously.
 
@@ -131,37 +133,38 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
         # if we change this to use .stream() we need to make sure to close the cursor
         async with self._cursor() as cur:
             await cur.execute(query, args, binary=True)
-            async for value in cur:
-                yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    {
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                            "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    await asyncio.to_thread(
-                        self._load_checkpoint,
-                        value["checkpoint"],
-                        value["channel_values"],
-                        value["pending_sends"],
-                    ),
-                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
+            values = await cur.fetchall()
+            if not values:
+                return
+            # migrate pending sends if necessary
+            if to_migrate := [
+                v
+                for v in values
+                if v["checkpoint"]["v"] < 4 and v["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+            ]:
+                await cur.execute(
+                    self.SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL,
                     (
-                        {
-                            "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                                "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                                "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
-                        else None
+                        values[0]["thread_id"],
+                        [v["parent_checkpoint_id"] for v in to_migrate],
                     ),
-                    await asyncio.to_thread(self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]),
                 )
+                grouped_by_parent = defaultdict(list)
+                for value in to_migrate:
+                    grouped_by_parent[value["parent_checkpoint_id"]].append(value)
+                async for sends in cur:
+                    for value in grouped_by_parent[sends["checkpoint_id"]]:
+                        if value["channel_values"] is None:
+                            value["channel_values"] = []
+                        self._migrate_pending_sends(
+                            sends["sends"],
+                            value["checkpoint"],
+                            value["channel_values"],
+                        )
+            for value in values:
+                yield await self._load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
 
-    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -191,36 +194,26 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 args,
                 binary=True,
             )
+            value = await cur.fetchone()
+            if value is None:
+                return None
 
-            async for value in cur:
-                return CheckpointTuple(
-                    {
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                            "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    await asyncio.to_thread(
-                        self._load_checkpoint,
+            # migrate pending sends if necessary
+            if value["checkpoint"]["v"] < 4 and value["parent_checkpoint_id"]:
+                await cur.execute(
+                    self.SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL,
+                    (thread_id, [value["parent_checkpoint_id"]]),
+                )
+                if sends := await cur.fetchone():
+                    if value["channel_values"] is None:
+                        value["channel_values"] = []
+                    self._migrate_pending_sends(
+                        sends["sends"],
                         value["checkpoint"],
                         value["channel_values"],
-                        value["pending_sends"],
-                    ),
-                    self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    (
-                        {
-                            "configurable": {
-                                "thread_id": thread_id,
-                                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                                "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
-                        else None
-                    ),
-                    await asyncio.to_thread(self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]),
-                )
+                    )
+
+            return await self._load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
 
     async def aput(
         self,
@@ -277,8 +270,8 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                     checkpoint_ns,
                     checkpoint["id"],
                     checkpoint_id,
-                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
-                    self._dump_metadata(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(copy),
+                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                 ),
             )
         return next_config
@@ -350,7 +343,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 Will be applied regardless of whether the AsyncPostgresSaver instance was initialized with a pipeline.
                 If pipeline mode is not supported, will fall back to using transaction context manager.
         """
-        async with _ainternal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
+        async with self.lock, _ainternal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
             if self.pipe:
                 # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
                 # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
@@ -366,7 +359,6 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
                 if self.supports_pipeline:
                     async with (
-                        self.lock,
                         conn.pipeline(),
                         conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
                     ):
@@ -374,25 +366,60 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 else:
                     # Use connection's transaction context manager when pipeline mode not supported
                     async with (
-                        self.lock,
                         conn.transaction(),
                         conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
                     ):
                         yield cur
             else:
-                async with (
-                    self.lock,
-                    conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                ):
+                async with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
                     yield cur
 
+    async def _load_checkpoint_tuple(self, value: DictRow) -> CheckpointTuple:
+        """
+        Convert a database row into a CheckpointTuple object.
+
+        Args:
+            value: A row from the database containing checkpoint data.
+
+        Returns:
+            CheckpointTuple: A structured representation of the checkpoint,
+            including its configuration, metadata, parent checkpoint (if any),
+            and pending writes.
+        """
+        return CheckpointTuple(
+            {
+                "configurable": {
+                    "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                    "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                    "checkpoint_id": value["checkpoint_id"],
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                **value["checkpoint"],
+                "channel_values": self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
+            },
+            value["metadata"],
+            (
+                {
+                    "configurable": {
+                        "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
+                        "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
+                        "checkpoint_id": value["parent_checkpoint_id"],
+                    }
+                }
+                if value["parent_checkpoint_id"]
+                else None
+            ),
+            await asyncio.to_thread(self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]),
+        )
+
     def list(
         self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
         *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
     ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
         """List checkpoints from the database.
 
@@ -430,7 +457,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
             except StopAsyncIteration:
                 break
 
-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
 
         This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -532,4 +559,4 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
         ).result()
 
 
-__all__ = ["AsyncPostgresSaver", "AsyncShallowPostgresSaver", "Conn"]
+__all__ = ["AsyncPostgresSaver", "Conn"]

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/base.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import random
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Any, Optional, cast
@@ -9,12 +11,9 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     WRITES_IDX_MAP,
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
     ChannelVersions,
-    Checkpoint,
-    CheckpointMetadata,
     get_checkpoint_id,
 )
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS, ChannelProtocol
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
 
 MetadataInput = Optional[dict[str, Any]]
 
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ MIGRATIONS = [
     """ALTER TABLE checkpoint_writes ADD COLUMN task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '';""",
 ]
 
-SELECT_SQL = f"""
+SELECT_SQL = """
 select
     thread_id,
     checkpoint,
@@ -96,17 +95,20 @@ select
         where cw.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
             and cw.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
             and cw.checkpoint_id = checkpoints.checkpoint_id
-    ) as pending_writes,
-    (
-        select array_agg(array[cw.type::bytea, cw.blob] order by cw.task_path, cw.task_id, cw.idx)
-        from checkpoint_writes cw
-        where cw.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
-            and cw.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
-            and cw.checkpoint_id = checkpoints.parent_checkpoint_id
-            and cw.channel = '{TASKS}'
-    ) as pending_sends
+    ) as pending_writes
 from checkpoints """
 
+SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL = f"""
+select
+    checkpoint_id,
+    array_agg(array[type::bytea, blob] order by task_path, task_id, idx) as sends
+from checkpoint_writes
+where thread_id = %s
+    and checkpoint_id = any(%s)
+    and channel = '{TASKS}'
+group by checkpoint_id
+"""
+
 UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = """
     INSERT INTO checkpoint_blobs (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, version, type, blob)
     VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
@@ -140,31 +142,34 @@ INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = """
 
 class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
     SELECT_SQL = SELECT_SQL
+    SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL = SELECT_PENDING_SENDS_SQL
     MIGRATIONS = MIGRATIONS
     UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL
     UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL
     UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
     INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
 
-    jsonplus_serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
     supports_pipeline: bool
 
-    def _load_checkpoint(
+    def _migrate_pending_sends(
         self,
+        pending_sends: list[tuple[bytes, bytes]],
         checkpoint: dict[str, Any],
         channel_values: list[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]],
-        pending_sends: list[tuple[bytes, bytes]],
-    ) -> Checkpoint:
-        return {
-            **checkpoint,
-            "pending_sends": [
-                self.serde.loads_typed((c.decode(), b)) for c, b in pending_sends or []
-            ],
-            "channel_values": self._load_blobs(channel_values),
-        }
-
-    def _dump_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: Checkpoint) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        return {**checkpoint, "pending_sends": []}
+    ) -> None:
+        if not pending_sends:
+            return
+        # add to values
+        enc, blob = self.serde.dumps_typed(
+            [self.serde.loads_typed((c.decode(), b)) for c, b in pending_sends],
+        )
+        channel_values.append((TASKS.encode(), enc.encode(), blob))
+        # add to versions
+        checkpoint["channel_versions"][TASKS] = (
+            max(checkpoint["channel_versions"].values())
+            if checkpoint["channel_versions"]
+            else self.get_next_version(None)
+        )
 
     def _load_blobs(
         self, blob_values: list[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]]
@@ -183,7 +188,7 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
         checkpoint_ns: str,
         values: dict[str, Any],
         versions: ChannelVersions,
-    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, str, Optional[bytes]]]:
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, str, bytes | None]]:
         if not versions:
             return []
 
@@ -241,15 +246,7 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             for idx, (channel, value) in enumerate(writes)
         ]
 
-    def _load_metadata(self, metadata: dict[str, Any]) -> CheckpointMetadata:
-        return self.jsonplus_serde.loads(self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(metadata))
-
-    def _dump_metadata(self, metadata: CheckpointMetadata) -> str:
-        serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(metadata)
-        # NOTE: we're using JSON serializer (not msgpack), so we need to remove null characters before writing
-        return serialized_metadata.decode().replace("\\u0000", "")
-
-    def get_next_version(self, current: Optional[str], channel: ChannelProtocol) -> str:
+    def get_next_version(self, current: str | None) -> str:
         if current is None:
             current_v = 0
         elif isinstance(current, int):
@@ -262,9 +259,9 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
 
     def _search_where(
         self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
         filter: MetadataInput,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
     ) -> tuple[str, list[Any]]:
         """Return WHERE clause predicates for alist() given config, filter, before.
 

