release: Checkpointers 3.0 (#6313 )

In this PR: - Bump `langgraph-checkpoint` to 3.0 - Bump `langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite` to 3.0; Update `langgraph-checkpoint` deps to >=3,<4 - Bump `langgraph-checkpoint-postgres` to 3.0; Update `langgraph-checkpoint` max to <4 (keep prior min since the deprecated functionality wasn't explicitly used) - Bump `langgraph` to 1.0.1; update `langgraph-checkpoint` max bound to 4 - Bump `prebuilt` to 1.0.1; update `langgraph-checkpoint` max bound to 4
chore: Restrict "json" type deserialization (#6269 )
2026-08-27 01:52:25 +02:00 · 2025-10-20 11:31:55 -07:00 · 2025-10-20 10:18:36 -07:00 · 2025-10-17 16:54:42 -04:00 · 2025-10-17 19:15:29 +00:00 · 2025-10-17 08:26:52 -04:00
215 changed files with 10469 additions and 7578 deletions
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 blank_issues_enabled: false
 version: 2.1
 contact_links:
+  - name: Documentation
+    url: https://github.com/langchain-ai/docs/issues/new?template=langgraph.yml
+    about: Report an issue related to the LangGraph documentation
  - name: LangChain Forum
    url:  https://forum.langchain.com/
-    about: General community discussions, support, and feature requests
+    about: General community discussions and support
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-name: Documentation
-description: Report an issue related to the LangGraph documentation.
-title: "DOC: <Please write a comprehensive title after the 'DOC: ' prefix>"
-labels: [documentation]
-
-body:
- type: textarea
-  attributes: 
-    label: "Issue with current documentation:"
-    description: >
-      Please make sure to leave a reference to the document/code you're
-      referring to.
-
- type: textarea
-  attributes:
-    label: "Idea or request for content:"
-    description: >
-      Please describe as clearly as possible what topics you think are missing
-      from the current documentation.
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ jobs:
        python-version:
          - "3.10"
          - "3.11"
+          - "3.14"
        example:
          - name: A
            workdir: libs/cli/examples
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
          filter: "libs/cli/**"
      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -58,8 +59,8 @@ jobs:
          # Build the image for this example
          langgraph build -t ${{ matrix.example.tag }}
          # Prepare environment file from local or parent example directory
-          if [ -f .env.example ]; then cp .env.example .env; elif [ -f ../.env.example ]; then cp ../.env.example .env; fi
-          if [ -n "${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" ]; then echo "LANGSMITH_API_KEY=${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" >> .env; fi
+          if [ -f .env.example ]; then cp .env.example .env; elif [ -f ../.env.example ]; then cp ../.env.example .env && cp ../.env.example ../.env; fi
+          if [ -n "${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" ]; then echo "LANGSMITH_API_KEY=${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" >> .env; if [ -f ../.env ]; then echo "LANGSMITH_API_KEY=${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" >> ../.env; fi; fi
          # Run the integration test using the built tag
          # Compute repo root to reference the shared script robustly
          REPO_ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
@@ -94,3 +95,17 @@ jobs:
          cp ../.env.example .env
          if [ -n "${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" ]; then echo "LANGSMITH_API_KEY=${{ secrets.LANGSMITH_API_KEY }}" >> .env; fi
          timeout 60 python ../../../../.github/scripts/run_langgraph_cli_test.py -t langgraph-test-h
+          LANGGRAPH_VERSION=$(docker run --rm --entrypoint "" langgraph-test-h python -c "import sys; from importlib.metadata import version; v = version('langgraph'); print(v);")
+          if [ "$LANGGRAPH_VERSION" != "1.0.0a2" ]; then
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          LANGCHAIN_OPENAI_VERSION=$(docker run --rm --entrypoint "" langgraph-test-h python -c "import sys; from importlib.metadata import version; v = version('langchain-openai'); print(v);")
+          if [ "$LANGCHAIN_OPENAI_VERSION" != "0.3.0" ]; then
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Build and test prerelease reqs fail service
+        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
+        working-directory: libs/cli/examples/graph_prerelease_reqs_fail
+        run: |
+          langgraph build -t langgraph-test-i || [ $? -eq 1 ]
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
          filter: "${{ inputs.working-directory }}/**"
      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install dependencies
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
        working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-        run: uv sync --frozen --group dev
+        run: uv sync --frozen --group lint

      - name: Get .mypy_cache to speed up mypy
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install test dependencies
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
        working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-        run: uv sync --group dev
+        run: uv sync --group lint

      - name: Get .mypy_cache_test to speed up mypy
        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.all
@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        python-version:
-          - "3.9"
          - "3.10"
          - "3.11"
          - "3.12"
          - "3.13"
+          - "3.14"

    name: "test #${{ matrix.python-version }}"
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install dependencies
        shell: bash
        working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-        run: uv sync --frozen --group dev
+        run: uv sync --frozen --group test --no-dev

      - name: Run tests
        shell: bash
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        python-version:
-          - "3.9"
          - "3.10"
          - "3.11"
          - "3.12"
          - "3.13"
+          - "3.14"

    defaults:
      run:
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Install dependencies
        shell: bash
-        run: uv sync --frozen --group dev
+        run: uv sync --frozen --group test --no-dev

      - name: Run tests
        shell: bash
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ permissions:

 jobs:
  build:
-    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    outputs:
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Python $${ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - run: SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && echo "SHA=$SHA" >> $GITHUB_ENV
      - name: Set up Python 3.11
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"
          enable-cache: true
          cache-suffix: "bench"
      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --group dev
+        run: uv sync --group test
      - name: Run benchmarks
        run: OUTPUT=out/benchmark-baseline.json make -s benchmark
      - name: Save outputs
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ jobs:
        with:
          format: json
      - name: Set up Python 3.11
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"
          enable-cache: true
          cache-suffix: "bench"
      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --group dev
+        run: uv sync --group test
      - name: Download baseline
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        with:
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
            echo EOF
          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Annotation
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
        with:
          script: |
            const file = JSON.parse(`${{ steps.files.outputs.added_modified_renamed }}`)[0]
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"
          enable-cache: true
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: "3.12"
          enable-cache: true
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ env:

 jobs:
  build:
-    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    outputs:
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@ jobs:
      #   used in the real world.

      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -222,7 +221,7 @@ jobs:
          uv run python -c "import $IMPORT_NAME; print(dir($IMPORT_NAME))"

      - name: Import test dependencies
-        run: uv sync --group dev
+        run: uv sync --group test
        working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}

      # Overwrite the local version of the package with the test PyPI version.
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -305,7 +304,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
          enable-cache: true
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Set up Python + Poetry
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"
          enable-cache: true
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      
      - name: Set up uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
        with:
          # use minimum supported Python version
-          python-version: "3.9"
+          python-version: "3.10"
          enable-cache: true
          cache-suffix: "uv-lock-upgrade"
          
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ jobs:
        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
        with:
          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          commit-message: "chore[deps]: upgrade dependencies with `uv lock --upgrade`"
-          title: "chore[deps]: upgrade dependencies with `uv lock --upgrade`"
+          commit-message: "chore(deps): upgrade dependencies with `uv lock --upgrade`"
+          title: "chore(deps): upgrade dependencies with `uv lock --upgrade`"
          body: |
            This PR updates the dependencies in all Python packages using `uv lock --upgrade`.
            
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Below is a high-level overview:
 - **langgraph** – core framework for building stateful, multi-actor agents.
 - **prebuilt** – high-level APIs for creating and running agents and tools.
 - **sdk-js** – JS/TS SDK for interacting with the LangGraph REST API.
- **sdk-py** – Python SDK for the LangGraph Platform API.
+- **sdk-py** – Python SDK for the LangGraph Server API.

 ### Dependency map

@@ -277,9 +277,9 @@ def my_function(arg1: int, arg2: str) -> float:
    Examples:
        This is a section for examples of how to use the function.

-        .. code-block:: python
-
-            my_function(1, "hello")
+        ```python
+        my_function(1, "hello")
+        \```

    Args:
        arg1: This is a description of arg1. We do not need to specify the type since
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ LangGraph provides low-level supporting infrastructure for *any* long-running, s
 While LangGraph can be used standalone, it also integrates seamlessly with any LangChain product, giving developers a full suite of tools for building agents. To improve your LLM application development, pair LangGraph with:

 - [LangSmith](http://www.langchain.com/langsmith) — Helpful for agent evals and observability. Debug poor-performing LLM app runs, evaluate agent trajectories, gain visibility in production, and improve performance over time.
- [LangGraph Platform](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/langgraph_platform/) — Deploy and scale agents effortlessly with a purpose-built deployment platform for long running, stateful workflows. Discover, reuse, configure, and share agents across teams — and iterate quickly with visual prototyping in [LangGraph Studio](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/langgraph_studio/).
+- [LangSmith Deployment](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/langgraph_platform/) — Deploy and scale agents effortlessly with a purpose-built deployment platform for long running, stateful workflows. Discover, reuse, configure, and share agents across teams — and iterate quickly with visual prototyping in [LangGraph Studio](https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/concepts/langgraph_studio/).
 - [LangChain](https://python.langchain.com/docs/introduction/) – Provides integrations and composable components to streamline LLM application development.

 > [!NOTE]
@@ -1,24 +1,126 @@
-# Setup
+# LangGraph Documentation

-To setup requirements for building docs you can run:
+For more information on contributing to our documentation, see the [Contributing Guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md).

-```bash
-uv sync --group test
+## Structure
+
+The primary documentation is located in the `docs/` directory. This directory contains both the source files for the main documentation as well as the API reference doc build process.
+
+### Main Documentation
+
+Main documentation files are located in `docs/docs/` and are written in Markdown format. The site uses [**MkDocs**](https://www.mkdocs.org/) with the [Material theme](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/) and includes:
+
+- **Concepts**: Core LangGraph concepts and explanations
+- **Tutorials**: Step-by-step learning guides
+- **How-tos**: Task-focused guides for specific use cases
+- **Examples**: Real-world applications and use cases
+- **Jupyter Notebooks**: Interactive tutorials that are automatically converted to markdown
+
+### API Reference
+
+API reference documentation is defined in `docs/docs/reference/`. Each `.md` file outlines the "template" that each page is built from. Reference content is automatically generated from docstrings in the codebase using the **mkdocstrings** plugin. Once generated, the content is plugged into the corresponding markdown file where it is referenced by using manual directives to specify which classes and/or functions are documented:
+
+```markdown
+::: langgraph.graph.state.StateGraph
+    options:
+      show_if_no_docstring: true
+      show_root_heading: true
+      show_root_full_path: false
+      members:
+        - add_node
+        - add_edge
+        - add_conditional_edges
+        - add_sequence
+        - compile
 ```

-## Serving documentation locally
+## Build Process

-To run the documentation server locally you can run:
+Docs are built following these steps:
+
+1. **Content Processing:**
+   - `_scripts/notebook_hooks.py` - Main processing pipeline that:
+     - Converts how-tos/tutorial Jupyter notebooks to markdown using `notebook_convert.py`
+     - Adds automatic API reference links to code blocks using `generate_api_reference_links.py`
+     - Handles conditional rendering for Python/JS versions
+     - Processes highlight comments and custom syntax
+
+2. **API Reference Generation:**
+   - **mkdocstrings** plugin extracts docstrings from Python source code
+   - Manual `::: module.Class` directives in reference pages (`/docs/docs/*`) specify what to document
+   - Cross-references are automatically generated between docs and API
+
+3. **Site Generation:**
+   - **MkDocs** processes all markdown files and generates static HTML
+   - Custom hooks handle redirects and inject additional functionality
+
+4. **Deployment:**
+   - Site is deployed with Vercel
+   - `make build-docs` generates production build (also usable for local testing)
+   - Automatic redirects handle URL changes between versions
+
+### Local Development
+
+For local development, use the Makefile targets:

 ```bash
+# Serve docs locally with hot reloading
 make serve-docs
+
+# Clean build for production testing
+make build-docs
+
+# Serve with clean build
+make serve-clean-docs
 ```

-This will start the documentation server on [http://127.0.0.1:8000/langgraph/](http://127.0.0.1:8000/langgraph/).
+The `serve-docs` command:
+
+- Watches source files for changes
+- Includes dirty builds for faster iteration
+- Serves on [http://127.0.0.1:8000/langgraph/](http://127.0.0.1:8000/langgraph/)
+
+## Standards
+
+**Docstring Format:**
+The API reference uses **Google-style docstrings** with Markdown markup. The `mkdocstrings` plugin processes these to generate documentation.
+
+**Required format:**
+
+```python
+def example_function(param1: str, param2: int = 5) -> bool:
+    """Brief description of the function.
+
+    Longer description can go here. Use Markdown syntax for
+    rich formatting like **bold** and *italic*.
+
+    Args:
+        param1: Description of the first parameter.
+        param2: Description of the second parameter with default value.
+
+    Returns:
+        Description of the return value.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: When param1 is empty.
+        TypeError: When param2 is not an integer.
+
+    !!! warning
+        This function is experimental and may change.
+
+    !!! version-added "Added in version 0.2.0"
+    """
+```
+
+**Special Markers:**
+
+- **MkDocs admonitions**: `!!! warning`, `!!! note`, `!!! version-added`
+- **Code blocks**: Standard markdown ``` syntax
+- **Cross-references**: Automatic linking via `generate_api_reference_links.py`

 ## Execute notebooks

-If you would like to automatically execute all of the notebooks, to mimic the "Run notebooks" GHA, you can run:
+If you would like to automatically execute all of the notebooks, to mimic the "Run notebooks" GitHub action, you can run:

 ```bash
 python _scripts/prepare_notebooks_for_ci.py
@@ -33,8 +135,9 @@ python _scripts/prepare_notebooks_for_ci.py --comment-install-cells
 ```

 `prepare_notebooks_for_ci.py` script will add VCR cassette context manager for each cell in the notebook, so that:
-* when the notebook is run for the first time, cells with network requests will be recorded to a VCR cassette file
-* when the notebook is run subsequently, the cells with network requests will be replayed from the cassettes
+
+- when the notebook is run for the first time, cells with network requests will be recorded to a VCR cassette file
+- when the notebook is run subsequently, the cells with network requests will be replayed from the cassettes

 ## Adding new notebooks

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+"""Generate API reference links for imports in Python code blocks within markdown files."""
+
 import ast
 import importlib
 import logging
@@ -70,8 +72,18 @@ MANUAL_API_REFERENCES_LANGGRAPH = [
    ([], "langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio", "AsyncPostgresSaver", "checkpoints"),
    ([], "langgraph.checkpoint.postgres", "PostgresSaver", "checkpoints"),
    # other prebuilts
-    (["langgraph_supervisor"], "langgraph_supervisor.supervisor", "create_supervisor", "supervisor"),
-    (["langgraph_supervisor"], "langgraph_supervisor.handoff", "create_handoff_tool", "supervisor"),
+    (
+        ["langgraph_supervisor"],
+        "langgraph_supervisor.supervisor",
+        "create_supervisor",
+        "supervisor",
+    ),
+    (
+        ["langgraph_supervisor"],
+        "langgraph_supervisor.handoff",
+        "create_handoff_tool",
+        "supervisor",
+    ),
    ([], "langgraph_supervisor.handoff", "create_forward_message_tool", "supervisor"),
    (["langgraph_swarm"], "langgraph_swarm.swarm", "create_swarm", "swarm"),
    (["langgraph_swarm"], "langgraph_swarm.swarm", "add_active_agent_router", "swarm"),
@@ -29,7 +29,11 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


 def _transform_link(
-    link_name: str, scope: str, file_path: str, line_number: int, custom_title: Optional[str] = None
+    link_name: str,
+    scope: str,
+    file_path: str,
+    line_number: int,
+    custom_title: Optional[str] = None,
 ) -> Optional[str]:
    """Transform a cross-reference link based on the current scope.

@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ def _transform_link(
        scope: The current scope context ("global", "python", "js", etc.).
        file_path: The file path for error reporting.
        line_number: The line number for error reporting.
-        custom_title: Optional custom title for the link. If None, uses link_name.
+        custom_title: Optional custom title for the link. If `None`, uses link_name.

    Returns:
        A formatted markdown link if the link is found in the scope mapping,
@@ -117,7 +121,9 @@ CROSS_REFERENCE_PATTERN = re.compile(
 )


-def _replace_autolinks(markdown: str, file_path: str, *, default_scope: str = "python") -> str:
+def _replace_autolinks(
+    markdown: str, file_path: str, *, default_scope: str = "python"
+) -> str:
    """Preprocess markdown lines to handle @[links] with conditional fence scopes.

    This function processes markdown content to transform @[link_name] references
@@ -169,7 +175,7 @@ def _replace_autolinks(markdown: str, file_path: str, *, default_scope: str = "p
                # This is @[ref] format
                link_name = match.group("link_name")
                custom_title = None
-            
+
            transformed = _transform_link(
                link_name, current_scope, file_path, line_number, custom_title
            )
@@ -2108,9 +2108,9 @@ __metadata:
  linkType: hard

 "hono@npm:^4.5.4":
-  version: 4.9.6
-  resolution: "hono@npm:4.9.6"
-  checksum: 10c0/182a144eb3b9e05bd9e43d15af15c93f60d3d747fef6c6904b9993e9db8129ea7fadf6190331d6f76b1bf6dd2b2c3b13efea105236f541ef411397e30475422d
+  version: 4.9.7
+  resolution: "hono@npm:4.9.7"
+  checksum: 10c0/089184660a9211ea216ab95bafa45260e371651cb019db49828064b7982b0ae61cc3c4715324bfeb9037aa2460c39ffa2c91d84ad0c8d500fa77cbcc7fc07a8f
  languageName: node
  linkType: hard

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+"""Convert Jupyter notebooks to markdown with custom processing."""
+
 import ast
 import os
 import re
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@ REDIRECT_MAP = {
    "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_user_input.md": "cloud/how-tos/add-human-in-the-loop.md",
    "concepts/platform_architecture.md": "concepts/langgraph_cloud#architecture",
    # cloud streaming redirects
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_values.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_updates.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_messages.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_events.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_debug.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stream_multiple.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_values.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_updates.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_messages.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_events.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_debug.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stream_multiple.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
    "cloud/concepts/streaming.md": "concepts/streaming.md",
    "agents/streaming.md": "how-tos/streaming.md",
    # prebuilt redirects
@@ -129,83 +129,83 @@ REDIRECT_MAP = {
    "how-tos/human_in_the_loop/edit-graph-state.ipynb": "how-tos/human_in_the_loop/time-travel.md",

