release(checkpoint): 4.1.1 (#7890)

## Summary

Bumps `langgraph-checkpoint` `4.1.0` → `4.1.1` and updates all
downstream `uv.lock` files.

## Test plan

- [x] `make format` / `make lint` / `make test` from `libs/checkpoint/`

.github/workflows/_test.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
           cache-suffix: test-${{ inputs.working-directory }}
           working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
       - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@b45d80f862d83dbcd57f89517bcf500b2ab88fb2 # v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@4907a6ddec9925e35a0a9e82d7399ccc52663121 # v4
         if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork }}
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}

.github/workflows/_test_langgraph.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
           cache-suffix: "test-langgraph"
           working-directory: libs/langgraph
       - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@b45d80f862d83dbcd57f89517bcf500b2ab88fb2 # v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@4907a6ddec9925e35a0a9e82d7399ccc52663121 # v4
         if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork }}
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}

.github/workflows/_test_release.yml

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ jobs:
           path: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}/dist/
 
       - name: Publish to test PyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ed0c53931b1dc9bd32cbe73a98c7f6766f8a527e # release/v1
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@cef221092ed1bacb1cc03d23a2d87d1d172e277b # release/v1
         with:
           packages-dir: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}/dist/
           verbose: true

.github/workflows/bench.yml

@@ -57,15 +57,19 @@ jobs:
             echo EOF
           } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: Annotation
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
+        env:
+          CHANGED_FILES: ${{ steps.files.outputs.added_modified_renamed }}
+          BENCHMARK_OUTPUT: ${{ steps.benchmark.outputs.OUTPUT }}
+          COMPARE_OUTPUT: ${{ steps.compare.outputs.OUTPUT }}
         with:
           script: |
-            const file = JSON.parse(`${{ steps.files.outputs.added_modified_renamed }}`)[0]
-            core.notice(`${{ steps.benchmark.outputs.OUTPUT }}`, {
+            const file = JSON.parse(process.env.CHANGED_FILES || "[]")[0]
+            core.notice(process.env.BENCHMARK_OUTPUT || "", {
               title: 'Benchmark results',
               file,
             })
-            core.notice(`${{ steps.compare.outputs.OUTPUT }}`, {
+            core.notice(process.env.COMPARE_OUTPUT || "", {
               title: 'Comparison against main',
               file,
             })

.github/workflows/deploy-redirects.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/configure-pages@v6
 
       - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: 'docs/_site'
 

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
           cache-suffix: "release"
+          enable-cache: false
           working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
       # We want to keep this build stage *separate* from the release stage,
@@ -268,6 +269,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
           cache-suffix: "release"
+          enable-cache: false
           working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
@@ -276,7 +278,7 @@ jobs:
           path: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}/dist/
 
       - name: Publish package distributions to PyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@ed0c53931b1dc9bd32cbe73a98c7f6766f8a527e # release/v1
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@cef221092ed1bacb1cc03d23a2d87d1d172e277b # release/v1
         with:
           packages-dir: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}/dist/
           verbose: true
@@ -309,6 +311,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
           cache-suffix: "release"
+          enable-cache: false
           working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v8

.github/workflows/reopen_on_assignment.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Find and reopen matching PRs
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           script: |
             const { owner, repo } = context.repo;

.github/workflows/require_issue_link.yml

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Check for issue link and assignee
         id: check-link
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           script: |
             const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ jobs:
         if: >-
           env.ENFORCE_ISSUE_LINK == 'true' &&
           (steps.check-link.outputs.has-link != 'true' || steps.check-link.outputs.is-assigned != 'true')
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           script: |
             const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ jobs:
         if: >-
           env.ENFORCE_ISSUE_LINK == 'true' &&
           steps.check-link.outputs.has-link == 'true' && steps.check-link.outputs.is-assigned == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           script: |
             const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ jobs:
         if: >-
           env.ENFORCE_ISSUE_LINK == 'true' &&
           (steps.check-link.outputs.has-link != 'true' || steps.check-link.outputs.is-assigned != 'true')
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           script: |
             const { owner, repo } = context.repo;

.github/workflows/tag-external-issues.yml

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Check if contributor is external
         if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'success'
         id: check-membership
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Apply contributor tier label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add external label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add internal label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'false'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ jobs:
           private-key: ${{ secrets.ORG_MEMBERSHIP_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
 
       - name: Backfill labels
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |

.github/workflows/tag-external-prs.yml

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Check if contributor is external
         if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'success'
         id: check-membership
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ jobs:
       # event fires and triggers require_issue_link.yml.
       - name: Apply contributor tier label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           # Use App token so the "labeled" event propagates to downstream
           # workflows (e.g. require_issue_link.yml).
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add external label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'true'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           # Use App token so the "labeled" event propagates to downstream
           # workflows (e.g. require_issue_link.yml). Events created by the
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add internal label
         if: steps.check-membership.outputs.is-external == 'false'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v9
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           script: |

.github/workflows/uv_lock_ugprade.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
         run: make lock-upgrade
           
       - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@c0f553fe549906ede9cf27b5156039d195d2ece0 # v8
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@5f6978faf089d4d20b00c7766989d076bb2fc7f1 # v8
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           commit-message: "chore(deps): upgrade dependencies with `uv lock --upgrade`"