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/shallow.py

@@ -1,941 +0,0 @@
-import asyncio
-import threading
-import warnings
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
-from contextlib import asynccontextmanager, contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Optional
-
-from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg import (
-    AsyncConnection,
-    AsyncCursor,
-    AsyncPipeline,
-    Capabilities,
-    Connection,
-    Cursor,
-    Pipeline,
-)
-from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
-from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
-from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool, ConnectionPool
-
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
-    ChannelVersions,
-    Checkpoint,
-    CheckpointMetadata,
-    CheckpointTuple,
-    get_checkpoint_metadata,
-)
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal, _internal
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
-
-"""
-To add a new migration, add a new string to the MIGRATIONS list.
-The position of the migration in the list is the version number.
-"""
-MIGRATIONS = [
-    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_migrations (
-    v INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
-);""",
-    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints (
-    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
-    type TEXT,
-    checkpoint JSONB NOT NULL,
-    metadata JSONB NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
-    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
-);""",
-    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_blobs (
-    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
-    channel TEXT NOT NULL,
-    type TEXT NOT NULL,
-    blob BYTEA,
-    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel)
-);""",
-    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_writes (
-    thread_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    checkpoint_ns TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
-    checkpoint_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    task_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    idx INTEGER NOT NULL,
-    channel TEXT NOT NULL,
-    type TEXT,
-    blob BYTEA NOT NULL,
-    PRIMARY KEY (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx)
-);""",
-    """
-    CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints_thread_id_idx ON checkpoints(thread_id);
-    """,
-    """
-    CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_blobs_thread_id_idx ON checkpoint_blobs(thread_id);
-    """,
-    """
-    CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS checkpoint_writes_thread_id_idx ON checkpoint_writes(thread_id);
-    """,
-    """
-    ALTER TABLE checkpoint_writes ADD COLUMN task_path TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '';
-    """,
-]
-
-SELECT_SQL = f"""
-select
-    thread_id,
-    checkpoint,
-    checkpoint_ns,
-    metadata,
-    (
-        select array_agg(array[bl.channel::bytea, bl.type::bytea, bl.blob])
-        from jsonb_each_text(checkpoint -> 'channel_versions')
-        inner join checkpoint_blobs bl
-            on bl.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
-            and bl.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
-            and bl.channel = jsonb_each_text.key
-    ) as channel_values,
-    (
-        select
-        array_agg(array[cw.task_id::text::bytea, cw.channel::bytea, cw.type::bytea, cw.blob] order by cw.task_id, cw.idx)
-        from checkpoint_writes cw
-        where cw.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
-            and cw.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
-            and cw.checkpoint_id = (checkpoint->>'id')
-    ) as pending_writes,
-    (
-        select array_agg(array[cw.type::bytea, cw.blob] order by cw.task_path, cw.task_id, cw.idx)
-        from checkpoint_writes cw
-        where cw.thread_id = checkpoints.thread_id
-            and cw.checkpoint_ns = checkpoints.checkpoint_ns
-            and cw.channel = '{TASKS}'
-    ) as pending_sends
-from checkpoints """
-
-UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = """
-    INSERT INTO checkpoint_blobs (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, type, blob)
-    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
-    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel) DO UPDATE SET
-        type = EXCLUDED.type,
-        blob = EXCLUDED.blob;
-"""
-
-UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = """
-    INSERT INTO checkpoints (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint, metadata)
-    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)
-    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
-    DO UPDATE SET
-        checkpoint = EXCLUDED.checkpoint,
-        metadata = EXCLUDED.metadata;
-"""
-
-UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = """
-    INSERT INTO checkpoint_writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, blob)
-    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
-    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx) DO UPDATE SET
-        channel = EXCLUDED.channel,
-        type = EXCLUDED.type,
-        blob = EXCLUDED.blob;
-"""
-
-INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = """
-    INSERT INTO checkpoint_writes (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, task_path, idx, channel, type, blob)
-    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
-    ON CONFLICT (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, task_id, idx) DO NOTHING
-"""
-
-
-def _dump_blobs(
-    serde: SerializerProtocol,
-    thread_id: str,
-    checkpoint_ns: str,
-    values: dict[str, Any],
-    versions: ChannelVersions,
-) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, Optional[bytes]]]:
-    if not versions:
-        return []
-
-    return [
-        (
-            thread_id,
-            checkpoint_ns,
-            k,
-            *(serde.dumps_typed(values[k]) if k in values else ("empty", None)),
-        )
-        for k in versions
-    ]
-
-
-class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
-    """A checkpoint saver that uses Postgres to store checkpoints.
-
-    This checkpointer ONLY stores the most recent checkpoint and does NOT retain any history.
-    It is meant to be a light-weight drop-in replacement for the PostgresSaver that
-    supports most of the LangGraph persistence functionality with the exception of time travel.
-    """
-
-    SELECT_SQL = SELECT_SQL
-    MIGRATIONS = MIGRATIONS
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-    INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-
-    lock: threading.Lock
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        conn: _internal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[Pipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        warnings.warn(
-            "ShallowPostgresSaver is deprecated as of version 2.0.20 and will be removed in 3.0.0. "
-            "Use PostgresSaver instead, and invoke the graph with `graph.invoke(..., checkpoint_during=False)`.",
-            DeprecationWarning,
-            stacklevel=2,
-        )
-        super().__init__(serde=serde)
-        if isinstance(conn, ConnectionPool) and pipe is not None:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "Pipeline should be used only with a single Connection, not ConnectionPool."
-            )
-
-        self.conn = conn
-        self.pipe = pipe
-        self.lock = threading.Lock()
-        self.supports_pipeline = Capabilities().has_pipeline()
-
-    @classmethod
-    @contextmanager
-    def from_conn_string(
-        cls, conn_string: str, *, pipeline: bool = False
-    ) -> Iterator["ShallowPostgresSaver"]:
-        """Create a new ShallowPostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
-
-        Args:
-            conn_string: The Postgres connection info string.
-            pipeline: whether to use Pipeline
-
-        Returns:
-            ShallowPostgresSaver: A new ShallowPostgresSaver instance.
-        """
-        with Connection.connect(
-            conn_string, autocommit=True, prepare_threshold=0, row_factory=dict_row
-        ) as conn:
-            if pipeline:
-                with conn.pipeline() as pipe:
-                    yield cls(conn, pipe)
-            else:
-                yield cls(conn)
-
-    def setup(self) -> None:
-        """Set up the checkpoint database asynchronously.
-
-        This method creates the necessary tables in the Postgres database if they don't
-        already exist and runs database migrations. It MUST be called directly by the user
-        the first time checkpointer is used.
-        """
-        with self._cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(self.MIGRATIONS[0])
-            results = cur.execute(
-                "SELECT v FROM checkpoint_migrations ORDER BY v DESC LIMIT 1"
-            )
-            row = results.fetchone()
-            if row is None:
-                version = -1
-            else:
-                version = row["v"]
-            for v, migration in zip(
-                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
-                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
-            ):
-                cur.execute(migration)
-                cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
-        if self.pipe:
-            self.pipe.sync()
-
-    def list(
-        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
-        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-    ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """List checkpoints from the database.
-
-        This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the Postgres database based
-        on the provided config. For ShallowPostgresSaver, this method returns a list with
-        ONLY the most recent checkpoint.
-        """
-        where, args = self._search_where(config, filter, before)
-        query = self.SELECT_SQL + where
-        if limit:
-            query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
-        with self._cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(self.SELECT_SQL + where, args, binary=True)
-            for value in cur:
-                checkpoint = self._load_checkpoint(
-                    value["checkpoint"],
-                    value["channel_values"],
-                    value["pending_sends"],
-                )
-                yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                            "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    checkpoint=checkpoint,
-                    metadata=self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    pending_writes=self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
-                )
-
-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
-
-        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config (matching the thread ID in the config).
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.
-
-        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
-
-        Examples:
-
-            Basic:
-            >>> config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
-            >>> checkpoint_tuple = memory.get_tuple(config)
-            >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
-            CheckpointTuple(...)
-
-            With timestamp:
-
-            >>> config = {
-            ...    "configurable": {
-            ...        "thread_id": "1",
-            ...        "checkpoint_ns": "",
-            ...        "checkpoint_id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
-            ...    }
-            ... }
-            >>> checkpoint_tuple = memory.get_tuple(config)
-            >>> print(checkpoint_tuple)
-            CheckpointTuple(...)
-        """  # noqa
-        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
-        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
-        args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