    # LGP mintlify migration redirects
-    "tutorials/auth/getting_started.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/auth",
-    "tutorials/auth/resource_auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/resource-auth",
-    "tutorials/auth/add_auth_server.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/add-auth-server",
-    "how-tos/use-remote-graph.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/use-remote-graph",
-    "how-tos/autogen-integration.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/autogen-integration",
-    "cloud/how-tos/use_stream_react.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/use-stream-react",
-    "cloud/how-tos/generative_ui_react.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/generative-ui-react",
-    "concepts/langgraph_platform.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/index",
-    "concepts/langgraph_components.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/components",
-    "concepts/langgraph_server.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/langgraph-server",
-    "concepts/langgraph_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/data-plane",
-    "concepts/langgraph_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/control-plane",
-    "concepts/langgraph_cli.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/langgraph-cli",
-    "concepts/langgraph_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/langgraph-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/studio/quick_start.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/quick-start-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/invoke_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/invoke-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/studio/manage_assistants.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/manage-assistants-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/threads_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/threads-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/iterate_graph_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/iterate-graph-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/studio/run_evals.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/run-evals-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/clone_traces_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/clone-traces-studio",
-    "cloud/how-tos/datasets_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/datasets-studio",
-    "concepts/sdk.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/sdk",
-    "concepts/plans.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/plans",
-    "concepts/application_structure.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/application-structure",
-    "concepts/scalability_and_resilience.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/scalability-and-resilience",
-    "concepts/auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/auth",
-    "how-tos/auth/custom_auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/custom-auth",
-    "how-tos/auth/openapi_security.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/openapi-security",
-    "concepts/assistants.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/assistants",
-    "cloud/how-tos/configuration_cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/configuration-cloud",
-    "cloud/how-tos/use_threads.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/use-threads",
-    "cloud/how-tos/background_run.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/background-run",
-    "cloud/how-tos/same-thread.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/same-thread",
-    "cloud/how-tos/stateless_runs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/stateless-runs",
-    "cloud/how-tos/configurable_headers.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/configurable-headers",
-    "concepts/double_texting.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/double-texting",
-    "cloud/how-tos/interrupt_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/interrupt-concurrent",
-    "cloud/how-tos/rollback_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/rollback-concurrent",
-    "cloud/how-tos/reject_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/reject-concurrent",
-    "cloud/how-tos/enqueue_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/enqueue-concurrent",
-    "cloud/concepts/webhooks.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/use-webhooks",
-    "cloud/how-tos/webhooks.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/use-webhooks",
-    "cloud/concepts/cron_jobs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/cron-jobs",
-    "cloud/how-tos/cron_jobs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/cron-jobs",
-    "how-tos/http/custom_lifespan.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/custom-lifespan",
-    "how-tos/http/custom_middleware.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/custom-middleware",
-    "how-tos/http/custom_routes.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/custom-routes",
-    "cloud/concepts/data_storage_and_privacy.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/data-storage-and-privacy",
-    "cloud/deployment/semantic_search.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/semantic-search",
-    "how-tos/ttl/configure_ttl.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/configure-ttl",
-    "concepts/deployment_options.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/deployment-options",
-    "cloud/quick_start.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/deployment-quickstart",
-    "cloud/deployment/setup.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/setup-app-requirements-txt",
-    "cloud/deployment/setup_pyproject.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/setup-pyproject",
-    "cloud/deployment/setup_javascript.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/setup-javascript",
-    "cloud/deployment/custom_docker.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/custom-docker",
-    "cloud/deployment/graph_rebuild.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/graph-rebuild",
-    "concepts/langgraph_cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/cloud",
-    "concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/hybrid",
-    "concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/self-hosted",
-    "concepts/langgraph_standalone_container.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/self-hosted#standalone-server",
-    "cloud/deployment/cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/cloud",
-    "cloud/deployment/self_hosted_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/deploy-hybrid",
-    "cloud/deployment/self_hosted_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/deploy-self-hosted-full-platform",
-    "cloud/deployment/standalone_container.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/deploy-standalone-server",
-    "concepts/server-mcp.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/server-mcp",
-    "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_time_travel.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/human-in-the-loop-time-travel",
-    "cloud/how-tos/add-human-in-the-loop.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/add-human-in-the-loop",
-    "cloud/deployment/egress.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/env-var",
-    "cloud/how-tos/streaming.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/streaming",
-    "cloud/reference/api/api_ref.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/server-api-ref",
-    "cloud/reference/langgraph_server_changelog.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/langgraph-server-changelog",
-    "cloud/reference/api/api_ref_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/api-ref-control-plane",
-    "cloud/reference/cli.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/cli",
-    "cloud/reference/env_var.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/env-var",
-    "troubleshooting/studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/troubleshooting-studio",
+    "tutorials/auth/getting_started.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/auth",
+    "tutorials/auth/resource_auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/resource-auth",
+    "tutorials/auth/add_auth_server.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/add-auth-server",
+    "how-tos/use-remote-graph.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-remote-graph",
+    "how-tos/autogen-integration.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/autogen-integration",
+    "cloud/how-tos/use_stream_react.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-stream-react",
+    "cloud/how-tos/generative_ui_react.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/generative-ui-react",
+    "concepts/langgraph_platform.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deployments",
+    "concepts/langgraph_components.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/components",
+    "concepts/langgraph_server.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/langgraph-server",
+    "concepts/langgraph_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/data-plane",
+    "concepts/langgraph_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/control-plane",
+    "concepts/langgraph_cli.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/langgraph-cli",
+    "concepts/langgraph_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/studio",
+    "cloud/how-tos/studio/quick_start.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/quick-start-studio",
+    "cloud/how-tos/invoke_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-studio#run-application",
+    "cloud/how-tos/studio/manage_assistants.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-studio#manage-assistants",
+    "cloud/how-tos/threads_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-studio#manage-threads",
+    "cloud/how-tos/iterate_graph_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/observability-studio#iterate-on-prompts",
+    "cloud/how-tos/studio/run_evals.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/observability-studio#run-experiments-over-a-dataset",
+    "cloud/how-tos/clone_traces_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/observability-studio#debug-langsmith-traces",
+    "cloud/how-tos/datasets_studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/observability-studio#add-node-to-dataset",
+    "concepts/sdk.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/sdk",
+    "concepts/plans.md": "https://langchain.com/pricing",
+    "concepts/application_structure.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/application-structure",
+    "concepts/scalability_and_resilience.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/scalability-and-resilience",
+    "concepts/auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/authentication-methods",
+    "how-tos/auth/custom_auth.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/custom-auth",
+    "how-tos/auth/openapi_security.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/openapi-security",
+    "concepts/assistants.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/assistants",
+    "cloud/how-tos/configuration_cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cloud",
+    "cloud/how-tos/use_threads.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-threads",
+    "cloud/how-tos/background_run.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/background-run",
+    "cloud/how-tos/same-thread.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/same-thread",
+    "cloud/how-tos/stateless_runs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/stateless-runs",
+    "cloud/how-tos/configurable_headers.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/configurable-headers",
+    "concepts/double_texting.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/double-texting",
+    "cloud/how-tos/interrupt_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/interrupt-concurrent",
+    "cloud/how-tos/rollback_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/rollback-concurrent",
+    "cloud/how-tos/reject_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/reject-concurrent",
+    "cloud/how-tos/enqueue_concurrent.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/enqueue-concurrent",
+    "cloud/concepts/webhooks.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-webhooks",
+    "cloud/how-tos/webhooks.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/use-webhooks",
+    "cloud/concepts/cron_jobs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cron-jobs",
+    "cloud/how-tos/cron_jobs.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cron-jobs",
+    "how-tos/http/custom_lifespan.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/custom-lifespan",
+    "how-tos/http/custom_middleware.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/custom-middleware",
+    "how-tos/http/custom_routes.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/custom-routes",
+    "cloud/concepts/data_storage_and_privacy.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/data-storage-and-privacy",
+    "cloud/deployment/semantic_search.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/semantic-search",
+    "how-tos/ttl/configure_ttl.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/configure-ttl",
+    "concepts/deployment_options.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/hosting",
+    "cloud/quick_start.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deployment-quickstart",
+    "cloud/deployment/setup.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/setup-app-requirements-txt",
+    "cloud/deployment/setup_pyproject.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/setup-pyproject",
+    "cloud/deployment/setup_javascript.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/setup-javascript",
+    "cloud/deployment/custom_docker.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/custom-docker",
+    "cloud/deployment/graph_rebuild.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/graph-rebuild",
+    "concepts/langgraph_cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cloud",
+    "concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/hybrid",
+    "concepts/langgraph_self_hosted_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/self-hosted",
+    "concepts/langgraph_standalone_container.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/self-hosted#standalone-server",
+    "cloud/deployment/cloud.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cloud",
+    "cloud/deployment/self_hosted_data_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deploy-hybrid",
+    "cloud/deployment/self_hosted_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deploy-self-hosted-full-platform",
+    "cloud/deployment/standalone_container.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deploy-standalone-server",
+    "concepts/server-mcp.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/server-mcp",
+    "cloud/how-tos/human_in_the_loop_time_travel.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/human-in-the-loop-time-travel",
+    "cloud/how-tos/add-human-in-the-loop.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/add-human-in-the-loop",
+    "cloud/deployment/egress.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/env-var",
+    "cloud/how-tos/streaming.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/streaming",
+    "cloud/reference/api/api_ref.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/server-api-ref",
+    "cloud/reference/langgraph_server_changelog.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/langgraph-server-changelog",
+    "cloud/reference/api/api_ref_control_plane.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/api-ref-control-plane",
+    "cloud/reference/cli.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/cli",
+    "cloud/reference/env_var.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/env-var",
+    "troubleshooting/studio.md": "https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/troubleshooting-studio",
 }


@@ -20,16 +20,19 @@ class Package(TypedDict):
    description: str
    """A brief description of what the package does."""

+
 class ResolvedPackage(Package):
    weekly_downloads: int | None
    """The weekly download count of the package."""
    language: str
    """The language of the package. (either 'python' or 'js')"""

+
 HERE = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent
 PACKAGES_FILE = HERE / "packages.yml"
 PACKAGES = yaml.safe_load(PACKAGES_FILE.read_text())["packages"]

+
 def _get_pypi_downloads(package: Package) -> int:
    """Retrieve the weekly download count for a package from PyPIStats."""

@@ -72,7 +75,8 @@ def _get_pypi_downloads(package: Package) -> int:
        return sum(entry["downloads"] for entry in sorted_data[:7])
    else:
        return None
-    
+
+
 def _get_npm_downloads(package: Package) -> int:
    """Retrieve the weekly download count for a package on the npm registry."""

@@ -82,14 +86,18 @@ def _get_npm_downloads(package: Package) -> int:
        npm_response = requests.get(npm_url)
        npm_response.raise_for_status()
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError:
-        raise AssertionError(f"Package {package['name']} does not exist on npm registry")
+        raise AssertionError(
+            f"Package {package['name']} does not exist on npm registry"
+        )

    npm_data = npm_response.json()

    # Retrieve the first publish date using the 'created' timestamp from the 'time' field.
    created_str = npm_data.get("time", {}).get("created")
    if created_str is None:
-        raise AssertionError(f"Package {package['name']} has no creation time in registry data")
+        raise AssertionError(
+            f"Package {package['name']} has no creation time in registry data"
+        )
    # Remove the trailing 'Z' if present and parse the ISO format timestamp
    first_publish_date = datetime.fromisoformat(created_str.rstrip("Z"))

@@ -103,7 +111,10 @@ def _get_npm_downloads(package: Package) -> int:
    else:
        return None

-def _get_weekly_downloads(packages: dict[str, list[Package]], fake: bool) -> list[ResolvedPackage]:
+
+def _get_weekly_downloads(
+    packages: dict[str, list[Package]], fake: bool
+) -> list[ResolvedPackage]:
    """Retrieve the weekly download count for a dictionary of python or js packages."""
    resolved_packages: list[ResolvedPackage] = []

@@ -131,7 +142,7 @@ def _get_weekly_downloads(packages: dict[str, list[Package]], fake: bool) -> lis
                num_downloads = _get_npm_downloads(package)
            else:
                num_downloads = None
-            
+
            resolved_packages.append(
                {
                    "name": package["name"],
@@ -145,12 +156,13 @@ def _get_weekly_downloads(packages: dict[str, list[Package]], fake: bool) -> lis

    return resolved_packages

+
 def main(output_file: str, fake: bool) -> None:
    """Main function to generate package download information.

    Args:
        output_file: Path to the output YAML file.
-        fake: If True, use fake download counts for testing purposes.
+        fake: If `True`, use fake download counts for testing purposes.
    """
    resolved_packages: list[ResolvedPackage] = _get_weekly_downloads(PACKAGES, fake)

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ LangGraph provides three ways to manage context, which combines the mutability a

 **Static runtime context** represents immutable data like user metadata, tools, and database connections that are passed to an application at the start of a run via the `context` argument to `invoke`/`stream`. This data does not change during execution.

-!!! version-added "New in LangGraph v0.6: `context` replaces `config['configurable']`"
+!!! version-added "Added in version 0.6.0: `context` replaces `config['configurable']`"

    Runtime context is now passed to the `context` argument of `invoke`/`stream`,
    which replaces the previous pattern of passing application configuration to `config['configurable']`.
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ output = agent.invoke(
 print(output["messages"][-1].text())
 ```

-!!! version-added "New in LangGraph v0.6"
+!!! version-added "Added in version 0.6.0"

 :::

@@ -351,11 +351,13 @@ If your desired LLM isn't officially supported by LangChain, consider these opti
 :::python

 1. **Implement a custom LangChain chat model**: Create a model conforming to the [LangChain chat model interface](https://python.langchain.com/docs/how_to/custom_chat_model/). This enables full compatibility with LangGraph's agents and workflows but requires understanding of the LangChain framework.
+
   :::

 :::js

 1. **Implement a custom LangChain chat model**: Create a model conforming to the [LangChain chat model interface](https://js.langchain.com/docs/how_to/custom_chat/). This enables full compatibility with LangGraph's agents and workflows but requires understanding of the LangChain framework.
+
   :::

 2. **Direct invocation with custom streaming**: Use your model directly by [adding custom streaming logic](../how-tos/streaming.md#use-with-any-llm) with `StreamWriter`.
@@ -371,6 +373,7 @@ If your desired LLM isn't officially supported by LangChain, consider these opti
 - [Force model to call a specific tool](https://python.langchain.com/docs/how_to/tool_choice/)
 - [All chat model how-to guides](https://python.langchain.com/docs/how_to/#chat-models)
 - [Chat model integrations](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/)
+
  :::

 :::js
@@ -381,4 +384,5 @@ If your desired LLM isn't officially supported by LangChain, consider these opti
 - [Force model to call a specific tool](https://js.langchain.com/docs/how_to/tool_choice/)
 - [All chat model how-to guides](https://js.langchain.com/docs/how_to/#chat-models)
 - [Chat model integrations](https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/)
+
  :::
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
  "openapi": "3.1.0",
  "info": {
-    "title": "LangGraph Platform",
+    "title": "LangSmith Deployment",
    "version": "0.1.0"
  },
  "tags": [
@@ -21,12 +21,16 @@ To leverage durable execution in LangGraph, you need to:
 1. Enable [persistence](./persistence.md) in your workflow by specifying a [checkpointer](./persistence.md#checkpointer-libraries) that will save workflow progress.
 2. Specify a [thread identifier](./persistence.md#threads) when executing a workflow. This will track the execution history for a particular instance of the workflow.

-:::python 
+:::python
+
 3. Wrap any non-deterministic operations (e.g., random number generation) or operations with side effects (e.g., file writes, API calls) inside @[tasks][task] to ensure that when a workflow is resumed, these operations are not repeated for the particular run, and instead their results are retrieved from the persistence layer. For more information, see [Determinism and Consistent Replay](#determinism-and-consistent-replay).
+
 :::

-:::js 
+:::js
+
 3. Wrap any non-deterministic operations (e.g., random number generation) or operations with side effects (e.g., file writes, API calls) inside @[tasks][task] to ensure that when a workflow is resumed, these operations are not repeated for the particular run, and instead their results are retrieved from the persistence layer. For more information, see [Determinism and Consistent Replay](#determinism-and-consistent-replay).
+
 :::

 ## Determinism and Consistent Replay
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ LangGraph supports three durability modes that allow you to balance performance

 A higher durability mode add more overhead to the workflow execution.

-!!! version-added "Added in v0.6.0"
+!!! version-added "Added in version 0.6.0"

    Use the `durability` parameter instead of `checkpoint_during` (deprecated in v0.6.0) for persistence policy management:
    
@@ -73,14 +77,16 @@ A higher durability mode add more overhead to the workflow execution.
    * `checkpoint_during=True` -> `durability="async"`
    * `checkpoint_during=False` -> `durability="exit"`

-
 ### `"exit"`
+
 Changes are persisted only when graph execution completes (either successfully or with an error). This provides the best performance for long-running graphs but means intermediate state is not saved, so you cannot recover from mid-execution failures or interrupt the graph execution.

 ### `"async"`
+
 Changes are persisted asynchronously while the next step executes. This provides good performance and durability, but there's a small risk that checkpoints might not be written if the process crashes during execution.

 ### `"sync"`
+
 Changes are persisted synchronously before the next step starts. This ensures that every checkpoint is written before continuing execution, providing high durability at the cost of some performance overhead.

 You can specify the durability mode when calling any graph execution method:
@@ -310,12 +316,14 @@ Once you have enabled durable execution in your workflow, you can resume executi

 - **Pausing and Resuming Workflows:** Use the @[interrupt][interrupt] function to pause a workflow at specific points and the @[Command] primitive to resume it with updated state. See [**Human-in-the-Loop**](./human_in_the_loop.md) for more details.
 - **Recovering from Failures:** Automatically resume workflows from the last successful checkpoint after an exception (e.g., LLM provider outage). This involves executing the workflow with the same thread identifier by providing it with a `None` as the input value (see this [example](../how-tos/use-functional-api.md#resuming-after-an-error) with the functional API).
+
  :::

 :::js

 - **Pausing and Resuming Workflows:** Use the @[interrupt][interrupt] function to pause a workflow at specific points and the @[Command] primitive to resume it with updated state. See [**Human-in-the-Loop**](./human_in_the_loop.md) for more details.
 - **Recovering from Failures:** Automatically resume workflows from the last successful checkpoint after an exception (e.g., LLM provider outage). This involves executing the workflow with the same thread identifier by providing it with a `null` as the input value (see this [example](../how-tos/use-functional-api.md#resuming-after-an-error) with the functional API).
+
  :::

 ## Starting Points for Resuming Workflows
@@ -326,6 +334,7 @@ Once you have enabled durable execution in your workflow, you can resume executi
 - If you're making a subgraph call inside a node, the starting point will be the **parent** node that called the subgraph that was halted.
  Inside the subgraph, the starting point will be the specific [**node**](./low_level.md#nodes) where execution stopped.
 - If you're using the Functional API, the starting point is the beginning of the [**entrypoint**](./functional_api.md#entrypoint) where execution stopped.
+
  :::

 :::js
@@ -334,4 +343,5 @@ Once you have enabled durable execution in your workflow, you can resume executi
 - If you're making a subgraph call inside a node, the starting point will be the **parent** node that called the subgraph that was halted.
  Inside the subgraph, the starting point will be the specific [**node**](./low_level.md#nodes) where execution stopped.
 - If you're using the Functional API, the starting point is the beginning of the [**entrypoint**](./functional_api.md#entrypoint) where execution stopped.
+
  :::
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ output = agent.invoke(
 print(output["messages"][-1].text())
 ```

-!!! version-added "New in langgraph>=0.6"
+!!! version-added "Added in version 0.6.0"

 :::