README.md

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Trusted by companies shaping the future of agents – including Klarna, Replit,
 pip install -U langgraph
 ```
 
-If you're looking to quickly build agents with LangChain's `create_agent` (built on LangGraph), check out the [LangChain Agents documentation](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/python/langchain/agents).
+> [!TIP]
+> If you're looking to quickly build agents, check out **[Deep Agents](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/python/deepagents/overview)** — a higher-level package built on LangGraph for agents that can plan, use subagents, and leverage file systems for complex tasks.
 
-> [!NOTE]
-> Looking for the JS/TS library? Check out [LangGraph.js](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraphjs) and the [JS docs](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/javascript/langgraph/overview).
+For an equivalent JS/TS library, check out [LangGraph.js](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langgraphjs) and the [JS docs](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/javascript/langgraph/overview).
 
 ## Why use LangGraph?
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ While LangGraph can be used standalone, it also integrates seamlessly with any L
 
 To improve your LLM application development, pair LangGraph with:
 
-- [Deep Agents](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents) *(new!)* – Build agents that can plan, use subagents, and leverage file systems for complex tasks.
+- [Deep Agents](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/python/deepagents/overview) – Build agents that can plan, use subagents, and leverage file systems for complex tasks.
 - [LangChain](https://docs.langchain.com/oss/python/langchain/overview) – Provides integrations and composable components to streamline LLM application development.
 - [LangSmith](https://www.langchain.com/langsmith) – Helpful for agent evals and observability. Debug poor-performing LLM app runs, evaluate agent trajectories, gain visibility in production, and improve performance over time.
 - [LangSmith Deployment](https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/deployments) – Deploy and scale agents effortlessly with a purpose-built deployment platform for long-running, stateful workflows. Discover, reuse, configure, and share agents across teams – and iterate quickly with visual prototyping in [LangSmith Studio](https://docs.langchain.com/langsmith/studio).

libs/checkpoint-conformance/README.md

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ The suite tests **base** capabilities (required) and **extended** capabilities (
 | `delete_for_runs` | no | `adelete_for_runs` |
 | `copy_thread` | no | `acopy_thread` |
 | `prune` | no | `aprune` |
+| `delta_channel_history` | no | `aget_delta_channel_history` |
 
 Extended capabilities are detected by checking whether the method is overridden from `BaseCheckpointSaver`. If not overridden, those tests are skipped.
 

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/capabilities.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class Capability(str, Enum):
     DELETE_FOR_RUNS = "delete_for_runs"
     COPY_THREAD = "copy_thread"
     PRUNE = "prune"
+    DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY = "delta_channel_history"
 
 
 # Capabilities that every checkpointer must support.
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ EXTENDED_CAPABILITIES = frozenset(
         Capability.DELETE_FOR_RUNS,
         Capability.COPY_THREAD,
         Capability.PRUNE,
+        Capability.DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY,
     }
 )
 
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ _CAPABILITY_METHOD_MAP: dict[Capability, str] = {
     Capability.DELETE_FOR_RUNS: "adelete_for_runs",
     Capability.COPY_THREAD: "acopy_thread",
     Capability.PRUNE: "aprune",
+    Capability.DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY: "aget_delta_channel_history",
 }
 
 

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/spec/__init__.py

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delete_for_runs import (
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delete_thread import (
     run_delete_thread_tests,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delta_channel_history import (
+    run_delta_channel_history_tests,
+)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_get_tuple import run_get_tuple_tests
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_list import run_list_tests
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_prune import run_prune_tests
@@ -24,4 +27,5 @@ __all__ = [
     "run_delete_for_runs_tests",
     "run_copy_thread_tests",
     "run_prune_tests",
+    "run_delta_channel_history_tests",
 ]

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/spec/_delta_fixtures.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""Shared fixtures for delta-channel conformance tests.
+
+Builds a parent chain with `_DeltaSnapshot` blobs at known positions via
+direct `aput` / `aput_writes` calls. No langgraph or Pregel dependency.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Any
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import BaseCheckpointSaver, Checkpoint
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.test_utils import generate_metadata
+
+
+async def build_delta_chain(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    *,
+    thread_id: str | None = None,
+    checkpoint_ns: str = "",
+    channel: str = "messages",
+    snapshots_at_steps: Sequence[int] = (0,),
+    total_steps: int = 6,
+    write_value_fn: Any | None = None,
+) -> list[RunnableConfig]:
+    """Build a parent chain with `_DeltaSnapshot` at known positions.
+
+    Args:
+        saver: Checkpointer instance.
+        thread_id: Defaults to a random UUID.
+        checkpoint_ns: Namespace (default root).
+        channel: Channel name used for snapshots and writes.
+        snapshots_at_steps: Steps at which a `_DeltaSnapshot` blob is stored
+            in `channel_values[channel]`. Step 0 is the oldest checkpoint.
+        total_steps: Number of checkpoints in the chain.
+        write_value_fn: Callable(step) -> write value. Defaults to step index.
+
+    Returns:
+        List of stored configs (oldest first), one per step.
+    """
+    if write_value_fn is None:
+
+        def write_value_fn(step: int) -> Any:
+            return step
+
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+
+    thread_id = thread_id or str(uuid4())
+    snapshot_set = set(snapshots_at_steps)
+    stored: list[RunnableConfig] = []
+    parent_cfg: RunnableConfig | None = None
+
+    for step in range(total_steps):
+        config: RunnableConfig = {
+            "configurable": {
+                "thread_id": thread_id,
+                "checkpoint_ns": checkpoint_ns,
+            }
+        }
+        if parent_cfg:
+            config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"] = parent_cfg["configurable"][
+                "checkpoint_id"
+            ]
+
+        channel_values: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        channel_versions: dict[str, int] = {}
+        if step in snapshot_set:
+            channel_values[channel] = _DeltaSnapshot(
+                write_value_fn(step),
+            )
+            channel_versions[channel] = step + 1
+
+        cp = Checkpoint(
+            v=1,
+            id=str(uuid6(clock_seq=-1)),
+            ts="",
+            channel_values=channel_values,
+            channel_versions=channel_versions,
+            versions_seen={},
+            updated_channels=None,
+        )
+        new_versions = dict(channel_versions)
+        parent_cfg = await saver.aput(
+            config, cp, generate_metadata(step=step), new_versions
+        )
+        stored.append(parent_cfg)
+
+        # Write a pending write for non-snapshot steps so the walk has
+        # something to collect.
+        if step not in snapshot_set:
+            await saver.aput_writes(
+                parent_cfg, [(channel, write_value_fn(step))], str(uuid4())
+            )
+
+    return stored

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/spec/test_delta_channel_history.py

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+"""DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY capability tests — aget_delta_channel_history contract."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import traceback
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import BaseCheckpointSaver
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec._delta_fixtures import build_delta_chain
+
+
+async def test_history_returns_writes_oldest_first(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Writes are returned oldest-to-newest."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    # 5 steps: snapshot at 0, writes at 1,2,3,4.
+    # Head is step 4. Walk starts at step 3 (parent of head).
+    # Collects writes from steps 1,2,3 (between snapshot at 0 and head's parent).
+    configs = await build_delta_chain(
+        saver, thread_id=tid, channel="ch", snapshots_at_steps=[0], total_steps=5
+    )
+    head = configs[-1]
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
+    writes = result["ch"]["writes"]
+    values = [w[2] for w in writes]
+    assert values == [1, 2, 3], f"Expected [1,2,3], got {values}"
+
+
+async def test_history_seed_is_nearest_snapshot(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Seed is the value from the nearest ancestor with channel_values populated."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    # 6 steps: snapshots at 0 and 3, writes at 1,2,4,5.
+    # Head is step 5. Walk from step 4 backward stops at step 3 (snapshot).
+    # Collects writes from step 4 only (between step 3 and head's parent step 4).
+    configs = await build_delta_chain(
+        saver,
+        thread_id=tid,
+        channel="ch",
+        snapshots_at_steps=[0, 3],
+        total_steps=6,
+    )
+    head = configs[-1]
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
+    assert "seed" in result["ch"], "Expected seed from snapshot at step 3"
+    seed = result["ch"]["seed"]
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+
+    actual_value = seed.value if isinstance(seed, _DeltaSnapshot) else seed
+    assert actual_value == 3, f"Expected seed value 3 (step 3), got {actual_value}"
+    writes = result["ch"]["writes"]
+    values = [w[2] for w in writes]
+    assert values == [4], f"Expected [4], got {values}"
+
+
+async def test_history_excludes_target_pending_writes(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Target's own pending_writes are NOT included in the history."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    configs = await build_delta_chain(
+        saver, thread_id=tid, channel="ch", snapshots_at_steps=[0], total_steps=3
+    )
+    head = configs[-1]
+    # Add writes directly to the head checkpoint
+    await saver.aput_writes(head, [("ch", "extra")], str(uuid4()))
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
+    writes = result["ch"]["writes"]
+    values = [w[2] for w in writes]
+    assert "extra" not in values, f"Target's writes should be excluded, got {values}"
+
+
+async def test_history_multi_channel(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Multiple channels have independent walk termination."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    configs: list = []
+    parent_cfg = None
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.base import Checkpoint
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.test_utils import generate_metadata
+
+    for step in range(5):
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": tid, "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+        if parent_cfg:
+            config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"] = parent_cfg["configurable"][
+                "checkpoint_id"
+            ]
+        cv: dict = {}
+        cvs: dict = {}
+        if step == 1:
+            cv["a"] = _DeltaSnapshot("snap_a")
+            cvs["a"] = step + 1
+        if step == 3:
+            cv["b"] = _DeltaSnapshot("snap_b")
+            cvs["b"] = step + 1
+        cp = Checkpoint(
+            v=1,
+            id=str(uuid6(clock_seq=-1)),
+            ts="",
+            channel_values=cv,
+            channel_versions=cvs,
+            versions_seen={},
+            updated_channels=None,
+        )
+        parent_cfg = await saver.aput(config, cp, generate_metadata(step=step), cvs)
+        configs.append(parent_cfg)
+        await saver.aput_writes(parent_cfg, [("a", step), ("b", step)], str(uuid4()))
+
+    head = configs[-1]
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["a", "b"])
+    a_writes = [w[2] for w in result["a"]["writes"]]
+    b_writes = [w[2] for w in result["b"]["writes"]]
+    assert a_writes == [1, 2, 3], f"Expected a writes [1,2,3], got {a_writes}"
+    assert b_writes == [3], f"Expected b writes [3], got {b_writes}"
+
+
+async def test_history_empty_channels_returns_empty(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Empty channels list returns empty mapping."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    configs = await build_delta_chain(
+        saver, thread_id=tid, channel="ch", snapshots_at_steps=[0], total_steps=3
+    )
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=configs[-1], channels=[])
+    assert result == {}
+
+
+async def test_history_walk_to_root_no_seed(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Walk reaches root without finding seed — no 'seed' key in result."""
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    configs = await build_delta_chain(
+        saver,
+        thread_id=tid,
+        channel="ch",
+        snapshots_at_steps=[],
+        total_steps=4,
+    )
+    head = configs[-1]
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
+    assert "seed" not in result["ch"], f"Expected no seed, got {result['ch']}"
+
+
+async def test_history_migration_plain_value_as_seed(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+) -> None:
+    """Pre-delta plain value in channel_values acts as seed (migration case).
+
+    When a thread was originally using a regular channel (BinaryOperatorAggregate)
+    and later switches to DeltaChannel, the old checkpoint has a plain value in
+    channel_values[ch] (not a _DeltaSnapshot). The walk should treat it as the
+    seed and terminate there.
+    """
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.base import Checkpoint
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
+
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.test_utils import generate_metadata
+
+    tid = str(uuid4())
+    configs: list = []
+    parent_cfg = None
+
+    for step in range(4):
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": tid, "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
+        if parent_cfg:
+            config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"] = parent_cfg["configurable"][
+                "checkpoint_id"
+            ]
+        cv: dict = {}
+        cvs: dict = {}
+        # Step 1: plain value (migration case — old checkpoint before delta)
+        if step == 1:
+            cv["ch"] = [10, 20, 30]
+            cvs["ch"] = step + 1
+        cp = Checkpoint(
+            v=1,
+            id=str(uuid6(clock_seq=-1)),
+            ts="",
+            channel_values=cv,
+            channel_versions=cvs,
+            versions_seen={},
+            updated_channels=None,
+        )
+        parent_cfg = await saver.aput(config, cp, generate_metadata(step=step), cvs)
+        configs.append(parent_cfg)
+        if step != 1:
+            await saver.aput_writes(parent_cfg, [("ch", step)], str(uuid4()))
+
+    head = configs[-1]
+    result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=head, channels=["ch"])
+    # Seed should be the plain value from step 1
+    assert "seed" in result["ch"], "Expected seed from migration plain value at step 1"
+    seed = result["ch"]["seed"]
+    assert seed == [10, 20, 30], f"Expected plain value [10,20,30], got {seed}"
+    # Writes should be from step 2 only (between seed at step 1 and head's parent step 2)
+    writes = result["ch"]["writes"]
+    values = [w[2] for w in writes]
+    assert values == [2], f"Expected [2], got {values}"
+
+
+ALL_DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY_TESTS = [
+    test_history_returns_writes_oldest_first,
+    test_history_seed_is_nearest_snapshot,
+    test_history_excludes_target_pending_writes,
+    test_history_multi_channel,
+    test_history_empty_channels_returns_empty,
+    test_history_walk_to_root_no_seed,
+    test_history_migration_plain_value_as_seed,
+]
+
+
+async def run_delta_channel_history_tests(
+    saver: BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    on_test_result: Callable[[str, str, bool, str | None], None] | None = None,
+) -> tuple[int, int, list[str]]:
+    """Run all delta_channel_history tests. Returns (passed, failed, failure_names)."""
+    passed = 0
+    failed = 0
+    failures: list[str] = []
+    for test_fn in ALL_DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY_TESTS:
+        try:
+            await test_fn(saver)
+            passed += 1
+            if on_test_result:
+                on_test_result("delta_channel_history", test_fn.__name__, True, None)
+        except Exception:
+            failed += 1
+            msg = f"{test_fn.__name__}: {traceback.format_exc()}"
+            failures.append(msg)
+            if on_test_result:
+                on_test_result(
+                    "delta_channel_history",
+                    test_fn.__name__,
+                    False,
+                    traceback.format_exc(),
+                )
+    return passed, failed, failures

libs/checkpoint-conformance/langgraph/checkpoint/conformance/validate.py

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delete_for_runs import (
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delete_thread import (
     run_delete_thread_tests,
 )
+from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_delta_channel_history import (
+    run_delta_channel_history_tests,
+)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_get_tuple import run_get_tuple_tests
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_list import run_list_tests
 from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.spec.test_prune import run_prune_tests
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@ _RUNNERS = {
     Capability.DELETE_FOR_RUNS: run_delete_for_runs_tests,
     Capability.COPY_THREAD: run_copy_thread_tests,
     Capability.PRUNE: run_prune_tests,
+    Capability.DELTA_CHANNEL_HISTORY: run_delta_channel_history_tests,
 }
 
 

libs/checkpoint-conformance/pyproject.toml

@@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ asyncio_mode = "auto"
 # The extended methods (acopy_thread, adelete_for_runs, aprune) are checked
 # at runtime via capability detection and may not exist on the installed
 # base class. Dict literal inference is also overly strict for RunnableConfig.
+# Delta-channel tests import from `langgraph` (not a declared dep of this
+# package — at test time it is installed alongside); private `_DeltaSnapshot`
+# imports are intentional (beta surface).
 unresolved-attribute = "ignore"
+unresolved-import = "ignore"
 invalid-argument-type = "ignore"
 invalid-return-type = "ignore"
 
@@ -58,6 +62,9 @@ lint.select = [
 lint.ignore = ["E501", "B008"]
 target-version = "py310"
 
+[tool.uv.sources]
+langgraph-checkpoint = {path = "../checkpoint", editable = true}
+
 [[tool.uv.index]]
 name = "testpypi"
 url = "https://test.pypi.org/simple/"

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/__init__.py

@@ -2,23 +2,23 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import threading
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from typing import Any, cast
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     WRITES_IDX_MAP,
     ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
-    _ChannelWritesHistory,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     get_checkpoint_id,
     get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 from psycopg import Capabilities, Connection, Cursor, Pipeline
 from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
 from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
@@ -26,9 +26,11 @@ from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _internal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import (
-    SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL,
+    _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE,
     BasePostgresSaver,
-    _DeltaCombinedRow,
+    _build_delta_stage1_sql,
+    _build_delta_stage2_sql,
+    _DeltaStage2Row,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import ShallowPostgresSaver
 
@@ -308,7 +310,10 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
         # others are stored in blobs table
         blob_values = {}
         for k, v in checkpoint["channel_values"].items():
-            if v is None or isinstance(v, (str, int, float, bool)):
+            if isinstance(v, _DeltaSnapshot):
+                blob_values[k] = copy["channel_values"].pop(k)
+                copy["channel_values"][k] = True
+            elif v is None or isinstance(v, (str, int, float, bool)):
                 pass
             else:
                 blob_values[k] = copy["channel_values"].pop(k)
@@ -436,46 +441,112 @@ class PostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
                     yield cur
 
-    def _get_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver._get_channel_writes_history`.
+    def get_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history`.
 
-        One combined UNION ALL query (`SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL`) fetches rows
-        from `checkpoints`, `checkpoint_writes`, and `checkpoint_blobs` in a
-        single roundtrip; the ancestor walk runs in Python.
+        Two-stage query, both stages cover ALL requested channels:
+
+        * Stage 1 (paged): dynamic SELECT over `checkpoints` with K parallel
+          JSONB key lookups (one column pair per channel) — no subquery, no
+          aggregation. Pages newest-first by `checkpoint_id` with a cursor;
+          page size is `_DELTA_PAGE_SIZE`. Stops paging when every channel
+          has found its seed or the chain is exhausted.
+
+        * Stage 2 (per-channel UNION ALL): one branch per channel reading
+          `checkpoint_writes` filtered to that channel's specific
+          `chain_cids`, plus one branch per channel that has a seed reading
+          `checkpoint_blobs` for that channel + version. Avoids the
+          over-fetch of a single `channel = ANY(channels)` filter when
+          channels have different chain depths.
         """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        channels = list(channels)
         thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
         checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
         checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
         if checkpoint_id is None:
-            # Caller didn't specify a target — resolve to the latest
-            # checkpoint on the thread. `get_tuple` without `checkpoint_id`
-            # returns the newest; its config carries the resolved id.
             target = self.get_tuple(config)
             if target is None:
-                return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=[])
+                return {ch: {"writes": []} for ch in channels}
             checkpoint_id = target.config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]
+
+        # Stage 1: paged K-JSONB-lookup scan, walking the parent chain in
+        # Python after each page. Stops as soon as every channel has its seed.
+        stage1_sql = _build_delta_stage1_sql(channels, paged=True)
+        parent_of: dict[str, str | None] = {}
+        ver_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, str | None]] = [{} for _ in channels]
+        hs_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, bool]] = [{} for _ in channels]