-        where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s"
-
-        with self._cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(
-                self.SELECT_SQL + where,
-                args,
-                binary=True,
-            )
-
-            for value in cur:
-                checkpoint = self._load_checkpoint(
-                    value["checkpoint"],
-                    value["channel_values"],
-                    value["pending_sends"],
-                )
-                return CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    checkpoint=checkpoint,
-                    metadata=self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    pending_writes=self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
-                )
-
-    def put(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        checkpoint: Checkpoint,
-        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
-        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
-    ) -> RunnableConfig:
-        """Save a checkpoint to the database.
-
-        This method saves a checkpoint to the Postgres database. The checkpoint is associated
-        with the provided config. For ShallowPostgresSaver, this method saves ONLY the most recent
-        checkpoint and overwrites a previous checkpoint, if it exists.
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to associate with the checkpoint.
-            checkpoint: The checkpoint to save.
-            metadata: Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
-            new_versions: New channel versions as of this write.
-
-        Returns:
-            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
-
-        Examples:
-
-            >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import ShallowPostgresSaver
-            >>> DB_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
-            >>> with ShallowPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as memory:
-            >>>     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
-            >>>     checkpoint = {"ts": "2024-05-04T06:32:42.235444+00:00", "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875", "channel_values": {"key": "value"}}
-            >>>     saved_config = memory.put(config, checkpoint, {"source": "input", "step": 1, "writes": {"key": "value"}}, {})
-            >>> print(saved_config)
-            {'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875'}}
-        """
-        configurable = config["configurable"].copy()
-        thread_id = configurable.pop("thread_id")
-        checkpoint_ns = configurable.pop("checkpoint_ns")
-
-        copy = checkpoint.copy()
-        next_config = {
-            "configurable": {
-                "thread_id": thread_id,
-                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-            }
-        }
-
-        with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
-            cur.execute(
-                """DELETE FROM checkpoint_writes
-                WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND checkpoint_id NOT IN (%s, %s)""",
-                (
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    checkpoint["id"],
-                    configurable.get("checkpoint_id", ""),
-                ),
-            )
-            cur.executemany(
-                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL,
-                _dump_blobs(
-                    self.serde,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    copy.pop("channel_values"),  # type: ignore[misc]
-                    new_versions,
-                ),
-            )
-            cur.execute(
-                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL,
-                (
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
-                    self._dump_metadata(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
-                ),
-            )
-        return next_config
-
-    def put_writes(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        writes: Sequence[tuple[str, Any]],
-        task_id: str,
-        task_path: str = "",
-    ) -> None:
-        """Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint.
-
-        This method saves intermediate writes associated with a checkpoint to the Postgres database.
-
-        Args:
-            config: Configuration of the related checkpoint.
-            writes: List of writes to store.
-            task_id: Identifier for the task creating the writes.
-        """
-        query = (
-            self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-            if all(w[0] in WRITES_IDX_MAP for w in writes)
-            else self.INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-        )
-        with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
-            cur.executemany(
-                query,
-                self._dump_writes(
-                    config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
-                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"],
-                    config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"],
-                    task_id,
-                    task_path,
-                    writes,
-                ),
-            )
-
-    @contextmanager
-    def _cursor(self, *, pipeline: bool = False) -> Iterator[Cursor[DictRow]]:
-        """Create a database cursor as a context manager.
-
-        Args:
-            pipeline: whether to use pipeline for the DB operations inside the context manager.
-                Will be applied regardless of whether the ShallowPostgresSaver instance was initialized with a pipeline.
-                If pipeline mode is not supported, will fall back to using transaction context manager.
-        """
-        with _internal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
-            if self.pipe:
-                # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
-                # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
-                # used at a time
-                try:
-                    with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
-                        yield cur
-                finally:
-                    if pipeline:
-                        self.pipe.sync()
-            elif pipeline:
-                # a connection not in pipeline mode can only be used by one
-                # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
-                if self.supports_pipeline:
-                    with (
-                        self.lock,
-                        conn.pipeline(),
-                        conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                    ):
-                        yield cur
-                else:
-                    # Use connection's transaction context manager when pipeline mode not supported
-                    with (
-                        self.lock,
-                        conn.transaction(),
-                        conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                    ):
-                        yield cur
-            else:
-                with self.lock, conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
-                    yield cur
-
-
-class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
-    """A checkpoint saver that uses Postgres to store checkpoints asynchronously.
-
-    This checkpointer ONLY stores the most recent checkpoint and does NOT retain any history.
-    It is meant to be a light-weight drop-in replacement for the AsyncPostgresSaver that
-    supports most of the LangGraph persistence functionality with the exception of time travel.
-    """
-
-    SELECT_SQL = SELECT_SQL
-    MIGRATIONS = MIGRATIONS
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL
-    UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-    INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-    lock: asyncio.Lock
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        conn: _ainternal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[AsyncPipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        warnings.warn(
-            "AsyncShallowPostgresSaver is deprecated as of version 2.0.20 and will be removed in 3.0.0. "
-            "Use AsyncPostgresSaver instead, and invoke the graph with `await graph.ainvoke(..., checkpoint_during=False)`.",
-            DeprecationWarning,
-            stacklevel=2,
-        )
-        super().__init__(serde=serde)
-        if isinstance(conn, AsyncConnectionPool) and pipe is not None:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "Pipeline should be used only with a single AsyncConnection, not AsyncConnectionPool."
-            )
-
-        self.conn = conn
-        self.pipe = pipe
-        self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
-        self.loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
-        self.supports_pipeline = Capabilities().has_pipeline()
-
-    @classmethod
-    @asynccontextmanager
-    async def from_conn_string(
-        cls,
-        conn_string: str,
-        *,
-        pipeline: bool = False,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
-    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncShallowPostgresSaver"]:
-        """Create a new AsyncShallowPostgresSaver instance from a connection string.
-
-        Args:
-            conn_string: The Postgres connection info string.
-            pipeline: whether to use AsyncPipeline
-
-        Returns:
-            AsyncShallowPostgresSaver: A new AsyncShallowPostgresSaver instance.
-        """
-        async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
-            conn_string, autocommit=True, prepare_threshold=0, row_factory=dict_row
-        ) as conn:
-            if pipeline:
-                async with conn.pipeline() as pipe:
-                    yield cls(conn=conn, pipe=pipe, serde=serde)
-            else:
-                yield cls(conn=conn, serde=serde)
-
-    async def setup(self) -> None:
-        """Set up the checkpoint database asynchronously.
-
-        This method creates the necessary tables in the Postgres database if they don't
-        already exist and runs database migrations. It MUST be called directly by the user
-        the first time checkpointer is used.
-        """
-        async with self._cursor() as cur:
-            await cur.execute(self.MIGRATIONS[0])
-            results = await cur.execute(
-                "SELECT v FROM checkpoint_migrations ORDER BY v DESC LIMIT 1"
-            )
-            row = await results.fetchone()
-            if row is None:
-                version = -1
-            else:
-                version = row["v"]
-            for v, migration in zip(
-                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
-                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
-            ):
-                await cur.execute(migration)
-                await cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
-        if self.pipe:
-            await self.pipe.sync()
-
-    async def alist(
-        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
-        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-    ) -> AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """List checkpoints from the database asynchronously.
-
-        This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the Postgres database based
-        on the provided config. For ShallowPostgresSaver, this method returns a list with
-        ONLY the most recent checkpoint.
-        """
-        where, args = self._search_where(config, filter, before)
-        query = self.SELECT_SQL + where
-        if limit:
-            query += f" LIMIT {limit}"
-        async with self._cursor() as cur:
-            await cur.execute(self.SELECT_SQL + where, args, binary=True)
-            async for value in cur:
-                checkpoint = await asyncio.to_thread(
-                    self._load_checkpoint,
-                    value["checkpoint"],
-                    value["channel_values"],