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@

 ::: langgraph.cache.base
 ::: langgraph.cache.memory
-::: langgraph.cache.sqlite
+::: langgraph.cache.sqlite
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The server will start and open the studio in your browser:
 > - 📚 API Docs: http://127.0.0.1:2024/docs
 >
 > This in-memory server is designed for development and testing.
-> For production use, please use LangGraph Platform.
+> For production use, please use LangSmith Deployment.
 ```

 If you were to self-host this on the public internet, anyone could access it!
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
    }

    .md-banner {
-      background-color: #CFC9FA;
+      background-color: #FFAE42;
      color: #000000;
    }

@@ -360,5 +360,5 @@ j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
 {% endblock %}

 {% block announce %}
-Our new LangChain Academy Course Deep Research with LangGraph is now live! <a href="https://academy.langchain.com/courses/deep-research-with-langgraph/?utm_medium=internal&utm_source=docs&utm_campaign=q3-2025_deep-research-course_co" target="_blank">Enroll for free</a>.
+These docs will be deprecated and removed with the release of LangGraph v1.0 in October 2025. <a href="https://docs.langchain.com/oss/python/langgraph/overview" target="_blank">Visit the v1.0 alpha docs</a>
 {% endblock %}
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ name = "langgraph-docs"
 version = "0.0.1"
 description = "LangGraph docs"
 authors = []
-requires-python = "~=3.11"
+requires-python = ">=3.11.0,<4.0.0"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 dependencies = [
    "aiohappyeyeballs==2.4.3",
-    "hub>=3.0.1,<4",
-    "xxhash>=3.5.0,<4",
-    "black>=25.1.0,<26",
+    "hub>=3.0.1,<4.0.0",
+    "xxhash>=3.5.0,<4.0.0",
+    "black>=25.1.0,<26.0.0",
 ]

 [dependency-groups]
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 version = 1
-revision = 2
+revision = 3
 requires-python = ">=3.11, <4"
 resolution-markers = [
    "python_full_version >= '3.13' and platform_python_implementation != 'PyPy'",
@@ -2337,7 +2337,7 @@ wheels = [

 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph"
-version = "0.6.2"
+version = "0.6.7"
 source = { editable = "../libs/langgraph" }
 dependencies = [
    { name = "langchain-core" },
@@ -2380,6 +2380,7 @@ dev = [
    { name = "pytest-repeat" },
    { name = "pytest-watcher" },
    { name = "pytest-xdist", extras = ["psutil"] },
+    { name = "redis" },
    { name = "ruff" },
    { name = "syrupy" },
    { name = "types-requests" },
@@ -2413,6 +2414,7 @@ dev = [
    { name = "pytest-asyncio" },
    { name = "pytest-mock" },
    { name = "pytest-watcher" },
+    { name = "redis" },
    { name = "ruff" },
 ]

@@ -2643,7 +2645,7 @@ test = [

 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-prebuilt"
-version = "0.6.2"
+version = "0.6.4"
 source = { editable = "../libs/prebuilt" }
 dependencies = [
    { name = "langchain-core" },
@@ -2674,7 +2676,6 @@ dev = [

 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-sdk"
-version = "0.2.0"
 source = { editable = "../libs/sdk-py" }
 dependencies = [
    { name = "httpx" },
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   "id": "18526f23",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
-    "This file has been moved to https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph/blob/main/docs/docs/how-tos/persistence_postgres.ipynb"
+    "This file has been moved to https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph/blob/main/docs/docs/how-tos/memory/add-memory.md"
   ]
  }
 ],
@@ -7,11 +7,6 @@ from contextlib import contextmanager
 from typing import Any

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
-from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
-from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
-from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
    ChannelVersions,
@@ -19,12 +14,17 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    CheckpointMetadata,
    CheckpointTuple,
    get_checkpoint_id,
-    get_checkpoint_metadata,
+    get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
+from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _internal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import ShallowPostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol

 Conn = _internal.Conn  # For backward compatibility

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            for v, migration in zip(
                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                strict=False,
            ):
                cur.execute(migration)
                cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
@@ -115,12 +116,12 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):

        Args:
            config: The config to use for listing the checkpoints.
-            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata. Defaults to None.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
-            limit: The maximum number of checkpoints to return. Defaults to None.
+            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
+            limit: The maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of checkpoint tuples.
+            An iterator of checkpoint tuples.

        Examples:
            >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.

        Examples:

@@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    checkpoint["id"],
                    checkpoint_id,
                    Jsonb(copy),
-                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                ),
            )
        return next_config
@@ -450,7 +451,7 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            {
                **value["checkpoint"],
                "channel_values": {
-                    **value["checkpoint"].get("channel_values"),
+                    **(value["checkpoint"].get("channel_values") or {}),
                    **self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
                },
            },
@@ -2,13 +2,12 @@

 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from typing import Union

 from psycopg import AsyncConnection
 from psycopg.rows import DictRow
 from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool

-Conn = Union[AsyncConnection[DictRow], AsyncConnectionPool[AsyncConnection[DictRow]]]
+Conn = AsyncConnection[DictRow] | AsyncConnectionPool[AsyncConnection[DictRow]]


@asynccontextmanager
@@ -2,13 +2,12 @@

 from collections.abc import Iterator
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Union

 from psycopg import Connection
 from psycopg.rows import DictRow
 from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool

-Conn = Union[Connection[DictRow], ConnectionPool[Connection[DictRow]]]
+Conn = Connection[DictRow] | ConnectionPool[Connection[DictRow]]


@contextmanager
@@ -7,11 +7,6 @@ from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from typing import Any

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
-from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
-from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
-from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
    ChannelVersions,
@@ -19,12 +14,17 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    CheckpointMetadata,
    CheckpointTuple,
    get_checkpoint_id,
-    get_checkpoint_metadata,
+    get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
+from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import AsyncShallowPostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol

 Conn = _ainternal.Conn  # For backward compatibility

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            for v, migration in zip(
                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                strict=False,
            ):
                await cur.execute(migration)
                await cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
@@ -121,11 +122,11 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        Args:
            config: Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]: An asynchronous iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            An asynchronous iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
        """
        where, args = self._search_where(config, filter, before)
        query = self.SELECT_SQL + where + " ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and "checkpoint_id" is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
        checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    checkpoint["id"],
                    checkpoint_id,
                    Jsonb(copy),
-                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                ),
            )
        return next_config
@@ -409,7 +410,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            {
                **value["checkpoint"],
                "channel_values": {
-                    **value["checkpoint"].get("channel_values"),
+                    **(value["checkpoint"].get("channel_values") or {}),
                    **self._load_blobs(value["channel_values"]),
                },
            },
@@ -444,11 +445,11 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        Args:
            config: Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
        """
        try:
            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
@@ -476,7 +477,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and "checkpoint_id" is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -484,7 +485,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        try:
            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

 import random
+import warnings
 from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Any, Optional, cast
+from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
+from typing import Any, cast

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
    BaseCheckpointSaver,
@@ -14,8 +14,21 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    get_checkpoint_id,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb

-MetadataInput = Optional[dict[str, Any]]
+MetadataInput = dict[str, Any] | None
+
+try:
+    major, minor = get_version("langgraph").split(".")[:2]
+    if int(major) == 0 and int(minor) < 5:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "You're using incompatible versions of langgraph and checkpoint-postgres. Please upgrade langgraph to avoid unexpected behavior.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+except Exception:
+    # skip version check if running from source
+    pass

 """
 To add a new migration, add a new string to the MIGRATIONS list.
@@ -3,9 +3,19 @@ import threading
 import warnings
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager, contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
+    ChannelVersions,
+    Checkpoint,
+    CheckpointMetadata,
+    CheckpointTuple,
+    get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata,
+)
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
 from psycopg import (
    AsyncConnection,
    AsyncCursor,
@@ -19,18 +29,8 @@ from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
 from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
 from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool, ConnectionPool

-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
-    ChannelVersions,
-    Checkpoint,
-    CheckpointMetadata,
-    CheckpointTuple,
-    get_checkpoint_metadata,
-)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal, _internal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import BasePostgresSaver
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS

 """
 To add a new migration, add a new string to the MIGRATIONS list.
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ def _dump_blobs(
    checkpoint_ns: str,
    values: dict[str, Any],
    versions: ChannelVersions,
-) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, Optional[bytes]]]:
+) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, str, bytes | None]]:
    if not versions:
        return []

@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
    def __init__(
        self,
        conn: _internal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[Pipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+        pipe: Pipeline | None = None,
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        warnings.warn(
            "ShallowPostgresSaver is deprecated as of version 2.0.20 and will be removed in 3.0.0. "
@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            for v, migration in zip(
                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                strict=False,
            ):
                cur.execute(migration)
                cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
@@ -257,11 +258,11 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):

    def list(
        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
    ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
        """List checkpoints from the database.

@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    pending_writes=self._load_writes(value["pending_writes"]),
                )

-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.

        Examples:

@@ -441,7 +442,7 @@ class ShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    thread_id,
                    checkpoint_ns,
                    Jsonb(copy),
-                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                ),
            )
        return next_config
@@ -542,8 +543,8 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
    def __init__(
        self,
        conn: _ainternal.Conn,
-        pipe: Optional[AsyncPipeline] = None,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+        pipe: AsyncPipeline | None = None,
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        warnings.warn(
            "AsyncShallowPostgresSaver is deprecated as of version 2.0.20 and will be removed in 3.0.0. "
@@ -570,7 +571,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
        conn_string: str,
        *,
        pipeline: bool = False,
-        serde: Optional[SerializerProtocol] = None,
+        serde: SerializerProtocol | None = None,
    ) -> AsyncIterator["AsyncShallowPostgresSaver"]:
        """Create a new AsyncShallowPostgresSaver instance from a connection string.

@@ -610,6 +611,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            for v, migration in zip(
                range(version + 1, len(self.MIGRATIONS)),
                self.MIGRATIONS[version + 1 :],
+                strict=False,
            ):
                await cur.execute(migration)
                await cur.execute(f"INSERT INTO checkpoint_migrations (v) VALUES ({v})")
@@ -618,11 +620,11 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):

    async def alist(
        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
    ) -> AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]:
        """List checkpoints from the database asynchronously.

@@ -662,7 +664,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    ),
                )

-    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -672,7 +674,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
@@ -774,7 +776,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                    thread_id,
                    checkpoint_ns,
                    Jsonb(copy),
-                    Jsonb(get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
+                    Jsonb(get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)),
                ),
            )
        return next_config
@@ -861,11 +863,11 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):

    def list(
        self,
-        config: Optional[RunnableConfig],
+        config: RunnableConfig | None,
        *,
-        filter: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        before: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        filter: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
    ) -> Iterator[CheckpointTuple]:
        """List checkpoints from the database.

@@ -883,7 +885,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            except StopAsyncIteration:
                break

-    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> Optional[CheckpointTuple]:
+    def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the Postgres database based on the
@@ -893,7 +895,7 @@ class AsyncShallowPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        try:
            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 from langgraph.store.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresStore
-from langgraph.store.postgres.base import PostgresStore
+from langgraph.store.postgres.base import PoolConfig, PostgresStore

-__all__ = ["AsyncPostgresStore", "PostgresStore"]
+__all__ = ["AsyncPostgresStore", "PoolConfig", "PostgresStore"]
@@ -2,17 +2,12 @@ from __future__ import annotations

 import asyncio
 import logging
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterable, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterable, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import Any, Callable, cast
+from typing import Any, cast

 import orjson
-from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
-from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
-from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
-
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    ListNamespacesOp,
@@ -22,6 +17,11 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    SearchOp,
 )
 from langgraph.store.base.batch import AsyncBatchedBaseStore
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
+from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
+from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal
 from langgraph.store.postgres.base import (
    PLACEHOLDER,
    BasePostgresStore,
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con

        Args:
            timeout: Maximum time to wait for the task to stop, in seconds.
-                If None, wait indefinitely.
+                If `None`, wait indefinitely.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the task was successfully stopped or wasn't running,
@@ -465,7 +465,9 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
                    query,
                    [
                        p
-                        for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors)
+                        for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(
+                            txt_params, vectors, strict=False
+                        )
                        for p in (ns, k, pathname, vector)
                    ],
                )
@@ -486,13 +488,13 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
            vectors = await self.embeddings.aembed_documents(
                [query for _, query in embedding_requests]
            )
-            for (idx, _), vector in zip(embedding_requests, vectors):
+            for (idx, _), vector in zip(embedding_requests, vectors, strict=False):
                _paramslist = queries[idx][1]
                for i in range(len(_paramslist)):
                    if _paramslist[i] is PLACEHOLDER:
                        _paramslist[i] = vector

-        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries):
+        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries, strict=False):
            await cur.execute(query, params)
            rows = cast(list[Row], await cur.fetchall())
            items = [
@@ -510,7 +512,7 @@ class AsyncPostgresStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_ainternal.Con
        cur: AsyncCursor[DictRow],
    ) -> None:
        queries = self._get_batch_list_namespaces_queries(list_ops)
-        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops):
+        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops, strict=False):
            await cur.execute(query, params)
            rows = cast(list[dict], await cur.fetchall())
            namespaces = [_decode_ns_bytes(row["truncated_prefix"]) for row in rows]
@@ -6,30 +6,20 @@ import json
 import logging
 import threading
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
-    Callable,
    Generic,
    Literal,
    NamedTuple,
    TypeVar,
-    Union,
    cast,
 )

 import orjson
-from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
-from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
-from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
-from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
-from typing_extensions import TypedDict
-
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal as _ainternal
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _internal as _pg_internal
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    BaseStore,
    GetOp,
@@ -46,6 +36,14 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    get_text_at_path,
    tokenize_path,
 )
+from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
+from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
+from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
+from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal as _ainternal
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _internal as _pg_internal

 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from langchain_core.embeddings import Embeddings
@@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS store_vectors_embedding_idx ON store_vec
 ]


-C = TypeVar("C", bound=Union[_pg_internal.Conn, _ainternal.Conn])
+C = TypeVar("C", bound=_pg_internal.Conn | _ainternal.Conn)


 class PoolConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
@@ -255,7 +253,7 @@ class BasePostgresStore(Generic[C]):

        results = []
        for namespace, items in namespace_groups.items():
-            _, keys = zip(*items)
+            _, keys = zip(*items, strict=False)
            this_refresh_ttls = refresh_ttls[namespace]

            query = """
@@ -868,7 +866,7 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):

        Args:
            timeout: Maximum time to wait for the thread to stop, in seconds.
-                If None, wait indefinitely.
+                If `None`, wait indefinitely.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the thread was successfully stopped or wasn't running,
@@ -1014,7 +1012,9 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
                    query,
                    [
                        p
-                        for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors)
+                        for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(
+                            txt_params, vectors, strict=False
+                        )
                        for p in (ns, k, pathname, vector)
                    ],
                )
@@ -1035,13 +1035,15 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
            embeddings = self.embeddings.embed_documents(
                [query for _, query in embedding_requests]
            )
-            for (idx, _), embedding in zip(embedding_requests, embeddings):
+            for (idx, _), embedding in zip(
+                embedding_requests, embeddings, strict=False
+            ):
                _paramslist = queries[idx][1]
                for i in range(len(_paramslist)):
                    if _paramslist[i] is PLACEHOLDER:
                        _paramslist[i] = embedding

-        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries):
+        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries, strict=False):
            cur.execute(query, params)
            rows = cast(list[Row], cur.fetchall())
            results[idx] = [
@@ -1058,7 +1060,7 @@ class PostgresStore(BaseStore, BasePostgresStore[_pg_internal.Conn]):
        cur: Cursor[DictRow],
    ) -> None:
        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(
-            self._get_batch_list_namespaces_queries(list_ops), list_ops
+            self._get_batch_list_namespaces_queries(list_ops), list_ops, strict=False
        ):
            cur.execute(query, params)
            results[idx] = [_decode_ns_bytes(row["truncated_prefix"]) for row in cur]
@@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"

 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-postgres"
-version = "2.0.23"
+version = "3.0.0"
 description = "Library with a Postgres implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
 authors = []
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
 dependencies = [
-  "langgraph-checkpoint>=2.0.21,<3.0.0",
+  "langgraph-checkpoint>=2.1.2,<4.0.0",
  "orjson>=3.10.1",
  "psycopg>=3.2.0",
  "psycopg-pool>=3.2.0",
@@ -22,18 +22,24 @@ dependencies = [
 Repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"

 [dependency-groups]
-dev = [
-  "ruff",
-  "codespell",
+test = [
  "pytest",
  "anyio",
  "pytest-asyncio",
  "pytest-mock",
-  "mypy",
  "psycopg[binary]",
  "langgraph-checkpoint",
  "pytest-watcher",
 ]
+lint = [
+  "ruff",
+  "codespell",
+  "mypy",
+]
+dev = [
+  {include-group = "test"},
+  {include-group = "lint"},
+]

 [tool.uv]
 default-groups = ['dev']
@@ -55,8 +61,10 @@ lint.select = [
  "UP", # pyupgrade
  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
  "I",  # isort
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
 ]
 lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
+target-version = "py310"

 [tool.mypy]
 # https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html
@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ from uuid import uuid4

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg import AsyncConnection
-from psycopg.rows import dict_row
-from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    EXCLUDED_METADATA_KEYS,
    Checkpoint,
@@ -17,11 +13,15 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    create_checkpoint,
    empty_checkpoint,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import (
    AsyncPostgresSaver,
    AsyncShallowPostgresSaver,
 )
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
 from tests.conftest import DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI


@@ -187,13 +187,11 @@ def test_data():
    metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
        "source": "input",
        "step": 2,
-        "writes": {},
        "score": 1,
    }
    metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
        "source": "loop",
        "step": 1,
-        "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
        "score": None,
    }
    metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
@@ -220,7 +218,6 @@ async def test_combined_metadata(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
        metadata: CheckpointMetadata = {
            "source": "loop",
            "step": 1,
-            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
            "score": None,
        }
        await saver.aput(config, chkpnt, metadata, {})
@@ -246,7 +243,6 @@ async def test_asearch(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
        query_1 = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
        query_2 = {
            "step": 1,
-            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
        }  # search by multiple keys
        query_3: dict[str, Any] = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
        query_4 = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
@@ -344,3 +340,34 @@ async def test_pending_sends_migration(saver_name: str) -> None:
            TASKS: ["send-1", "send-2", "send-3"]
        }
        assert TASKS in search_results[0].checkpoint["channel_versions"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
+async def test_get_checkpoint_no_channel_values(
+    monkeypatch, saver_name: str, test_data
+) -> None:
+    """Backwards compatibility test that verifies a checkpoint with no channel_values key can be retrieved without throwing an error."""
+    async with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
+        config = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+                "__super_private_key": "super_private_value",
+            },
+            "metadata": {"run_id": "my_run_id"},
+        }
+        chkpnt: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(empty_checkpoint(), {}, 1)
+        await saver.aput(config, chkpnt, {}, {})
+
+        load_checkpoint_tuple = saver._load_checkpoint_tuple
+
+        def patched_load_checkpoint_tuple(value):
+            value["checkpoint"].pop("channel_values", None)
+            return load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            saver, "_load_checkpoint_tuple", patched_load_checkpoint_tuple
+        )
+
+        checkpoint = await saver.aget_tuple(config)
+        assert checkpoint.checkpoint["channel_values"] == {}
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations

 import asyncio
 import itertools
-import sys
 import uuid
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
@@ -12,8 +11,6 @@ from typing import Any

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.embeddings import Embeddings
-from psycopg import AsyncConnection
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    Item,
@@ -21,6 +18,8 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    PutOp,
    SearchOp,
 )
+from psycopg import AsyncConnection
+
 from langgraph.store.postgres import AsyncPostgresStore
 from tests.conftest import (
    DEFAULT_URI,
@@ -34,9 +33,6 @@ TTL_MINUTES = TTL_SECONDS / 60

@pytest.fixture(scope="function", params=["default", "pipe", "pool"])
 async def store(request) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncPostgresStore]:
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
-        pytest.skip("Async Postgres tests require Python 3.10+")
-
    database = f"test_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:16]}"
    uri_parts = DEFAULT_URI.split("/")
    uri_base = "/".join(uri_parts[:-1])
@@ -358,8 +354,6 @@ async def _create_vector_store(
    text_fields: list[str] | None = None,
 ) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncPostgresStore]:
    """Create a store with vector search enabled."""
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
-        pytest.skip("Async Postgres tests require Python 3.10+")

    database = f"test_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:16]}"
    uri_parts = DEFAULT_URI.split("/")
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ from uuid import uuid4

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.embeddings import Embeddings
-from psycopg import Connection
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    Item,
@@ -19,6 +17,8 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    PutOp,
    SearchOp,
 )
+from psycopg import Connection
+
 from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore
 from tests.conftest import (
    DEFAULT_URI,
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ def _cosine_similarity(X: list[float], Y: list[list[float]]) -> list[float]:

    similarities = []
    for y in Y:
-        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y))
+        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y, strict=False))
        norm1 = sum(a * a for a in X) ** 0.5
        norm2 = sum(a * a for a in y) ** 0.5
        similarity = dot_product / (norm1 * norm2) if norm1 > 0 and norm2 > 0 else 0.0
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ def _inner_product(X: list[float], Y: list[list[float]]) -> list[float]:

    similarities = []
    for y in Y:
-        similarity = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y))
+        similarity = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y, strict=False))
        similarities.append(similarity)

    return similarities
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ def _neg_l2_distance(X: list[float], Y: list[list[float]]) -> list[float]:

    similarities = []
    for y in Y:
-        similarity = sum((a - b) ** 2 for a, b in zip(X, y)) ** 0.5
+        similarity = sum((a - b) ** 2 for a, b in zip(X, y, strict=False)) ** 0.5
        similarities.append(-similarity)

    return similarities
@@ -879,12 +879,7 @@ def test_non_ascii(
    distance_type: str,
 ) -> None:
    """Test support for non-ascii characters"""
-    with _create_vector_store(
-        vector_type,
-        distance_type,
-        fake_embeddings
-    ) as store:
-    
+    with _create_vector_store(vector_type, distance_type, fake_embeddings) as store:
        store.put(("user_123", "memories"), "1", {"text": "这是中文"})  # Chinese
        store.put(
            ("user_123", "memories"), "2", {"text": "これは日本語です"}
@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ from uuid import uuid4

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from psycopg import Connection
-from psycopg.rows import dict_row
-from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    EXCLUDED_METADATA_KEYS,
    Checkpoint,
@@ -18,8 +14,12 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    create_checkpoint,
    empty_checkpoint,
 )
-from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver, ShallowPostgresSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
+from psycopg import Connection
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver, ShallowPostgresSaver
 from tests.conftest import DEFAULT_POSTGRES_URI


@@ -169,13 +169,11 @@ def test_data():
    metadata_1: CheckpointMetadata = {
        "source": "input",
        "step": 2,
-        "writes": {},
        "score": 1,
    }
    metadata_2: CheckpointMetadata = {
        "source": "loop",
        "step": 1,
-        "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
        "score": None,
    }
    metadata_3: CheckpointMetadata = {}
@@ -202,7 +200,6 @@ def test_combined_metadata(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
        metadata: CheckpointMetadata = {
            "source": "loop",
            "step": 1,
-            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
            "score": None,
        }
        saver.put(config, chkpnt, metadata, {})
@@ -228,7 +225,6 @@ def test_search(saver_name: str, test_data) -> None:
        query_1 = {"source": "input"}  # search by 1 key
        query_2 = {
            "step": 1,
-            "writes": {"foo": "bar"},
        }  # search by multiple keys
        query_3: dict[str, Any] = {}  # search by no keys, return all checkpoints
        query_4 = {"source": "update", "step": 1}  # no match
@@ -332,3 +328,33 @@ def test_pending_sends_migration(saver_name: str) -> None:
            TASKS: ["send-1", "send-2", "send-3"]
        }
        assert TASKS in search_results[0].checkpoint["channel_versions"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("saver_name", ["base", "pool", "pipe"])
+def test_get_checkpoint_no_channel_values(
+    monkeypatch, saver_name: str, test_data
+) -> None:
+    """Backwards compatibility test that verifies a checkpoint with no channel_values key can be retrieved without throwing an error."""
+    with _saver(saver_name) as saver:
+        config = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": "thread-2",
+                "checkpoint_ns": "",
+                "__super_private_key": "super_private_value",
+            },
+        }
+        chkpnt: Checkpoint = create_checkpoint(empty_checkpoint(), {}, 1)
+        saver.put(config, chkpnt, {}, {})
+
+        load_checkpoint_tuple = saver._load_checkpoint_tuple
+
+        def patched_load_checkpoint_tuple(value):
+            value["checkpoint"].pop("channel_values", None)
+            return load_checkpoint_tuple(value)
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            saver, "_load_checkpoint_tuple", patched_load_checkpoint_tuple
+        )
+
+        checkpoint = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert checkpoint.checkpoint["channel_values"] == {}
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+import json
 import random
 import sqlite3
 import threading
@@ -8,7 +9,6 @@ from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
 from typing import Any, cast

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
    BaseCheckpointSaver,
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    get_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where

 _AIO_ERROR_MSG = (
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the SQLite database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and checkpoint ID is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.

        Examples:

@@ -265,9 +266,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
                    cast(
                        CheckpointMetadata,
-                        self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata)
-                        if metadata is not None
-                        else {},
+                        json.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                    ),
                    (
                        {
@@ -301,12 +300,12 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):

        Args:
            config: The config to use for listing the checkpoints.
-            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata. Defaults to None.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
-            limit: The maximum number of checkpoints to return. Defaults to None.
+            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
+            limit: The maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of checkpoint tuples.
+            An iterator of checkpoint tuples.

        Examples:
            >>> from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
@@ -358,9 +357,7 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
                    cast(
                        CheckpointMetadata,
-                        self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata)
-                        if metadata is not None
-                        else {},
+                        json.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {},
                    ),
                    (
                        {
@@ -413,9 +410,9 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
        type_, serialized_checkpoint = self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint)
-        serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(
-            get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)
-        )
+        serialized_metadata = json.dumps(
+            get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata), ensure_ascii=False
+        ).encode("utf-8", "ignore")
        with self.cursor() as cur:
            cur.execute(
                "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO checkpoints (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint, metadata) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

 import asyncio
+import json
 import random
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from typing import Any, Callable, TypeVar, cast
+from typing import Any, TypeVar, cast

 import aiosqlite
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    WRITES_IDX_MAP,
    BaseCheckpointSaver,
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    get_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where

 T = TypeVar("T", bound=Callable)
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the SQLite database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and checkpoint ID is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        try:
            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
@@ -181,11 +182,11 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        Args:
            config: Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
        """
        try:
            # check if we are in the main thread, only bg threads can block
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the SQLite database based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and checkpoint ID is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -324,7 +325,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        await self.setup()
        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
@@ -377,9 +378,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
                    cast(
                        CheckpointMetadata,
-                        self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata)
-                        if metadata is not None
-                        else {},
+                        (json.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {}),
                    ),
                    (
                        {
@@ -414,11 +413,11 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        Args:
            config: Base configuration for filtering checkpoints.
            filter: Additional filtering criteria for metadata.
-            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned. Defaults to None.
+            before: If provided, only checkpoints before the specified checkpoint ID are returned.
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]: An asynchronous iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            An asynchronous iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
        """
        await self.setup()
        where, params = search_where(config, filter, before)
@@ -457,9 +456,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                    self.serde.loads_typed((type, checkpoint)),
                    cast(
                        CheckpointMetadata,
-                        self.jsonplus_serde.loads(metadata)
-                        if metadata is not None
-                        else {},
+                        (json.loads(metadata) if metadata is not None else {}),
                    ),
                    (
                        {
@@ -503,9 +500,9 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
        thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"]
        type_, serialized_checkpoint = self.serde.dumps_typed(checkpoint)
-        serialized_metadata = self.jsonplus_serde.dumps(
-            get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)
-        )
+        serialized_metadata = json.dumps(
+            get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata), ensure_ascii=False
+        ).encode("utf-8", "ignore")
        async with (
            self.lock,
            self.conn.execute(
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Any

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import get_checkpoint_id


@@ -3,15 +3,14 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterable, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterable, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import Any, Callable, cast
+from typing import Any, cast

 import aiosqlite
 import orjson
 import sqlite_vec  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    ListNamespacesOp,
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    TTLConfig,
 )
 from langgraph.store.base.batch import AsyncBatchedBaseStore
+
 from langgraph.store.sqlite.base import (
    _PLACEHOLDER,
    BaseSqliteStore,
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):

        Args:
            timeout: Maximum time to wait for the task to stop, in seconds.
-                If None, wait indefinitely.
+                If `None`, wait indefinitely.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the task was successfully stopped or wasn't running,
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):

            # Convert vectors to SQLite-friendly format
            vector_params = []
-            for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors):
+            for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors, strict=False):
                vector_params.extend(
                    [ns, k, pathname, sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(vector)]
                )
@@ -507,7 +507,9 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):
            results: List to store results in.
            cur: Database cursor.
        """
-        queries, embedding_requests = self._prepare_batch_search_queries(search_ops)
+        prepared_queries, embedding_requests = self._prepare_batch_search_queries(
+            search_ops
+        )

        # Setup dot_product function if it doesn't exist
        if embedding_requests and self.embeddings:
@@ -515,23 +517,62 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):
                [query for _, query in embedding_requests]
            )

-            for (idx, _), embedding in zip(embedding_requests, vectors):
-                _params_list: list = queries[idx][1]
-                for i, param in enumerate(_params_list):
-                    if param is _PLACEHOLDER:
-                        _params_list[i] = sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(embedding)
+            for (embed_req_idx, _), embedding in zip(
+                embedding_requests, vectors, strict=False
+            ):
+                # Find the corresponding query in prepared_queries
+                # The embed_req_idx is the original index in search_ops, which should map to prepared_queries
+                if embed_req_idx < len(prepared_queries):
+                    _params_list: list = prepared_queries[embed_req_idx][1]
+                    for i, param in enumerate(_params_list):
+                        if param is _PLACEHOLDER:
+                            _params_list[i] = sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(embedding)
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Embedding request index {embed_req_idx} out of bounds for prepared_queries."
+                    )

-        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries):
+        for (original_op_idx, _), (query, params, needs_refresh) in zip(
+            search_ops, prepared_queries, strict=False
+        ):
            await cur.execute(query, params)
            rows = await cur.fetchall()

-            if "score" in query:
+            if needs_refresh and rows and self.ttl_config:
+                keys_to_refresh = []
+                for row_data in rows:
+                    # Assuming row_data[0] is prefix (text), row_data[1] is key (text)
+                    # These are raw text values directly from the DB.
+                    keys_to_refresh.append((row_data[0], row_data[1]))
+
+                if keys_to_refresh:
+                    updates_by_prefix = defaultdict(list)
+                    for prefix_text, key_text in keys_to_refresh:
+                        updates_by_prefix[prefix_text].append(key_text)
+
+                    for prefix_text, key_list in updates_by_prefix.items():
+                        placeholders = ",".join(["?"] * len(key_list))
+                        update_query = f"""
+                            UPDATE store
+                            SET expires_at = DATETIME(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, '+' || ttl_minutes || ' minutes')
+                            WHERE prefix = ? AND key IN ({placeholders}) AND ttl_minutes IS NOT NULL
+                        """
+                        update_params = (prefix_text, *key_list)
+                        try:
+                            await cur.execute(update_query, update_params)
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            logger.error(
+                                f"Error during TTL refresh update for search: {e}"
+                            )
+
+            # Process rows into items
+            if "score" in query:  # Vector search query
                items = [
                    _row_to_search_item(
-                        _decode_ns_text(row[0]),
+                        _decode_ns_text(row[0]),  # prefix
                        {
-                            "key": row[1],
-                            "value": row[2],
+                            "key": row[1],  # key
+                            "value": row[2],  # value
                            "created_at": row[3],
                            "updated_at": row[4],
                            "expires_at": row[5] if len(row) > 5 else None,
@@ -545,10 +586,10 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):
            else:  # Regular search query
                items = [
                    _row_to_search_item(
-                        _decode_ns_text(row[0]),
+                        _decode_ns_text(row[0]),  # prefix
                        {
-                            "key": row[1],
-                            "value": row[2],
+                            "key": row[1],  # key
+                            "value": row[2],  # value
                            "created_at": row[3],
                            "updated_at": row[4],
                            "expires_at": row[5] if len(row) > 5 else None,
@@ -559,7 +600,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):
                    for row in rows
                ]

-            results[idx] = items
+            results[original_op_idx] = items

    async def _batch_list_namespaces_ops(
        self,
@@ -575,7 +616,7 @@ class AsyncSqliteStore(AsyncBatchedBaseStore, BaseSqliteStore):
            cur: Database cursor.
        """
        queries = self._get_batch_list_namespaces_queries(list_ops)
-        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops):
+        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops, strict=False):
            await cur.execute(query, params)

            rows = await cur.fetchall()
@@ -7,13 +7,12 @@ import re
 import sqlite3
 import threading
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Callable, Literal, NamedTuple, cast
+from typing import Any, Literal, NamedTuple, cast

 import orjson
 import sqlite_vec  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    BaseStore,
    GetOp,
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ class BaseSqliteStore:

        results = []
        for namespace, items in namespace_groups.items():
-            _, keys = zip(*items)
+            _, keys = zip(*items, strict=False)
            this_refresh_ttls = refresh_ttls[namespace]
            refresh_ttl_any = any(this_refresh_ttls)

@@ -372,13 +371,15 @@ class BaseSqliteStore:
    def _prepare_batch_search_queries(
        self, search_ops: Sequence[tuple[int, SearchOp]]
    ) -> tuple[
-        list[tuple[str, list[None | str | list[float]]]],  # queries, params
+        list[
+            tuple[str, list[None | str | list[float]], bool]
+        ],  # queries, params, needs_refresh
        list[tuple[int, str]],  # idx, query_text pairs to embed
    ]:
        """
-        Build per-SearchOp SQL queries (with optional TTL refresh) plus embedding requests.
+        Build per-SearchOp SQL queries (with optional TTL refresh flag) plus embedding requests.
        Returns:
-        - queries: list of (SQL, param_list)
+        - queries: list of (SQL, param_list, needs_ttl_refresh_flag)
        - embedding_requests: list of (original_index_in_search_ops, text_query)
        """
        queries = []
@@ -519,30 +520,18 @@ class BaseSqliteStore:
                logger.debug(f"Search query: {base_query}")
                logger.debug(f"Search params: {params}")

-            # Handle TTL refresh if requested
-            if (
+            # Determine if TTL refresh is needed
+            needs_ttl_refresh = bool(
                op.refresh_ttl
                and self.ttl_config
                and self.ttl_config.get("refresh_on_read", False)
-            ):
-                final_sql = f"""
-                    WITH search_results AS (
-                        {base_query}
-                    ),
-                    updated AS (
-                        UPDATE store
-                        SET expires_at = DATETIME(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, '+' || ttl_minutes || ' minutes')
-                        WHERE (prefix, key) IN (SELECT prefix, key FROM search_results)
-                        AND ttl_minutes IS NOT NULL
-                    )
-                    SELECT * FROM search_results
-                """
-                final_params = params[:]  # copy params
-            else:
-                final_sql = base_query
-                final_params = params
+            )

-            queries.append((final_sql, final_params))
+            # The base_query is now the final_sql, and we pass the refresh flag
+            final_sql = base_query
+            final_params = params
+
+            queries.append((final_sql, final_params, needs_ttl_refresh))

        return queries, embedding_requests

@@ -840,7 +829,7 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):

        results = []
        for namespace, items in namespace_groups.items():
-            _, keys = zip(*items)
+            _, keys = zip(*items, strict=False)
            this_refresh_ttls = refresh_ttls[namespace]
            refresh_ttl_any = any(this_refresh_ttls)

@@ -1167,7 +1156,7 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):

        Args:
            timeout: Maximum time to wait for the thread to stop, in seconds.
-                If None, wait indefinitely.
+                If `None`, wait indefinitely.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the thread was successfully stopped or wasn't running,
@@ -1315,7 +1304,7 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):

            # Convert vectors to SQLite-friendly format
            vector_params = []
-            for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors):
+            for (ns, k, pathname, _), vector in zip(txt_params, vectors, strict=False):
                vector_params.extend(
                    [ns, k, pathname, sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(vector)]
                )
@@ -1331,7 +1320,9 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):
        results: list[Result],
        cur: sqlite3.Cursor,
    ) -> None:
-        queries, embedding_requests = self._prepare_batch_search_queries(search_ops)
+        prepared_queries, embedding_requests = self._prepare_batch_search_queries(
+            search_ops
+        )

        # Setup similarity functions if they don't exist
        if embedding_requests and self.embeddings:
@@ -1341,16 +1332,50 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):
            )

            # Replace placeholders with actual embeddings
-            for (idx, _), embedding in zip(embedding_requests, embeddings):
-                _params_list: list = queries[idx][1]
-                for i, param in enumerate(_params_list):
-                    if param is _PLACEHOLDER:
-                        _params_list[i] = sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(embedding)
+            for (embed_req_idx, _), embedding in zip(
+                embedding_requests, embeddings, strict=False
+            ):
+                if embed_req_idx < len(prepared_queries):
+                    _params_list: list = prepared_queries[embed_req_idx][1]
+                    for i, param in enumerate(_params_list):
+                        if param is _PLACEHOLDER:
+                            _params_list[i] = sqlite_vec.serialize_float32(embedding)
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Embedding request index {embed_req_idx} out of bounds for prepared_queries."
+                    )

-        for (idx, _), (query, params) in zip(search_ops, queries):
+        for (original_op_idx, _), (query, params, needs_refresh) in zip(
+            search_ops, prepared_queries, strict=False
+        ):
            cur.execute(query, params)
            rows = cur.fetchall()

+            if needs_refresh and rows and self.ttl_config:
+                keys_to_refresh = []
+                for row_data in rows:
+                    keys_to_refresh.append((row_data[0], row_data[1]))
+
+                if keys_to_refresh:
+                    updates_by_prefix = defaultdict(list)
+                    for prefix_text, key_text in keys_to_refresh:
+                        updates_by_prefix[prefix_text].append(key_text)
+
+                    for prefix_text, key_list in updates_by_prefix.items():
+                        placeholders = ",".join(["?"] * len(key_list))
+                        update_query = f"""
+                            UPDATE store
+                            SET expires_at = DATETIME(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, '+' || ttl_minutes || ' minutes')
+                            WHERE prefix = ? AND key IN ({placeholders}) AND ttl_minutes IS NOT NULL
+                        """
+                        update_params = (prefix_text, *key_list)
+                        try:
+                            cur.execute(update_query, update_params)
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            logger.error(
+                                f"Error during TTL refresh update for search: {e}"
+                            )
+
            if "score" in query:  # Vector search query
                items = [
                    _row_to_search_item(
@@ -1385,7 +1410,7 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):
                    for row in rows
                ]

-            results[idx] = items
+            results[original_op_idx] = items

    def _batch_list_namespaces_ops(
        self,
@@ -1394,7 +1419,7 @@ class SqliteStore(BaseSqliteStore, BaseStore):
        cur: sqlite3.Cursor,
    ) -> None:
        queries = self._get_batch_list_namespaces_queries(list_ops)
-        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops):
+        for (query, params), (idx, _) in zip(queries, list_ops, strict=False):
            cur.execute(query, params)
            results[idx] = [_decode_ns_text(row[0]) for row in cur.fetchall()]

@@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"

 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite"
-version = "2.0.11"
+version = "3.0.0"
 description = "Library with a SQLite implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
 authors = []
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
 dependencies = [
-    "langgraph-checkpoint>=2.0.21,<3.0.0",
+    "langgraph-checkpoint>=3,<4.0.0",
    "aiosqlite>=0.20",
    "sqlite-vec>=0.1.6",
 ]
@@ -21,17 +21,23 @@ dependencies = [
 Repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"

 [dependency-groups]
-dev = [
-  "ruff",
-  "codespell",
+test = [
  "pytest",
  "pytest-asyncio",
  "pytest-mock",
  "pytest-watcher",
-  "mypy",
  "langgraph-checkpoint",
  "pytest-retry>=1.7.0",
 ]
+lint = [
+  "ruff",
+  "codespell",
+  "mypy",
+]
+dev = [
+  {include-group = "test"},
+  {include-group = "lint"},
+]

 [tool.uv]
 default-groups = ['dev']
@@ -53,8 +59,10 @@ lint.select = [
  "UP", # pyupgrade
  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
  "I",  # isort
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
 ]
 lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
+target-version = "py310"

 [tool.pytest-watcher]
 now = true
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ from typing import Any

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    Checkpoint,
    CheckpointMetadata,
    create_checkpoint,
    empty_checkpoint,
 )
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver


@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ import tempfile
 import uuid
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Generator, Iterable
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from typing import Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import cast

 import pytest
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    Item,
@@ -16,6 +15,7 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    PutOp,
    SearchOp,
 )
+
 from langgraph.store.sqlite import AsyncSqliteStore
 from langgraph.store.sqlite.base import SqliteIndexConfig
 from tests.test_store import CharacterEmbeddings
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def fake_embeddings() -> CharacterEmbeddings:
 async def create_vector_store(
    fake_embeddings: CharacterEmbeddings,
    conn_string: str = ":memory:",
-    text_fields: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+    text_fields: list[str] | None = None,
 ) -> AsyncIterator[AsyncSqliteStore]:
    """Create an AsyncSqliteStore with vector search capabilities."""
    index_config: SqliteIndexConfig = {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ async def test_abatch_order(store: AsyncSqliteStore) -> None:
    ]

    results = await store.abatch(
-        cast(Iterable[Union[GetOp, PutOp, SearchOp, ListNamespacesOp]], ops)
+        cast(Iterable[GetOp | PutOp | SearchOp | ListNamespacesOp], ops)
    )
    assert len(results) == 5
    assert isinstance(results[0], Item)
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ async def test_abatch_order(store: AsyncSqliteStore) -> None:
    ]

    results_reordered = await store.abatch(
-        cast(Iterable[Union[GetOp, PutOp, SearchOp, ListNamespacesOp]], ops_reordered)
+        cast(Iterable[GetOp | PutOp | SearchOp | ListNamespacesOp], ops_reordered)
    )
    assert len(results_reordered) == 5
    assert isinstance(results_reordered[0], list)
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ async def test_search_items(
        fake_embeddings, text_fields=["key0", "key1", "key3"]
    ) as store:
        # Insert test data
-        for ns, item in zip(test_namespaces, test_items):
+        for ns, item in zip(test_namespaces, test_items, strict=False):
            key = f"item_{ns[-1]}"
            await store.aput(ns, key, item)

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ from typing import Any, cast

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
    Checkpoint,
    CheckpointMetadata,
    create_checkpoint,
    empty_checkpoint,
 )
+
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import _metadata_predicate, search_where

@@ -116,7 +116,17 @@ class TestSqliteSaver:
                search_results_5[1].config["configurable"]["checkpoint_ns"],
            } == {"", "inner"}

-            # TODO: test before and limit params
+            # search with before param
+            search_results_6 = list(saver.list(None, before=search_results_5[1].config))
+            assert len(search_results_6) == 1
+            assert search_results_6[0].config["configurable"]["thread_id"] == "thread-1"
+
+            # search with limit param
+            search_results_7 = list(
+                saver.list({"configurable": {"thread_id": "thread-2"}}, limit=1)
+            )
+            assert len(search_results_7) == 1
+            assert search_results_7[0].config["configurable"]["thread_id"] == "thread-2"

    def test_search_where(self) -> None:
        # call method / assertions
@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ import tempfile
 import uuid
 from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Any, Literal, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, Literal, cast

 import pytest
 from langchain_core.embeddings import Embeddings
-
 from langgraph.store.base import (
    GetOp,
    Item,
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ from langgraph.store.base import (
    PutOp,
    SearchOp,
 )
+
 from langgraph.store.sqlite import SqliteStore
 from langgraph.store.sqlite.base import SqliteIndexConfig

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ VECTOR_TYPES = ["cosine"]  # SQLite only supports cosine similarity
@contextmanager
 def create_vector_store(
    fake_embeddings: CharacterEmbeddings,
-    text_fields: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+    text_fields: list[str] | None = None,
    distance_type: str = "cosine",
    conn_type: Literal["memory", "file"] = "memory",
 ) -> Generator[SqliteStore, None, None]:
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def test_batch_order(store: SqliteStore) -> None:
    ]

    results = store.batch(
-        cast(Iterable[Union[GetOp, PutOp, SearchOp, ListNamespacesOp]], ops)
+        cast(Iterable[GetOp | PutOp | SearchOp | ListNamespacesOp], ops)
    )
    assert len(results) == 5
    assert isinstance(results[0], Item)
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def test_batch_order(store: SqliteStore) -> None:
    ]

    results_reordered = store.batch(
-        cast(Iterable[Union[GetOp, PutOp, SearchOp, ListNamespacesOp]], ops_reordered)
+        cast(Iterable[GetOp | PutOp | SearchOp | ListNamespacesOp], ops_reordered)
    )
    assert len(results_reordered) == 5
    assert isinstance(results_reordered[0], list)
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ def test_batch_list_namespaces_ops(store: SqliteStore) -> None:
    ]

    results = store.batch(
-        cast(Iterable[Union[GetOp, PutOp, SearchOp, ListNamespacesOp]], ops)
+        cast(Iterable[GetOp | PutOp | SearchOp | ListNamespacesOp], ops)
    )
    assert len(results) == 3

@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ def _cosine_similarity(X: list[float], Y: list[list[float]]) -> list[float]:

    similarities = []
    for y in Y:
-        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y))