+        chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]] = {ch: [] for ch in channels}
+        seed_ver_by_ch: dict[str, str | None] = {ch: None for ch in channels}
+        walk_cursor_by_ch: dict[str, str | None] = {}
+        seeded: set[str] = set()
+        cursor: str | None = None
+
         with self._cursor() as cur:
-            cur.execute(
-                SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL,
-                (
-                    channel,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    channel,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    channel,
-                ),
-            )
-            rows = cur.fetchall()
-        return self._build_delta_channel_writes_history(
-            channel=channel,
-            target_id=checkpoint_id,
-            rows=cast("list[_DeltaCombinedRow]", rows),
+            while True:
+                stage1_params: list[Any] = []
+                for ch in channels:
+                    stage1_params.extend([ch, ch])
+                stage1_params.extend(
+                    [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, cursor, cursor, _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE]
+                )
+                cur.execute(stage1_sql, stage1_params)
+                page = cur.fetchall()
+                if not page:
+                    break
+                oldest = self._ingest_stage1_page(
+                    cast("list[Mapping[str, Any]]", page),
+                    channels,
+                    parent_of,
+                    ver_by_i_by_cid,
+                    hs_by_i_by_cid,
+                )
+                self._try_advance_walks(
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    channels,
+                    parent_of,
+                    ver_by_i_by_cid,
+                    hs_by_i_by_cid,
+                    chain_by_ch,
+                    seed_ver_by_ch,
+                    walk_cursor_by_ch,
+                    seeded,
+                )
+                # Stop if every channel is seeded, or the page was short
+                # (chain exhausted — no more rows to fetch).
+                if len(seeded) == len(channels) or len(page) < _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE:
+                    break
+                cursor = oldest
+
+        # Stage 2: per-channel UNION ALL — one writes branch per channel
+        # with non-empty chain, plus one blob branch per seeded channel.
+        channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
+        channels_with_seed = [ch for ch in channels if seed_ver_by_ch[ch] is not None]
+        stage2_sql = _build_delta_stage2_sql(
+            channels_with_chain=channels_with_chain,
+            channels_with_seed=channels_with_seed,
+        )
+
+        if stage2_sql:
+            stage2_params: list[Any] = []
+            for ch in channels_with_chain:
+                stage2_params.extend([thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, chain_by_ch[ch]])
+            for ch in channels_with_seed:
+                stage2_params.extend([thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, seed_ver_by_ch[ch]])
+            with self._cursor() as cur:
+                cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
+                stage2_rows = cur.fetchall()
+        else:
+            stage2_rows = []
+
+        return self._build_delta_channels_writes_history(
+            channels=channels,
+            chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+            seed_ver_by_ch=seed_ver_by_ch,
+            stage2_rows=cast("list[_DeltaStage2Row]", stage2_rows),
         )
 
     def _load_checkpoint_tuple(self, value: DictRow) -> CheckpointTuple:

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/aio.py

@@ -2,23 +2,23 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from typing import Any, cast
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     WRITES_IDX_MAP,
     ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
-    _ChannelWritesHistory,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     get_checkpoint_id,
     get_serializable_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 from psycopg import AsyncConnection, AsyncCursor, AsyncPipeline, Capabilities
 from psycopg.rows import DictRow, dict_row
 from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
@@ -26,9 +26,11 @@ from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import _ainternal
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.base import (
-    SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL,
+    _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE,
     BasePostgresSaver,
-    _DeltaCombinedRow,
+    _build_delta_stage1_sql,
+    _build_delta_stage2_sql,
+    _DeltaStage2Row,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.shallow import AsyncShallowPostgresSaver
 
@@ -267,7 +269,10 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
         # others are stored in blobs table
         blob_values = {}
         for k, v in checkpoint["channel_values"].items():
-            if v is None or isinstance(v, (str, int, float, bool)):
+            if isinstance(v, _DeltaSnapshot):
+                blob_values[k] = copy["channel_values"].pop(k)
+                copy["channel_values"][k] = True
+            elif v is None or isinstance(v, (str, int, float, bool)):
                 pass
             else:
                 blob_values[k] = copy["channel_values"].pop(k)
@@ -397,44 +402,95 @@ class AsyncPostgresSaver(BasePostgresSaver):
                 async with conn.cursor(binary=True, row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
                     yield cur
 
-    async def _aget_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver._aget_channel_writes_history`.
+    async def aget_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver.aget_delta_channel_history`.
 
-        One combined UNION ALL query (`SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL`) fetches rows
-        from `checkpoints`, `checkpoint_writes`, and `checkpoint_blobs` in a
-        single roundtrip; rows are assembled by the shared pure helper on
-        `BasePostgresSaver`.
+        See `PostgresSaver.get_delta_channel_history` for design notes; this is
+        the async equivalent with internal stage-1 paging and per-channel
+        UNION ALL stage-2.
         """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        channels = list(channels)
         thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
         checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
         checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
         if checkpoint_id is None:
             target = await self.aget_tuple(config)
             if target is None:
-                return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=[])
+                return {ch: {"writes": []} for ch in channels}
             checkpoint_id = target.config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]
+
+        stage1_sql = _build_delta_stage1_sql(channels, paged=True)
+        parent_of: dict[str, str | None] = {}
+        ver_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, str | None]] = [{} for _ in channels]
+        hs_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, bool]] = [{} for _ in channels]
+        chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]] = {ch: [] for ch in channels}
+        seed_ver_by_ch: dict[str, str | None] = {ch: None for ch in channels}
+        walk_cursor_by_ch: dict[str, str | None] = {}
+        seeded: set[str] = set()
+        cursor: str | None = None
+
         async with self._cursor() as cur:
-            await cur.execute(
-                SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL,
-                (
-                    channel,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    channel,
-                    thread_id,
-                    checkpoint_ns,
-                    channel,
-                ),
-            )
-            rows = await cur.fetchall()
-        return self._build_delta_channel_writes_history(
-            channel=channel,
-            target_id=checkpoint_id,
-            rows=cast("list[_DeltaCombinedRow]", rows),
+            while True:
+                stage1_params: list[Any] = []
+                for ch in channels:
+                    stage1_params.extend([ch, ch])
+                stage1_params.extend(
+                    [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, cursor, cursor, _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE]
+                )
+                await cur.execute(stage1_sql, stage1_params)
+                page = await cur.fetchall()
+                if not page:
+                    break
+                oldest = self._ingest_stage1_page(
+                    cast("list[Mapping[str, Any]]", page),
+                    channels,
+                    parent_of,
+                    ver_by_i_by_cid,
+                    hs_by_i_by_cid,
+                )
+                self._try_advance_walks(
+                    checkpoint_id,
+                    channels,
+                    parent_of,
+                    ver_by_i_by_cid,
+                    hs_by_i_by_cid,
+                    chain_by_ch,
+                    seed_ver_by_ch,
+                    walk_cursor_by_ch,
+                    seeded,
+                )
+                if len(seeded) == len(channels) or len(page) < _DELTA_PAGE_SIZE:
+                    break
+                cursor = oldest
+
+        channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
+        channels_with_seed = [ch for ch in channels if seed_ver_by_ch[ch] is not None]
+        stage2_sql = _build_delta_stage2_sql(
+            channels_with_chain=channels_with_chain,
+            channels_with_seed=channels_with_seed,
+        )
+
+        if stage2_sql:
+            stage2_params: list[Any] = []
+            for ch in channels_with_chain:
+                stage2_params.extend([thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, chain_by_ch[ch]])
+            for ch in channels_with_seed:
+                stage2_params.extend([thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, seed_ver_by_ch[ch]])
+            async with self._cursor() as cur:
+                await cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
+                stage2_rows = await cur.fetchall()
+        else:
+            stage2_rows = []
+
+        return self._build_delta_channels_writes_history(
+            channels=channels,
+            chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+            seed_ver_by_ch=seed_ver_by_ch,
+            stage2_rows=cast("list[_DeltaStage2Row]", stage2_rows),
         )
 
     async def _load_checkpoint_tuple(self, value: DictRow) -> CheckpointTuple:

libs/checkpoint-postgres/langgraph/checkpoint/postgres/base.py

@@ -2,23 +2,26 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import random
 import warnings
-from collections.abc import Sequence
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from importlib.metadata import version as get_version
 from typing import Any, TypedDict, cast
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     WRITES_IDX_MAP,
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
     ChannelVersions,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     PendingWrite,
-    _ChannelWritesHistory,
     get_checkpoint_id,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import TASKS
 from psycopg.types.json import Jsonb
 
+# Page size for stage-1 paged scan in `get_delta_channel_history`. Internal
+# constant — exposing this as a kwarg is left as a follow-up.
+_DELTA_PAGE_SIZE = 1024
+
 MetadataInput = dict[str, Any] | None
 
 try:
@@ -156,60 +159,139 @@ INSERT_CHECKPOINT_WRITES_SQL = """
 """
 
 
-class _DeltaCombinedRow(TypedDict, total=False):
-    """One row from `SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL` (a UNION ALL of three tables).
+class _DeltaStage2Row(TypedDict, total=False):
+    """One row from `_build_delta_stage2_sql` (a UNION ALL of writes and blobs)."""
 
-    Every row carries `_kind` ("p" / "w" / "b") plus whichever columns are
-    relevant for that kind; irrelevant columns are NULL and typed as `None`.
-    """
-
-    _kind: str  # always present: "p", "w", or "b"
-    # checkpoint row ("p")
-    checkpoint_id: str | None
-    parent_checkpoint_id: str | None
-    ver: str | None
-    # write / blob rows ("w", "b")
+    _kind: str  # "w" or "b"
+    checkpoint_id: str | None  # "w" rows only
+    channel: str | None  # set on both "w" and "b" rows
     type: str | None
     blob: bytes | None
-    # write row only ("w")
-    task_id: str | None
-    idx: int | None
-    # blob row only ("b")
-    version: str | None
+    task_id: str | None  # "w" rows only
+    idx: int | None  # "w" rows only
+    version: str | None  # "b" rows only
 
 
-# DeltaChannel reconstruction: one UNION ALL query fetches checkpoints,
-# writes, and blobs for `channel` in one roundtrip; the ancestor walk runs
-# in Python in `_build_delta_channel_writes_history`.
+# Multi-channel two-stage DeltaChannel reconstruction.
 #
-# Parameter order: (channel, thread_id, checkpoint_ns,
-#                   thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel,
-#                   thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel)
-SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL = """
-    SELECT 'p'::text       AS _kind,
-           checkpoint_id,
-           parent_checkpoint_id,
-           checkpoint -> 'channel_versions' ->> %s AS ver,
-           NULL::text       AS type,
-           NULL::bytea      AS blob,
-           NULL::text       AS task_id,
-           NULL::int        AS idx,
-           NULL::text       AS version
-    FROM checkpoints
-    WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s
-    UNION ALL
-    SELECT 'w',
-           checkpoint_id, NULL, NULL,
-           type, blob, task_id, idx, NULL
-    FROM checkpoint_writes
-    WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s
-    UNION ALL
-    SELECT 'b',
-           NULL, NULL, NULL,
-           type, blob, NULL, NULL, version
-    FROM checkpoint_blobs
-    WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s
-"""
+# Stage 1 scans checkpoint metadata (no blob bytes) and emits one row per
+# checkpoint with K parallel JSONB key lookups (one column pair per
+# requested delta channel: ver_i / hs_i).  No subqueries, no aggregation.
+# Python walks the parent chain once across all channels.
+#
+# Stage 2 fetches all writes and the seed blobs for ALL channels in a
+# single roundtrip via `channel = ANY(%s)` and chain/seed-version
+# filtering.
+#
+# Empirical comparison vs an alternative "ship full channel_versions /
+# channel_values JSONB and let Python pick" form (1000 checkpoints,
+# 8 total channels in graph, 3 delta channels requested):
+#
+#   Postgres execution:    A=0.24ms vs B=0.38ms   (both negligible)
+#   End-to-end latency:    A=6.83ms vs B=2.28ms   (B is 3.0x faster)
+#   Wire payload:          A=836KB  vs B=330KB    (61% smaller)
+#   Buffer hits:           identical (167 blocks)
+#
+# B (this dynamic-columns design) wins because it avoids JSONB
+# serialization on the wire and JSONB-to-dict deserialization in
+# psycopg.  Even at K=8 (8 delta channels = 16 dynamic columns), B
+# still beats A end-to-end (4.2ms vs 6.8ms).
+
+
+def _build_delta_stage1_sql(channels: Sequence[str], *, paged: bool) -> str:
+    """Build stage 1 SQL with 2K parallel JSONB key lookups.
+
+    For channels=["messages", "files"] (with `paged=True`) the result is::
+
+        SELECT checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id,
+               checkpoint -> 'channel_versions' ->> %s AS ver_0,
+               (checkpoint -> 'channel_values' -> %s) IS NOT NULL AS hs_0,
+               checkpoint -> 'channel_versions' ->> %s AS ver_1,
+               (checkpoint -> 'channel_values' -> %s) IS NOT NULL AS hs_1
+        FROM checkpoints
+        WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s
+          AND (%s::text IS NULL OR checkpoint_id < %s)
+        ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC
+        LIMIT %s
+
+    Channel names are passed as `%s` parameters (safe from SQL injection).
+    Only the column aliases `ver_i` / `hs_i` are interpolated into the
+    SQL string (i is bounded by len(channels) and uses safe identifiers).
+
+    Caller must extend params with `[ch_0, ch_0, ch_1, ch_1, ...,
+    thread_id, ns, cursor, cursor, page_size]` when `paged=True`.
+
+    When `paged=False`, the WHERE has no cursor predicate and there's no
+    LIMIT/ORDER BY — kept as a non-public helper for tests/diagnostics.
+    """
+    cols = []
+    for i in range(len(channels)):
+        cols.append(
+            f"checkpoint -> 'channel_versions' ->> %s AS ver_{i}, "
+            f"(checkpoint -> 'channel_values' -> %s) IS NOT NULL AS hs_{i}"
+        )
+    sql = (
+        "SELECT checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, "
+        + ", ".join(cols)
+        + " FROM checkpoints WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s"
+    )
+    if paged:
+        sql += (
+            " AND (%s::text IS NULL OR checkpoint_id < %s)"
+            " ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC LIMIT %s"
+        )
+    return sql
+
+
+def _build_delta_stage2_sql(
+    *,
+    channels_with_chain: Sequence[str],
+    channels_with_seed: Sequence[str],
+) -> str:
+    """Build stage 2 SQL as a per-channel UNION ALL.
+
+    For each channel with a non-empty chain, emit one branch reading
+    `checkpoint_writes` for that specific channel + chain_cids. For each
+    channel with a seed_version, emit one branch reading `checkpoint_blobs`
+    for that channel + version. This avoids the over-fetch of the prior
+    `channel = ANY(channels) AND checkpoint_id = ANY(union)` form when
+    channels have different chain depths.
+
+    The caller must pass parameters in matching order:
+
+        for ch in channels_with_chain:
+            params += [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, chain_cids[ch]]
+        for ch in channels_with_seed:
+            params += [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, seed_version[ch]]
+
+    Returns an empty SQL string if both channel lists are empty (caller
+    must skip executing in that case).
+    """
+    branches: list[str] = []
+    for _ in channels_with_chain:
+        branches.append(
+            "SELECT 'w'::text AS _kind, "
+            "checkpoint_id, channel, "
+            "type, blob, task_id, idx, NULL::text AS version "
+            "FROM checkpoint_writes "
+            "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s "
+            "AND checkpoint_id = ANY(%s)"
+        )
+    for _ in channels_with_seed:
+        branches.append(
+            "SELECT 'b'::text AS _kind, NULL::text AS checkpoint_id, channel, "
+            "type, blob, NULL::text AS task_id, NULL::int AS idx, version "
+            "FROM checkpoint_blobs "
+            "WHERE thread_id = %s AND checkpoint_ns = %s AND channel = %s "
+            "AND version = %s"
+        )
+    return " UNION ALL ".join(branches)
+
+
+# Stage 1 rows are dynamic-shape dicts: {checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id,
+# ver_0, hs_0, ver_1, hs_1, ...}.  Walking is parameterized by the channel
+# list to map indices back to channel names — no static TypedDict here.
+# `dict[str, Any]` is the practical signature.
 
 
 class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
@@ -254,82 +336,145 @@ class BasePostgresSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             if t.decode() != "empty"
         }
 
-    def _build_delta_channel_writes_history(
+    @staticmethod
+    def _ingest_stage1_page(
+        stage1_rows: Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]],
+        channels: Sequence[str],
+        parent_of: dict[str, str | None],
+        ver_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, str | None]],
+        hs_by_i_by_cid: list[dict[str, bool]],
+    ) -> str | None:
+        """Fold one stage-1 page into the running walk-state mappings.
+
+        Returns the oldest checkpoint_id seen on this page (smallest, since
+        pages come back DESC). Caller uses it as the cursor for the next
+        page (`AND checkpoint_id < cursor`).
+        """
+        oldest: str | None = None
+        for r in stage1_rows:
+            cid = cast(str, r["checkpoint_id"])
+            parent_of[cid] = cast("str | None", r["parent_checkpoint_id"])
+            for i in range(len(channels)):
+                ver_by_i_by_cid[i][cid] = cast("str | None", r.get(f"ver_{i}"))
+                hs_by_i_by_cid[i][cid] = bool(r.get(f"hs_{i}"))
+            # Rows are DESC; the last one is the smallest cid in the page.
+            oldest = cid
+        return oldest
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _try_advance_walks(
+        target_id: str,
+        channels: Sequence[str],
+        parent_of: Mapping[str, str | None],
+        ver_by_i_by_cid: Sequence[Mapping[str, str | None]],
+        hs_by_i_by_cid: Sequence[Mapping[str, bool]],
+        chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]],
+        seed_ver_by_ch: dict[str, str | None],
+        walk_cursor_by_ch: dict[str, str | None],
+        seeded: set[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Advance each not-yet-seeded channel's walk as far as possible.
+
+        Uses the partial `parent_of` map accumulated so far. A walk stops
+        either because:
+          (a) it found a snapshot for its channel (channel becomes seeded),
+          (b) it reached a real root (parent_of[cid] is None — fully
+              materialized at this point), or
+          (c) the next ancestor cid isn't in `parent_of` yet (waiting for
+              a later page; the cursor stays put).
+
+        Mutates `chain_by_ch`, `seed_ver_by_ch`, `walk_cursor_by_ch`, and
+        `seeded` in place.
+        """
+        for i, ch in enumerate(channels):
+            if ch in seeded:
+                continue
+            # First-time entry: cursor starts at the target's parent.
+            if ch not in walk_cursor_by_ch:
+                walk_cursor_by_ch[ch] = parent_of.get(target_id)
+            cur_cid = walk_cursor_by_ch[ch]
+            ch_chain = chain_by_ch[ch]
+            hs_i = hs_by_i_by_cid[i]
+            ver_i = ver_by_i_by_cid[i]
+            while cur_cid is not None:
+                if cur_cid not in parent_of:
+                    # Need more pages to continue this walk.
+                    break
+                ch_chain.append(cur_cid)
+                if hs_i.get(cur_cid, False):
+                    seed_ver_by_ch[ch] = ver_i.get(cur_cid)
+                    seeded.add(ch)
+                    cur_cid = None
+                    break
+                cur_cid = parent_of[cur_cid]
+            walk_cursor_by_ch[ch] = cur_cid
+
+    def _build_delta_channels_writes_history(
         self,
         *,
-        channel: str,
-        target_id: str,
-        rows: Sequence[_DeltaCombinedRow],
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        """Reconstruct one delta channel's history from the combined UNION ALL rows.
+        channels: Sequence[str],
+        chain_by_ch: Mapping[str, list[str]],
+        seed_ver_by_ch: Mapping[str, str | None],
+        stage2_rows: Sequence[_DeltaStage2Row],
+    ) -> dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Demux stage 2 rows per channel; produce per-channel histories.
 
-        Pure data transform shared by sync (`PostgresSaver`) and async
-        (`AsyncPostgresSaver`); both paths run `SELECT_DELTA_COMBINED_SQL`
-        and feed the tagged rows here.
-
-        Walk is newest → oldest from the target's parent. A non-sentinel
-        blob in `checkpoint_blobs` (a pre-delta snapshot) terminates the
-        walk and is returned as the seed so replay starts from it.
-
-        Writes stored at `target_id` itself are pending writes for the next
-        step and are excluded — the walk begins at the target's parent.
+        stage2_rows carry `channel` on every row. We build per-channel