-                    value["pending_sends"],
-                )
-                yield CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": value["thread_id"],
-                            "checkpoint_ns": value["checkpoint_ns"],
-                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    checkpoint=checkpoint,
-                    metadata=self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    pending_writes=await asyncio.to_thread(
-                        self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]
-                    ),
-                )
-
-    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.
-
-        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config (matching the thread ID in the config).
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.
-
-        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
-        """
-        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
-        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
-        args = (thread_id, checkpoint_ns)
-        where = "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s"
-
-        async with self._cursor() as cur:
-            await cur.execute(
-                self.SELECT_SQL + where,
-                args,
-                binary=True,
-            )
-
-            async for value in cur:
-                checkpoint = await asyncio.to_thread(
-                    self._load_checkpoint,
-                    value["checkpoint"],
-                    value["channel_values"],
-                    value["pending_sends"],
-                )
-                return CheckpointTuple(
-                    config={
-                        "configurable": {
-                            "thread_id": thread_id,
-                            "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                            "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-                        }
-                    },
-                    checkpoint=checkpoint,
-                    metadata=self._load_metadata(value["metadata"]),
-                    pending_writes=await asyncio.to_thread(
-                        self._load_writes, value["pending_writes"]
-                    ),
-                )
-
-    async def aput(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        checkpoint: Checkpoint,
-        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
-        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
-    ) -> RunnableConfig:
-        """Save a checkpoint to the database asynchronously.
-
-        This method saves a checkpoint to the Postgres database. The checkpoint is associated
-        with the provided config. For AsyncShallowPostgresSaver, this method saves ONLY the most recent
-        checkpoint and overwrites a previous checkpoint, if it exists.
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to associate with the checkpoint.
-            checkpoint: The checkpoint to save.
-            metadata: Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
-            new_versions: New channel versions as of this write.
-
-        Returns:
-            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
-        """
-        configurable = config["configurable"].copy()
-        thread_id = configurable.pop("thread_id")
-        checkpoint_ns = configurable.pop("checkpoint_ns")
-
-        copy = checkpoint.copy()
-        next_config = {
-            "configurable": {
-                "thread_id": thread_id,
-                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
-                "checkpoint_id": checkpoint["id"],
-            }
-        }
-
-        async with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
-            await cur.execute(
-                """DELETE FROM checkpoint_writes
-                WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND checkpoint_id NOT IN (%s, %s)""",
-                (
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    checkpoint["id"],
-                    configurable.get("checkpoint_id", ""),
-                ),
-            )
-            await cur.executemany(
-                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_BLOBS_SQL,
-                _dump_blobs(
-                    self.serde,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    copy.pop("channel_values"),  # type: ignore[misc]
-                    new_versions,
-                ),
-            )
-            await cur.execute(
-                self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINTS_SQL,
-                (
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    Jsonb(self._dump_checkpoint(copy)),
-                    self._dump_metadata(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
-                ),
-            )
-        return next_config
-
-    async def aput_writes(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        writes: Sequence[tuple[str, Any]],
-        task_id: str,
-        task_path: str = "",
-    ) -> None:
-        """Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint asynchronously.
-
-        This method saves intermediate writes associated with a checkpoint to the database.
-
-        Args:
-            config: Configuration of the related checkpoint.
-            writes: List of writes to store, each as (channel, value) pair.
-            task_id: Identifier for the task creating the writes.
-        """
-        query = (
-            self.UPSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-            if all(w[0] in WRITES_IDX_MAP for w in writes)
-            else self.INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL
-        )
-        params = await asyncio.to_thread(
-            self._dump_writes,
-            config["configurable"]["thread_id"],
-            config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"],
-            config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"],
-            task_id,
-            task_path,
-            writes,
-        )
-        async with self._cursor(pipeline=True) as cur:
-            await cur.executemany(query, params)
-
-    @asynccontextmanager
-    async def _cursor(
-        self, *, pipeline: bool = False
-    ) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncCursor[DictRow]]:
-        """Create a database cursor as a context manager.
-
-        Args:
-            pipeline: whether to use pipeline for the DB operations inside the context manager.
-                Will be applied regardless of whether the AsyncShallowPostgresSaver instance was initialized with a pipeline.
-                If pipeline mode is not supported, will fall back to using transaction context manager.
-        """
-        async with _ainternal.get_connection(self.conn) as conn:
-            if self.pipe:
-                # a connection in pipeline mode can be used concurrently
-                # in multiple threads/coroutines, but only one cursor can be
-                # used at a time
-                try:
-                    async with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
-                        yield cur
-                finally:
-                    if pipeline:
-                        await self.pipe.sync()
-            elif pipeline:
-                # a connection not in pipeline mode can only be used by one
-                # thread/coroutine at a time, so we acquire a lock
-                if self.supports_pipeline:
-                    async with (
-                        self.lock,
-                        conn.pipeline(),
-                        conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                    ):
-                        yield cur
-                else:
-                    # Use connection's transaction context manager when pipeline mode not supported
-                    async with (
-                        self.lock,
-                        conn.transaction(),
-                        conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                    ):
-                        yield cur
-            else:
-                async with (
-                    self.lock,
-                    conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur,
-                ):
-                    yield cur
-
-    def list(
-        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
-        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-    ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """List checkpoints from the database.
-
-        This method retrieves a list of checkpoint tuples from the Postgres database based
-        on the provided config. For ShallowPostgresSaver, this method returns a list with
-        ONLY the most recent checkpoint.
-        """
-        aiter_ = self.alist(config, filter=filter, before=before, limit=limit)
-        while True:
-            try:
-                yield asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
-                    anext(aiter_),  # noqa: F821
-                    self.loop,
-                ).result()
-            except StopAsyncIteration:
-                break
-
-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.
-
-        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config (matching the thread ID in the config).
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.
-
-        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
-        """
-        try:
-            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
-            # we don't check in other methods to avoid the overhead
-            if asyncio.get_running_loop() is self.loop:
-                raise asyncio.InvalidStateError(
-                    "Synchronous calls to AsyncShallowPostgresSaver are only allowed from a "
-                    "different thread. From the main thread, use the async interface."
-                    "For example, use `await checkpointer.aget_tuple(...)` or `await "
-                    "graph.ainvoke(...)`."
-                )
-        except RuntimeError:
-            pass
-        return asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
-            self.aget_tuple(config), self.loop
-        ).result()
-
-    def put(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        checkpoint: Checkpoint,
-        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
-        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
-    ) -> RunnableConfig:
-        """Save a checkpoint to the database.
-
-        This method saves a checkpoint to the Postgres database. The checkpoint is associated
-        with the provided config. For AsyncShallowPostgresSaver, this method saves ONLY the most recent
-        checkpoint and overwrites a previous checkpoint, if it exists.
-
-        Args:
-            config: The config to associate with the checkpoint.
-            checkpoint: The checkpoint to save.
-            metadata: Additional metadata to save with the checkpoint.
-            new_versions: New channel versions as of this write.
-
-        Returns:
-            RunnableConfig: Updated configuration after storing the checkpoint.
-        """
-        return asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
-            self.aput(config, checkpoint, metadata, new_versions), self.loop
-        ).result()
-
-    def put_writes(
-        self,
-        config: RunnableConfig,
-        writes: Sequence[tuple[str, Any]],
-        task_id: str,
-        task_path: str = "",
-    ) -> None:
-        """Store intermediate writes linked to a checkpoint.
-
-        This method saves intermediate writes associated with a checkpoint to the database.
-
-        Args:
-            config: Configuration of the related checkpoint.
-            writes: List of writes to store, each as (channel, value) pair.
-            task_id: Identifier for the task creating the writes.
-            task_path: Path of the task creating the writes.
-        """
-        return asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
-            self.aput_writes(config, writes, task_id, task_path), self.loop
-        ).result()