+        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y, strict=False))
        norm1 = sum(a * a for a in X) ** 0.5
        norm2 = sum(a * a for a in y) ** 0.5
        similarity = dot_product / (norm1 * norm2) if norm1 > 0 and norm2 > 0 else 0.0
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ def test_search_items(
        fake_embeddings, text_fields=["key0", "key1", "key3"]
    ) as store:
        # Insert test data
-        for ns, item in zip(test_namespaces, test_items):
+        for ns, item in zip(test_namespaces, test_items, strict=False):
            key = f"item_{ns[-1]}"
            store.put(ns, key, item)

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import time
 from collections.abc import Generator

 import pytest
+from langgraph.store.base import TTLConfig

 from langgraph.store.sqlite import SqliteStore
 from langgraph.store.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteStore
@@ -93,9 +94,13 @@ def test_ttl_sweeper(temp_db_file: str) -> None:
    ttl_seconds = 2
    ttl_minutes = ttl_seconds / 60

+    ttl_config: TTLConfig = {
+        "default_ttl": ttl_minutes,
+        "sweep_interval_minutes": ttl_minutes / 2,
+    }
    with SqliteStore.from_conn_string(
        temp_db_file,
-        ttl={"default_ttl": ttl_minutes, "sweep_interval_minutes": ttl_minutes / 2},
+        ttl=ttl_config,
    ) as store:
        store.setup()

@@ -298,9 +303,14 @@ async def test_async_ttl_sweeper(temp_db_file: str) -> None:
    ttl_seconds = 2
    ttl_minutes = ttl_seconds / 60

+    ttl_config: TTLConfig = {
+        "default_ttl": ttl_minutes,
+        "sweep_interval_minutes": ttl_minutes / 2,
+    }
+
    async with AsyncSqliteStore.from_conn_string(
        temp_db_file,
-        ttl={"default_ttl": ttl_minutes, "sweep_interval_minutes": ttl_minutes / 2},
+        ttl=ttl_config,
    ) as store:
        await store.setup()

@@ -353,3 +363,67 @@ async def test_async_search_with_ttl(temp_db_file: str) -> None:
        # Search after expiration
        results = await store.asearch(("test",), filter={"value": "apple"})
        assert len(results) == 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.flaky(retries=3)
+async def test_async_asearch_refresh_ttl(temp_db_file: str) -> None:
+    """Test TTL refresh on asearch with async API."""
+    ttl_seconds = 4.0  # Increased TTL for less sensitivity to timing
+    ttl_minutes = ttl_seconds / 60.0
+
+    async with AsyncSqliteStore.from_conn_string(
+        temp_db_file, ttl={"default_ttl": ttl_minutes, "refresh_on_read": True}
+    ) as store:
+        await store.setup()
+
+        namespace = ("docs", "user1")
+        # t=0: items put, expire at t=4.0s
+        await store.aput(namespace, "item1", {"text": "content1", "id": 1})
+        await store.aput(namespace, "item2", {"text": "content2", "id": 2})
+
+        # t=3.0s: (after sleep ttl_seconds * 0.75 = 3s)
+        await asyncio.sleep(ttl_seconds * 0.75)
+
+        # Perform asearch with refresh_ttl=True for item1.
+        # item1's TTL should be refreshed. New expiry: t=3.0s + 4.0s = t=7.0s.
+        # item2's TTL is not affected. Expires at t=4.0s.
+        searched_items = await store.asearch(
+            namespace, filter={"id": 1}, refresh_ttl=True
+        )
+        assert len(searched_items) == 1
+        assert searched_items[0].key == "item1"
+
+        # t=5.0s: (after sleep ttl_seconds * 0.5 = 2s more. Total elapsed: 3s + 2s = 5s)
+        await asyncio.sleep(ttl_seconds * 0.5)
+        # At this point:
+        # - item1 (refreshed by asearch) should expire at t=7.0s. Should be ALIVE.
+        # - item2 (original TTL) should have expired at t=4.0s. Should be GONE after sweep.
+
+        await store.sweep_ttl()
+
+        # Check item1 (should exist due to asearch refresh)
+        item1_check1 = await store.aget(namespace, "item1", refresh_ttl=False)
+        assert item1_check1 is not None, (
+            "Item1 should exist after asearch refresh and first sweep"
+        )
+        assert item1_check1.value["text"] == "content1"
+
+        # Check item2 (should be gone)
+        item2_check1 = await store.aget(namespace, "item2", refresh_ttl=False)
+        assert item2_check1 is None, (
+            "Item2 should be gone after its original TTL expired"
+        )
+
+        # t=7.5s: (after sleep ttl_seconds * 0.625 = 2.5s more. Total elapsed: 5s + 2.5s = 7.5s)
+        await asyncio.sleep(ttl_seconds * 0.625)
+        # At this point:
+        # - item1 (refreshed by asearch, expired at t=7.0s) should be GONE after sweep.
+
+        await store.sweep_ttl()
+
+        # Check item1 again (should be gone now)
+        item1_final_check = await store.aget(namespace, "item1", refresh_ttl=False)
+        assert item1_final_check is None, (
+            "Item1 should be gone after its refreshed TTL expired"
+        )
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ from typing import (  # noqa: UP035
    NamedTuple,
    TypedDict,
    TypeVar,
-    Union,
 )

 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
@@ -35,17 +34,17 @@ class CheckpointMetadata(TypedDict, total=False):
    source: Literal["input", "loop", "update", "fork"]
    """The source of the checkpoint.

-    - "input": The checkpoint was created from an input to invoke/stream/batch.
-    - "loop": The checkpoint was created from inside the pregel loop.
-    - "update": The checkpoint was created from a manual state update.
-    - "fork": The checkpoint was created as a copy of another checkpoint.
+    - `"input"`: The checkpoint was created from an input to invoke/stream/batch.
+    - `"loop"`: The checkpoint was created from inside the pregel loop.
+    - `"update"`: The checkpoint was created from a manual state update.
+    - `"fork"`: The checkpoint was created as a copy of another checkpoint.
    """
    step: int
    """The step number of the checkpoint.

-    -1 for the first "input" checkpoint.
-    0 for the first "loop" checkpoint.
-    ... for the nth checkpoint afterwards.
+    `-1` for the first `"input"` checkpoint.
+    `0` for the first `"loop"` checkpoint.
+    `...` for the `nth` checkpoint afterwards.
    """
    parents: dict[str, str]
    """The IDs of the parent checkpoints.
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ class CheckpointMetadata(TypedDict, total=False):
    """


-ChannelVersions = dict[str, Union[str, int, float]]
+ChannelVersions = dict[str, str | int | float]


 class Checkpoint(TypedDict):
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            config: Configuration specifying which checkpoint to retrieve.

        Returns:
-            Optional[Checkpoint]: The requested checkpoint, or None if not found.
+            The requested checkpoint, or `None` if not found.
        """
        if value := self.get_tuple(config):
            return value.checkpoint
@@ -160,7 +159,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            config: Configuration specifying which checkpoint to retrieve.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The requested checkpoint tuple, or None if not found.
+            The requested checkpoint tuple, or `None` if not found.

        Raises:
            NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Returns:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: Iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            Iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.

        Raises:
            NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            config: Configuration specifying which checkpoint to retrieve.

        Returns:
-            Optional[Checkpoint]: The requested checkpoint, or None if not found.
+            The requested checkpoint, or `None` if not found.
        """
        if value := await self.aget_tuple(config):
            return value.checkpoint
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            config: Configuration specifying which checkpoint to retrieve.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The requested checkpoint tuple, or None if not found.
+            The requested checkpoint tuple, or `None` if not found.

        Raises:
            NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Returns:
-            AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]: Async iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            Async iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.

        Raises:
            NotImplementedError: Implement this method in your custom checkpoint saver.
@@ -353,11 +352,11 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
    def get_next_version(self, current: V | None, channel: None) -> V:
        """Generate the next version ID for a channel.

-        Default is to use integer versions, incrementing by 1. If you override, you can use str/int/float versions,
-        as long as they are monotonically increasing.
+        Default is to use integer versions, incrementing by `1`. If you override, you can use `str`/`int`/`float`
+        versions, as long as they are monotonically increasing.

        Args:
-            current: The current version identifier (int, float, or str).
+            current: The current version identifier (`int`, `float`, or `str`).
            channel: Deprecated argument, kept for backwards compatibility.

        Returns:
@@ -404,6 +403,16 @@ def get_checkpoint_metadata(
    return metadata


+def get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata(
+    config: RunnableConfig, metadata: CheckpointMetadata
+) -> CheckpointMetadata:
+    """Get checkpoint metadata in a backwards-compatible manner."""
+    checkpoint_metadata = get_checkpoint_metadata(config, metadata)
+    if "writes" in checkpoint_metadata:
+        checkpoint_metadata.pop("writes")
+    return checkpoint_metadata
+
+
 """
 Mapping from error type to error index.
 Regular writes just map to their index in the list of writes being saved.
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ class InMemorySaver(
        Only use `InMemorySaver` for debugging or testing purposes.
        For production use cases we recommend installing [langgraph-checkpoint-postgres](https://pypi.org/project/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres/) and using `PostgresSaver` / `AsyncPostgresSaver`.

-        If you are using the LangGraph Platform, no checkpointer needs to be specified. The correct managed checkpointer will be used automatically.
+        If you are using LangSmith Deployment, no checkpointer needs to be specified. The correct managed checkpointer will be used automatically.

    Args:
-        serde: The serializer to use for serializing and deserializing checkpoints. Defaults to None.
+        serde: The serializer to use for serializing and deserializing checkpoints.

    Examples:

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class InMemorySaver(
        """Get a checkpoint tuple from the in-memory storage.

        This method retrieves a checkpoint tuple from the in-memory storage based on the
-        provided config. If the config contains a "checkpoint_id" key, the checkpoint with
+        provided config. If the config contains a `checkpoint_id` key, the checkpoint with
        the matching thread ID and timestamp is retrieved. Otherwise, the latest checkpoint
        for the given thread ID is retrieved.

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class InMemorySaver(
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        thread_id: str = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
        checkpoint_ns: str = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class InMemorySaver(
            limit: Maximum number of checkpoints to return.

        Yields:
-            Iterator[CheckpointTuple]: An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
+            An iterator of matching checkpoint tuples.
        """
        thread_ids = (config["configurable"]["thread_id"],) if config else self.storage
        config_checkpoint_ns = (
@@ -423,16 +423,16 @@ class InMemorySaver(
                del self.blobs[k]

    async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
-        """Asynchronous version of get_tuple.
+        """Asynchronous version of `get_tuple`.

-        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around get_tuple that runs the synchronous
+        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around `get_tuple` that runs the synchronous
        method in a separate thread using asyncio.

        Args:
            config: The config to use for retrieving the checkpoint.

        Returns:
-            Optional[CheckpointTuple]: The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
+            The retrieved checkpoint tuple, or None if no matching checkpoint was found.
        """
        return self.get_tuple(config)

@@ -444,16 +444,16 @@ class InMemorySaver(
        before: RunnableConfig | None = None,
        limit: int | None = None,
    ) -> AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]:
-        """Asynchronous version of list.
+        """Asynchronous version of `list`.

-        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around list that runs the synchronous
+        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around `list` that runs the synchronous
        method in a separate thread using asyncio.

        Args:
            config: The config to use for listing the checkpoints.

        Yields:
-            AsyncIterator[CheckpointTuple]: An asynchronous iterator of checkpoint tuples.
+            An asynchronous iterator of checkpoint tuples.
        """
        for item in self.list(config, filter=filter, before=before, limit=limit):
            yield item
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ class InMemorySaver(
        metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
        new_versions: ChannelVersions,
    ) -> RunnableConfig:
-        """Asynchronous version of put.
+        """Asynchronous version of `put`.

        Args:
            config: The config to associate with the checkpoint.
@@ -485,9 +485,9 @@ class InMemorySaver(
        task_id: str,
        task_path: str = "",
    ) -> None:
-        """Asynchronous version of put_writes.
+        """Asynchronous version of `put_writes`.

-        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around put_writes that runs the synchronous
+        This method is an asynchronous wrapper around `put_writes` that runs the synchronous
        method in a separate thread using asyncio.

        Args:
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

-from typing import Any, Protocol
+from typing import Any, Protocol, runtime_checkable


 class UntypedSerializerProtocol(Protocol):
@@ -11,13 +11,14 @@ class UntypedSerializerProtocol(Protocol):
    def loads(self, data: bytes) -> Any: ...


-class SerializerProtocol(UntypedSerializerProtocol, Protocol):
+@runtime_checkable
+class SerializerProtocol(Protocol):
    """Protocol for serialization and deserialization of objects.

    - `dumps`: Serialize an object to bytes.
-    - `dumps_typed`: Serialize an object to a tuple (type, bytes).
+    - `dumps_typed`: Serialize an object to a tuple `(type, bytes)`.
    - `loads`: Deserialize an object from bytes.
-    - `loads_typed`: Deserialize an object from a tuple (type, bytes).
+    - `loads_typed`: Deserialize an object from a tuple `(type, bytes)`.

    Valid implementations include the `pickle`, `json` and `orjson` modules.
    """
@@ -31,12 +32,6 @@ class SerializerCompat(SerializerProtocol):
    def __init__(self, serde: UntypedSerializerProtocol) -> None:
        self.serde = serde

-    def dumps(self, obj: Any) -> bytes:
-        return self.serde.dumps(obj)
-
-    def loads(self, data: bytes) -> Any:
-        return self.serde.loads(data)
-
    def dumps_typed(self, obj: Any) -> tuple[str, bytes]:
        return type(obj).__name__, self.serde.dumps(obj)

@@ -49,7 +44,7 @@ def maybe_add_typed_methods(
 ) -> SerializerProtocol:
    """Wrap serde old serde implementations in a class with loads_typed and dumps_typed for backwards compatibility."""

-    if not hasattr(serde, "loads_typed") or not hasattr(serde, "dumps_typed"):
+    if not isinstance(serde, SerializerProtocol):
        return SerializerCompat(serde)

    return serde
@@ -14,14 +14,8 @@ class EncryptedSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
        self.cipher = cipher
        self.serde = serde

-    def dumps(self, obj: Any) -> bytes:
-        return self.serde.dumps(obj)
-
-    def loads(self, data: bytes) -> Any:
-        return self.serde.loads(data)
-
    def dumps_typed(self, obj: Any) -> tuple[str, bytes]:
-        """Serialize an object to a tuple (type, bytes) and encrypt the bytes."""
+        """Serialize an object to a tuple `(type, bytes)` and encrypt the bytes."""
        # serialize data
        typ, data = self.serde.dumps_typed(obj)
        # encrypt data
@@ -45,7 +39,7 @@ class EncryptedSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
    def from_pycryptodome_aes(
        cls, serde: SerializerProtocol = JsonPlusSerializer(), **kwargs: Any
    ) -> "EncryptedSerializer":
-        """Create an EncryptedSerializer using AES encryption."""
+        """Create an `EncryptedSerializer` using AES encryption."""
        try:
            from Crypto.Cipher import AES  # type: ignore
        except ImportError:
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ import dataclasses
 import decimal
 import importlib
 import json
+import logging
 import pathlib
 import pickle
 import re
 import sys
 from collections import deque
-from collections.abc import Sequence
+from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from datetime import date, datetime, time, timedelta, timezone
 from enum import Enum
 from inspect import isclass
@@ -21,13 +22,12 @@ from ipaddress import (
    IPv6Interface,
    IPv6Network,
 )
-from typing import Any, Callable, cast
+from typing import Any, Literal
 from uuid import UUID
 from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo

 import ormsgpack
 from langchain_core.load.load import Reviver
-from langchain_core.load.serializable import Serializable

 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import SendProtocol
@@ -35,18 +35,31 @@ from langgraph.store.base import Item

 LC_REVIVER = Reviver()
 EMPTY_BYTES = b""
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


 class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
-    """Serializer that uses ormsgpack, with a fallback to extended JSON serializer."""
+    """Serializer that uses ormsgpack, with optional fallbacks.
+
+    Security note: this serializer is intended for use within the BaseCheckpointSaver
+    class and called within the Pregel loop. It should not be used on untrusted
+    python objects. If an attacker can write directly to your checkpoint database,
+    they may be able to trigger code execution when data is deserialized.
+    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        pickle_fallback: bool = False,
+        allowed_json_modules: Sequence[tuple[str, ...]] | Literal[True] | None = None,
        __unpack_ext_hook__: Callable[[int, bytes], Any] | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        self.pickle_fallback = pickle_fallback
+        self._allowed_modules = (
+            {mod_and_name for mod_and_name in allowed_json_modules}
+            if allowed_json_modules and allowed_json_modules is not True
+            else (allowed_json_modules if allowed_json_modules is True else None)
+        )
        self._unpack_ext_hook = (
            __unpack_ext_hook__
            if __unpack_ext_hook__ is not None
@@ -74,134 +87,90 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
            out["kwargs"] = kwargs
        return out

-    def _default(self, obj: Any) -> str | dict[str, Any]:
-        if isinstance(obj, Serializable):
-            return cast(dict[str, Any], obj.to_json())
-        elif hasattr(obj, "model_dump") and callable(obj.model_dump):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                obj.__class__, method=(None, "model_construct"), kwargs=obj.model_dump()
-            )
-        elif hasattr(obj, "dict") and callable(obj.dict):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                obj.__class__, method=(None, "construct"), kwargs=obj.dict()
-            )
-        elif hasattr(obj, "_asdict") and callable(obj._asdict):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(obj.__class__, kwargs=obj._asdict())
-        elif isinstance(obj, pathlib.Path):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(pathlib.Path, args=obj.parts)
-        elif isinstance(obj, re.Pattern):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                re.compile, args=(obj.pattern, obj.flags)
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, UUID):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(UUID, args=(obj.hex,))
-        elif isinstance(obj, decimal.Decimal):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(decimal.Decimal, args=(str(obj),))
-        elif isinstance(obj, (set, frozenset, deque)):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(type(obj), args=(tuple(obj),))
-        elif isinstance(obj, (IPv4Address, IPv4Interface, IPv4Network)):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(obj.__class__, args=(str(obj),))
-        elif isinstance(obj, (IPv6Address, IPv6Interface, IPv6Network)):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(obj.__class__, args=(str(obj),))
-
-        elif isinstance(obj, datetime):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                datetime, method="fromisoformat", args=(obj.isoformat(),)
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, timezone):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                timezone,
-                args=obj.__getinitargs__(),  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, ZoneInfo):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(ZoneInfo, args=(obj.key,))
-        elif isinstance(obj, timedelta):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                timedelta, args=(obj.days, obj.seconds, obj.microseconds)
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, date):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                date, args=(obj.year, obj.month, obj.day)
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, time):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                time,
-                args=(obj.hour, obj.minute, obj.second, obj.microsecond, obj.tzinfo),
-                kwargs={"fold": obj.fold},
-            )
-        elif dataclasses.is_dataclass(obj):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                obj.__class__,
-                kwargs={
-                    field.name: getattr(obj, field.name)
-                    for field in dataclasses.fields(obj)
-                },
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, Enum):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(obj.__class__, args=(obj.value,))
-        elif isinstance(obj, SendProtocol):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                obj.__class__, kwargs={"node": obj.node, "arg": obj.arg}
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, (bytes, bytearray)):
-            return self._encode_constructor_args(
-                obj.__class__, method="fromhex", args=(obj.hex(),)
-            )
-        elif isinstance(obj, BaseException):
-            return repr(obj)
-        else:
-            raise TypeError(
-                f"Object of type {obj.__class__.__name__} is not JSON serializable"
-            )
-
    def _reviver(self, value: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
-        if (
+        if self._allowed_modules and (
            value.get("lc", None) == 2
            and value.get("type", None) == "constructor"
            and value.get("id", None) is not None
        ):
            try:
-                # Get module and class name
-                [*module, name] = value["id"]
-                # Import module
-                mod = importlib.import_module(".".join(module))
-                # Import class
-                cls = getattr(mod, name)
-                # Instantiate class
-                method = value.get("method")
-                if isinstance(method, str):
-                    methods = [getattr(cls, method)]
-                elif isinstance(method, list):
-                    methods = [
-                        cls if method is None else getattr(cls, method)
-                        for method in method
-                    ]
-                else:
-                    methods = [cls]
-                args = value.get("args")
-                kwargs = value.get("kwargs")
-                for method in methods:
-                    try:
-                        if isclass(method) and issubclass(method, BaseException):
-                            return None
-                        if args and kwargs:
-                            return method(*args, **kwargs)
-                        elif args:
-                            return method(*args)
-                        elif kwargs:
-                            return method(**kwargs)
-                        else:
-                            return method()
-                    except Exception:
-                        continue
-            except Exception:
-                return None
+                return self._revive_lc2(value)
+            except InvalidModuleError as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Object %s is not in the deserialization allowlist.\n%s",
+                    value["id"],
+                    e.message,
+                )

        return LC_REVIVER(value)

-    def dumps(self, obj: Any) -> bytes:
-        return json.dumps(obj, default=self._default, ensure_ascii=False).encode(
-            "utf-8", "ignore"
+    def _revive_lc2(self, value: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
+        self._check_allowed_modules(value)
+
+        [*module, name] = value["id"]
+        try:
+            mod = importlib.import_module(".".join(module))
+            cls = getattr(mod, name)
+            method = value.get("method")
+            if isinstance(method, str):
+                methods = [getattr(cls, method)]
+            elif isinstance(method, list):
+                methods = [cls if m is None else getattr(cls, m) for m in method]
+            else:
+                methods = [cls]
+            args = value.get("args")
+            kwargs = value.get("kwargs")
+            for method in methods:
+                try:
+                    if isclass(method) and issubclass(method, BaseException):
+                        return None
+                    if args and kwargs:
+                        return method(*args, **kwargs)
+                    elif args:
+                        return method(*args)
+                    elif kwargs:
+                        return method(**kwargs)
+                    else:
+                        return method()
+                except Exception:
+                    continue
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    def _check_allowed_modules(self, value: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        needed = tuple(value["id"])
+        method = value.get("method")
+        if isinstance(method, list):
+            method_display = ",".join(m or "<init>" for m in method)
+        elif isinstance(method, str):
+            method_display = method
+        else:
+            method_display = "<init>"
+
+        dotted = ".".join(needed)
+        if not self._allowed_modules:
+            raise InvalidModuleError(
+                f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted} (method: {method_display}). "
+                "No allowed_json_modules configured.\n\n"
+                "Unblock with ONE of:\n"
+                f"  • JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=[{needed!r}, ...])\n"
+                "  • (DANGEROUS) JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=True)\n\n"
+                "Note: Prefix allowlists are intentionally unsupported; prefer exact symbols "
+                "or plain-JSON representations revived without import-time side effects."
+            )
+
+        if self._allowed_modules is True:
+            return
+        if needed in self._allowed_modules:
+            return
+
+        raise InvalidModuleError(
+            f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted} (method: {method_display}). "
+            "Symbol is not in the deserialization allowlist.\n\n"
+            "Add exactly this symbol to unblock:\n"
+            f"  JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=[{needed!r}, ...])\n"
+            "Or, as a last resort (DANGEROUS):\n"
+            "  JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=True)"
        )

    def dumps_typed(self, obj: Any) -> tuple[str, bytes]:
@@ -215,15 +184,10 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
            try:
                return "msgpack", _msgpack_enc(obj)
            except ormsgpack.MsgpackEncodeError as exc:
-                if "valid UTF-8" in str(exc):
-                    return "json", self.dumps(obj)
-                elif self.pickle_fallback:
+                if self.pickle_fallback:
                    return "pickle", pickle.dumps(obj)
                raise exc

-    def loads(self, data: bytes) -> Any:
-        return json.loads(data, object_hook=self._reviver)
-
    def loads_typed(self, data: tuple[str, bytes]) -> Any:
        type_, data_ = data
        if type_ == "null":
@@ -233,7 +197,7 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
        elif type_ == "bytearray":
            return bytearray(data_)
        elif type_ == "json":
-            return self.loads(data_)
+            return json.loads(data_, object_hook=self._reviver)
        elif type_ == "msgpack":
            return ormsgpack.unpackb(
                data_, ext_hook=self._unpack_ext_hook, option=ormsgpack.OPT_NON_STR_KEYS
@@ -663,6 +627,13 @@ def _msgpack_ext_hook_to_json(code: int, data: bytes) -> Any:
            return


+class InvalidModuleError(Exception):
+    """Exception raised when a module is not in the allowlist."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str):
+        self.message = message
+
+
 _option = (
    ormsgpack.OPT_NON_STR_KEYS
    | ormsgpack.OPT_PASSTHROUGH_DATACLASS
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import (
    Any,
-    Optional,
    Protocol,
    TypeVar,
    runtime_checkable,
@@ -28,9 +27,9 @@ class ChannelProtocol(Protocol[Value, Update, C]):
    @property
    def UpdateType(self) -> Any: ...

-    def checkpoint(self) -> Optional[C]: ...
+    def checkpoint(self) -> C | None: ...

-    def from_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: Optional[C]) -> Self: ...
+    def from_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: C | None) -> Self: ...

    def update(self, values: Sequence[Update]) -> bool: ...

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ Stores provide long-term memory that persists across threads and conversations.
 Supports hierarchical namespaces, key-value storage, and optional vector search.

 Core types:
-    - BaseStore: Store interface with sync/async operations
-    - Item: Stored key-value pairs with metadata
-    - Op: Get/Put/Search/List operations
+    - `BaseStore`: Store interface with sync/async operations
+    - `Item`: Stored key-value pairs with metadata
+    - `Op`: Get/Put/Search/List operations
 """

 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ from typing import (
    Literal,
    NamedTuple,
    TypedDict,
-    Union,
    cast,
 )

@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ class Item:
        key: Unique identifier within the namespace.
        namespace: Hierarchical path defining the collection in which this document resides.
            Represented as a tuple of strings, allowing for nested categorization.
-            For example: ("documents", 'user123')
+            For example: `("documents", 'user123')`
        created_at: Timestamp of item creation.
        updated_at: Timestamp of last update.
    """
@@ -164,6 +163,7 @@ class GetOp(NamedTuple):
    ???+ example "Examples"

        Basic item retrieval:
+
        ```python
        GetOp(namespace=("users", "profiles"), key="user123")
        GetOp(namespace=("cache", "embeddings"), key="doc456")
@@ -207,11 +207,14 @@ class SearchOp(NamedTuple):
    within a given namespace prefix. It provides pagination through limit and offset
    parameters.