+        `writes_by_cid` and per-channel `seed_blob` dicts, then assemble
+        a `DeltaChannelHistory` per requested channel. The `seed` key is omitted
+        when the walk reached root with no snapshot found, or when the
+        seed blob is sentinel "empty" — in both cases the consumer treats
+        absence as "start empty".
         """
-        parent_of: dict[str, str | None] = {}
-        ver_of: dict[str, str | None] = {}
-        writes_by_cid: dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int]]] = {}
-        blob_by_ver: dict[str, tuple[str, bytes]] = {}
+        # writes_by_ch_by_cid[channel][cid] = list of (type, blob, task_id, idx)
+        writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int]]]] = {
+            ch: {} for ch in channels
+        }
+        # seed_blob_by_ver[(channel, version)] = (type, blob)
+        seed_blob_by_ver: dict[tuple[str, str], tuple[str, bytes]] = {}
 
-        for r in rows:
+        for r in stage2_rows:
+            ch = cast(str, r["channel"])
             kind = r["_kind"]
-            if kind == "p":
+            if kind == "w":
                 cid = cast(str, r["checkpoint_id"])
-                parent_of[cid] = r["parent_checkpoint_id"]
-                ver_of[cid] = r["ver"]
-            elif kind == "w":
-                cid = cast(str, r["checkpoint_id"])
-                writes_by_cid.setdefault(cid, []).append(
+                writes_by_ch_by_cid.setdefault(ch, {}).setdefault(cid, []).append(
                     cast(
                         "tuple[str, bytes, str, int]",
                         (r["type"], r["blob"], r["task_id"], r["idx"]),
                     )
                 )
             else:  # kind == "b"
-                blob_by_ver[cast(str, r["version"])] = cast(
+                ver = cast(str, r["version"])
+                seed_blob_by_ver[(ch, ver)] = cast(
                     "tuple[str, bytes]", (r["type"], r["blob"])
                 )
 
-        # newest write first per ancestor (task_id DESC, idx DESC)
-        for ws in writes_by_cid.values():
-            ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[2], w[3]), reverse=True)
+        # Sort writes per (channel, cid) newest-first by (task_id, idx)
+        for cid_map in writes_by_ch_by_cid.values():
+            for ws in cid_map.values():
+                ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[2], w[3]), reverse=True)
 
-        ancestors: list[str] = []
-        cur_cid: str | None = parent_of.get(target_id)
-        while cur_cid is not None:
-            ancestors.append(cur_cid)
-            cur_cid = parent_of.get(cur_cid)
-        if not ancestors:
-            return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=[])
+        result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
+        for ch in channels:
+            chain_cids = chain_by_ch.get(ch, [])
+            seed_version = seed_ver_by_ch.get(ch)
 
-        collected: list[PendingWrite] = []  # newest first; reversed at the end
-        for cid in ancestors:
-            # Collect writes first — they encode the transition FROM this
-            # ancestor's state to its child's and must be included even if
-            # this ancestor is also the seed checkpoint.
-            for type_tag, write_blob, task_id, _idx in writes_by_cid.get(cid, []):
-                val = self.serde.loads_typed((type_tag, write_blob))
-                collected.append((task_id, channel, val))
-            # Then check seed terminator.
-            ver = ver_of.get(cid)
-            if ver is not None:
-                seed_blob = blob_by_ver.get(ver)
-                if seed_blob is not None and seed_blob[0] != "empty":
-                    blob_value = self.serde.loads_typed(seed_blob)
-                    if blob_value is not DELTA_SENTINEL:
-                        collected.reverse()
-                        return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=blob_value, writes=collected)
+            collected: list[PendingWrite] = []
+            cid_writes = writes_by_ch_by_cid.get(ch, {})
+            for cid in chain_cids:
+                for type_tag, write_blob, task_id, _idx in cid_writes.get(cid, []):
+                    val = self.serde.loads_typed((type_tag, write_blob))
+                    collected.append((task_id, ch, val))
+            collected.reverse()
 
-        collected.reverse()  # oldest → newest
-        return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=collected)
+            entry: DeltaChannelHistory = {"writes": collected}
+            if seed_version is not None:
+                blob = seed_blob_by_ver.get((ch, seed_version))
+                if blob is not None and blob[0] != "empty":
+                    entry["seed"] = self.serde.loads_typed(blob)
+            result[ch] = entry
+        return result
 
     def _dump_blobs(
         self,

libs/checkpoint-postgres/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-postgres"
-version = "3.1.0a1"
+version = "3.1.0"
 description = "Library with a Postgres implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
 authors = []
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
 dependencies = [
-  "langgraph-checkpoint>=4.1.0a1,<5.0.0",
+  "langgraph-checkpoint>=4.1.0,<5.0.0",
   "orjson>=3.11.5",
   "psycopg>=3.2.0",
   "psycopg-pool>=3.2.0",

libs/checkpoint-postgres/uv.lock

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 version = 1
 revision = 3
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
+resolution-markers = [
+    "python_full_version >= '3.15'",
+    "python_full_version < '3.15'",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "annotated-types"
@@ -201,11 +205,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "idna"
-version = "3.11"
+version = "3.15"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6f/6d/0703ccc57f3a7233505399edb88de3cbd678da106337b9fcde432b65ed60/idna-3.11.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:795dafcc9c04ed0c1fb032c2aa73654d8e8c5023a7df64a53f39190ada629902", size = 194582, upload-time = "2025-10-12T14:55:20.501Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/82/77/7b3966d0b9d1d31a36ddf1746926a11dface89a83409bf1483f0237aa758/idna-3.15.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ca962446ea538f7092a95e057da437618e886f4d349216d2b1e294abfdb65fdc", size = 199245, upload-time = "2026-05-12T22:45:57.011Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0e/61/66938bbb5fc52dbdf84594873d5b51fb1f7c7794e9c0f5bd885f30bc507b/idna-3.11-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:771a87f49d9defaf64091e6e6fe9c18d4833f140bd19464795bc32d966ca37ea", size = 71008, upload-time = "2025-10-12T14:55:18.883Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d2/23/408243171aa9aaba178d3e2559159c24c1171a641aa83b67bdd3394ead8e/idna-3.15-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:048adeaf8c2d788c40fee287673ccaa74c24ffd8dcf09ffa555a2fbb59f10ac8", size = 72340, upload-time = "2026-05-12T22:45:55.733Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -240,10 +244,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langchain-core"
-version = "1.2.28"
+version = "1.3.3"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "jsonpatch" },
+    { name = "langchain-protocol" },
     { name = "langsmith" },
     { name = "packaging" },
     { name = "pydantic" },
@@ -252,14 +257,26 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "typing-extensions" },
     { name = "uuid-utils" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f8/a4/317a1a3ac1df33a64adb3670bf88bbe3b3d5baa274db6863a979db472897/langchain_core-1.2.28.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:271a3d8bd618f795fdeba112b0753980457fc90537c46a0c11998516a74dc2cb", size = 846119, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:34.867Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d3/ae/8b74458fc3850ec3d150eb9f45e857db129dafa801fb5cf173dfc9f8bbf3/langchain_core-1.3.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:fa510a5db8efdc0c6ff41c0939fb5c00a0183c11f6b84233e892e3227ff69182", size = 915041, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:36.612Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/92/32f785f077c7e898da97064f113c73fbd9ad55d1e2169cf3a391b183dedb/langchain_core-1.2.28-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:80764232581eaf8057bcefa71dbf8adc1f6a28d257ebd8b95ba9b8b452e8c6ac", size = 508727, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:32.823Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/01/4771b7ab2af1d1aba5b710bd8f13d9225c609425214b357590a17b01be77/langchain_core-1.3.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:18aae8506f37da7f74398492279a7d6efcee4f8e23c4c41c7af080eeb7ef7bd1", size = 543857, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:34.52Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "langchain-protocol"
+version = "0.0.15"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "typing-extensions" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/24/9777489d6fbbee64af0c8f96d4f840239c408cf694f3394672807dafc490/langchain_protocol-0.0.15.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9ab2d11ee73944754f10e037e717098d3a6796f0e58afa9cadda6154e7655ade", size = 5862, upload-time = "2026-05-01T22:30:04.748Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/7a/9c97a7b9cbe4c5dc6a44cdb1545450c28f0c8ce89b9c1f0ee7fbad896263/langchain_protocol-0.0.15-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:461eb794358f83d5e42635a5797799ffec7b4702314e34edf73ac21e75d3ef79", size = 6982, upload-time = "2026-05-01T22:30:03.877Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint"
-version = "4.1.0a1"
+version = "4.1.1"
 source = { editable = "../checkpoint" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "langchain-core" },
@@ -307,7 +324,7 @@ test = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-postgres"
-version = "3.1.0a1"
+version = "3.1.0"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "langgraph-checkpoint" },
@@ -382,7 +399,7 @@ test = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langsmith"
-version = "0.7.31"
+version = "0.8.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "httpx" },
@@ -395,9 +412,9 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "xxhash" },
     { name = "zstandard" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e6/11/696019490992db5c87774dc20515529ef42a01e1d770fb754ed6d9b12fb0/langsmith-0.7.31.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:331ee4f7c26bb5be4022b9859b7d7b122cbf8c9d01d9f530114c1914b0349ffb", size = 1178480, upload-time = "2026-04-14T17:55:41.242Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/64/95f1f013531395f4e8ed73caeee780f65c7c58fe028cb543f8937b45611b/langsmith-0.8.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:59fe5b2a56bbbe14a08aa76691f84b49e8675dd21e11b57d80c6db8c08bac2e3", size = 4432996, upload-time = "2026-04-30T22:13:07.341Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/a1/a013cf458c301cda86a213dd153ce0a01c93f1ab5833f951e6a44c9763ce/langsmith-0.7.31-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0291d49203f6e80dda011af1afda61eb0595a4d697adb684590a8805e1d61fb6", size = 373276, upload-time = "2026-04-14T17:55:39.677Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f3/e1/a4be2e696c9473bb53298df398237da5674704d781d4b748ed35aeef592a/langsmith-0.8.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:12cc4bc5622b835a6d841964d6034df3617bdb912dae0c1381fd0a68a9b3a3ef", size = 393268, upload-time = "2026-04-30T22:13:05.56Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -487,7 +504,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mypy"
-version = "1.20.0"
+version = "1.20.2"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "librt", marker = "platform_python_implementation != 'PyPy'" },
@@ -496,51 +513,51 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "tomli", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
     { name = "typing-extensions" },
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@@ -1217,11 +1234,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
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+version = "2.7.0"
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+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/53/0c/06f8b233b8fd13b9e5ee11424ef85419ba0d8ba0b3138bf360be2ff56953/urllib3-2.7.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:231e0ec3b63ceb14667c67be60f2f2c40a518cb38b03af60abc813da26505f4c", size = 433602, upload-time = "2026-05-07T16:13:18.596Z" }
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 [[package]]

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import json
 import random
 import sqlite3
 import threading
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from contextlib import closing, contextmanager
 from typing import Any, cast
 
@@ -16,12 +16,19 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     SerializerProtocol,
     get_checkpoint_id,
     get_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
 
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite._delta import (
+    DELTA_STAGE1_SQL,
+    build_delta_channels_writes_history,
+    build_delta_stage2_sql,
+    step_walk_with_row,
+)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where
 
 _AIO_ERROR_MSG = (
@@ -493,6 +500,88 @@ class SqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
                 (str(thread_id),),
             )
 
+    def get_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history`.
+
+        Two-stage query:
+
+        * Stage 1 (paged): newest-first slice of `checkpoints` returning
+          `(checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint)` per
+          ancestor. Sqlite has no JSONB, so we ship the full serialized
+          checkpoint blob and inspect `channel_values` in Python. Pages
+          newest-first by `checkpoint_id` with a `< cursor` predicate;
+          page size is `DELTA_PAGE_SIZE`. Stops paging when every channel
+          has found its seed or the chain is exhausted.
+
+        * Stage 2 (per-channel UNION ALL): one branch per channel reading
+          `writes` filtered to that channel's specific `chain_cids`. No
+          separate seed-blob fetch — sqlite stores `channel_values` inline
+          in the checkpoint blob, so seeds come back from stage 1.
+        """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        channels = list(channels)
+        thread_id = str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"])
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
+        if checkpoint_id is None:
+            target = self.get_tuple(config)
+            if target is None:
+                return {ch: {"writes": []} for ch in channels}
+            checkpoint_id = target.config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]
+
+        chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]] = {ch: [] for ch in channels}
+        seed_val_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        walk_state: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        seeded: set[str] = set()
+
+        with self.cursor(transaction=False) as cur:
+            cur.execute(DELTA_STAGE1_SQL, (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id))
+            for row in cur:
+                cid, parent_cid, type_tag, blob = row
+                if step_walk_with_row(
+                    cid=cid,
+                    parent_cid=parent_cid,
+                    type_tag=type_tag,
+                    blob=blob,
+                    target_id=checkpoint_id,
+                    serde=self.serde,
+                    chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+                    seed_val_by_ch=seed_val_by_ch,
+                    walk_state=walk_state,
+                    seeded=seeded,
+                    channels=channels,
+                ):
+                    break
+
+            channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
+            stage2_sql = build_delta_stage2_sql(
+                chain_lens=[len(chain_by_ch[ch]) for ch in channels_with_chain],
+            )
+            if stage2_sql:
+                stage2_params: list[Any] = []
+                for ch in channels_with_chain:
+                    stage2_params.extend(
+                        [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, *chain_by_ch[ch]]
+                    )
+                cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
+                stage2_rows = cast(
+                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]]", cur.fetchall()
+                )
+            else:
+                stage2_rows = []
+
+        return build_delta_channels_writes_history(
+            channels=channels,
+            chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+            seed_val_by_ch=seed_val_by_ch,
+            seeded=seeded,
+            stage2_rows=stage2_rows,
+            serde=self.serde,
+        )
+
     async def aget_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the database asynchronously.
 

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/_delta.py

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+"""Shared helpers for `get_delta_channel_history` on sqlite savers.
+
+Mirrors the two-stage shape of `BasePostgresSaver` (ancestor walk +
+per-channel UNION ALL writes fetch), but adapted for sqlite's
+constraints. The structural differences:
+
+* No JSONB — to inspect `channel_values` for a checkpoint we must
+  deserialize the full blob. Stage 1 streams the cursor row-by-row and
+  deserializes only the rows the merged walk visits, freeing each blob
+  before advancing.
+* No separate blob table — `channel_values` lives inline in the
+  checkpoint, so seeds come back from stage 1 with no second fetch.
+* Single merged walk (not K independent walks): each visited cid is
+  deserialized exactly once, regardless of how many channels are still
+  seeking their seed.
+
+The streaming design keeps peak in-flight memory at roughly one
+deserialized checkpoint at a time, instead of holding the entire
+ancestor chain's worth of raw blobs as a `fetchall()`-materialized list.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
+from typing import Any
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DeltaChannelHistory, PendingWrite
+
+# Stage 1 streams ancestors of `target_cid` newest-first. The `<=`
+# predicate keeps target itself in the stream so we can read its
+# `parent_checkpoint_id` from the first row without a separate lookup;
+# the caller skips target's own writes/seed (matches the
+# `BaseCheckpointSaver` contract).
+DELTA_STAGE1_SQL = (
+    "SELECT checkpoint_id, parent_checkpoint_id, type, checkpoint "
+    "FROM checkpoints "
+    "WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND checkpoint_id <= ? "
+    "ORDER BY checkpoint_id DESC"
+)
+
+
+def build_delta_stage2_sql(*, chain_lens: Sequence[int]) -> str:
+    """Stage-2 per-channel UNION ALL fetching writes from `writes`.
+
+    One branch per channel with a non-empty chain. Each branch inlines its
+    own `IN (?, ?, ...)` placeholder list because sqlite has no array-bind
+    equivalent of postgres's `= ANY(%s)`. Caller passes parameters in
+    matching order: `[thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, *chain_cids]` per
+    branch.
+
+    Returns an empty string when no channel has a chain (caller skips
+    executing in that case). Per-channel UNION ALL avoids the over-fetch
+    of a single `channel = ANY(channels)` filter when channels have
+    different chain depths — same rationale as postgres.
+    """
+    branches: list[str] = []
+    for n in chain_lens:
+        cid_placeholders = ",".join("?" * n)
+        branches.append(
+            "SELECT checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value "
+            "FROM writes "
+            "WHERE thread_id = ? AND checkpoint_ns = ? AND channel = ? "
+            f"AND checkpoint_id IN ({cid_placeholders})"
+        )
+    return " UNION ALL ".join(branches)
+
+
+def step_walk_with_row(
+    *,
+    cid: str,
+    parent_cid: str | None,
+    type_tag: str,
+    blob: bytes,
+    target_id: str,
+    serde: Any,
+    chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]],
+    seed_val_by_ch: dict[str, Any],
+    walk_state: dict[str, Any],
+    seeded: set[str],
+    channels: Sequence[str],
+) -> bool:
+    """Process one streamed stage-1 row in the merged ancestor walk.
+
+    The cursor returns (cid, parent_cid, type, blob) rows in
+    `checkpoint_id` DESC order starting at target. The first row is
+    target itself; we read its parent_cid to seed the walk and otherwise
+    skip it (target's own writes/seed are not part of the contract).
+
+    For each subsequent row, if `cid` matches the walk's current
+    position, we deserialize the blob, append the cid to every
+    not-yet-seeded channel's chain, and check `channel_values` for
+    seeds. The deserialized checkpoint is dropped before advancing — no
+    cross-row cache, so peak in-flight is one deserialized checkpoint.
+
+    Off-path rows (different branch on the same thread) advance the
+    cursor without doing any work.
+
+    Returns True when every requested channel is seeded — the caller
+    can stop iterating and close the cursor.
+    """
+    if "started" not in walk_state:
+        if cid == target_id:
+            walk_state["started"] = True
+            walk_state["cur_cid"] = parent_cid
+            walk_state["active"] = {ch for ch in channels if ch not in seeded}
+        # Not target yet (or target not present): keep streaming.
+        return False
+    active: set[str] = walk_state["active"]
+    if not active:
+        return True
+    if cid != walk_state["cur_cid"]:
+        # Off-path row from a sibling branch — skip without deserializing.
+        return False
+    for ch in active:
+        chain_by_ch[ch].append(cid)
+    ckpt = serde.loads_typed((type_tag, blob))
+    channel_values: Mapping[str, Any] = ckpt.get("channel_values") or {}
+    for ch in [ch for ch in active if ch in channel_values]:
+        seed_val_by_ch[ch] = channel_values[ch]
+        seeded.add(ch)
+        active.discard(ch)
+    del ckpt, channel_values
+    walk_state["cur_cid"] = parent_cid
+    return not active
+
+
+def build_delta_channels_writes_history(
+    *,
+    channels: Sequence[str],
+    chain_by_ch: Mapping[str, list[str]],
+    seed_val_by_ch: Mapping[str, Any],
+    seeded: set[str],
+    stage2_rows: Sequence[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]],
+    serde: Any,
+) -> dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+    """Demux stage-2 rows per channel; produce per-channel histories.
+
+    Stage-2 rows are `(checkpoint_id, channel, task_id, idx, type, value)`.
+    Final write order is oldest→newest globally and `(task_id, idx)` within
+    a checkpoint, matching the contract on `DeltaChannelHistory.writes`.
+
+    `seed` is omitted when the walk reached a true root with no snapshot
+    found (channel never entered `seeded`); consumers treat absence as
+    "start empty".
+    """
+    writes_by_ch_by_cid: dict[str, dict[str, list[tuple[str, bytes, str, int]]]] = {
+        ch: {} for ch in channels
+    }
+    for cid, ch, task_id, idx, type_tag, value_blob in stage2_rows:
+        writes_by_ch_by_cid.setdefault(ch, {}).setdefault(cid, []).append(
+            (type_tag, value_blob, task_id, idx)
+        )
+    for cid_map in writes_by_ch_by_cid.values():
+        for ws in cid_map.values():
+            ws.sort(key=lambda w: (w[2], w[3]))
+
+    result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
+    for ch in channels:
+        chain_cids = chain_by_ch.get(ch, [])
+        cid_writes = writes_by_ch_by_cid.get(ch, {})
+        collected: list[PendingWrite] = []
+        # Chain is newest-first; iterate oldest-first for the public order.
+        for cid in reversed(chain_cids):
+            for type_tag, value_blob, task_id, _idx in cid_writes.get(cid, []):
+                collected.append(
+                    (task_id, ch, serde.loads_typed((type_tag, value_blob)))
+                )
+        entry: DeltaChannelHistory = {"writes": collected}
+        if ch in seeded:
+            entry["seed"] = seed_val_by_ch[ch]
+        result[ch] = entry