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/store/postgres/aio.py

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import logging
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterable, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, Callable, cast
 
 import orjson
 from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
@@ -132,12 +134,10 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
         self,
         conn: _ainternal.Conn,
         *,
-        pipe: Optional[AsyncPipeline] = None,
-        deserializer: Optional[
-            Callable[[Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]], dict[str, Any]]
-        ] = None,
-        index: Optional[PostgresIndexConfig] = None,
-        ttl: Optional[TTLConfig] = None,
+        pipe: AsyncPipeline | None = None,
+        deserializer: Callable[[bytes | orjson.Fragment], dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
+        index: PostgresIndexConfig | None = None,
+        ttl: TTLConfig | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         if isinstance(conn, AsyncConnectionPool) and pipe is not None:
             raise ValueError(
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
             self.embeddings = None
 
         self.ttl_config = ttl
-        self._ttl_sweeper_task: Optional[asyncio.Task[None]] = None
+        self._ttl_sweeper_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
         self._ttl_stop_event = asyncio.Event()
 
     async def abatch(self, ops: Iterable[Op]) -> list[Result]:
@@ -180,10 +180,10 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
         conn_string: str,
         *,
         pipeline: bool = False,
-        pool_config: Optional[PoolConfig] = None,
-        index: Optional[PostgresIndexConfig] = None,
-        ttl: Optional[TTLConfig] = None,
-    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncPostgresStore"]:
+        pool_config: PoolConfig | None = None,
+        index: PostgresIndexConfig | None = None,
+        ttl: TTLConfig | None = None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncPostgresStore]:
         """Create a new AsyncPostgresStore instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
             return deleted_count
 
     async def start_ttl_sweeper(
-        self, sweep_interval_minutes: Optional[int] = None
+        self, sweep_interval_minutes: int | None = None
     ) -> asyncio.Task[None]:
         """Periodically delete expired store items based on TTL.
 
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
         self._ttl_sweeper_task = task
         return task
 
-    async def stop_ttl_sweeper(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None) -> bool:
+    async def stop_ttl_sweeper(self, timeout: float | None = None) -> bool:
         """Stop the TTL sweeper task if it's running.
 
         Args:
@@ -369,14 +369,14 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
 
         return success
 
-    async def __aenter__(self) -> "AsyncPostgresStore":
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> AsyncPostgresStore:
         return self
 
     async def __aexit__(
         self,
-        exc_type: Optional[type[BaseException]],
-        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
-        exc_tb: Optional["TracebackType"],
+        exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
+        exc_val: BaseException | None,
+        exc_tb: TracebackType | None,
     ) -> None:
         # Ensure the TTL sweeper task is stopped when exiting the context
         if hasattr(self, "_ttl_sweeper_task") and self._ttl_sweeper_task is not None:

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/store/postgres/base.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import concurrent.futures
 import json
@@ -14,7 +16,6 @@ from typing import (
     Generic,
     Literal,
     NamedTuple,
-    Optional,
     TypeVar,
     Union,
     cast,
@@ -56,8 +57,8 @@ class Migration(NamedTuple):
     """A database migration with optional conditions and parameters."""
 
     sql: str
-    params: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None
-    condition: Optional[Callable[["BasePostgresStore"], bool]] = None
+    params: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+    condition: Callable[[BasePostgresStore], bool] | None = None
 
 
 MIGRATIONS: Sequence[str] = [
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ class PoolConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
     min_size: int
     """Minimum number of connections maintained in the pool. Defaults to 1."""
 