-    Note:
+    !!! note
+
        Natural language search support depends on your store implementation.

    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        Search with filters and pagination:
+
        ```python
        SearchOp(
            namespace_prefix=("documents",),
@@ -222,6 +225,7 @@ class SearchOp(NamedTuple):
        ```

        Natural language search:
+
        ```python
        SearchOp(
            namespace_prefix=("users", "content"),
@@ -249,14 +253,15 @@ class SearchOp(NamedTuple):
    The filter supports both exact matches and operator-based comparisons.

    Supported Operators:
-        - $eq: Equal to (same as direct value comparison)
-        - $ne: Not equal to
-        - $gt: Greater than
-        - $gte: Greater than or equal to
-        - $lt: Less than
-        - $lte: Less than or equal to
+        - `$eq`: Equal to (same as direct value comparison)
+        - `$ne`: Not equal to
+        - `$gt`: Greater than
+        - `$gte`: Greater than or equal to
+        - `$lt`: Less than
+        - `$lte`: Less than or equal to

    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        Simple exact match:

        ```python
@@ -289,6 +294,7 @@ class SearchOp(NamedTuple):
    """Natural language search query for semantic search capabilities.

    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        - "technical documentation about REST APIs"
        - "machine learning papers from 2023"
    """
@@ -302,10 +308,11 @@ class SearchOp(NamedTuple):


 # Type representing a namespace path that can include wildcards
-NamespacePath = tuple[Union[str, Literal["*"]], ...]
+NamespacePath = tuple[str | Literal["*"], ...]
 """A tuple representing a namespace path that can include wildcards.

 ???+ example "Examples"
+
    ```python
    ("users",)  # Exact users namespace
    ("documents", "*")  # Any sub-namespace under documents
@@ -331,17 +338,21 @@ class MatchCondition(NamedTuple):
    hierarchies.

    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        Prefix matching:
+
        ```python
        MatchCondition(match_type="prefix", path=("users", "profiles"))
        ```

        Suffix matching with wildcard:
+
        ```python
        MatchCondition(match_type="suffix", path=("cache", "*"))
        ```

        Simple suffix matching:
+
        ```python
        MatchCondition(match_type="suffix", path=("v1",))
        ```
@@ -362,7 +373,8 @@ class ListNamespacesOp(NamedTuple):

    ???+ example "Examples"

-        List all namespaces under the "documents" path:
+        List all namespaces under the `"documents"` path:
+
        ```python
        ListNamespacesOp(
            match_conditions=(MatchCondition(match_type="prefix", path=("documents",)),),
@@ -370,7 +382,8 @@ class ListNamespacesOp(NamedTuple):
        )
        ```

-        List all namespaces that end with "v1":
+        List all namespaces that end with `"v1"`:
+
        ```python
        ListNamespacesOp(
            match_conditions=(MatchCondition(match_type="suffix", path=("v1",)),),
@@ -384,12 +397,15 @@ class ListNamespacesOp(NamedTuple):
    """Optional conditions for filtering namespaces.

    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        All user namespaces:
+
        ```python
        (MatchCondition(match_type="prefix", path=("users",)),)
        ```

-        All namespaces that start with "docs" and end with "draft":
+        All namespaces that start with `"docs"` and end with `"draft"`:
+
        ```python
        (
            MatchCondition(match_type="prefix", path=("docs",)),
@@ -426,17 +442,21 @@ class PutOp(NamedTuple):
    Each element in the tuple represents one level in the hierarchy.

    ???+ example "Examples"
-        Root level documents
+
+        Root level documents:
+
        ```python
        ("documents",)
        ```
        
-        User-specific documents
+        User-specific documents:
+
        ```python
        ("documents", "user123")
        ```
        
-        Nested cache structure
+        Nested cache structure:
+
        ```python
        ("cache", "embeddings", "v1")
        ```
@@ -449,15 +469,15 @@ class PutOp(NamedTuple):
    Together with the namespace, it forms a complete path to the item.

    Example:
-        If namespace is ("documents", "user123") and key is "report1",
-        the full path would effectively be "documents/user123/report1"
+        If namespace is `("documents", "user123")` and key is `"report1"`,
+        the full path would effectively be `"documents/user123/report1"`
    """

    value: dict[str, Any] | None
-    """The data to store, or None to mark the item for deletion.
+    """The data to store, or `None` to mark the item for deletion.

    The value must be a dictionary with string keys and JSON-serializable values.
-    Setting this to None signals that the item should be deleted.
+    Setting this to `None` signals that the item should be deleted.

    Example:
        {
@@ -471,25 +491,26 @@ class PutOp(NamedTuple):
    """Controls how the item's fields are indexed for search operations.

    Indexing configuration determines how the item can be found through search:
-        - None (default): Uses the store's default indexing configuration (if provided)
-        - False: Disables indexing for this item
-        - list[str]: Specifies which json path fields to index for search
+        - `None` (default): Uses the store's default indexing configuration (if provided)
+        - `False`: Disables indexing for this item
+        - `list[str]`: Specifies which json path fields to index for search

    The item remains accessible through direct get() operations regardless of indexing.
    When indexed, fields can be searched using natural language queries through
    vector similarity search (if supported by the store implementation).

    Path Syntax:
-        - Simple field access: "field"
-        - Nested fields: "parent.child.grandchild"
+        - Simple field access: `"field"`
+        - Nested fields: `"parent.child.grandchild"`
        - Array indexing:
-          - Specific index: "array[0]"
-          - Last element: "array[-1]"
-          - All elements (each individually): "array[*]"
+            - Specific index: `"array[0]"`
+            - Last element: `"array[-1]"`
+            - All elements (each individually): `"array[*]"`

    ???+ example "Examples"
-        - None - Use store defaults (whole item)
-        - list[str] - List of fields to index
+
+        - `None` - Use store defaults (whole item)
+        - `list[str]` - List of fields to index
        
        ```python
        [
@@ -509,12 +530,12 @@ class PutOp(NamedTuple):
    will expire this many minutes after it was last accessed. The expiration timer
    refreshes on both read operations (get/search) and write operations (put/update).
    When the TTL expires, the item will be scheduled for deletion on a best-effort basis.
-    Defaults to None (no expiration).
+    Defaults to `None` (no expiration).
    """


-Op = Union[GetOp, SearchOp, PutOp, ListNamespacesOp]
-Result = Union[Item, list[Item], list[SearchItem], list[tuple[str, ...]], None]
+Op = GetOp | SearchOp | PutOp | ListNamespacesOp
+Result = Item | list[Item] | list[SearchItem] | list[tuple[str, ...]] | None


 class InvalidNamespaceError(ValueError):
@@ -525,18 +546,18 @@ class TTLConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """Configuration for TTL (time-to-live) behavior in the store."""

    refresh_on_read: bool
-    """Default behavior for refreshing TTLs on read operations (GET and SEARCH).
+    """Default behavior for refreshing TTLs on read operations (`GET` and `SEARCH`).
    
-    If True, TTLs will be refreshed on read operations (get/search) by default.
-    This can be overridden per-operation by explicitly setting refresh_ttl.
-    Defaults to True if not configured.
+    If `True`, TTLs will be refreshed on read operations (get/search) by default.
+    This can be overridden per-operation by explicitly setting `refresh_ttl`.
+    Defaults to `True` if not configured.
    """
    default_ttl: float | None
    """Default TTL (time-to-live) in minutes for new items.
    
    If provided, new items will expire after this many minutes after their last access.
    The expiration timer refreshes on both read and write operations.
-    Defaults to None (no expiration).
+    Defaults to `None` (no expiration).
    """
    sweep_interval_minutes: int | None
    """Interval in minutes between TTL sweep operations.
@@ -550,33 +571,35 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """Configuration for indexing documents for semantic search in the store.

    If not provided to the store, the store will not support vector search.
-    In that case, all `index` arguments to put() and `aput()` operations will be ignored.
+    In that case, all `index` arguments to `put()` and `aput()` operations will be ignored.
    """

    dims: int
    """Number of dimensions in the embedding vectors.
    
    Common embedding models have the following dimensions:
-        - openai:text-embedding-3-large: 3072
-        - openai:text-embedding-3-small: 1536
-        - openai:text-embedding-ada-002: 1536
-        - cohere:embed-english-v3.0: 1024
-        - cohere:embed-english-light-v3.0: 384
-        - cohere:embed-multilingual-v3.0: 1024
-        - cohere:embed-multilingual-light-v3.0: 384
+        - `openai:text-embedding-3-large`: `3072`
+        - `openai:text-embedding-3-small`: `1536`
+        - `openai:text-embedding-ada-002`: `1536`
+        - `cohere:embed-english-v3.0`: `1024`
+        - `cohere:embed-english-light-v3.0`: `384`
+        - `cohere:embed-multilingual-v3.0`: `1024`
+        - `cohere:embed-multilingual-light-v3.0`: `384`
    """

    embed: Embeddings | EmbeddingsFunc | AEmbeddingsFunc | str
    """Optional function to generate embeddings from text.
    
    Can be specified in three ways:
-        1. A LangChain Embeddings instance
-        2. A synchronous embedding function (EmbeddingsFunc)
-        3. An asynchronous embedding function (AEmbeddingsFunc)
-        4. A provider string (e.g., "openai:text-embedding-3-small")
+        1. A LangChain `Embeddings` instance
+        2. A synchronous embedding function (`EmbeddingsFunc`)
+        3. An asynchronous embedding function (`AEmbeddingsFunc`)
+        4. A provider string (e.g., `"openai:text-embedding-3-small"`)
    
    ???+ example "Examples"
-        Using LangChain's initialization with InMemoryStore:
+
+        Using LangChain's initialization with `InMemoryStore`:
+
        ```python
        from langchain.embeddings import init_embeddings
        from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
@@ -589,7 +612,8 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
        )
        ```
        
-        Using a custom embedding function with InMemoryStore:
+        Using a custom embedding function with `InMemoryStore`:
+
        ```python
        from openai import OpenAI
        from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
@@ -611,7 +635,8 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
        )
        ```
        
-        Using an asynchronous embedding function with InMemoryStore:
+        Using an asynchronous embedding function with `InMemoryStore`:
+
        ```python
        from openai import AsyncOpenAI
        from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
@@ -639,16 +664,17 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    
    Controls which parts of stored items are embedded for semantic search. Follows JSON path syntax:

-        - ["$"]: Embeds the entire JSON object as one vector  (default)
-        - ["field1", "field2"]: Embeds specific top-level fields
-        - ["parent.child"]: Embeds nested fields using dot notation
-        - ["array[*].field"]: Embeds field from each array element separately
+    - `["$"]`: Embeds the entire JSON object as one vector  (default)
+    - `["field1", "field2"]`: Embeds specific top-level fields
+    - `["parent.child"]`: Embeds nested fields using dot notation
+    - `["array[*].field"]`: Embeds field from each array element separately
    
    Note:
        You can always override this behavior when storing an item using the
        `index` parameter in the `put` or `aput` operations.
    
    ???+ example "Examples"
+
        ```python
        # Embed entire document (default)
        fields=["$"]
@@ -667,7 +693,7 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    Note:
        - Fields missing from a document are skipped
        - Array notation creates separate embeddings for each element
-        - Complex nested paths are supported (e.g., "a.b[*].c.d")
+        - Complex nested paths are supported (e.g., `"a.b[*].c.d"`)
    """


@@ -732,11 +758,11 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            namespace: Hierarchical path for the item.
            key: Unique identifier within the namespace.
            refresh_ttl: Whether to refresh TTLs for the returned item.
-                If None (default), uses the store's default refresh_ttl setting.
+                If `None`, uses the store's default `refresh_ttl` setting.
                If no TTL is specified, this argument is ignored.

        Returns:
-            The retrieved item or None if not found.
+            The retrieved item or `None` if not found.
        """
        return self.batch(
            [GetOp(namespace, str(key), _ensure_refresh(self.ttl_config, refresh_ttl))]
@@ -768,7 +794,9 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            List of items matching the search criteria.

        ???+ example "Examples"
+
            Basic filtering:
+
            ```python
            # Search for documents with specific metadata
            results = store.search(
@@ -778,6 +806,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            ```

            Natural language search (requires vector store implementation):
+
            ```python
            # Initialize store with embedding configuration
            store = YourStore( # e.g., InMemoryStore, AsyncPostgresStore
@@ -789,6 +818,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            )

            # Search for semantically similar documents
+
            results = store.search(
                ("docs",),
                query="machine learning applications in healthcare",
@@ -797,8 +827,10 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            )
            ```

-            Note: Natural language search support depends on your store implementation
-            and requires proper embedding configuration.
+            !!! note
+
+                Natural language search support depends on your store implementation
+                and requires proper embedding configuration.
        """
        return self.batch(
            [
@@ -826,7 +858,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):

        Args:
            namespace: Hierarchical path for the item, represented as a tuple of strings.
-                Example: ("documents", "user123")
+                Example: `("documents", "user123")`
            key: Unique identifier within the namespace. Together with namespace forms
                the complete path to the item.
            value: Dictionary containing the item's data. Must contain string keys
@@ -837,10 +869,10 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
                    If you do not initialize the store with indexing capabilities,
                    the `index` parameter will be ignored
                - False: Disable indexing for this item
-                - list[str]: List of field paths to index, supporting:
-                    - Nested fields: "metadata.title"
-                    - Array access: "chapters[*].content" (each indexed separately)
-                    - Specific indices: "authors[0].name"
+                - `list[str]`: List of field paths to index, supporting:
+                    - Nested fields: `"metadata.title"`
+                    - Array access: `"chapters[*].content"` (each indexed separately)
+                    - Specific indices: `"authors[0].name"`
            ttl: Time to live in minutes. Support for this argument depends on your store adapter.
                If specified, the item will expire after this many minutes from when it was last accessed.
                None means no expiration. Expired runs will be deleted opportunistically.
@@ -856,18 +888,22 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            Some implementations may not support expiration of items.

        ???+ example "Examples"
-            Store item. Indexing depends on how you configure the store.
+
+            Store item. Indexing depends on how you configure the store:
+
            ```python
            store.put(("docs",), "report", {"memory": "Will likes ai"})
            ```

-            Do not index item for semantic search. Still accessible through get()
-            and search() operations but won't have a vector representation.
+            Do not index item for semantic search. Still accessible through `get()`
+            and `search()` operations but won't have a vector representation.
+
            ```python
            store.put(("docs",), "report", {"memory": "Will likes ai"}, index=False)
            ```

-            Index specific fields for search.
+            Index specific fields for search:
+
            ```python
            store.put(("docs",), "report", {"memory": "Will likes ai"}, index=["memory"])
            ```
@@ -918,15 +954,17 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            suffix: Filter namespaces that end with this path.
            max_depth: Return namespaces up to this depth in the hierarchy.
                Namespaces deeper than this level will be truncated.
-            limit: Maximum number of namespaces to return (default 100).
-            offset: Number of namespaces to skip for pagination (default 0).
+            limit: Maximum number of namespaces to return.
+            offset: Number of namespaces to skip for pagination.

        Returns:
-            List[Tuple[str, ...]]: A list of namespace tuples that match the criteria.
-            Each tuple represents a full namespace path up to `max_depth`.
+            A list of namespace tuples that match the criteria. Each tuple represents a
+                full namespace path up to `max_depth`.

        ???+ example "Examples":
-            Setting max_depth=3. Given the namespaces:
+
+            Setting `max_depth=3`. Given the namespaces:
+
            ```python
            # Example if you have the following namespaces:
            # ("a", "b", "c")
@@ -966,7 +1004,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            key: Unique identifier within the namespace.

        Returns:
-            The retrieved item or None if not found.
+            The retrieved item or `None` if not found.
        """
        return (
            await self.abatch(
@@ -1000,14 +1038,16 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            limit: Maximum number of items to return.
            offset: Number of items to skip before returning results.
            refresh_ttl: Whether to refresh TTLs for the returned items.
-                If None (default), uses the store's TTLConfig.refresh_default setting.
-                If TTLConfig is not provided or no TTL is specified, this argument is ignored.
+                If `None`, uses the store's `TTLConfig.refresh_default` setting.
+                If `TTLConfig` is not provided or no TTL is specified, this argument is ignored.

        Returns:
            List of items matching the search criteria.

        ???+ example "Examples"
+
            Basic filtering:
+
            ```python
            # Search for documents with specific metadata
            results = await store.asearch(
@@ -1017,6 +1057,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            ```

            Natural language search (requires vector store implementation):
+
            ```python
            # Initialize store with embedding configuration
            store = YourStore( # e.g., InMemoryStore, AsyncPostgresStore
@@ -1028,6 +1069,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            )

            # Search for semantically similar documents
+
            results = await store.asearch(
                ("docs",),
                query="machine learning applications in healthcare",
@@ -1036,8 +1078,10 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            )
            ```

-            Note: Natural language search support depends on your store implementation
-            and requires proper embedding configuration.
+            !!! note
+
+                Natural language search support depends on your store implementation
+                and requires proper embedding configuration.
        """
        return (
            await self.abatch(
@@ -1067,7 +1111,7 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):

        Args:
            namespace: Hierarchical path for the item, represented as a tuple of strings.
-                Example: ("documents", "user123")
+                Example: `("documents", "user123")`
            key: Unique identifier within the namespace. Together with namespace forms
                the complete path to the item.
            value: Dictionary containing the item's data. Must contain string keys
@@ -1078,10 +1122,10 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
                    If you do not initialize the store with indexing capabilities,
                    the `index` parameter will be ignored
                - False: Disable indexing for this item
-                - list[str]: List of field paths to index, supporting:
-                    - Nested fields: "metadata.title"
-                    - Array access: "chapters[*].content" (each indexed separately)
-                    - Specific indices: "authors[0].name"
+                - `list[str]`: List of field paths to index, supporting:
+                    - Nested fields: `"metadata.title"`
+                    - Array access: `"chapters[*].content"` (each indexed separately)
+                    - Specific indices: `"authors[0].name"`
            ttl: Time to live in minutes. Support for this argument depends on your store adapter.
                If specified, the item will expire after this many minutes from when it was last accessed.
                None means no expiration. Expired runs will be deleted opportunistically.
@@ -1097,18 +1141,22 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            Some implementations may not support expiration of items.

        ???+ example "Examples"
-            Store item. Indexing depends on how you configure the store.
+
+            Store item. Indexing depends on how you configure the store:
+
            ```python
            await store.aput(("docs",), "report", {"memory": "Will likes ai"})
            ```

-            Do not index item for semantic search. Still accessible through get()
-            and search() operations but won't have a vector representation.
+            Do not index item for semantic search. Still accessible through `get()`
+            and `search()` operations but won't have a vector representation.
+
            ```python
            await store.aput(("docs",), "report", {"memory": "Will likes ai"}, index=False)
            ```

            Index specific fields for search (if store configured to index items):
+
            ```python
            await store.aput(
                ("docs",),
@@ -1167,15 +1215,16 @@ class BaseStore(ABC):
            suffix: Filter namespaces that end with this path.
            max_depth: Return namespaces up to this depth in the hierarchy.
                Namespaces deeper than this level will be truncated to this depth.
-            limit: Maximum number of namespaces to return (default 100).
-            offset: Number of namespaces to skip for pagination (default 0).
+            limit: Maximum number of namespaces to return.
+            offset: Number of namespaces to skip for pagination.

        Returns:
-            List[Tuple[str, ...]]: A list of namespace tuples that match the criteria.
-            Each tuple represents a full namespace path up to `max_depth`.
+            A list of namespace tuples that match the criteria. Each tuple represents a
+                full namespace path up to `max_depth`.

        ???+ example "Examples"
-            Setting max_depth=3 with existing namespaces:
+
+            Setting `max_depth=3` with existing namespaces:
            ```python
            # Given the following namespaces:
            # ("a", "b", "c")
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import functools
 import weakref
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, Callable, Literal, TypeVar
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any, Literal, TypeVar

 from langgraph.store.base import (
    NOT_PROVIDED,
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ async def _run(
                        results = [results[ix] for ix in listen]

                    # set the results of each operation
-                    for fut, result in zip(futs, results):
+                    for fut, result in zip(futs, results, strict=False):
                        # guard against future being done (e.g. cancelled)
                        if not fut.done():
                            fut.set_result(result)
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import functools
 import json
-from collections.abc import Awaitable, Sequence
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable, Sequence
+from typing import Any

 from langchain_core.embeddings import Embeddings

@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ def ensure_embeddings(
        An Embeddings instance that wraps the provided function(s).