+    return result

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/langgraph/checkpoint/sqlite/aio.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import asyncio
 import json
 import random
 import threading
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable, Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from typing import Any, TypeVar, cast
 
@@ -17,12 +17,19 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     SerializerProtocol,
     get_checkpoint_id,
     get_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
 
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite._delta import (
+    DELTA_STAGE1_SQL,
+    build_delta_channels_writes_history,
+    build_delta_stage2_sql,
+    step_walk_with_row,
+)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.utils import search_where
 
 T = TypeVar("T", bound=Callable)
@@ -272,6 +279,29 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             self.adelete_thread(thread_id), self.loop
         ).result()
 
+    def get_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Sync bridge to `aget_delta_channel_history`.
+
+        Mirrors the same cross-thread guard as `get_tuple` /
+        `delete_thread` — calling from the loop thread raises rather than
+        deadlocking.
+        """
+        try:
+            if asyncio.get_running_loop() is self.loop:
+                raise asyncio.InvalidStateError(
+                    "Synchronous calls to AsyncSqliteSaver are only allowed from a "
+                    "different thread. From the main thread, use the async interface. "
+                    "For example, use `await checkpointer.aget_delta_channel_history(...)`."
+                )
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass
+        return asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+            self.aget_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=channels),
+            self.loop,
+        ).result()
+
     async def setup(self) -> None:
         """Set up the checkpoint database asynchronously.
 
@@ -589,6 +619,83 @@ class AsyncSqliteSaver(BaseCheckpointSaver[str]):
             )
             await self.conn.commit()
 
+    async def aget_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Fast-path override of `BaseCheckpointSaver.aget_delta_channel_history`.
+
+        See `SqliteSaver.get_delta_channel_history` for design notes; this
+        is the async equivalent using `aiosqlite` cursors. Stage 1 pages
+        the parent chain newest-first and Python-deserializes each
+        checkpoint blob to find per-channel snapshots; stage 2 fetches
+        only the relevant writes via per-channel UNION ALL.
+        """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        channels = list(channels)
+        await self.setup()
+        thread_id = str(config["configurable"]["thread_id"])
+        checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
+        checkpoint_id = get_checkpoint_id(config)
+        if checkpoint_id is None:
+            target = await self.aget_tuple(config)
+            if target is None:
+                return {ch: {"writes": []} for ch in channels}
+            checkpoint_id = target.config["configurable"]["checkpoint_id"]
+
+        chain_by_ch: dict[str, list[str]] = {ch: [] for ch in channels}
+        seed_val_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        walk_state: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        seeded: set[str] = set()
+
+        async with self.lock, self.conn.cursor() as cur:
+            await cur.execute(
+                DELTA_STAGE1_SQL, (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, checkpoint_id)
+            )
+            async for row in cur:
+                cid, parent_cid, type_tag, blob = row
+                if step_walk_with_row(
+                    cid=cid,
+                    parent_cid=parent_cid,
+                    type_tag=type_tag,
+                    blob=blob,
+                    target_id=checkpoint_id,
+                    serde=self.serde,
+                    chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+                    seed_val_by_ch=seed_val_by_ch,
+                    walk_state=walk_state,
+                    seeded=seeded,
+                    channels=channels,
+                ):
+                    break
+
+            channels_with_chain = [ch for ch in channels if chain_by_ch[ch]]
+            stage2_sql = build_delta_stage2_sql(
+                chain_lens=[len(chain_by_ch[ch]) for ch in channels_with_chain],
+            )
+            if stage2_sql:
+                stage2_params: list[Any] = []
+                for ch in channels_with_chain:
+                    stage2_params.extend(
+                        [thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, *chain_by_ch[ch]]
+                    )
+                await cur.execute(stage2_sql, stage2_params)
+                stage2_rows = cast(
+                    "list[tuple[str, str, str, int, str, bytes]]",
+                    await cur.fetchall(),
+                )
+            else:
+                stage2_rows = []
+
+        return build_delta_channels_writes_history(
+            channels=channels,
+            chain_by_ch=chain_by_ch,
+            seed_val_by_ch=seed_val_by_ch,
+            seeded=seeded,
+            stage2_rows=stage2_rows,
+            serde=self.serde,
+        )
+
     def get_next_version(self, current: str | None, channel: None) -> str:
         """Generate the next version ID for a channel.
 

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite"
-version = "3.0.3"
+version = "3.1.0"
 description = "Library with a SQLite implementation of LangGraph checkpoint saver."
 authors = []
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT"
 license-files = ['LICENSE']
 dependencies = [
-    "langgraph-checkpoint>=3,<5.0.0",
+    "langgraph-checkpoint>=4.1.0,<5.0.0",
     "aiosqlite>=0.20",
     "sqlite-vec>=0.1.6",
 ]

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_conformance_delta.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""Run delta-channel conformance capabilities against AsyncSqliteSaver."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+pytest.importorskip(
+    "langgraph.checkpoint.conformance",
+    reason="langgraph-checkpoint-conformance not installed",
+)
+pytest.importorskip("aiosqlite", reason="aiosqlite not installed")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_delta_channel_conformance():
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance import validate
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.initializer import checkpointer_test
+
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver
+
+    @checkpointer_test(name="AsyncSqliteSaver")
+    async def sqlite_saver():
+        async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+            yield saver
+
+    report = await validate(
+        sqlite_saver,
+        capabilities={
+            "delta_channel_history",
+        },
+    )
+    for cap, result in report.results.items():
+        if result.passed is False:
+            details = "\n".join(result.failures or [])
+            pytest.fail(f"Capability {cap} failed:\n{details}")

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_delta_channel_migration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+"""Sqlite-specific migration smoke tests: BinaryOperatorAggregate -> DeltaChannel.
+
+Mirrors `libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_migration.py` (which
+covers `InMemorySaver` + a third-party fallback to the base default
+impl). This file exercises the same migration scenario through the
+sqlite-specific `SqliteSaver.get_delta_channel_history` override —
+specifically that the streaming ancestor walk finds a pre-migration
+plain `channel_values[ch]` entry and surfaces it as the `seed`, with
+post-migration writes folding on top through the reducer.
+
+Pre-migration checkpoints under `BinaryOperatorAggregate` carry the
+full accumulated value at every settled super-step boundary. The
+override has to identify those as "real" seeds (not `_DeltaSnapshot`
+sentinels) — the saver layer is intentionally delta-agnostic and just
+returns whatever is stored in `channel_values[ch]`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import operator
+from typing import Annotated, Any
+
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+# `langgraph` core isn't a dep of `langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite`. Skip the
+# whole module rather than importerror-ing in the standalone CI shape.
+pytest.importorskip("langgraph.channels.delta", reason="langgraph core not installed")
+pytest.importorskip("langgraph.channels.binop", reason="langgraph core not installed")
+pytest.importorskip("langgraph.graph", reason="langgraph core not installed")
+
+from langgraph.channels.binop import BinaryOperatorAggregate  # type: ignore[import-untyped]  # noqa: E402,I001
+from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel  # type: ignore[import-untyped]  # noqa: E402
+from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph  # type: ignore[import-untyped]  # noqa: E402
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict  # noqa: E402
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver  # noqa: E402
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver  # noqa: E402
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
+
+
+def _noop(_state: Any) -> dict:
+    return {}
+
+
+def _list_concat(state: list, writes: list) -> list:
+    result = list(state)
+    for w in writes:
+        result.extend(w if isinstance(w, list) else [w])
+    return result
+
+
+def _binop_graph(checkpointer: Any) -> Any:
+    class BinopState(TypedDict):
+        items: Annotated[list, BinaryOperatorAggregate(list, operator.add)]
+
+    return (
+        StateGraph(BinopState)
+        .add_node("noop", _noop)
+        .add_edge(START, "noop")
+        .add_edge("noop", END)
+        .compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+    )
+
+
+def _delta_graph(checkpointer: Any) -> Any:
+    class DeltaState(TypedDict):
+        items: Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(_list_concat)]
+
+    return (
+        StateGraph(DeltaState)
+        .add_node("noop", _noop)
+        .add_edge(START, "noop")
+        .add_edge("noop", END)
+        .compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+    )
+
+
+def _drive(graph: Any, config: RunnableConfig, tag: str, n: int) -> None:
+    for i in range(n):
+        graph.invoke({"items": [f"{tag}{i}"]}, config)
+
+
+async def _adrive(graph: Any, config: RunnableConfig, tag: str, n: int) -> None:
+    for i in range(n):
+        await graph.ainvoke({"items": [f"{tag}{i}"]}, config)
+
+
+def _settled_boundaries(history: list) -> list[tuple[RunnableConfig, list]]:
+    """`(config, items)` for every checkpoint with `next == ('__start__',)`
+    — the stable inter-invoke boundaries that round-trip predictably.
+    """
+    return [
+        (s.config, list(s.values.get("items", [])))
+        for s in history
+        if s.next == ("__start__",)
+    ]
+
+
+def test_migration_preserves_pre_migration_state_sync() -> None:
+    """Drive 3 invokes under `BinaryOperatorAggregate`, swap the
+    annotation to `DeltaChannel` on the same sqlite-backed thread, and
+    verify every settled pre-migration boundary round-trips exactly.
+
+    The override's streaming walk must identify the plain accumulated
+    list at each pre-migration ancestor as a valid `seed` even though
+    no `_DeltaSnapshot` was ever written there.
+    """
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "mig-sync"}}
+
+        binop = _binop_graph(saver)
+        _drive(binop, config, "u", 3)
+
+        pre_boundaries = _settled_boundaries(list(binop.get_state_history(config)))
+        assert len(pre_boundaries) >= 2, "expected multiple settled boundaries"
+
+        delta = _delta_graph(saver)
+        for cfg, items in pre_boundaries:
+            snap = delta.get_state(cfg)
+            assert list(snap.values.get("items", [])) == items, (
+                f"snapshot mismatch at {cfg['configurable']['checkpoint_id']}: "
+                f"expected {items}, got {snap.values.get('items', [])}"
+            )
+
+
+def test_migration_continued_thread_folds_deltas_on_seed_sync() -> None:
+    """After migration, driving one more super-step extends the
+    pre-migration accumulated state via the delta reducer — the seed
+    plus a single new write.
+    """
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "mig-continue-sync"}}
+
+        binop = _binop_graph(saver)
+        _drive(binop, config, "u", 3)
+
+        pre_history = list(binop.get_state_history(config))
+        pre_boundaries = _settled_boundaries(pre_history)
+        # Latest settled boundary — the leaf pre-migration state.
+        leaf_cfg, leaf_items = pre_boundaries[0]
+        assert leaf_items, "expected non-empty pre-migration leaf"
+
+        delta = _delta_graph(saver)
+        delta.invoke({"items": ["after-migration"]}, leaf_cfg)
+        new_state = delta.get_state(config).values["items"]
+        assert new_state[: len(leaf_items)] == leaf_items
+        assert "after-migration" in new_state
+
+
+async def test_migration_preserves_pre_migration_state_async() -> None:
+    """Async equivalent of the basic-migration round-trip check on
+    `AsyncSqliteSaver`."""
+    async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "mig-async"}}
+
+        binop = _binop_graph(saver)
+        await _adrive(binop, config, "u", 3)
+
+        pre_history = [s async for s in binop.aget_state_history(config)]
+        pre_boundaries = _settled_boundaries(pre_history)
+        assert len(pre_boundaries) >= 2
+
+        delta = _delta_graph(saver)
+        for cfg, items in pre_boundaries:
+            snap = await delta.aget_state(cfg)
+            assert list(snap.values.get("items", [])) == items, (
+                f"async snapshot mismatch at {cfg['configurable']['checkpoint_id']}"
+            )

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/tests/test_get_delta_channel_history.py

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+"""Smoke tests for `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history` on sqlite.
+
+`SqliteSaver` (and `AsyncSqliteSaver`) deliberately don't override the
+default implementation in `BaseCheckpointSaver` — these tests pin the
+default impl to behave correctly end-to-end against a real persistent
+saver and a real `DeltaChannel`-backed graph.
+
+Scenarios covered:
+
+* Empty `channels` argument returns an empty mapping (no I/O).
+* On a non-trivial multi-checkpoint thread, per-channel writes come back
+  oldest→newest.
+* When the walk reaches the root without ever finding a stored value,
+  `seed` is omitted from the entry (consumer treats absence as "start
+  empty").
+* When a `_DeltaSnapshot` blob is present at an ancestor, it is returned
+  as the `seed`.
+* The async saver returns the same shape via `aget_delta_channel_history`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import operator
+from typing import Annotated, Any
+
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+
+# `langgraph` is not a dep of `langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite`. When tests run
+# in the sqlite lib's standalone CI environment without it installed, skip
+# the whole module rather than failing at import.
+pytest.importorskip("langgraph.channels.delta", reason="langgraph core not installed")
+pytest.importorskip("langgraph.graph", reason="langgraph core not installed")
+
+from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel  # type: ignore[import-untyped]  # noqa: E402,I001
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot  # noqa: E402
+from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph  # type: ignore[import-untyped]  # noqa: E402
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict  # noqa: E402
+
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite import SqliteSaver  # noqa: E402
+from langgraph.checkpoint.sqlite.aio import AsyncSqliteSaver  # noqa: E402
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Graph helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _noop(_state: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {}
+
+
+class _DeltaState(TypedDict):
+    items: Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(operator.add)]
+
+
+def _delta_graph(checkpointer: Any) -> Any:
+    return (
+        StateGraph(_DeltaState)
+        .add_node("noop", _noop)
+        .add_edge(START, "noop")
+        .add_edge("noop", END)
+        .compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+    )
+
+
+def _drive(graph: Any, config: RunnableConfig, n: int) -> None:
+    for i in range(n):
+        graph.invoke({"items": [f"v{i}"]}, config)
+
+
+async def _adrive(graph: Any, config: RunnableConfig, n: int) -> None:
+    for i in range(n):
+        await graph.ainvoke({"items": [f"v{i}"]}, config)
+
+
+def _pick_non_root(saver: Any, config: RunnableConfig) -> RunnableConfig:
+    """Return a config pointing at a checkpoint that has at least one ancestor.
+
+    `get_delta_channel_history` walks the parent chain — calling it on the root
+    checkpoint produces `writes=[]` and no `seed`, which is uninteresting
+    for the multi-step assertions below.
+    """
+    history = list(saver.list(config))
+    assert history, "expected non-empty history"
+    # `list` yields newest→oldest; the second entry has the first entry
+    # as its parent, so its parent_config is non-None.
+    for tup in history:
+        if tup.parent_config is not None:
+            return tup.config
+    raise AssertionError("no checkpoint with a parent in history")
+
+
+async def _apick_non_root(saver: Any, config: RunnableConfig) -> RunnableConfig:
+    history = [tup async for tup in saver.alist(config)]
+    assert history, "expected non-empty history"
+    for tup in history:
+        if tup.parent_config is not None:
+            return tup.config
+    raise AssertionError("no checkpoint with a parent in history")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Sync: SqliteSaver
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_empty_channels_returns_empty_mapping_sync() -> None:
+    """Empty `channels` short-circuits to `{}` without touching storage."""
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "empty"}}
+        assert saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[]) == {}
+
+
+def test_writes_history_oldest_to_newest_sync() -> None:
+    """Per-channel writes accumulated across the walk come back oldest→newest."""
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "history-sync"}}
+        graph = _delta_graph(saver)
+        _drive(graph, config, 3)
+
+        target_cfg = _pick_non_root(saver, config)
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=target_cfg, channels=["items"])
+
+        assert "items" in result
+        entry = result["items"]
+        assert isinstance(entry["writes"], list)
+
+        # If any writes were collected, their values should be in oldest→newest
+        # order — i.e. tagged 'v0', 'v1', ... matching invoke order.
+        write_values: list[Any] = []
+        for _task_id, channel, value in entry["writes"]:
+            assert channel == "items"
+            write_values.extend(value if isinstance(value, list) else [value])
+
+        # `_drive` invokes with payloads ['v0'], ['v1'], ['v2']. Whatever
+        # subset shows up in the chain must be a contiguous prefix in order.
+        for idx, val in enumerate(write_values):
+            assert val == f"v{idx}", (
+                f"writes not in oldest→newest order: {write_values}"
+            )
+
+
+def test_seed_present_when_snapshot_in_ancestor_sync() -> None:
+    """Inserting a `_DeltaSnapshot` blob at an ancestor → walk returns it as `seed`."""
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "seed-sync"}}
+        graph = _delta_graph(saver)
+        _drive(graph, config, 2)
+
+        # Find the oldest non-root checkpoint, then walk to its parent and
+        # rewrite that parent's `channel_values["items"]` to a real
+        # `_DeltaSnapshot`. After this surgery, calling `get_delta_channel_history`
+        # at the leaf must return the snapshot value as `seed`.
+        history = list(saver.list(config))
+        assert len(history) >= 2
+        leaf_tup = history[0]
+        # Walk to an ancestor with a parent_config (any non-root will do).
+        ancestor_tup = next(
+            (tup for tup in history if tup.parent_config is not None), None
+        )
+        assert ancestor_tup is not None
+        parent_cfg = ancestor_tup.parent_config
+        assert parent_cfg is not None
+        parent_tup = saver.get_tuple(parent_cfg)
+        assert parent_tup is not None
+
+        snapshot_value = ["seeded", "items"]
+        parent_tup.checkpoint["channel_values"]["items"] = _DeltaSnapshot(
+            snapshot_value
+        )
+        # Make sure the channel has a version so the optimized blob lookup
+        # in any future override has something to hit.
+        parent_tup.checkpoint["channel_versions"].setdefault("items", 1)
+        saver.put(
+            parent_tup.parent_config or {"configurable": parent_cfg["configurable"]},
+            parent_tup.checkpoint,
+            parent_tup.metadata,
+            {},
+        )
+
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(
+            config=leaf_tup.config, channels=["items"]
+        )
+        entry = result["items"]
+        assert "seed" in entry, f"expected seed to be present, got {entry}"
+        seed = entry["seed"]
+        assert isinstance(seed, _DeltaSnapshot), (
+            f"expected _DeltaSnapshot, got {seed!r}"
+        )
+        assert seed.value == snapshot_value
+
+
+def test_seed_omitted_when_walk_reaches_root_sync() -> None:
+    """`get_delta_channel_history` on the root checkpoint → no `seed` key, no writes."""
+    with SqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "root-sync"}}
+        graph = _delta_graph(saver)
+        _drive(graph, config, 1)
+
+        history = list(saver.list(config))
+        # Root is the oldest checkpoint (no parent_config).
+        root_tup = history[-1]
+        assert root_tup.parent_config is None
+
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(
+            config=root_tup.config, channels=["items"]
+        )
+        entry = result["items"]
+        assert "seed" not in entry, f"root-walk should have no seed, got {entry}"
+        assert entry["writes"] == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Async: AsyncSqliteSaver
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def test_empty_channels_returns_empty_mapping_async() -> None:
+    """Async equivalent of the empty-channels short-circuit."""
+    async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "empty-async"}}
+        assert await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[]) == {}
+
+
+async def test_writes_history_oldest_to_newest_async() -> None:
+    """Async equivalent of the oldest→newest ordering check."""
+    async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "history-async"}}
+        graph = _delta_graph(saver)
+        await _adrive(graph, config, 3)
+
+        target_cfg = await _apick_non_root(saver, config)
+        result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(
+            config=target_cfg, channels=["items"]
+        )
+
+        assert "items" in result
+        entry = result["items"]
+        assert isinstance(entry["writes"], list)
+
+        write_values: list[Any] = []
+        for _task_id, channel, value in entry["writes"]:
+            assert channel == "items"
+            write_values.extend(value if isinstance(value, list) else [value])
+
+        for idx, val in enumerate(write_values):
+            assert val == f"v{idx}", (
+                f"writes not in oldest→newest order: {write_values}"
+            )
+
+
+async def test_seed_omitted_when_walk_reaches_root_async() -> None:
+    """Async equivalent of the root-walk seed-absence check."""
+    async with AsyncSqliteSaver.from_conn_string(":memory:") as saver:
+        config: RunnableConfig = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "root-async"}}