-    max_size: Optional[int]
+    max_size: int | None
     """Maximum number of connections allowed in the pool. None means unlimited."""
 
     kwargs: dict
@@ -230,8 +231,8 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):
     MIGRATIONS = MIGRATIONS
     VECTOR_MIGRATIONS = VECTOR_MIGRATIONS
     conn: C
-    _deserializer: Optional[Callable[[Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]], dict[str, Any]]]
-    index_config: Optional[PostgresIndexConfig]
+    _deserializer: Callable[[bytes | orjson.Fragment], dict[str, Any]] | None
+    index_config: PostgresIndexConfig | None
 
     def _get_batch_GET_ops_queries(
         self,
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):
         put_ops: Sequence[tuple[int, PutOp]],
     ) -> tuple[
         list[tuple[str, Sequence]],
-        Optional[tuple[str, Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, str]]]],
+        tuple[str, Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, str]]] | None,
     ]:
         dedupped_ops: dict[tuple[tuple[str, ...], str], PutOp] = {}
         for _, op in put_ops:
@@ -320,9 +321,7 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):
                 )
                 params = (_namespace_to_text(namespace), *keys)
                 queries.append((query, params))
-        embedding_request: Optional[tuple[str, Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, str]]]] = (
-            None
-        )
+        embedding_request: tuple[str, Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, str]]] | None = None
         if inserts:
             values = []
             insertion_params = []
@@ -403,7 +402,7 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):
         self,
         search_ops: Sequence[tuple[int, SearchOp]],
     ) -> tuple[
-        list[tuple[str, list[Union[None, str, list[float]]]]],  # queries, params
+        list[tuple[str, list[None | str | list[float]]]],  # queries, params
         list[tuple[int, str]],  # idx, query_text pairs to embed
     ]:
         """
@@ -432,7 +431,7 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):
                         filter_params.extend([key, orjson.dumps(value).decode("utf-8")])
 
             ns_condition = "TRUE"
-            ns_param: Optional[Sequence[Union[str]]] = None
+            ns_param: Sequence[str] | None = None
             if op.namespace_prefix:
                 ns_condition = "store.prefix LIKE %s"
                 ns_param = (f"{_namespace_to_text(op.namespace_prefix)}%",)
@@ -719,12 +718,10 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
         self,
         conn: _pg_internal.Conn,
         *,
-        pipe: Optional[Pipeline] = None,
-        deserializer: Optional[
-            Callable[[Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]], dict[str, Any]]
-        ] = None,
-        index: Optional[PostgresIndexConfig] = None,
-        ttl: Optional[TTLConfig] = None,
+        pipe: Pipeline | None = None,
+        deserializer: Callable[[bytes | orjson.Fragment], dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
+        index: PostgresIndexConfig | None = None,
+        ttl: TTLConfig | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self._deserializer = deserializer
@@ -738,7 +735,7 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
         else:
             self.embeddings = None
         self.ttl_config = ttl
-        self._ttl_sweeper_thread: Optional[threading.Thread] = None
+        self._ttl_sweeper_thread: threading.Thread | None = None
         self._ttl_stop_event = threading.Event()
 
     @classmethod
@@ -748,10 +745,10 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
         conn_string: str,
         *,
         pipeline: bool = False,
-        pool_config: Optional[PoolConfig] = None,
-        index: Optional[PostgresIndexConfig] = None,
-        ttl: Optional[TTLConfig] = None,
-    ) -> Iterator["PostgresStore"]:
+        pool_config: PoolConfig | None = None,
+        index: PostgresIndexConfig | None = None,
+        ttl: TTLConfig | None = None,
+    ) -> Iterator[PostgresStore]:
         """Create a new PostgresStore instance from a connection string.
 
         Args:
@@ -810,7 +807,7 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
             return deleted_count
 
     def start_ttl_sweeper(
-        self, sweep_interval_minutes: Optional[int] = None
+        self, sweep_interval_minutes: int | None = None
     ) -> concurrent.futures.Future[None]:
         """Periodically delete expired store items based on TTL.
 
@@ -867,7 +864,7 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
         )
         return future
 
-    def stop_ttl_sweeper(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None) -> bool:
+    def stop_ttl_sweeper(self, timeout: float | None = None) -> bool:
         """Stop the TTL sweeper thread if it's running.
 
         Args:
@@ -1196,7 +1193,7 @@ def _row_to_item(
     namespace: tuple[str, ...],
     row: Row,
     *,
-    loader: Optional[Callable[[Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]], dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+    loader: Callable[[bytes | orjson.Fragment], dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
 ) -> Item:
     """Convert a row from the database into an Item.
 
@@ -1224,7 +1221,7 @@ def _row_to_search_item(
     namespace: tuple[str, ...],
     row: Row,
     *,
-    loader: Optional[Callable[[Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]], dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+    loader: Callable[[bytes | orjson.Fragment], dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
 ) -> SearchItem:
     """Convert a row from the database into an Item."""
     loader = loader or _json_loads
@@ -1255,7 +1252,7 @@ def _group_ops(ops: Iterable[Op]) -> tuple[dict[type, list[tuple[int, Op]]], int
     return grouped_ops, tot
 
 
-def _json_loads(content: Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]) -> Any:
+def _json_loads(content: bytes | orjson.Fragment) -> Any:
     if isinstance(content, orjson.Fragment):
         if hasattr(content, "buf"):
             content = content.buf
@@ -1267,7 +1264,7 @@ def _json_loads(content: Union[bytes, orjson.Fragment]) -> Any:
     return orjson.loads(cast(bytes, content))
 
 
-def _decode_ns_bytes(namespace: Union[str, bytes, list]) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+def _decode_ns_bytes(namespace: str | bytes | list) -> tuple[str, ...]:
     if isinstance(namespace, list):
         return tuple(namespace)
     if isinstance(namespace, bytes):
@@ -1316,16 +1313,16 @@ def get_distance_operator(store: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
 
 def _ensure_index_config(
     index_config: PostgresIndexConfig,
-) -> tuple[Optional["Embeddings"], PostgresIndexConfig]:
+) -> tuple[Embeddings | None, PostgresIndexConfig]:
     index_config = index_config.copy()
-    tokenized: list[tuple[str, Union[Literal["$"], list[str]]]] = []
+    tokenized: list[tuple[str, Literal["$"] | list[str]]] = []
     tot = 0
-    text_fields = index_config.get("fields") or ["$"]
-    if isinstance(text_fields, str):
-        text_fields = [text_fields]
-    if not isinstance(text_fields, list):
-        raise ValueError(f"Text fields must be a list or a string. Got {text_fields}")
-    for p in text_fields:
+    fields = index_config.get("fields") or ["$"]
+    if isinstance(fields, str):
+        fields = [fields]
+    if not isinstance(fields, list):
+        raise ValueError(f"Text fields must be a list or a string. Got {fields}")
+    for p in fields:
         if p == "$":
             tokenized.append((p, "$"))
             tot += 1

libs/checkpoint-postgres/pyproject.toml

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ lint.select = [
   "B",  # flake8-bugbear
   "I",  # isort
 ]
-lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008", "UP007", "UP006"]
+lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
 