    ??? example "Examples"
+
        Wrap a synchronous embedding function:
+
        ```python
        def my_embed_fn(texts):
            return [[0.1, 0.2] for _ in texts]
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ def ensure_embeddings(
        ```

        Wrap an asynchronous embedding function:
+
        ```python
        async def my_async_fn(texts):
            return [[0.1, 0.2] for _ in texts]
@@ -68,6 +71,7 @@ def ensure_embeddings(
        ```

        Initialize embeddings using a provider string:
+
        ```python
        # Requires langchain>=0.3.9 and langgraph-checkpoint>=2.0.11
        embeddings = ensure_embeddings("openai:text-embedding-3-small")
@@ -119,7 +123,9 @@ class EmbeddingsLambda(Embeddings):
            will raise an error. If sync, it will be used for both sync and async operations.

    ??? example "Examples"
+
        With a sync function:
+
        ```python
        def my_embed_fn(texts):
            # Return 2D embeddings for each text
@@ -131,6 +137,7 @@ class EmbeddingsLambda(Embeddings):
        ```

        With an async function:
+
        ```python
        async def my_async_fn(texts):
            return [[0.1, 0.2] for _ in texts]
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class InMemoryStore(BaseStore):
            if queries:
                coros = [self.embeddings.aembed_query(q) for q in list(queries)]
                results = await asyncio.gather(*coros)
-                queryinmem_store = dict(zip(queries, results))
+                queryinmem_store = dict(zip(queries, results, strict=False))

        return queryinmem_store

@@ -323,7 +323,9 @@ class InMemoryStore(BaseStore):

                scores = _cosine_similarity(query_embedding, flat_vectors)
                sorted_results = sorted(
-                    zip(scores, flat_items), key=lambda x: x[0], reverse=True
+                    zip(scores, flat_items, strict=False),
+                    key=lambda x: x[0],
+                    reverse=True,
                )
                # max pooling
                seen: set[tuple[tuple[str, ...], str]] = set()
@@ -452,7 +454,7 @@ class InMemoryStore(BaseStore):
                f"Number of embeddings ({len(embeddings)}) does not"
                f" match number of indices ({len(indices)})"
            )
-        for embedding, (ns, key, path) in zip(embeddings, indices):
+        for embedding, (ns, key, path) in zip(embeddings, indices, strict=False):
            self._vectors[ns][key][path] = embedding

    def _handle_list_namespaces(self, op: ListNamespacesOp) -> list[tuple[str, ...]]:
@@ -511,7 +513,7 @@ def _cosine_similarity(X: list[float], Y: list[list[float]]) -> list[float]:

    similarities = []
    for y in Y:
-        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y))
+        dot_product = sum(a * b for a, b in zip(X, y, strict=False))
        norm1 = sum(a * a for a in X) ** 0.5
        norm2 = sum(a * a for a in y) ** 0.5
        similarity = dot_product / (norm1 * norm2) if norm1 > 0 and norm2 > 0 else 0.0
@@ -529,14 +531,14 @@ def _does_match(match_condition: MatchCondition, key: tuple[str, ...]) -> bool:
        return False

    if match_type == "prefix":
-        for k_elem, p_elem in zip(key, path):
+        for k_elem, p_elem in zip(key, path, strict=False):
            if p_elem == "*":
                continue  # Wildcard matches any element
            if k_elem != p_elem:
                return False
        return True
    elif match_type == "suffix":
-        for k_elem, p_elem in zip(reversed(key), reversed(path)):
+        for k_elem, p_elem in zip(reversed(key), reversed(path), strict=False):
            if p_elem == "*":
                continue  # Wildcard matches any element
            if k_elem != p_elem:
@@ -563,7 +565,10 @@ def _compare_values(item_value: Any, filter_value: Any) -> bool:
        return (
            isinstance(item_value, (list, tuple))
            and len(item_value) == len(filter_value)
-            and all(_compare_values(iv, fv) for iv, fv in zip(item_value, filter_value))
+            and all(
+                _compare_values(iv, fv)
+                for iv, fv in zip(item_value, filter_value, strict=False)
+            )
        )
    else:
        return item_value == filter_value
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"

 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint"
-version = "2.1.1"
+version = "3.0.0"
 description = "Library with base interfaces for LangGraph checkpoint savers."
 authors = []
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
@@ -20,20 +20,26 @@ dependencies = [
 Repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"

 [dependency-groups]
-dev = [
-  "ruff",
-  "codespell",
+test = [
  "pytest",
  "pytest-asyncio",
  "pytest-mock",
  "pytest-watcher",
-  "mypy",
  "dataclasses-json",
  "numpy",
  "pandas",
  "pandas-stubs>=2.2.2.240807",
  "redis",
 ]
+lint = [
+  "ruff",
+  "codespell",
+  "mypy",
+]
+dev = [
+  {include-group = "test"},
+  {include-group = "lint"},
+]

 [tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
 include = ["langgraph"]
@@ -49,8 +55,10 @@ lint.select = [
  "UP", # pyupgrade
  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
  "I",  # isort
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
 ]
 lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
+target-version = "py310"

 [tool.pytest-watcher]
 now = true
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import dataclasses
+import json
 import pathlib
 import re
 import sys
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel as BaseModelV1
 from pydantic.v1 import SecretStr as SecretStrV1

 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import (
+    InvalidModuleError,
    JsonPlusSerializer,
    _msgpack_ext_hook_to_json,
 )
@@ -60,22 +62,15 @@ class MyDataclass:
        pass


-if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
+@dataclasses.dataclass(slots=True)
+class MyDataclassWSlots:
+    foo: str
+    bar: int
+    inner: InnerDataclass

-    class MyDataclassWSlots(MyDataclass):
+    def something(self) -> None:
        pass

-else:
-
-    @dataclasses.dataclass(slots=True)
-    class MyDataclassWSlots:
-        foo: str
-        bar: int
-        inner: InnerDataclass
-
-        def something(self) -> None:
-            pass
-

 class MyEnum(Enum):
    FOO = "foo"
@@ -115,11 +110,7 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus() -> None:
        "my_dataclass": MyDataclass("foo", 1, InnerDataclass("hello")),
        "my_enum": MyEnum.FOO,
        "my_pydantic": MyPydantic(foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydantic(hello="hello")),
-        "my_pydantic_v1": MyPydanticV1(
-            foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydanticV1(hello="hello")
-        ),
        "my_secret_str": SecretStr("meow"),
-        "my_secret_str_v1": SecretStrV1("meow"),
        "person": Person(name="foo"),
        "a_bool": True,
        "a_none": None,
@@ -141,6 +132,12 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus() -> None:
        ),
    }

+    if sys.version_info < (3, 14):
+        to_serialize["my_pydantic_v1"] = MyPydanticV1(
+            foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydanticV1(hello="hello")
+        )
+        to_serialize["my_secret_str_v1"] = SecretStrV1("meow")
+
    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()

    dumped = serde.dumps_typed(to_serialize)
@@ -165,10 +162,9 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus() -> None:
        "Text\ud83d\udcac",
        "收花🙄·到",
    ]
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer(pickle_fallback=True)

-    assert serde.loads_typed(serde.dumps_typed(surrogates)) == [
-        v.encode("utf-8", "ignore").decode() for v in surrogates
-    ]
+    assert serde.loads_typed(serde.dumps_typed(surrogates)) == surrogates


 def test_serde_jsonplus_json_mode() -> None:
@@ -197,11 +193,7 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus_json_mode() -> None:
        "my_dataclass": MyDataclass("foo", 1, InnerDataclass("hello")),
        "my_enum": MyEnum.FOO,
        "my_pydantic": MyPydantic(foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydantic(hello="hello")),
-        "my_pydantic_v1": MyPydanticV1(
-            foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydanticV1(hello="hello")
-        ),
        "my_secret_str": SecretStr("meow"),
-        "my_secret_str_v1": SecretStrV1("meow"),
        "person": Person(name="foo"),
        "a_bool": True,
        "a_none": None,
@@ -223,13 +215,20 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus_json_mode() -> None:
        ),
    }

+    if sys.version_info < (3, 14):
+        to_serialize["my_pydantic_v1"] = MyPydanticV1(
+            foo="foo", bar=1, inner=InnerPydanticV1(hello="hello")
+        )
+        to_serialize["my_secret_str_v1"] = SecretStrV1("meow")
+
    serde = JsonPlusSerializer(__unpack_ext_hook__=_msgpack_ext_hook_to_json)

    dumped = serde.dumps_typed(to_serialize)

    assert dumped[0] == "msgpack"
    result = serde.loads_typed(dumped)
-    assert result == {
+
+    expected_result = {
        "path": ["foo", "bar"],
        "re": ["foo", 48],
        "decimal": "1.10101",
@@ -253,9 +252,7 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus_json_mode() -> None:
        "my_dataclass": {"foo": "foo", "bar": 1, "inner": {"hello": "hello"}},
        "my_enum": "foo",
        "my_pydantic": {"foo": "foo", "bar": 1, "inner": {"hello": "hello"}},
-        "my_pydantic_v1": {"foo": "foo", "bar": 1, "inner": {"hello": "hello"}},
        "my_secret_str": "meow",
-        "my_secret_str_v1": "meow",
        "person": {"name": "foo"},
        "a_bool": True,
        "a_none": None,
@@ -277,6 +274,12 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus_json_mode() -> None:
        },
    }

+    if sys.version_info < (3, 14):
+        expected_result["my_pydantic_v1"] = {"foo": "foo", "bar": 1, "inner": {"hello": "hello"}}
+        expected_result["my_secret_str_v1"] = "meow"
+
+    assert result == expected_result
+

 def test_serde_jsonplus_bytes() -> None:
    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
@@ -288,6 +291,20 @@ def test_serde_jsonplus_bytes() -> None:
    assert serde.loads_typed(dumped) == some_bytes


+def test_deserde_invalid_module() -> None:
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["pprint", "pprint"],
+        "kwargs": {"object": "HELLO"},
+    }
+    with pytest.raises(InvalidModuleError):
+        serde._revive_lc2(load)
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=[("pprint", "pprint")])
+    serde.loads_typed(("json", json.dumps(load).encode("utf-8")))
+
+
 def test_serde_jsonplus_bytearray() -> None:
    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()

@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ async def test_async_batched_vector_search_concurrent(
        ]
    )

-    for results, (query, filter_) in zip(all_results, search_queries):
+    for results, (query, filter_) in zip(all_results, search_queries, strict=False):
        assert len(results) > 0, f"No results for query '{query}' with filter {filter_}"

        for result in results:
@@ -950,8 +950,8 @@ async def test_embed_with_path(fake_embeddings: CharacterEmbeddings) -> None:
    assert results[0].key != results[1].key
    ascore = results[0].score
    bscore = results[1].score
-    assert ascore == bscore
    assert ascore is not None and bscore is not None
+    assert ascore == pytest.approx(bscore, abs=1e-5)

    results = await store.asearch(("test",), query="uuu")
    assert len(results) == 2
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Annotated, Literal, TypedDict

-from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
 from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults
 from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage
 from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
@@ -10,10 +9,8 @@ from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode

 tools = [TavilySearchResults(max_results=1)]

-model_anth = init_chat_model("claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219", model_provider="anthropic")
 model_oai = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)

-model_anth = model_anth.bind_tools(tools)
 model_oai = model_oai.bind_tools(tools)


@@ -35,10 +32,7 @@ def should_continue(state):

 # Define the function that calls the model
 def call_model(state, config):
-    if config["configurable"].get("model", "anthropic") == "anthropic":
-        model = model_anth
-    else:
-        model = model_oai
+    model = model_oai
    messages = state["messages"]
    response = model.invoke(messages)
    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[project]
+name = "graph-prerelease-reqs-additional-deps"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Test for prerelease stuff"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+dependencies = [
+  "langgraph==0.6.0"
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[project]
+name = "graph-prerelease-reqs-zuper-deps"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Test for prerelease stuff"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+dependencies = [
+  "langchain-openai==0.3.0"
+]
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 {
    "python_version": "3.12",
    "dependencies": [
-      "."
+      ".",
+      "./deps/additional_deps",
+      "./deps/zuper_deps"
    ],
    "graphs": {
      "agent": "./agent.py:graph"
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[project]
+name = "graph-prerelease-reqs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Test for prerelease stuff"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+dependencies = [
+  "langchain-openai==1.0.0a2",
+  "langgraph==1.0.0a2",
+  "langchain_community>=0.3.0",
+]
+
+[tool.uv]
+prerelease = "allow"
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-requests
-langchain_anthropic
-langchain_openai
-langchain_community
-langchain
-langgraph==1.0.0a2
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Annotated, Literal, TypedDict
+
+from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults
+from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage
+from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
+from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph, add_messages
+from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode
+
+tools = [TavilySearchResults(max_results=1)]
+
+model_oai = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0)
+
+model_oai = model_oai.bind_tools(tools)
+
+
+class AgentState(TypedDict):
+    messages: Annotated[Sequence[BaseMessage], add_messages]
+
+
+# Define the function that determines whether to continue or not
+def should_continue(state):
+    messages = state["messages"]
+    last_message = messages[-1]
+    # If there are no tool calls, then we finish
+    if not last_message.tool_calls:
+        return "end"
+    # Otherwise if there is, we continue
+    else:
+        return "continue"
+
+
+# Define the function that calls the model
+def call_model(state, config):
+    model = model_oai
+    messages = state["messages"]
+    response = model.invoke(messages)
+    # We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list
+    return {"messages": [response]}
+
+
+# Define the function to execute tools
+tool_node = ToolNode(tools)
+
+
+class ContextSchema(TypedDict):
+    model: Literal["anthropic", "openai"]
+
+
+# Define a new graph
+workflow = StateGraph(AgentState, context_schema=ContextSchema)
+
+# Define the two nodes we will cycle between
+workflow.add_node("agent", call_model)
+workflow.add_node("action", tool_node)
+
+# Set the entrypoint as `agent`
+# This means that this node is the first one called
+workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
+
+# We now add a conditional edge
+workflow.add_conditional_edges(
+    # First, we define the start node. We use `agent`.
+    # This means these are the edges taken after the `agent` node is called.
+    "agent",
+    # Next, we pass in the function that will determine which node is called next.
+    should_continue,
+    # Finally we pass in a mapping.
+    # The keys are strings, and the values are other nodes.
+    # END is a special node marking that the graph should finish.
+    # What will happen is we will call `should_continue`, and then the output of that
+    # will be matched against the keys in this mapping.
+    # Based on which one it matches, that node will then be called.
+    {
+        # If `tools`, then we call the tool node.
+        "continue": "action",
+        # Otherwise we finish.
+        "end": END,
+    },
+)
+
+# We now add a normal edge from `tools` to `agent`.
+# This means that after `tools` is called, `agent` node is called next.
+workflow.add_edge("action", "agent")
+
+# Finally, we compile it!
+# This compiles it into a LangChain Runnable,
+# meaning you can use it as you would any other runnable
+graph = workflow.compile()
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+    "python_version": "3.12",
+    "dependencies": [
+      "."
+    ],
+    "graphs": {
+      "agent": "./agent.py:graph"
+    },
+    "env": "../.env"
+  }
+  
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[project]
+name = "graph-prerelease-reqs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Test for prerelease stuff"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+dependencies = [
+  "langchain-openai==1.0.0a2",
+  "langgraph==1.0.0a2",
+  "langchain_community>=0.3.0",
+]
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 {
+  "$schema": "https://langgra.ph/schema.json",
  "python_version": "3.12",
  "dependencies": [
    "langchain_community",
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import json
-from typing import Annotated, Optional
+from typing import Annotated

 from langchain_community.retrievers import WikipediaRetriever
 from langchain_community.tools.tavily_search import TavilySearchResults
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class Subsection(BaseModel):
 class Section(BaseModel):
    section_title: str = Field(..., title="Title of the section")
    description: str = Field(..., title="Content of the section")
-    subsections: Optional[list[Subsection]] = Field(
+    subsections: list[Subsection] | None = Field(
        default=None,
        title="Titles and descriptions for each subsection of the Wikipedia page.",
    )
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ def update_editor(editor, new_editor):

 class InterviewState(TypedDict):
    messages: Annotated[list[AnyMessage], add_messages]
-    references: Annotated[Optional[dict], update_references]
-    editor: Annotated[Optional[Editor], update_editor]
+    references: Annotated[dict | None, update_references]
+    editor: Annotated[Editor | None, update_editor]


 gen_qn_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages(
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ async def search_engine(query: str):

 async def gen_answer(
    state: InterviewState,
-    config: Optional[RunnableConfig] = None,
+    config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
    name: str = "Subject_Matter_Expert",
    max_str_len: int = 15000,
 ):
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ class SubSection(BaseModel):
 class WikiSection(BaseModel):
    section_title: str = Field(..., title="Title of the section")
    content: str = Field(..., title="Full content of the section")
-    subsections: Optional[list[Subsection]] = Field(
+    subsections: list[Subsection] | None = Field(
        default=None,
        title="Titles and descriptions for each subsection of the Wikipedia page.",
    )
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 {
+  "$schema": "https://langgra.ph/schema.json",
  "dependencies": [
    "."
  ],
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 {
+  "$schema": "https://langgra.ph/schema.json",
  "dependencies": [
    "."
  ],
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "langgraph-examples"
 version = "0.1.0"
 description = ""
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dependencies = [
    "langgraph-cli",
    "langgraph-sdk",
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 {
+  "$schema": "https://langgra.ph/schema.json",
  "node_version": "20",
  "graphs": {
    "agent": "./src/agent/graph.ts:graph"
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "0.4.2"
+__version__ = "0.4.4"
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ import os
 import pathlib
 import shutil
 import sys
-from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Callable, Optional
+from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence

 import click
 import click.exceptions
@@ -200,23 +199,23 @@ def cli():
@log_command
 def up(
    config: pathlib.Path,
-    docker_compose: Optional[pathlib.Path],
+    docker_compose: pathlib.Path | None,
    port: int,
    recreate: bool,
    pull: bool,
    watch: bool,
    wait: bool,
    verbose: bool,
-    debugger_port: Optional[int],
-    debugger_base_url: Optional[str],
-    postgres_uri: Optional[str],
-    api_version: Optional[str],
-    image: Optional[str],
-    base_image: Optional[str],
+    debugger_port: int | None,
+    debugger_base_url: str | None,
+    postgres_uri: str | None,
+    api_version: str | None,
+    image: str | None,
+    base_image: str | None,
 ):
    click.secho("Starting LangGraph API server...", fg="green")
    click.secho(
-        """For local dev, requires env var LANGSMITH_API_KEY with access to LangGraph Platform.
+        """For local dev, requires env var LANGSMITH_API_KEY with access to LangSmith Deployment.
 For production use, requires a license key in env var LANGGRAPH_CLOUD_LICENSE_KEY.""",
    )
    with Runner() as runner, Progress(message="Pulling...") as set:
@@ -298,13 +297,13 @@ def _build(
    set: Callable[[str], None],
    config: pathlib.Path,
    config_json: dict,
-    base_image: Optional[str],
-    api_version: Optional[str],
+    base_image: str | None,
+    api_version: str | None,
    pull: bool,
    tag: str,
    passthrough: Sequence[str] = (),
-    install_command: Optional[str] = None,
-    build_command: Optional[str] = None,
+    install_command: str | None = None,
+    build_command: str | None = None,
 ):
    # pull latest images
    if pull:
@@ -403,12 +402,12 @@ def _build(
 def build(
    config: pathlib.Path,
    docker_build_args: Sequence[str],
-    base_image: Optional[str],
-    api_version: Optional[str],
+    base_image: str | None,
+    api_version: str | None,
    pull: bool,
    tag: str,
-    install_command: Optional[str],
-    build_command: Optional[str],
+    install_command: str | None,
+    build_command: str | None,
 ):
    with Runner() as runner, Progress(message="Pulling...") as set:
        if shutil.which("docker") is None:
@@ -512,8 +511,8 @@ def dockerfile(
    save_path: str,
    config: pathlib.Path,
    add_docker_compose: bool,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
    save_path = pathlib.Path(save_path).absolute()
    secho(f"🔍 Validating configuration at path: {config}", fg="yellow")
@@ -584,7 +583,7 @@ def dockerfile(
                        "\n",
                        "# LANGSMITH_API_KEY=your-api-key",
                        "\n",
-                        "# Or if you have a LangGraph Platform license key, "
+                        "# Or if you have a LangSmith Deployment license key, "
                        "then uncomment the following line: ",
                        "\n",
                        "# LANGGRAPH_CLOUD_LICENSE_KEY=your-license-key",
@@ -688,11 +687,11 @@ def dev(
    port: int,
    no_reload: bool,
    config: str,
-    n_jobs_per_worker: Optional[int],
+    n_jobs_per_worker: int | None,
    no_browser: bool,
-    debug_port: Optional[int],
+    debug_port: int | None,
    wait_for_client: bool,
-    studio_url: Optional[str],
+    studio_url: str | None,
    allow_blocking: bool,
    tunnel: bool,
    server_log_level: str,
@@ -776,7 +775,7 @@ def dev(
 )
@cli.command("new", help="🌱 Create a new LangGraph project from a template.")
@log_command
-def new(path: Optional[str], template: Optional[str]) -> None:
+def new(path: str | None, template: str | None) -> None:
    """Create a new LangGraph project from a template."""
    return create_new(path, template)

@@ -786,17 +785,17 @@ def prepare_args_and_stdin(
    capabilities: DockerCapabilities,
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
    config: Config,
-    docker_compose: Optional[pathlib.Path],
+    docker_compose: pathlib.Path | None,
    port: int,
    watch: bool,
-    debugger_port: Optional[int] = None,
-    debugger_base_url: Optional[str] = None,
-    postgres_uri: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    debugger_port: int | None = None,
+    debugger_base_url: str | None = None,
+    postgres_uri: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
    # Like "my-tag" (if you already built it locally)
-    image: Optional[str] = None,
+    image: str | None = None,
    # Like "langchain/langgraphjs-api" or "langchain/langgraph-api
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[list[str], str]:
    assert config_path.exists(), f"Config file not found: {config_path}"
    # prepare args
@@ -835,17 +834,17 @@ def prepare(
    *,
    capabilities: DockerCapabilities,
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
-    docker_compose: Optional[pathlib.Path],
+    docker_compose: pathlib.Path | None,
    port: int,
    pull: bool,
    watch: bool,
    verbose: bool,
-    debugger_port: Optional[int] = None,
-    debugger_base_url: Optional[str] = None,
-    postgres_uri: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
-    image: Optional[str] = None,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
+    debugger_port: int | None = None,
+    debugger_base_url: str | None = None,
+    postgres_uri: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
+    image: str | None = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[list[str], str]:
    """Prepare the arguments and stdin for running the LangGraph API server."""
    config_json = langgraph_cli.config.validate_config_file(config_path)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import pathlib