+        graph = _delta_graph(saver)
+        await _adrive(graph, config, 1)
+
+        history = [tup async for tup in saver.alist(config)]
+        root_tup = history[-1]
+        assert root_tup.parent_config is None
+
+        result = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(
+            config=root_tup.config, channels=["items"]
+        )
+        entry = result["items"]
+        assert "seed" not in entry, f"root-walk should have no seed, got {entry}"
+        assert entry["writes"] == []

libs/checkpoint-sqlite/uv.lock

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 version = 1
 revision = 3
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
+resolution-markers = [
+    "python_full_version >= '3.15'",
+    "python_full_version < '3.15'",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "aiosqlite"
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-version = "1.2.28"
+version = "1.3.3"
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     { name = "jsonpatch" },
+    { name = "langchain-protocol" },
     { name = "langsmith" },
     { name = "packaging" },
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+[[package]]
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+version = "0.0.15"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
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+    { name = "typing-extensions" },
+]
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 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint"
-version = "4.1.0a1"
+version = "4.1.1"
 source = { editable = "../checkpoint" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "langchain-core" },
@@ -316,7 +333,7 @@ test = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite"
-version = "3.0.3"
+version = "3.1.0"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
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+version = "0.8.0"
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 [[package]]
@@ -1144,11 +1161,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "urllib3"
-version = "2.6.3"
+version = "2.7.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c7/24/5f1b3bdffd70275f6661c76461e25f024d5a38a46f04aaca912426a2b1d3/urllib3-2.6.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:1b62b6884944a57dbe321509ab94fd4d3b307075e0c2eae991ac71ee15ad38ed", size = 435556, upload-time = "2026-01-07T16:24:43.925Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/53/0c/06f8b233b8fd13b9e5ee11424ef85419ba0d8ba0b3138bf360be2ff56953/urllib3-2.7.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:231e0ec3b63ceb14667c67be60f2f2c40a518cb38b03af60abc813da26505f4c", size = 433602, upload-time = "2026-05-07T16:13:18.596Z" }
 wheels = [
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+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7f/3e/5db95bcf282c52709639744ca2a8b149baccf648e39c8cc87553df9eae0c/urllib3-2.7.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:9fb4c81ebbb1ce9531cce37674bbc6f1360472bc18ca9a553ede278ef7276897", size = 131087, upload-time = "2026-05-07T16:13:17.151Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/base/__init__.py

@@ -13,14 +13,12 @@ from typing import (
 )
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
+from typing_extensions import NotRequired
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol, maybe_add_typed_methods
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.encrypted import EncryptedSerializer
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL as DELTA_SENTINEL,
-)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import (
     ERROR,
     INTERRUPT,
@@ -62,6 +60,30 @@ class CheckpointMetadata(TypedDict, total=False):
     """
     run_id: str
     """The ID of the run that created this checkpoint."""
+    counters_since_delta_snapshot: dict[str, tuple[int, int]]
+    """Per-channel counters since the last `_DeltaSnapshot` was written.
+
+    !!! warning "Beta"
+
+        This metadata field backs `DeltaChannel` (beta). The key name and
+        contents may change while the delta-channel design stabilizes.
+
+    Maps channel name -> `(updates, supersteps)`:
+
+    - index 0 (`updates`): number of supersteps that wrote to this channel
+      since its last snapshot blob.
+    - index 1 (`supersteps`): total supersteps elapsed since this channel's
+      last snapshot, regardless of whether the channel was written.
+
+    A snapshot fires when EITHER `updates >= ch.snapshot_frequency` OR
+    `supersteps >= DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT` (system-wide bound,
+    default 5000, env `LANGGRAPH_DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT`).
+    The supersteps bound prevents unbounded ancestor walks on threads where
+    a delta channel exists but is no longer being updated.
+
+    Absent on threads that don't use delta channels. Persisted as a
+    2-element list in JSON (no native tuple).
+    """
 
 
 ChannelVersions = dict[str, str | int | float]
@@ -124,28 +146,31 @@ class CheckpointTuple(NamedTuple):
     pending_writes: list[PendingWrite] | None = None
 
 
-class _ChannelWritesHistory(NamedTuple):
-    """Result of `BaseCheckpointSaver._get_channel_writes_history`.
+class DeltaChannelHistory(TypedDict):
+    """Per-channel result entry from `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history`.
 
-    Storage-level view of what one channel wrote across the ancestor chain
-    of a target checkpoint:
+    !!! warning "Beta"
 
-      * `seed` — the nearest ancestor's stored blob value for this channel,
-        or `DELTA_SENTINEL` if the walk reached the root without finding a
-        stored value. A non-sentinel seed typically indicates a pre-delta
-        snapshot preserved across a channel-type migration (e.g.
-        `BinaryOperatorAggregate` storage extended under `DeltaChannel`).
-      * `writes` — on-path deltas oldest→newest, one `PendingWrite` per
-        step that wrote to this channel. Writes stored at the target
-        checkpoint itself are pending for the next super-step and are
-        excluded.
+        Part of the `DeltaChannel` support surface; in beta. Field names and
+        semantics may change.
 
-    Experimental: method surface may change; the NamedTuple shape is the
-    contract.
+    Storage-level view of what one channel contributed across the ancestor
+    chain of a target checkpoint:
+
+    * `writes` — on-path deltas oldest→newest as `PendingWrite` tuples.
+      Always present; possibly empty. Already filtered to one channel.
+      Writes stored at the target checkpoint itself are pending for the
+      next super-step and are excluded.
+    * `seed` — the stored value at the nearest ancestor whose
+      `channel_values[ch]` is populated. Omitted if the walk reached the
+      root without finding any stored value (consumer treats absence as
+      "start empty"). Typically a `_DeltaSnapshot` for delta channels with
+      finite snapshot frequency, or a plain value for threads migrated
+      from a pre-delta channel type.
     """
 
-    seed: Any
     writes: list[PendingWrite]
+    seed: NotRequired[Any]
 
 
 class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
@@ -311,6 +336,14 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
 
         Args:
             run_ids: The run IDs whose checkpoints should be deleted.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            Deleting a run that produced ancestor `checkpoint_writes` — or
+            the only `_DeltaSnapshot` blob — for a still-live thread will
+            break reconstruction of any `DeltaChannel` whose history
+            depended on those rows. See the `DeltaChannel` note on `prune`
+            for safe-recovery strategies.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -324,6 +357,17 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
         Args:
             source_thread_id: The thread ID to copy from.
             target_thread_id: The thread ID to copy to.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            Implementations must copy the **complete** parent chain (all
+            ancestor checkpoints and their `checkpoint_writes`) — copying
+            only the head checkpoint will leave the target thread with
+            `DeltaChannel` state that cannot be reconstructed (no path back
+            to a `_DeltaSnapshot` ancestor). Equivalently, the copy must
+            include enough ancestors that every `DeltaChannel`-backed key
+            has either a `_DeltaSnapshot` in `channel_values` somewhere in
+            the chain, or a complete write history back to the chain root.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -339,6 +383,34 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
             thread_ids: The thread IDs to prune.
             strategy: The pruning strategy. `"keep_latest"` retains only the most
                 recent checkpoint per namespace. `"delete"` removes all checkpoints.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            Custom implementations must be `DeltaChannel`-aware. `DeltaChannel`
+            stores only a sentinel in `channel_values` for non-snapshot steps;
+            reconstruction walks the parent chain via
+            `get_delta_channel_history`, accumulating rows from
+            `checkpoint_writes` until it reaches an ancestor whose
+            `channel_values` contains a `_DeltaSnapshot` blob (written every
+            `snapshot_frequency` updates).
+
+            A naive `"keep_latest"` that drops intermediate checkpoints and
+            their writes can sever that chain: the surviving "latest"
+            checkpoint is rarely a snapshot point itself, so its delta
+            channels would silently reconstruct as empty (no error raised —
+            `get_delta_channel_history` simply returns no `seed`). Safe
+            options when the graph uses `DeltaChannel`:
+
+            * Walk back from each kept checkpoint and preserve every
+              ancestor (plus its `checkpoint_writes`) up to the nearest one
+              whose `channel_values` already contains a `_DeltaSnapshot` for
+              every `DeltaChannel`-backed key.
+            * Force a fresh snapshot on the kept checkpoint before deleting
+              ancestors — rewrite `channel_values[k] = _DeltaSnapshot(value)`
+              for each delta channel `k` (resolving `value` via the existing
+              ancestor walk first), then prune.
+            * Skip pruning threads whose graph uses `DeltaChannel` until one
+              of the above is implemented.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -455,6 +527,13 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
 
         Args:
             run_ids: The run IDs whose checkpoints should be deleted.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            See `delete_for_runs` — deleting rows a still-live thread's
+            `DeltaChannel` reconstruction depends on (writes between the
+            head and its nearest `_DeltaSnapshot` ancestor) will silently
+            corrupt that channel's state.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -468,6 +547,13 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
         Args:
             source_thread_id: The thread ID to copy from.
             target_thread_id: The thread ID to copy to.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            See `copy_thread` — the copy must carry the complete parent
+            chain (or at least back to a `_DeltaSnapshot` ancestor for every
+            `DeltaChannel`) so the target thread can reconstruct delta
+            state.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
@@ -483,106 +569,125 @@ class BaseCheckpointSaver(Generic[V]):
             thread_ids: The thread IDs to prune.
             strategy: The pruning strategy. `"keep_latest"` retains only the most
                 recent checkpoint per namespace. `"delete"` removes all checkpoints.
+
+        !!! warning "DeltaChannel"
+
+            See `prune` for the full `DeltaChannel` caveat. In short:
+            `"keep_latest"` must not drop ancestor checkpoints / writes that
+            sit between the kept checkpoint and the nearest `_DeltaSnapshot`
+            ancestor, or delta channels will silently reconstruct as empty.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def _get_tuple_raw(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
-        """Pure storage read used by `_get_channel_writes_history`.
+    def get_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Walk the parent chain returning per-channel writes + seed.
 
-        Must return the same value as `get_tuple` but must NOT trigger channel
-        reconstruction; otherwise the channel-hydration path would re-enter
-        `_get_channel_writes_history`. Override only if `get_tuple` itself
-        performs channel hydration.
-        """
-        return self.get_tuple(config)
+        !!! warning "Beta"
 
-    async def _aget_tuple_raw(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
-        """Async version of `_get_tuple_raw`. See docstring there."""
-        return await self.aget_tuple(config)
+            This method is part of the `DeltaChannel` support surface and is
+            in beta. The signature, return shape (`DeltaChannelHistory`), and
+            interaction with `_DeltaSnapshot` blobs may change. Override at
+            your own risk; the default implementation will continue to work
+            against the public `BaseCheckpointSaver` contract.
 
-    def _get_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        """**Experimental.** Query one channel's writes along the parent chain.
-
-        Storage-level query, not channel semantics: returns `(seed, writes)`
-        reflecting what storage knows about a single channel across the
-        ancestor chain of the target checkpoint identified by `config`.
-
-        * `writes` — on-path deltas oldest→newest as `PendingWrite` tuples.
-          Writes stored at the target `checkpoint_id` itself are pending
-          for the next super-step and are excluded.
-        * `seed` — the nearest ancestor's stored blob value for this
-          channel; `DELTA_SENTINEL` if the walk reached the root without
-          finding a stored value. A non-sentinel seed typically indicates
-          a pre-delta snapshot preserved across a channel-type migration.
+        For each requested channel, walks ancestors of the checkpoint
+        identified by `config` (following `parent_config`) and accumulates
+        `pending_writes` for that channel. The walk terminates per-channel
+        at the nearest ancestor whose `channel_values[ch]` is populated;
+        that value is returned as `seed`. If the walk reaches the root
+        without finding a stored value, `seed` is omitted from that
+        channel's entry — the consumer treats the absence as "start
+        empty."
 
         Walks the **parent chain** (not `list(before=...)`): for forked
         threads, only on-path ancestors contribute.
 
-        Reference implementation walks `get_tuple` + `parent_config`,
-        inspecting each ancestor's `channel_values[channel]` for the seed
-        terminator. Savers with direct storage access (`InMemorySaver`,
+        The default implementation walks `get_tuple` + `parent_config`
+        once for all channels — each ancestor visited once, not once per
+        channel. Savers with direct storage access (`InMemorySaver`,
         `PostgresSaver`) override for performance; the return contract is
         fixed here.
 
-        Underscore-prefixed because the method surface is experimental.
-        """
-        collected: list[PendingWrite] = []  # newest first; reversed at the end
-        target_tuple = self._get_tuple_raw(config)
-        cursor_config: RunnableConfig | None = (
-            target_tuple.parent_config if target_tuple else None
-        )
-        while cursor_config is not None:
-            tup = self._get_tuple_raw(cursor_config)
-            if tup is None:
-                break
-            # Collect this ancestor's writes FIRST — they encode the
-            # transition from this ancestor's state to its child's, so
-            # they must be included whether or not this ancestor is the
-            # seed terminator.
-            if tup.pending_writes:
-                # Within a superstep, pending_writes are oldest→newest;
-                # reverse to scan newest-first.
-                for write in reversed(tup.pending_writes):
-                    if write[1] != channel:
-                        continue
-                    collected.append(write)
-            # Seed terminator: any non-sentinel blob on an ancestor
-            # establishes the reconstruction base. Stop here.
-            ancestor_value = tup.checkpoint["channel_values"].get(channel)
-            if ancestor_value is not None and ancestor_value is not DELTA_SENTINEL:
-                collected.reverse()
-                return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=ancestor_value, writes=collected)
-            cursor_config = tup.parent_config
-        collected.reverse()
-        return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=collected)
+        Args:
+            config: Configuration identifying the target checkpoint.
+            channels: Channel names to walk for. Empty → empty mapping.
 
-    async def _aget_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        """Async version of `_get_channel_writes_history`. See docstring there."""
-        collected: list[PendingWrite] = []
-        target_tuple = await self._aget_tuple_raw(config)
+        Returns:
+            Per-channel `DeltaChannelHistory` for every name in `channels`.
+        """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        collected_by_ch: dict[str, list[PendingWrite]] = {c: [] for c in channels}
+        seed_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        remaining: set[str] = set(channels)
+        target_tuple = self.get_tuple(config)
         cursor_config: RunnableConfig | None = (
             target_tuple.parent_config if target_tuple else None
         )
-        while cursor_config is not None:
-            tup = await self._aget_tuple_raw(cursor_config)
+        while cursor_config is not None and remaining:
+            tup = self.get_tuple(cursor_config)
             if tup is None:
                 break
             if tup.pending_writes:
                 for write in reversed(tup.pending_writes):
-                    if write[1] != channel:
-                        continue
-                    collected.append(write)
-            ancestor_value = tup.checkpoint["channel_values"].get(channel)
-            if ancestor_value is not None and ancestor_value is not DELTA_SENTINEL:
-                collected.reverse()
-                return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=ancestor_value, writes=collected)
+                    ch = write[1]
+                    if ch in remaining:
+                        collected_by_ch[ch].append(write)
+            for ch in list(remaining):
+                if ch in tup.checkpoint["channel_values"]:
+                    seed_by_ch[ch] = tup.checkpoint["channel_values"][ch]
+                    remaining.discard(ch)
             cursor_config = tup.parent_config
-        collected.reverse()
-        return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=collected)
+        result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
+        for ch in channels:
+            entry: DeltaChannelHistory = {"writes": list(reversed(collected_by_ch[ch]))}
+            if ch in seed_by_ch:
+                entry["seed"] = seed_by_ch[ch]
+            result[ch] = entry
+        return result
+
+    async def aget_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Async version of `get_delta_channel_history`.
+
+        !!! warning "Beta"
+
+            This method is part of the `DeltaChannel` support surface and is
+            in beta. See `get_delta_channel_history` for caveats.
+        """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        collected_by_ch: dict[str, list[PendingWrite]] = {c: [] for c in channels}
+        seed_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        remaining: set[str] = set(channels)
+        target_tuple = await self.aget_tuple(config)
+        cursor_config: RunnableConfig | None = (
+            target_tuple.parent_config if target_tuple else None
+        )
+        while cursor_config is not None and remaining:
+            tup = await self.aget_tuple(cursor_config)
+            if tup is None:
+                break
+            if tup.pending_writes:
+                for write in reversed(tup.pending_writes):
+                    ch = write[1]
+                    if ch in remaining:
+                        collected_by_ch[ch].append(write)
+            for ch in list(remaining):
+                if ch in tup.checkpoint["channel_values"]:
+                    seed_by_ch[ch] = tup.checkpoint["channel_values"][ch]
+                    remaining.discard(ch)
+            cursor_config = tup.parent_config
+        result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
+        for ch in channels:
+            entry: DeltaChannelHistory = {"writes": list(reversed(collected_by_ch[ch]))}
+            if ch in seed_by_ch:
+                entry["seed"] = seed_by_ch[ch]
+            result[ch] = entry
+        return result
 
     def get_next_version(self, current: V | None, channel: None) -> V:
         """Generate the next version ID for a channel.

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/memory/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import pickle
 import random
 import shutil
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Sequence
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from contextlib import AbstractAsyncContextManager, AbstractContextManager, ExitStack
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
@@ -14,20 +14,18 @@ from typing import Any
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     WRITES_IDX_MAP,
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
     ChannelVersions,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     CheckpointTuple,
+    DeltaChannelHistory,
     PendingWrite,
     SerializerProtocol,
-    _ChannelWritesHistory,
     get_checkpoint_id,
     get_checkpoint_metadata,
 )
-from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -141,17 +139,31 @@ class InMemorySaver(
             result[k] = self.serde.loads_typed(vv)
         return result
 
-    def _get_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
+    def get_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        """Override: walk the parent chain ONCE for all requested channels.
+
+        Each channel terminates independently at the nearest ancestor
+        whose stored blob is non-empty. Other channels keep walking until
+        they find their own terminator or hit the root.
+
+        Pre-delta plain-value blobs subsume their ancestor's pending
+        writes (the value already includes them); `_DeltaSnapshot` blobs
+        do not (snapshot is the value AT that ancestor, prior to its own
+        pending writes that produce the child).
+        """
+        if not channels:
+            return {}
+        # Imported lazily to avoid a hard checkpoint→serde-types coupling at
+        # module import; only this override needs the runtime check.
+        from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+
         thread_id = config["configurable"]["thread_id"]
         checkpoint_ns = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_ns", "")
         checkpoint_id = config["configurable"].get("checkpoint_id", "")
         ns_storage = self.storage.get(thread_id, {}).get(checkpoint_ns, {})
-        # Walk the parent chain newest→oldest. Skip the target itself —
-        # writes stored AT `checkpoint_id` are pending for the next step
-        # (pregel applies them via `apply_writes`; they aren't part of the
-        # snapshot value AT `checkpoint_id`).
+
         chain: list[str] = []
         target_entry = ns_storage.get(checkpoint_id)
         current: str | None = target_entry[2] if target_entry is not None else None