 [tool.mypy]
 # https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/checkpoint_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Any, Protocol
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import Checkpoint, EmptyChannelError
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+
+
+class ChannelProtocol(Protocol):
+    def checkpoint(self) -> Any | None: ...
+
+
+def empty_checkpoint() -> Checkpoint:
+    return Checkpoint(
+        v=1,
+        id=str(uuid6(clock_seq=-2)),
+        ts=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        channel_values={},
+        channel_versions={},
+        versions_seen={},
+    )
+
+
+def create_checkpoint(
+    checkpoint: Checkpoint,
+    channels: Mapping[str, ChannelProtocol] | None,
+    step: int,
+    *,
+    id: str | None = None,
+) -> Checkpoint:
+    """Create a checkpoint for the given channels."""
+    ts = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    if channels is None:
+        values = checkpoint["channel_values"]
+    else:
+        values = {}
+        for k, v in channels.items():
+            if k not in checkpoint["channel_versions"]:
+                continue
+            try:
+                values[k] = v.checkpoint()
+            except EmptyChannelError:
+                pass
+    return Checkpoint(
+        v=1,
+        ts=ts,
+        id=id or str(uuid6(clock_seq=step)),
+        channel_values=values,
+        channel_versions=checkpoint["channel_versions"],
+        versions_seen=checkpoint["versions_seen"],
+    )

libs/checkpoint-postgres/tests/test_async.py

@@ -14,13 +14,10 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     EXCLUDED_METADATA_KEYS,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
-    create_checkpoint,
-    empty_checkpoint,
-)
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import (
-    AsyncPostgresSaver,
-    AsyncShallowPostgresSaver,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
+from tests.checkpoint_utils import create_checkpoint, empty_checkpoint
 from tests.conftest import DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI
 
 
@@ -111,41 +108,11 @@ async def _base_saver():
             await conn.execute(f"DROP DATABASE {database}")
 
 
-@asynccontextmanager
-async def _shallow_saver():
-    """Fixture for shallow connection mode testing."""
-    database = f"test_{uuid4().hex[:16]}"
-    # create unique db
-    async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
-        DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI, autocommit=True
-    ) as conn:
-        await conn.execute(f"CREATE DATABASE {database}")
-    try:
-        async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
-            DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI + database,
-            autocommit=True,
-            prepare_threshold=0,
-            row_factory=dict_row,
-        ) as conn:
-            checkpointer = AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(conn)
-            await checkpointer.setup()
-            yield checkpointer
-    finally:
-        # drop unique db
-        async with await AsyncConnection.connect(
-            DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI, autocommit=True
-        ) as conn:
-            await conn.execute(f"DROP DATABASE {database}")
-
-
 @asynccontextmanager
 async def _saver(name: str):
     if name == "base":
         async with _base_saver() as saver:
             yield saver
-    elif name == "shallow":
-        async with _shallow_saver() as saver:
-            yield saver
     elif name == "pool":
         async with _pool_saver() as saver:
             yield saver
@@ -205,7 +172,7 @@ def test_data():
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe", "shallow"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
 async def test_combined_metadata(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
     async with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
         config = {
@@ -232,7 +199,7 @@ async def test_combined_metadata(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
         }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe", "shallow"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
 async def test_asearch(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
     async with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
         configs = test_data["configs"]
@@ -283,7 +250,7 @@ async def test_asearch(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
         } == {"", "inner"}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe", "shallow"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
 async def test_null_chars(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
     async with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
         config = await saver.aput(
@@ -296,3 +263,52 @@ async def test_null_chars(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
         assert [c async for c in saver.alist(None, filter={"my_key": "abc"})][
             0
         ].metadata["my_key"] == "abc"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
+async def test_pending_sends_migration(saver_name: str) -> None:
+    async with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
+        config = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-1",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+            }
+        }
+
+        # create the first checkpoint
+        # and put some pending sends
+        checkpoint_0 = empty_checkpoint()
+        config = await saver.aput(config, checkpoint_0, {}, {})
+        await saver.aput_writes(
+            config, [(TASKS, "send-1"), (TASKS, "send-2")], task_id="task-1"
+        )
+        await saver.aput_writes(config, [(TASKS, "send-3")], task_id="task-2")
+
+        # check that fetching checkpoint_0 doesn't attach pending sends
+        # (they should be attached to the next checkpoint)
+        tuple_0 = await saver.aget_tuple(config)
+        assert tuple_0.checkpoint["channel_values"] == {}
+        assert tuple_0.checkpoint["channel_versions"] == {}
+
+        # create the second checkpoint
+        checkpoint_1 = create_checkpoint(checkpoint_0, {}, 1)
+        config = await saver.aput(config, checkpoint_1, {}, {})
+
+        # check that pending sends are attached to checkpoint_1
+        tuple_1 = await saver.aget_tuple(config)
+        assert tuple_1.checkpoint["channel_values"] == {
+            TASKS: ["send-1", "send-2", "send-3"]
+        }
+        assert TASKS in tuple_1.checkpoint["channel_versions"]
+
+        # check that list also applies the migration
+        search_results = [
+            c async for c in saver.alist({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-1"}})
+        ]
+        assert len(search_results) == 2
+        assert search_results[-1].checkpoint["channel_values"] == {}
+        assert search_results[-1].checkpoint["channel_versions"] == {}
+        assert search_results[0].checkpoint["channel_values"] == {
+            TASKS: ["send-1", "send-2", "send-3"]
+        }
+        assert TASKS in search_results[0].checkpoint["channel_versions"]