 import re
 import textwrap
 from collections import Counter
-from typing import Any, Literal, NamedTuple, Optional, TypedDict, Union
+from typing import Any, Literal, NamedTuple, TypedDict

 import click

@@ -18,25 +18,26 @@ DEFAULT_IMAGE_DISTRO = "debian"


 Distros = Literal["debian", "wolfi", "bullseye", "bookworm"]
+MiddlewareOrders = Literal["auth_first", "middleware_first"]


 class TTLConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """Configuration for TTL (time-to-live) behavior in the store."""

    refresh_on_read: bool
-    """Default behavior for refreshing TTLs on read operations (GET and SEARCH).
+    """Default behavior for refreshing TTLs on read operations (`GET` and `SEARCH`).
    
-    If True, TTLs will be refreshed on read operations (get/search) by default.
-    This can be overridden per-operation by explicitly setting refresh_ttl.
-    Defaults to True if not configured.
+    If `True`, TTLs will be refreshed on read operations (get/search) by default.
+    This can be overridden per-operation by explicitly setting `refresh_ttl`.
+    Defaults to `True` if not configured.
    """
-    default_ttl: Optional[float]
+    default_ttl: float | None
    """Optional. Default TTL (time-to-live) in minutes for new items.
    
    If provided, all new items will have this TTL unless explicitly overridden.
    If omitted, items will have no TTL by default.
    """
-    sweep_interval_minutes: Optional[int]
+    sweep_interval_minutes: int | None
    """Optional. Interval in minutes between TTL sweep iterations.
    
    If provided, the store will periodically delete expired items based on the TTL.
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ class IndexConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    Note: Must return embeddings of dimension `dims`.
    """

-    fields: Optional[list[str]]
+    fields: list[str] | None
    """Optional. List of JSON fields to extract before generating embeddings.
    
    Defaults to ["$"], which means the entire JSON object is embedded as one piece of text.
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ class StoreConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    the store will just handle traditional (non-embedded) data without vector lookups.
    """

-    index: Optional[IndexConfig]
+    index: IndexConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines the vector-based semantic search configuration.
    
    If provided, the store will:
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ class StoreConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    If omitted, no vector index is initialized.
    """

-    ttl: Optional[TTLConfig]
+    ttl: TTLConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines the TTL (time-to-live) behavior configuration.
    
    If provided, the store will apply TTL settings according to the configuration.
@@ -129,9 +130,9 @@ class ThreadTTLConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    Choices:
      - "delete": Delete all checkpoints for a thread after TTL expires.
    """
-    default_ttl: Optional[float]
+    default_ttl: float | None
    """Default TTL (time-to-live) in minutes for checkpointed data."""
-    sweep_interval_minutes: Optional[int]
+    sweep_interval_minutes: int | None
    """Interval in minutes between sweep iterations.
    If omitted, a default interval will be used (typically ~ 5 minutes)."""

@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ class CheckpointerConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    If omitted, no checkpointer is set up (the object store will still be present, however).
    """

-    ttl: Optional[ThreadTTLConfig]
+    ttl: ThreadTTLConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines the TTL (time-to-live) behavior configuration.
    
    If provided, the checkpointer will apply TTL settings according to the configuration.
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ class SecurityConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """

    securitySchemes: dict[str, dict[str, Any]]
-    """Required. Dict describing each security scheme recognized by your OpenAPI spec.
+    """Describe each security scheme recognized by your OpenAPI spec.
    
    Keys are scheme names (e.g. "OAuth2", "ApiKeyAuth") and values are their definitions.
    Example:
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ class SecurityConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
        }
    """
    security: list[dict[str, list[str]]]
-    """Optional. Global security requirements across all endpoints.
+    """Global security requirements across all endpoints.
    
    Each element in the list maps a security scheme (e.g. "OAuth2") to a list of scopes (e.g. ["read", "write"]).
    Example:
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ class SecurityConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """
    # path => {method => security}
    paths: dict[str, dict[str, list[dict[str, list[str]]]]]
-    """Optional. Path-specific security overrides.
+    """Path-specific security overrides.
    
    Keys are path templates (e.g., "/items/{item_id}"), mapping to:
      - Keys that are HTTP methods (e.g., "GET", "POST"),
@@ -214,11 +215,11 @@ class AuthConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    """Optional. Whether to disable LangSmith API-key authentication for requests originating the Studio. 
    
    Defaults to False, meaning that if a particular header is set, the server will verify the `x-api-key` header
-    value is a valid API key for the deployment's workspace. If True, all requests will go through your custom
+    value is a valid API key for the deployment's workspace. If `True`, all requests will go through your custom
    authentication logic, regardless of origin of the request.
    """
    openapi: SecurityConfig
-    """Required. Detailed security configuration that merges into your deployment's OpenAPI spec.
+    """The security configuration to include in your server's OpenAPI spec.
    
    Example (OAuth2):
        {
@@ -261,7 +262,7 @@ class CorsConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    allow_headers: list[str]
    """Optional. HTTP headers that can be used in cross-origin requests (e.g. ["Content-Type", "Authorization"])."""
    allow_credentials: bool
-    """Optional. If True, cross-origin requests can include credentials (cookies, auth headers).
+    """Optional. If `True`, cross-origin requests can include credentials (cookies, auth headers).
    
    Default False to avoid accidentally exposing secured endpoints to untrusted sites.
    """
@@ -289,14 +290,14 @@ class ConfigurableHeaderConfig(TypedDict):
    Each value can be a raw string with an optional wildcard.
    """

-    includes: Optional[list[str]]
+    includes: list[str] | None
    """Headers to include (if not also matches against an 'exludes' pattern.

    Examples:
        - 'user-agent'
        - 'x-configurable-*'
    """
-    excludes: Optional[list[str]]
+    excludes: list[str] | None
    """Headers to exclude. Applied before the 'includes' checks.

    Examples:
@@ -316,27 +317,27 @@ class HttpConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    If provided, it can override or extend the default routes.
    """
    disable_assistants: bool
-    """Optional. If True, /assistants routes are removed from the server.
+    """Optional. If `True`, /assistants routes are removed from the server.
    
    Default is False (meaning /assistants is enabled).
    """
    disable_threads: bool
-    """Optional. If True, /threads routes are removed.
+    """Optional. If `True`, /threads routes are removed.
    
    Default is False.
    """
    disable_runs: bool
-    """Optional. If True, /runs routes are removed.
+    """Optional. If `True`, /runs routes are removed.
    
    Default is False.
    """
    disable_store: bool
-    """Optional. If True, /store routes are removed, disabling direct store interactions via HTTP.
+    """Optional. If `True`, /store routes are removed, disabling direct store interactions via HTTP.
    
    Default is False.
    """
    disable_mcp: bool
-    """Optional. If True, /mcp routes are removed, disabling the MCP server.
+    """Optional. If `True`, /mcp routes are removed, disabling the MCP server.
    
    Default is False.
    """
@@ -348,17 +349,36 @@ class HttpConfig(TypedDict, total=False):
    
    Default is False.
    """
-    cors: Optional[CorsConfig]
+    cors: CorsConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines CORS restrictions. If omitted, no special rules are set and 
    cross-origin behavior depends on default server settings.
    """
-    configurable_headers: Optional[ConfigurableHeaderConfig]
+    configurable_headers: ConfigurableHeaderConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines how headers are treated for a run's configuration.

    You can include or exclude headers as configurable values to condition your
    agent's behavior or permissions on a request's headers."""
-    logging_headers: Optional[ConfigurableHeaderConfig]
+    logging_headers: ConfigurableHeaderConfig | None
    """Optional. Defines which headers are excluded from logging."""
+    middleware_order: MiddlewareOrders | None
+    """Optional. Defines the order in which to apply server customizations.
+
+    Choices:
+      - "auth_first": Authentication hooks (custom or default) are evaluated
+      before custom middleware.
+      - "middleware_first": Custom middleware is evaluated
+      before authentication hooks (custom or default).
+
+    Default is `middleware_first`.
+    """
+    enable_custom_route_auth: bool
+    """Optional. If `True`, authentication is enabled for custom routes,
+    not just the routes that are protected by default.
+    (Routes protected by default include /assistants, /threads, and /runs).
+
+    Default is False. This flag only affects authentication behavior
+    if `app` is provided and contains custom routes.
+    """


 class Config(TypedDict, total=False):
@@ -369,42 +389,42 @@ class Config(TypedDict, total=False):
    Must be at least 3.11 or greater for this deployment to function properly.
    """

-    node_version: Optional[str]
+    node_version: str | None
    """Optional. Node.js version as a major version (e.g. '20'), if your deployment needs Node.
    Must be >= 20 if provided.
    """

-    api_version: Optional[str]
+    api_version: str | None
    """Optional. Which semantic version of the LangGraph API server to use.
    
    Defaults to latest. Check the
    [changelog](https://docs.langchain.com/langgraph-platform/langgraph-server-changelog)
    for more information."""

-    _INTERNAL_docker_tag: Optional[str]
+    _INTERNAL_docker_tag: str | None
    """Optional. Internal use only.
    """

-    base_image: Optional[str]
+    base_image: str | None
    """Optional. Base image to use for the LangGraph API server.
    
    Defaults to langchain/langgraph-api or langchain/langgraphjs-api."""

-    image_distro: Optional[Distros]
+    image_distro: Distros | None
    """Optional. Linux distribution for the base image.
    
    Must be one of 'wolfi', 'debian', 'bullseye', or 'bookworm'.
    If omitted, defaults to 'debian' ('latest').
    """

-    pip_config_file: Optional[str]
+    pip_config_file: str | None
    """Optional. Path to a pip config file (e.g., "/etc/pip.conf" or "pip.ini") for controlling
    package installation (custom indices, credentials, etc.).
    
    Only relevant if Python dependencies are installed via pip. If omitted, default pip settings are used.
    """

-    pip_installer: Optional[str]
+    pip_installer: str | None
    """Optional. Python package installer to use ('auto', 'pip', 'uv').
    
    - 'auto' (default): Use uv for supported base images, otherwise pip
@@ -449,7 +469,7 @@ class Config(TypedDict, total=False):
        }
    """

-    env: Union[dict[str, str], str]
+    env: dict[str, str] | str
    """Optional. Environment variables to set for your deployment.
    
    - If given as a dict, keys are variable names and values are their values.
@@ -461,33 +481,33 @@ class Config(TypedDict, total=False):
        env=".env"
    """

-    store: Optional[StoreConfig]
+    store: StoreConfig | None
    """Optional. Configuration for the built-in long-term memory store, including semantic search indexing.
    
    If omitted, no vector index is set up (the object store will still be present, however).
    """

-    checkpointer: Optional[CheckpointerConfig]
+    checkpointer: CheckpointerConfig | None
    """Optional. Configuration for the built-in checkpointer, which handles checkpointing of state.
    
    If omitted, no checkpointer is set up (the object store will still be present, however).
    """

-    auth: Optional[AuthConfig]
+    auth: AuthConfig | None
    """Optional. Custom authentication config, including the path to your Python auth logic and 
    the OpenAPI security definitions it uses.
    """

-    http: Optional[HttpConfig]
+    http: HttpConfig | None
    """Optional. Configuration for the built-in HTTP server, controlling which custom routes are exposed
    and how cross-origin requests are handled.
    """

-    ui: Optional[dict[str, str]]
+    ui: dict[str, str] | None
    """Optional. Named definitions of UI components emitted by the agent, each pointing to a JS/TS file.
    """

-    keep_pkg_tools: Optional[Union[bool, list[str]]]
+    keep_pkg_tools: bool | list[str] | None
    """Optional. Control whether to retain Python packaging tools in the final image.
    
    Allowed tools are: "pip", "setuptools", "wheel".
@@ -500,7 +520,7 @@ _BUILD_TOOLS = ("pip", "setuptools", "wheel")

 def _get_pip_cleanup_lines(
    install_cmd: str,
-    to_uninstall: Optional[tuple[str]],
+    to_uninstall: tuple[str] | None,
    pip_installer: Literal["uv", "pip"],
 ) -> str:
    commands = [
@@ -566,7 +586,7 @@ def _parse_node_version(version_str: str) -> int:
        ) from None


-def _is_node_graph(spec: Union[str, dict]) -> bool:
+def _is_node_graph(spec: str | dict) -> bool:
    """Check if a graph is a Node.js graph based on the file extension."""
    if isinstance(spec, dict):
        spec = spec.get("path")
@@ -826,7 +846,7 @@ class LocalDeps(NamedTuple):
    real_pkgs: dict[pathlib.Path, tuple[str, str]]
    faux_pkgs: dict[pathlib.Path, tuple[str, str]]
    # if . is in dependencies, use it as working_dir
-    working_dir: Optional[str] = None
+    working_dir: str | None = None
    # if there are local dependencies in parent directories, use additional_contexts
    additional_contexts: list[pathlib.Path] = None

@@ -862,7 +882,7 @@ def _assemble_local_deps(config_path: pathlib.Path, config: Config) -> LocalDeps
    pip_reqs = []
    real_pkgs = {}
    faux_pkgs = {}
-    working_dir: Optional[str] = None
+    working_dir: str | None = None
    additional_contexts: list[pathlib.Path] = []

    for local_dep in config["dependencies"]:
@@ -1245,7 +1265,7 @@ def python_config_to_docker(
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
    config: Config,
    base_image: str,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[str, dict[str, str]]:
    """Generate a Dockerfile from the configuration."""
    pip_installer = config.get("pip_installer", "auto")
@@ -1256,16 +1276,22 @@ def python_config_to_docker(
        else:
            pip_installer = "pip"
    if pip_installer == "uv":
-        install_cmd = "uv pip install --system --prerelease=allow"
+        install_cmd = "uv pip install --system"
    elif pip_installer == "pip":
        install_cmd = "pip install"
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Invalid pip_installer: {pip_installer}")

    # configure pip
-    pip_install = f"PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 {install_cmd} --no-cache-dir -c /api/constraints.txt"
+    local_reqs_pip_install = f"PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 {install_cmd} --no-cache-dir -c /api/constraints.txt"
+    global_reqs_pip_install = f"PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 {install_cmd} --no-cache-dir -c /api/constraints.txt"
    if config.get("pip_config_file"):
-        pip_install = f"PIP_CONFIG_FILE=/pipconfig.txt {pip_install}"
+        local_reqs_pip_install = (
+            f"PIP_CONFIG_FILE=/pipconfig.txt {local_reqs_pip_install}"
+        )
+        global_reqs_pip_install = (
+            f"PIP_CONFIG_FILE=/pipconfig.txt {global_reqs_pip_install}"
+        )
    pip_config_file_str = (
        f"ADD {config['pip_config_file']} /pipconfig.txt"
        if config.get("pip_config_file")
@@ -1282,7 +1308,9 @@ def python_config_to_docker(
    # Rewrite HTTP app path, so it points to the correct location in the Docker container
    _update_http_app_path(config_path, config, local_deps)

-    pip_pkgs_str = f"RUN {pip_install} {' '.join(pypi_deps)}" if pypi_deps else ""
+    pip_pkgs_str = (
+        f"RUN {local_reqs_pip_install} {' '.join(pypi_deps)}" if pypi_deps else ""
+    )
    if local_deps.pip_reqs:
        pip_reqs_str = os.linesep.join(
            (
@@ -1292,7 +1320,7 @@ def python_config_to_docker(
            )
            for reqpath, destpath in local_deps.pip_reqs
        )
-        pip_reqs_str += f"{os.linesep}RUN {pip_install} {' '.join('-r ' + r for _, r in local_deps.pip_reqs)}"
+        pip_reqs_str += f"{os.linesep}RUN {local_reqs_pip_install} {' '.join('-r ' + r for _, r in local_deps.pip_reqs)}"
        pip_reqs_str = f"""# -- Installing local requirements --
 {pip_reqs_str}
 # -- End of local requirements install --"""
@@ -1402,7 +1430,13 @@ ADD {relpath} /deps/{name}
        installs,
        "",
        "# -- Installing all local dependencies --",
-        f"RUN {pip_install} -e /deps/*",
+        f"""RUN for dep in /deps/*; do \
+            echo "Installing $dep"; \
+            if [ -d "$dep" ]; then \
+                echo "Installing $dep"; \
+                (cd "$dep" && {global_reqs_pip_install} -e .); \
+            fi; \
+        done""",
        "# -- End of local dependencies install --",
        os.linesep.join(env_vars),
        "",
@@ -1435,10 +1469,10 @@ def node_config_to_docker(
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
    config: Config,
    base_image: str,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
-    install_command: Optional[str] = None,
-    build_command: Optional[str] = None,
-    build_context: Optional[str] = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
+    install_command: str | None = None,
+    build_command: str | None = None,
+    build_context: str | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[str, dict[str, str]]:
    # Calculate paths for monorepo support
    if build_context:
@@ -1528,8 +1562,8 @@ def default_base_image(config: Config) -> str:

 def docker_tag(
    config: Config,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
    api_version = api_version or config.get("api_version")
    base_image = base_image or default_base_image(config)
@@ -1578,11 +1612,11 @@ def _calculate_relative_workdir(config_path: pathlib.Path, build_context: str) -
 def config_to_docker(
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
    config: Config,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
-    install_command: Optional[str] = None,
-    build_command: Optional[str] = None,
-    build_context: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
+    install_command: str | None = None,
+    build_command: str | None = None,
+    build_context: str | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[str, dict[str, str]]:
    base_image = base_image or default_base_image(config)

@@ -1603,9 +1637,9 @@ def config_to_docker(
 def config_to_compose(
    config_path: pathlib.Path,
    config: Config,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
-    image: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
+    image: str | None = None,
    watch: bool = False,
 ) -> str:
    base_image = base_image or default_base_image(config)
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import json
 import pathlib
 import shutil
-from typing import Literal, NamedTuple, Optional
+from typing import Literal, NamedTuple

 import click.exceptions

@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ def _parse_version(version: str) -> Version:
        patch = "0"
    else:
        major, minor, patch = parts
-    return Version(int(major.lstrip("v")), int(minor), int(patch.split("-")[0]))
+    return Version(
+        int(major.lstrip("v")), int(minor), int(patch.split("-")[0].split("+")[0])
+    )


 def check_capabilities(runner) -> DockerCapabilities:
@@ -88,9 +90,7 @@ def check_capabilities(runner) -> DockerCapabilities:
    )


-def debugger_compose(
-    *, port: Optional[int] = None, base_url: Optional[str] = None
-) -> dict:
+def debugger_compose(*, port: int | None = None, base_url: str | None = None) -> dict:
    if port is None:
        return ""

@@ -139,16 +139,16 @@ def compose_as_dict(
    capabilities: DockerCapabilities,
    *,
    port: int,
-    debugger_port: Optional[int] = None,
-    debugger_base_url: Optional[str] = None,
+    debugger_port: int | None = None,
+    debugger_base_url: str | None = None,
    # postgres://user:password@host:port/database?option=value
-    postgres_uri: Optional[str] = None,
+    postgres_uri: str | None = None,
    # If you are running against an already-built image, you can pass it here
-    image: Optional[str] = None,
+    image: str | None = None,
    # Base image to use for the LangGraph API server
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
    # API version of the base image
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
 ) -> dict:
    """Create a docker compose file as a dictionary in YML style."""
    if postgres_uri is None:
@@ -248,13 +248,13 @@ def compose(
    capabilities: DockerCapabilities,
    *,
    port: int,
-    debugger_port: Optional[int] = None,
-    debugger_base_url: Optional[str] = None,
+    debugger_port: int | None = None,
+    debugger_base_url: str | None = None,
    # postgres://user:password@host:port/database?option=value
-    postgres_uri: Optional[str] = None,
-    image: Optional[str] = None,
-    base_image: Optional[str] = None,
-    api_version: Optional[str] = None,
+    postgres_uri: str | None = None,
+    image: str | None = None,
+    base_image: str | None = None,
+    api_version: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
    """Create a docker compose file as a string."""
    compose_content = compose_as_dict(
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import asyncio
 import signal
 import sys
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Callable, Optional, cast
+from typing import cast

 import click.exceptions

@@ -30,12 +31,12 @@ def Runner():
 async def subp_exec(
    cmd: str,
    *args: str,
-    input: Optional[str] = None,
-    wait: Optional[float] = None,
+    input: str | None = None,
+    wait: float | None = None,
    verbose: bool = False,
    collect: bool = False,
-    on_stdout: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[bool]]] = None,
-) -> tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+    on_stdout: Callable[[str], bool | None] | None = None,
+) -> tuple[str | None, str | None]:
    if verbose:
        cmd_str = f"+ {cmd} {' '.join(map(str, args))}"
        if input:
@@ -126,8 +127,8 @@ async def monitor_stream(
    stream: asyncio.StreamReader,
    collect: bool = False,
    display: bool = False,
-    on_line: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[bool]]] = None,
-) -> Optional[bytearray]:
+    on_line: Callable[[str], bool | None] | None = None,
+) -> bytearray | None:
    if collect:
        ba = bytearray()

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import sys
 import threading
 import time
-from typing import Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable


 class Progress:
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 from io import BytesIO
-from typing import Optional
 from urllib import error, request
 from zipfile import ZipFile

@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def _choose_template() -> str:
        click.secho(f" - {template_info['description']}", fg="white")

    # Get the template choice from the user, defaulting to the first template if blank
-    template_choice: Optional[int] = click.prompt(
+    template_choice: int | None = click.prompt(
        "Enter the number of your template choice (default is 1)",
        type=int,
        default=1,
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ def _download_repo_with_requests(repo_url: str, path: str) -> None:
        sys.exit(1)


-def _get_template_url(template_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+def _get_template_url(template_name: str) -> str | None:
    """
    Retrieves the template URL based on the provided template name.

@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ def _get_template_url(template_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
        return None


-def create_new(path: Optional[str], template: Optional[str]) -> None:
+def create_new(path: str | None, template: str | None) -> None:
    """Create a new LangGraph project at the specified PATH using the chosen TEMPLATE.

    Args:
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "langgraph-cli"
 dynamic = ["version"]
 description = "CLI for interacting with LangGraph API"
 authors = []
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
@@ -31,16 +31,22 @@ Repository = "https://www.github.com/langchain-ai/langgraph"
 langgraph = "langgraph_cli.cli:cli"

 [dependency-groups]
-dev = [
-    "ruff",
-    "codespell",
+test = [
    "pytest",
    "pytest-asyncio",
    "pytest-mock",
    "pytest-watch",
-    "mypy",
    "msgspec",
 ]
+lint = [
+    "ruff",
+    "codespell",
+    "mypy",
+]
+dev = [
+    {include-group = "test"},
+    {include-group = "lint"},
+]

 [tool.uv]
 default-groups = ['dev']
@@ -59,5 +65,7 @@ lint.select = [
  "UP", # pyupgrade
  "B",  # flake8-bugbear
  "I",  # isort
+  "UP", # pyupgrade
 ]
 lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
+target-version = "py310"
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More