@@ -162,77 +174,64 @@ class InMemorySaver(
             chain.append(current)
             _, _, parent = entry
             current = parent
-        # Scan newest→oldest. A pre-delta blob on an ancestor terminates the
-        # walk and is bound as `seed`; without this, a thread migrated from
-        # pre-delta storage would replay ancestor writes all the way to the
-        # root AND miss any value that lived only in the old blob (e.g. from
-        # `update_state`).
-        #
-        # At each ancestor, check the blob BEFORE processing its pending
-        # writes: a pre-delta blob represents the state AT that ancestor,
-        # which already subsumes any writes stored under it. Processing
-        # those writes first would fold them into the reconstructed value
-        # twice (once via the blob, once via replay).
-        collected: list[PendingWrite] = []  # newest first
-        for cp_id in chain:  # newest → oldest
+
+        collected_by_ch: dict[str, list[PendingWrite]] = {c: [] for c in channels}
+        seed_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        remaining: set[str] = set(channels)
+
+        for cp_id in chain:
+            if not remaining:
+                break
             entry = ns_storage.get(cp_id)
-            if entry is not None:
-                ckpt = self.serde.loads_typed(entry[0])
-                ver = ckpt.get("channel_versions", {}).get(channel)
-                if ver is not None:
-                    blob_entry = self.blobs.get(
-                        (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, channel, ver)
-                    )
-                    if blob_entry is not None and blob_entry[0] != "empty":
-                        blob_value = self.serde.loads_typed(blob_entry)
-                        if blob_value is not DELTA_SENTINEL:
-                            if isinstance(blob_value, _DeltaSnapshot):
-                                # Step-based snapshot: the blob is state AT this
-                                # ancestor, but the ancestor's pending_writes
-                                # encode the NEXT step's transition and are NOT
-                                # subsumed by the snapshot — collect them first.
-                                step_writes = self.writes.get(
-                                    (thread_id, checkpoint_ns, cp_id), {}
-                                )
-                                for (_task_id, _idx), (
-                                    tid,
-                                    ch,
-                                    serialized,
-                                    _,
-                                ) in sorted(step_writes.items(), reverse=True):
-                                    if ch != channel:
-                                        continue
-                                    collected.append(
-                                        (tid, ch, self.serde.loads_typed(serialized))
-                                    )
-                                collected.reverse()
-                                return _ChannelWritesHistory(
-                                    seed=blob_value, writes=collected
-                                )
-                            # Pre-delta blob: state AT this ancestor already
-                            # subsumes its pending_writes — skip them.
-                            collected.reverse()
-                            return _ChannelWritesHistory(
-                                seed=blob_value, writes=collected
-                            )
+            ckpt = self.serde.loads_typed(entry[0]) if entry is not None else None
+
+            terminated_here: set[str] = set()
+            blob_value_by_ch: dict[str, Any] = {}
+            if ckpt is not None:
+                versions = ckpt.get("channel_versions", {})
+                for ch in remaining:
+                    ver = versions.get(ch)
+                    if ver is None:
+                        continue
+                    blob_entry = self.blobs.get((thread_id, checkpoint_ns, ch, ver))
+                    if blob_entry is None or blob_entry[0] == "empty":
+                        continue
+                    blob_value_by_ch[ch] = self.serde.loads_typed(blob_entry)
+                    terminated_here.add(ch)
 
             step_writes = self.writes.get((thread_id, checkpoint_ns, cp_id), {})
-            # Within a superstep, sorted by (task_id, idx) = oldest → newest;
-            # reverse for newest-first scan.
             for (_task_id, _idx), (tid, ch, serialized, _) in sorted(
                 step_writes.items(), reverse=True
             ):
-                if ch != channel:
+                if ch not in remaining:
                     continue
-                val = self.serde.loads_typed(serialized)
-                collected.append((tid, ch, val))
-        collected.reverse()
-        return _ChannelWritesHistory(seed=DELTA_SENTINEL, writes=collected)
+                blob_value = blob_value_by_ch.get(ch)
+                if blob_value is not None and not isinstance(
+                    blob_value, _DeltaSnapshot
+                ):
+                    continue
+                collected_by_ch[ch].append(
+                    (tid, ch, self.serde.loads_typed(serialized))
+                )
 
-    async def _aget_channel_writes_history(
-        self, config: RunnableConfig, channel: str
-    ) -> _ChannelWritesHistory:
-        return self._get_channel_writes_history(config, channel)
+            for ch in terminated_here:
+                seed_by_ch[ch] = blob_value_by_ch[ch]
+                remaining.discard(ch)
+
+        result: dict[str, DeltaChannelHistory] = {}
+        for ch in channels:
+            entry_h: DeltaChannelHistory = {
+                "writes": list(reversed(collected_by_ch[ch]))
+            }
+            if ch in seed_by_ch:
+                entry_h["seed"] = seed_by_ch[ch]
+            result[ch] = entry_h
+        return result
+
+    async def aget_delta_channel_history(
+        self, *, config: RunnableConfig, channels: Sequence[str]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, DeltaChannelHistory]:
+        return self.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=channels)
 
     def get_tuple(self, config: RunnableConfig) -> CheckpointTuple | None:
         """Get a checkpoint tuple from the in-memory storage.

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/serde/jsonplus.py

@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ from langgraph.checkpoint.serde import _msgpack as _lg_msgpack
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.base import SerializerProtocol
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.event_hooks import emit_serde_event
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     SendProtocol,
-    _DeltaSentinel,
     _DeltaSnapshot,
 )
 from langgraph.store.base import Item
@@ -46,7 +44,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
         AllowedMsgpackModules,
     )
 
-LC_REVIVER = Reviver()
+LC_REVIVER = Reviver(allowed_objects="core")
 EMPTY_BYTES = b""
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -159,27 +157,6 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
             )
         return clone
 
-    def _encode_constructor_args(
-        self,
-        constructor: Callable | type[Any],
-        *,
-        method: None | str | Sequence[None | str] = None,
-        args: Sequence[Any] | None = None,
-        kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        out = {
-            "lc": 2,
-            "type": "constructor",
-            "id": (*constructor.__module__.split("."), constructor.__name__),
-        }
-        if method is not None:
-            out["method"] = method
-        if args is not None:
-            out["args"] = args
-        if kwargs is not None:
-            out["kwargs"] = kwargs
-        return out
-
     def _reviver(self, value: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
         if (
             value.get("lc", None) == 2
@@ -205,45 +182,46 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
         self._check_allowed_json_modules(value)
 
         [*module, name] = value["id"]
+        # The `method` field on lc:2 envelopes is intentionally ignored.
+        # Revival is restricted to the default constructor (no `getattr`
+        # dispatch on attacker-influenced names). The framework's own
+        # encoder has not emitted `method=` since the msgpack migration,
+        # and the only legacy emission was `method=(None, "construct")`
+        # for pydantic models, where the first entry (`None`) already
+        # meant "default constructor", which is what we do here.
         try:
             mod = importlib.import_module(".".join(module))
             cls = getattr(mod, name)
-            method = value.get("method")
-            if isinstance(method, str):
-                methods = [getattr(cls, method)]
-            elif isinstance(method, list):
-                methods = [cls if m is None else getattr(cls, m) for m in method]
-            else:
-                methods = [cls]
+            if isclass(cls) and issubclass(cls, BaseException):
+                return None
             args = value.get("args")
             kwargs = value.get("kwargs")
-            for method in methods:
-                try:
-                    if isclass(method) and issubclass(method, BaseException):
-                        return None
-                    if args and kwargs:
-                        return method(*args, **kwargs)
-                    elif args:
-                        return method(*args)
-                    elif kwargs:
-                        return method(**kwargs)
-                    else:
-                        return method()
-                except Exception:
-                    continue
-        except Exception:
+            if args and kwargs:
+                return cls(*args, **kwargs)
+            elif args:
+                return cls(*args)
+            elif kwargs:
+                return cls(**kwargs)
+            else:
+                return cls()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            # Method-field dispatch has been removed (GHSA-fjqc-hq36-qh5p), so
+            # legacy pydantic payloads emitting `method=[None, "construct"]`
+            # no longer fall back to `cls.construct(**kwargs)` when the
+            # default constructor rejects the serialized kwargs. Surface a
+            # one-line warning so operators can spot payloads that now revive
+            # to `None` instead of silently degrading to the raw envelope.
+            logger.warning(
+                "Failed to revive lc:2 envelope %s "
+                "(legacy_method_field=%s, error=%s); returning None",
+                ".".join((*module, name)),
+                "method" in value,
+                type(exc).__name__,
+            )
             return None
 
     def _check_allowed_json_modules(self, value: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
         needed = tuple(value["id"])
-        method = value.get("method")
-        if isinstance(method, list):
-            method_display = ",".join(m or "<init>" for m in method)
-        elif isinstance(method, str):
-            method_display = method
-        else:
-            method_display = "<init>"
-
         dotted = ".".join(needed)
         # Safe types (the same set already allowed for msgpack deserialization) are
         # permitted without an explicit allowlist — they are known-safe LangGraph and
@@ -254,7 +232,7 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
 
         if not self._allowed_json_modules:
             raise InvalidModuleError(
-                f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted} (method: {method_display}). "
+                f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted}. "
                 "No allowed_json_modules configured.\n\n"
                 "Unblock with ONE of:\n"
                 f"  • JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=[{needed!r}, ...])\n"
@@ -269,7 +247,7 @@ class JsonPlusSerializer(SerializerProtocol):
             return
 
         raise InvalidModuleError(
-            f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted} (method: {method_display}). "
+            f"Refused to deserialize JSON constructor: {dotted}. "
             "Symbol is not in the deserialization allowlist.\n\n"
             "Add exactly this symbol to unblock:\n"
             f"  JsonPlusSerializer(allowed_json_modules=[{needed!r}, ...])\n"
@@ -322,14 +300,11 @@ EXT_PYDANTIC_V1 = 4
 EXT_PYDANTIC_V2 = 5
 EXT_NUMPY_ARRAY = 6
 EXT_DELTA_SNAPSHOT = 7
-EXT_DELTA_SENTINEL = 8
 
 
 def _msgpack_default(obj: Any) -> str | ormsgpack.Ext:
     if isinstance(obj, _DeltaSnapshot):
         return ormsgpack.Ext(EXT_DELTA_SNAPSHOT, _msgpack_enc(obj.value))
-    elif isinstance(obj, _DeltaSentinel):
-        return ormsgpack.Ext(EXT_DELTA_SENTINEL, b"")
     elif hasattr(obj, "model_dump") and callable(obj.model_dump):  # pydantic v2
         return ormsgpack.Ext(
             EXT_PYDANTIC_V2,
@@ -656,9 +631,7 @@ def _create_msgpack_ext_hook(
         return False
 
     def ext_hook(code: int, data: bytes) -> Any:
-        if code == EXT_DELTA_SENTINEL:
-            return DELTA_SENTINEL
-        elif code == EXT_DELTA_SNAPSHOT:
+        if code == EXT_DELTA_SNAPSHOT:
             return _DeltaSnapshot(
                 ormsgpack.unpackb(
                     data, ext_hook=ext_hook, option=ormsgpack.OPT_NON_STR_KEYS

libs/checkpoint/langgraph/checkpoint/serde/types.py

@@ -16,30 +16,13 @@ RESUME = "__resume__"
 TASKS = "__pregel_tasks"
 
 
-class _DeltaSentinel:
-    """Singleton marker stored (as zero bytes) in checkpoint_blobs for a
-    DeltaChannel field. The actual per-step writes live in checkpoint_writes
-    and are replayed through the reducer at load time.
-
-    Compare with `is DELTA_SENTINEL` — `loads_typed` always returns the same
-    module-level instance.
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = ()
-
-    def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "DELTA_SENTINEL"
-
-
-DELTA_SENTINEL = _DeltaSentinel()
-
-
 class _DeltaSnapshot(NamedTuple):
     """Snapshot blob for a DeltaChannel with finite snapshot_frequency.
 
     Stored in checkpoint_blobs via the `EXT_DELTA_SNAPSHOT` msgpack ext code.
-    The ancestor walk in `_get_channel_writes_history` terminates when it
-    encounters this type (any non-sentinel blob stops the walk).
+    The ancestor walk in `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history` terminates
+    when it encounters this type (any non-empty channel_values entry stops
+    the walk for that channel).
 
     `from_checkpoint` reconstructs the channel value directly from `.value`
     without replaying writes — the snapshot IS the accumulated state.

libs/checkpoint/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint"
-version = "4.1.0a1"
+version = "4.1.1"
 description = "Library with base interfaces for LangGraph checkpoint savers."
 authors = []
 requires-python = ">=3.10"

libs/checkpoint/tests/test_conformance_delta.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+"""Run delta-channel conformance capabilities against InMemorySaver."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+conformance = pytest.importorskip(
+    "langgraph.checkpoint.conformance",
+    reason="langgraph-checkpoint-conformance not installed",
+)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_delta_channel_conformance():
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance import validate
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.conformance.initializer import checkpointer_test
+
+    from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
+
+    @checkpointer_test(name="InMemorySaver")
+    async def mem_saver():
+        yield InMemorySaver()
+
+    report = await validate(
+        mem_saver,
+        capabilities={
+            "delta_channel_history",
+        },
+    )
+    for cap, result in report.results.items():
+        if result.passed is False:
+            details = "\n".join(result.failures or [])
+            pytest.fail(f"Capability {cap} failed:\n{details}")

libs/checkpoint/tests/test_jsonplus.py

@@ -398,6 +398,193 @@ def test_deserde_invalid_module() -> None:
     serde.loads_typed(("json", json.dumps(load).encode("utf-8")))
 
 
+def test_lc2_json_method_field_is_ignored() -> None:
+    """The `method` field on lc=2 envelopes is ignored.
+
+    Regression test for GHSA-fjqc-hq36-qh5p: `_revive_lc2` previously resolved
+    `getattr(cls, method)` from the envelope, which let an attacker pivot a
+    safe pydantic class (e.g., AIMessage) to `parse_raw(..., allow_pickle=True)`
+    and reach `pickle.loads`. Revival now uses only the default constructor.
+
+    Verifies that an envelope carrying ``method="parse_raw"`` does not dispatch
+    to that method: the result is whatever ``AIMessage(*args, **kwargs)`` would
+    produce, which proves the default constructor ran instead of ``parse_raw``.
+    """
+    from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage
+
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        "method": "parse_raw",
+        "args": ["default-ctor-ran"],
+        "kwargs": {"content_type": "application/pickle", "allow_pickle": True},
+    }
+    result = serde._revive_lc2(load)
+    # Default constructor accepts `content` as first positional arg. If parse_raw
+    # had been invoked instead, it would have attempted JSON/pickle parsing and
+    # raised (or executed the pickle gadget); neither would produce this result.
+    assert isinstance(result, AIMessage)
+    assert result.content == "default-ctor-ran"
+
+
+def test_lc2_json_method_field_is_ignored_for_allowlisted_types() -> None:
+    """The `method` field is ignored even when the class is explicitly allowlisted.
+
+    A user who configures ``allowed_json_modules`` for a class no longer gets
+    method dispatch as a side effect. Revival is restricted to the default
+    constructor regardless of how the class reached the revival path.
+    """
+    from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage
+
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer(
+        allowed_json_modules=[("langchain_core.messages.ai", "AIMessage")]
+    )
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        "method": "parse_raw",
+        "args": ["default-ctor-ran"],
+    }
+    result = serde._revive_lc2(load)
+    assert isinstance(result, AIMessage)
+    assert result.content == "default-ctor-ran"
+
+
+def test_lc2_json_safe_type_init_still_works() -> None:
+    """SAFE-type lc=2 revival without a `method` field still constructs the class."""
+    from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage
+
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        "kwargs": {"content": "hi", "type": "ai"},
+    }
+    result = serde._revive_lc2(load)
+    assert isinstance(result, AIMessage)
+    assert result.content == "hi"
+
+
+def test_lc2_json_legacy_pydantic_method_list_falls_back_to_default() -> None:
+    """Legacy ``method=(None, "construct")`` envelopes still revive via the default ctor.
+
+    Pre-October-2025 langgraph emitted pydantic models with
+    ``method=(None, "construct")`` meaning "try default constructor, fall back
+    to pydantic ``construct``". The first entry (``None``) was always the
+    default constructor, which is what we now do unconditionally. Envelopes of
+    this shape continue to revive correctly as long as the default constructor
+    accepts the serialized kwargs.
+    """
+    from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage
+
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        "method": [None, "construct"],
+        "kwargs": {"content": "legacy", "type": "ai"},
+    }
+    result = serde._revive_lc2(load)
+    assert isinstance(result, AIMessage)
+    assert result.content == "legacy"
+
+
+def test_lc2_json_legacy_construct_payload_logs_warning_when_default_init_rejects(
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    """Legacy `method=[None, "construct"]` envelopes whose kwargs the default
+    `__init__` rejects now revive to `None` and emit an observable warning.
+
+    Pre-October-2025 langgraph emitted pydantic payloads with
+    `method=[None, "construct"]` so the reviver could fall back to
+    `cls.construct(**kwargs)` when the default constructor raised a
+    validation error. That fallback was removed with method-field dispatch
+    (GHSA-fjqc-hq36-qh5p), so these payloads now silently fail validation. A
+    `logger.warning` makes the regression observable to operators instead of
+    letting the envelope quietly degrade to its raw-dict form.
+    """
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    load = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        # Legacy two-entry method tuple: try default ctor, fall back to construct.
+        "method": [None, "construct"],
+        # ``type="not-a-real-message-type"`` fails AIMessage's Literal["ai"]
+        # validator under the default constructor. Before the GHSA patch this
+        # would have fallen back to ``cls.construct(**kwargs)``; now it must
+        # return None and log.
+        "kwargs": {"content": "legacy", "type": "not-a-real-message-type"},
+    }
+
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger="langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus"):
+        result = serde._revive_lc2(load)
+
+    assert result is None, (
+        "Legacy method=[None, 'construct'] payloads with kwargs the default "
+        "ctor rejects must now return None (no construct() fallback)."
+    )
+
+    matching = [
+        r
+        for r in caplog.records
+        if r.name == "langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus"
+        and r.levelno == logging.WARNING
+        and "langchain_core.messages.ai.AIMessage" in r.getMessage()
+        and "legacy_method_field=True" in r.getMessage()
+    ]
+    assert matching, (
+        "Expected a WARNING from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus "
+        "referencing the class id and legacy_method_field=True; "
+        f"got records: {[(r.name, r.levelname, r.getMessage()) for r in caplog.records]}"
+    )
+
+
+def test_lc2_json_safe_type_pickle_payload_does_not_execute() -> None:
+    """End-to-end: a `parse_raw` pickle gadget payload on a SAFE type must not run.
+
+    With method dispatch removed from `_revive_lc2`, the gadget bytes are never
+    passed to `parse_raw` and therefore never reach `pickle.loads`.
+    """
+    import os
+    import pickle
+    import tempfile
+
+    marker = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
+        prefix="lc2_block_proof_", suffix=".out", delete=False
+    ).name
+    os.remove(marker)  # ensure absent before the test runs
+
+    class _Gadget:
+        def __reduce__(self) -> tuple:
+            return (os.system, (f"touch {marker}",))
+
+    gadget_bytes = pickle.dumps(_Gadget(), protocol=0).decode("latin1")
+    envelope = {
+        "lc": 2,
+        "type": "constructor",
+        "id": ["langchain_core", "messages", "ai", "AIMessage"],
+        "method": "parse_raw",
+        "args": [gadget_bytes],
+        "kwargs": {"content_type": "application/pickle", "allow_pickle": True},
+    }
+
+    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
+    try:
+        serde.loads_typed(("json", json.dumps(envelope).encode()))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    assert not os.path.exists(marker), (
+        "Pickle gadget executed via parse_raw on AIMessage lc=2 envelope"
+    )
+
+
 def test_serde_jsonplus_bytearray() -> None:
     serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
 
@@ -1048,15 +1235,3 @@ def test_msgpack_nested_pydantic_serializes_as_dict(
     # No blocking should occur - inner is serialized as dict, not ext
     assert "blocked" not in caplog.text.lower()
     assert result == obj
-
-
-def test_delta_sentinel_serde_round_trip() -> None:
-    from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DELTA_SENTINEL
-    from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.jsonplus import JsonPlusSerializer
-
-    serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
-    type_tag, blob = serde.dumps_typed(DELTA_SENTINEL)
-    assert type_tag == "msgpack"
-    assert blob  # non-empty ext envelope
-    loaded = serde.loads_typed((type_tag, blob))
-    assert loaded is DELTA_SENTINEL

libs/checkpoint/tests/test_memory.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
     create_checkpoint,
@@ -322,31 +321,27 @@ def test_memory_saver_with_allowlist_proxy_isolated() -> None:
 
 
 class TestInMemorySaverDeltaChannel:
-    def test_load_blobs_returns_sentinel_for_delta_channel(self) -> None:
-        """_load_blobs returns DELTA_SENTINEL for delta channels (reconstruction deferred)."""
+    def test_load_blobs_omits_delta_channel(self) -> None:
+        """_load_blobs omits delta channels (stored as 'empty'); reconstruction deferred."""
         saver = InMemorySaver()
-        serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
 
         thread_id, ns, channel = "t1", "", "messages"
         v1 = "00000000000000000000000000000001.0000000000000000"
 
-        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v1)] = serde.dumps_typed(DELTA_SENTINEL)
-
-        cp1 = empty_checkpoint()
-        cp1["id"] = "cp1"
-        cp1["channel_versions"][channel] = v1
-        saver.storage[thread_id][ns] = {
-            "cp1": (serde.dumps_typed(cp1), serde.dumps_typed({}), None),
-        }
+        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v1)] = ("empty", b"")
 
         result = saver._load_blobs(thread_id, ns, {channel: v1})
-        assert channel in result
-        assert result[channel] is DELTA_SENTINEL
+        assert channel not in result
 
     def test_get_channel_writes_collects_ancestor_writes_only(self) -> None:
-        """_get_channel_writes_history collects ancestor writes oldest→newest,
-        and excludes writes stored at the target checkpoint itself (those are
-        pending writes for the next step, applied separately by pregel)."""
+        """`get_delta_channel_history` collects ancestor writes oldest→newest, and
+        excludes writes stored at the target checkpoint itself (those are
+        pending writes for the next step, applied separately by pregel).
+
+        When the walk reaches the root without finding any stored value for
+        the channel, the per-channel entry has no `seed` key (TypedDict
+        absence indicates "start empty").
+        """
         saver = InMemorySaver()
         serde = JsonPlusSerializer()
 
@@ -384,9 +379,12 @@ class TestInMemorySaverDeltaChannel:
                 "checkpoint_id": "cp2",
             }
         }
-        result = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, channel)
-        assert result.seed is DELTA_SENTINEL
-        values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[channel])[
+            channel
+        ]
+        # Walk reached the root without finding a stored value → no `seed` key.
+        assert "seed" not in result
+        values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
         assert values == [{"content": "hi"}]
 
     def test_get_channel_writes_at_root_returns_empty(self) -> None:
@@ -414,15 +412,18 @@ class TestInMemorySaverDeltaChannel:
                 "checkpoint_id": "cp1",
             }
         }
-        result = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, channel)
-        assert result.seed is DELTA_SENTINEL
-        assert result.writes == []
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[channel])[
+            channel
+        ]
+        # No ancestors → no seed found, no writes accumulated.
+        assert "seed" not in result
+        assert result["writes"] == []
 
 
 class TestBaseFallbackGetChannelWrites:
-    """Exercises the `BaseCheckpointSaver._get_channel_writes_history` default
+    """Exercises the `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history` default
     implementation — the path third-party savers inherit when they don't
-    override `_get_channel_writes_history` themselves.
+    override `get_delta_channel_history` themselves.
 
     Regression guard for a bug where the fallback passed the caller's config
     (with `checkpoint_id`) straight to `self.list()`, which most savers
@@ -438,11 +439,11 @@ class TestBaseFallbackGetChannelWrites:
         """
 
         class _ThirdPartyStyleSaver(InMemorySaver):
-            _get_channel_writes_history = (
-                InMemorySaver.__mro__[1]._get_channel_writes_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            get_delta_channel_history = (
+                InMemorySaver.__mro__[1].get_delta_channel_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
             )
-            _aget_channel_writes_history = (
-                InMemorySaver.__mro__[1]._aget_channel_writes_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            aget_delta_channel_history = (
+                InMemorySaver.__mro__[1].aget_delta_channel_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
             )
 
         saver = _ThirdPartyStyleSaver()
@@ -486,10 +487,13 @@ class TestBaseFallbackGetChannelWrites:
             }
         }
 
-        result = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, "messages")
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=["messages"])[
+            "messages"
+        ]
 
-        assert result.seed is DELTA_SENTINEL
-        values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        # Walk reached root without a stored value → `seed` key absent.
+        assert "seed" not in result
+        values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
         assert values == [{"content": "first"}, {"content": "second"}]
 
     async def test_async_fallback_returns_ancestor_writes_oldest_first(self) -> None:
@@ -503,17 +507,19 @@ class TestBaseFallbackGetChannelWrites:
             }
         }
 
-        result = await saver._aget_channel_writes_history(config, "messages")
+        result = (
+            await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=["messages"])
+        )["messages"]
 
-        assert result.seed is DELTA_SENTINEL
-        values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        assert "seed" not in result
+        values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
         assert values == [{"content": "first"}, {"content": "second"}]
 
     async def test_async_fallback_concurrent_tasks_do_not_interfere(self) -> None:
         """Regression: the re-entrancy guard must be task-local, not thread-local.
 
-        Two concurrent `_aget_channel_writes_history` calls on the same
-        event-loop thread must each see their full reconstructed writes. A
+        Two concurrent `aget_delta_channel_history` calls on the same event-loop
+        thread must each see their full reconstructed writes. A
         `threading.local()` guard would let whichever task set it first
         short-circuit the other to `writes=[]`.
         """
@@ -542,27 +548,32 @@ class TestBaseFallbackGetChannelWrites:
         }
 
         results = await asyncio.gather(
-            saver._aget_channel_writes_history(config, "messages"),
-            saver._aget_channel_writes_history(config, "messages"),
+            saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=["messages"]),
+            saver.aget_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=["messages"]),
         )
 
         expected_values = [{"content": "first"}, {"content": "second"}]
-        for result in results:
-            assert result.seed is DELTA_SENTINEL
-            values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        for result_map in results:
+            result = result_map["messages"]
+            assert "seed" not in result
+            values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
             assert values == expected_values
 
 
 class TestPreDeltaBlobTerminator:
     """Verify the pre-delta blob terminator: when the ancestor walk hits a
-    checkpoint whose blob for the channel is a real value (not
-    DELTA_SENTINEL), reconstruction seeds from it and stops. This guards
+    checkpoint whose blob for the channel is a real value, reconstruction
+    seeds from it and stops. This guards
 
       * back-compat: a thread written by pre-delta code, then extended under
         delta — reconstruction must return the correct value without walking
         past the last pre-delta ancestor;
       * perf: without the terminator, every reconstruct-after-migration would
         walk all the way to the thread root.
+
+    Under the new public API a found seed populates `seed` in the
+    `DeltaChannelHistory` TypedDict; absence of the `seed` key means the walk
+    reached root without finding a stored value.
     """
 
     def _build_mixed_thread(self) -> tuple[InMemorySaver, str, str, str, str]:
@@ -582,9 +593,9 @@ class TestPreDeltaBlobTerminator:
 
         # Pre-delta: cp1 stored a real blob for the channel.
         saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v1)] = serde.dumps_typed(["A"])
-        # Delta-era: cp2 and cp3 store sentinels; real writes in checkpoint_writes.
-        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v2)] = serde.dumps_typed(DELTA_SENTINEL)
-        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v3)] = serde.dumps_typed(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+        # Delta-era: cp2 and cp3 store "empty"; real writes in checkpoint_writes.
+        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v2)] = ("empty", b"")
+        saver.blobs[(thread_id, ns, channel, v3)] = ("empty", b"")
 
         cp1 = empty_checkpoint()
         cp1["id"] = "cp1"
@@ -634,14 +645,16 @@ class TestPreDeltaBlobTerminator:
             }
         }
 
-        result = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, channel)
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[channel])[
+            channel
+        ]
 
         # Seed came from the pre-delta blob at cp1.
-        assert result.seed == ["A"]
+        assert result["seed"] == ["A"]
         # Delta-era writes from cp2 replay through the reducer on top of seed.
         # cp3 is the target — its own write is pending for the NEXT step and
         # must be excluded.
-        values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
         assert values == ["B"]
 
     def test_pre_delta_blob_terminates_walk_before_older_writes(self) -> None:
@@ -656,9 +669,11 @@ class TestPreDeltaBlobTerminator:
             }
         }
 
-        result = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, channel)
+        result = saver.get_delta_channel_history(config=config, channels=[channel])[
+            channel
+        ]
 
-        values = [v for _, _, v in result.writes]
+        values = [v for _, _, v in result["writes"]]
         # The pre-delta write under cp1 must not appear (the blob subsumes it).
         assert "PRE-DELTA-WRITE" not in values
         # And the pending write at the target is never folded in.

libs/checkpoint/uv.lock

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ version = 1
 revision = 3
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 resolution-markers = [
-    "python_full_version >= '3.12'",
+    "python_full_version >= '3.15'",
+    "python_full_version >= '3.12' and python_full_version < '3.15'",
     "python_full_version == '3.11.*'",
     "python_full_version < '3.11'",
 ]
@@ -228,11 +229,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "idna"
-version = "3.11"
+version = "3.15"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6f/6d/0703ccc57f3a7233505399edb88de3cbd678da106337b9fcde432b65ed60/idna-3.11.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:795dafcc9c04ed0c1fb032c2aa73654d8e8c5023a7df64a53f39190ada629902", size = 194582, upload-time = "2025-10-12T14:55:20.501Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/82/77/7b3966d0b9d1d31a36ddf1746926a11dface89a83409bf1483f0237aa758/idna-3.15.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ca962446ea538f7092a95e057da437618e886f4d349216d2b1e294abfdb65fdc", size = 199245, upload-time = "2026-05-12T22:45:57.011Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0e/61/66938bbb5fc52dbdf84594873d5b51fb1f7c7794e9c0f5bd885f30bc507b/idna-3.11-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:771a87f49d9defaf64091e6e6fe9c18d4833f140bd19464795bc32d966ca37ea", size = 71008, upload-time = "2025-10-12T14:55:18.883Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d2/23/408243171aa9aaba178d3e2559159c24c1171a641aa83b67bdd3394ead8e/idna-3.15-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:048adeaf8c2d788c40fee287673ccaa74c24ffd8dcf09ffa555a2fbb59f10ac8", size = 72340, upload-time = "2026-05-12T22:45:55.733Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -267,10 +268,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langchain-core"
-version = "1.2.28"
+version = "1.3.3"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "jsonpatch" },
+    { name = "langchain-protocol" },
     { name = "langsmith" },
     { name = "packaging" },
     { name = "pydantic" },
@@ -279,14 +281,26 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "typing-extensions" },
     { name = "uuid-utils" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f8/a4/317a1a3ac1df33a64adb3670bf88bbe3b3d5baa274db6863a979db472897/langchain_core-1.2.28.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:271a3d8bd618f795fdeba112b0753980457fc90537c46a0c11998516a74dc2cb", size = 846119, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:34.867Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d3/ae/8b74458fc3850ec3d150eb9f45e857db129dafa801fb5cf173dfc9f8bbf3/langchain_core-1.3.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:fa510a5db8efdc0c6ff41c0939fb5c00a0183c11f6b84233e892e3227ff69182", size = 915041, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:36.612Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/92/32f785f077c7e898da97064f113c73fbd9ad55d1e2169cf3a391b183dedb/langchain_core-1.2.28-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:80764232581eaf8057bcefa71dbf8adc1f6a28d257ebd8b95ba9b8b452e8c6ac", size = 508727, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:32.823Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/01/4771b7ab2af1d1aba5b710bd8f13d9225c609425214b357590a17b01be77/langchain_core-1.3.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:18aae8506f37da7f74398492279a7d6efcee4f8e23c4c41c7af080eeb7ef7bd1", size = 543857, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:34.52Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "langchain-protocol"
+version = "0.0.15"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "typing-extensions" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/24/9777489d6fbbee64af0c8f96d4f840239c408cf694f3394672807dafc490/langchain_protocol-0.0.15.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9ab2d11ee73944754f10e037e717098d3a6796f0e58afa9cadda6154e7655ade", size = 5862, upload-time = "2026-05-01T22:30:04.748Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/7a/9c97a7b9cbe4c5dc6a44cdb1545450c28f0c8ce89b9c1f0ee7fbad896263/langchain_protocol-0.0.15-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:461eb794358f83d5e42635a5797799ffec7b4702314e34edf73ac21e75d3ef79", size = 6982, upload-time = "2026-05-01T22:30:03.877Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langgraph-checkpoint"
-version = "4.1.0a1"
+version = "4.1.1"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "langchain-core" },
@@ -369,7 +383,7 @@ test = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langsmith"
-version = "0.7.31"
+version = "0.8.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "httpx" },
@@ -382,9 +396,9 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "xxhash" },
     { name = "zstandard" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e6/11/696019490992db5c87774dc20515529ef42a01e1d770fb754ed6d9b12fb0/langsmith-0.7.31.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:331ee4f7c26bb5be4022b9859b7d7b122cbf8c9d01d9f530114c1914b0349ffb", size = 1178480, upload-time = "2026-04-14T17:55:41.242Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/64/95f1f013531395f4e8ed73caeee780f65c7c58fe028cb543f8937b45611b/langsmith-0.8.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:59fe5b2a56bbbe14a08aa76691f84b49e8675dd21e11b57d80c6db8c08bac2e3", size = 4432996, upload-time = "2026-04-30T22:13:07.341Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/a1/a013cf458c301cda86a213dd153ce0a01c93f1ab5833f951e6a44c9763ce/langsmith-0.7.31-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0291d49203f6e80dda011af1afda61eb0595a4d697adb684590a8805e1d61fb6", size = 373276, upload-time = "2026-04-14T17:55:39.677Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f3/e1/a4be2e696c9473bb53298df398237da5674704d781d4b748ed35aeef592a/langsmith-0.8.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:12cc4bc5622b835a6d841964d6034df3617bdb912dae0c1381fd0a68a9b3a3ef", size = 393268, upload-time = "2026-04-30T22:13:05.56Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -486,7 +500,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mypy"
-version = "1.20.0"
+version = "1.20.2"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "librt", marker = "platform_python_implementation != 'PyPy'" },
@@ -495,51 +509,51 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "tomli", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
     { name = "typing-extensions" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f8/5c/b0089fe7fef0a994ae5ee07029ced0526082c6cfaaa4c10d40a10e33b097/mypy-1.20.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:eb96c84efcc33f0b5e0e04beacf00129dd963b67226b01c00b9dfc8affb464c3", size = 3815028, upload-time = "2026-03-31T16:55:14.959Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/04/af/e3d4b3e9ec91a0ff9aabfdb38692952acf49bbb899c2e4c29acb3a6da3ae/mypy-1.20.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e8222c26daaafd9e8626dec58ae36029f82585890589576f769a650dd20fd665", size = 3817349, upload-time = "2026-04-21T17:12:28.473Z" }
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 [[package]]
@@ -1448,11 +1463,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "urllib3"
-version = "2.6.3"
+version = "2.7.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
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+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/53/0c/06f8b233b8fd13b9e5ee11424ef85419ba0d8ba0b3138bf360be2ff56953/urllib3-2.7.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:231e0ec3b63ceb14667c67be60f2f2c40a518cb38b03af60abc813da26505f4c", size = 433602, upload-time = "2026-05-07T16:13:18.596Z" }
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+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7f/3e/5db95bcf282c52709639744ca2a8b149baccf648e39c8cc87553df9eae0c/urllib3-2.7.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:9fb4c81ebbb1ce9531cce37674bbc6f1360472bc18ca9a553ede278ef7276897", size = 131087, upload-time = "2026-05-07T16:13:17.151Z" },
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 [[package]]

libs/cli/js-examples/package.json

@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@
     "test:all": "yarn test && yarn test:int && yarn lint:langgraph"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@langchain/core": "^1.1.38",
-    "@langchain/langgraph": "^1.2.6"
+    "@langchain/core": "^1.1.42",
+    "@langchain/langgraph": "^1.2.9"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.3.5",
     "@eslint/js": "^10.0.1",
     "@tsconfig/recommended": "^1.0.13",
     "@types/jest": "^30.0.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.58.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.58.0",
-    "dotenv": "^17.3.1",
-    "eslint": "^10.1.0",
+    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.59.1",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.59.1",
+    "dotenv": "^17.4.2",
+    "eslint": "^10.2.1",
     "eslint-config-prettier": "^10.1.8",
     "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.32.0",
     "eslint-plugin-no-instanceof": "^1.0.1",
     "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.5.5",
     "jest": "^30.3.0",
-    "prettier": "^3.8.1",
-    "ts-jest": "^29.4.6",
+    "prettier": "^3.8.3",
+    "ts-jest": "^29.4.9",
     "typescript": "^5.9.3"
   }
 }

libs/cli/js-examples/yarn.lock

@@ -474,26 +474,26 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint-community/regexpp/-/regexpp-4.12.2.tgz#bccdf615bcf7b6e8db830ec0b8d21c9a25de597b"
   integrity sha512-EriSTlt5OC9/7SXkRSCAhfSxxoSUgBm33OH+IkwbdpgoqsSsUg7y3uh+IICI/Qg4BBWr3U2i39RpmycbxMq4ew==
 
-"@eslint/config-array@^0.23.3":
-  version "0.23.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.23.3.tgz#3f4a93dd546169c09130cbd10f2415b13a20a219"
-  integrity sha512-j+eEWmB6YYLwcNOdlwQ6L2OsptI/LO6lNBuLIqe5R7RetD658HLoF+Mn7LzYmAWWNNzdC6cqP+L6r8ujeYXWLw==
+"@eslint/config-array@^0.23.5":
+  version "0.23.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.23.5.tgz#56e86d243049195d8acc0c06a1b3dfdc3fa3de95"
+  integrity sha512-Y3kKLvC1dvTOT+oGlqNQ1XLqK6D1HU2YXPc52NmAlJZbMMWDzGYXMiPRJ8TYD39muD/OTjlZmNJ4ib7dvSrMBA==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/object-schema" "^3.0.3"
+    "@eslint/object-schema" "^3.0.5"
     debug "^4.3.1"
     minimatch "^10.2.4"
 
-"@eslint/config-helpers@^0.5.3":
-  version "0.5.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-helpers/-/config-helpers-0.5.3.tgz#721fe6bbb90d74b0c80d6ff2428e5bbcb002becb"
-  integrity sha512-lzGN0onllOZCGroKJmRwY6QcEHxbjBw1gwB8SgRSqK8YbbtEXMvKynsXc3553ckIEBxsbMBU7oOZXKIPGZNeZw==
+"@eslint/config-helpers@^0.5.5":
+  version "0.5.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-helpers/-/config-helpers-0.5.5.tgz#ae16134e4792ac5fbdc533548a24ac1ea9f7f3ae"
+  integrity sha512-eIJYKTCECbP/nsKaaruF6LW967mtbQbsw4JTtSVkUQc9MneSkbrgPJAbKl9nWr0ZeowV8BfsarBmPpBzGelA2w==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
 
-"@eslint/core@^1.1.1":
-  version "1.1.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/core/-/core-1.1.1.tgz#450f3d2be2d463ccd51119544092256b4e88df32"
-  integrity sha512-QUPblTtE51/7/Zhfv8BDwO0qkkzQL7P/aWWbqcf4xWLEYn1oKjdO0gglQBB4GAsu7u6wjijbCmzsUTy6mnk6oQ==
+"@eslint/core@^1.2.1":
+  version "1.2.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/core/-/core-1.2.1.tgz#c1da7cd1b82fa8787f98b5629fb811848a1b63ce"
+  integrity sha512-MwcE1P+AZ4C6DWlpin/OmOA54mmIZ/+xZuJiQd4SyB29oAJjN30UW9wkKNptW2ctp4cEsvhlLY/CsQ1uoHDloQ==
   dependencies:
     "@types/json-schema" "^7.0.15"
 
@@ -517,17 +517,17 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/js/-/js-10.0.1.tgz#1e8a876f50117af8ab67e47d5ad94d38d6622583"
   integrity sha512-zeR9k5pd4gxjZ0abRoIaxdc7I3nDktoXZk2qOv9gCNWx3mVwEn32VRhyLaRsDiJjTs0xq/T8mfPtyuXu7GWBcA==
 
-"@eslint/object-schema@^3.0.3":
-  version "3.0.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/object-schema/-/object-schema-3.0.3.tgz#5bf671e52e382e4adc47a9906f2699374637db6b"
-  integrity sha512-iM869Pugn9Nsxbh/YHRqYiqd23AmIbxJOcpUMOuWCVNdoQJ5ZtwL6h3t0bcZzJUlC3Dq9jCFCESBZnX0GTv7iQ==
+"@eslint/object-schema@^3.0.5":
+  version "3.0.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/object-schema/-/object-schema-3.0.5.tgz#88e9bf4d11d2b19c082e78ebe7ce88724a5eb091"
+  integrity sha512-vqTaUEgxzm+YDSdElad6PiRoX4t8VGDjCtt05zn4nU810UIx/uNEV7/lZJ6KwFThKZOzOxzXy48da+No7HZaMw==
 
-"@eslint/plugin-kit@^0.6.1":
-  version "0.6.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/plugin-kit/-/plugin-kit-0.6.1.tgz#eb9e6689b56ce8bc1855bb33090e63f3fc115e8e"
-  integrity sha512-iH1B076HoAshH1mLpHMgwdGeTs0CYwL0SPMkGuSebZrwBp16v415e9NZXg2jtrqPVQjf6IANe2Vtlr5KswtcZQ==
+"@eslint/plugin-kit@^0.7.1":
+  version "0.7.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/plugin-kit/-/plugin-kit-0.7.1.tgz#c4125fd015eceeb09b793109fdbcd4dd0a02d346"
+  integrity sha512-rZAP3aVgB9ds9KOeUSL+zZ21hPmo8dh6fnIFwRQj5EAZl9gzR7wxYbYXYysAM8CTqGmUGyp2S4kUdV17MnGuWQ==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
     levn "^0.4.1"
 
 "@humanfs/core@^0.19.1":
@@ -890,10 +890,10 @@
     "@jridgewell/resolve-uri" "^3.1.0"
     "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec" "^1.4.14"
 
-"@langchain/core@^1.1.38":
-  version "1.1.38"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/core/-/core-1.1.38.tgz#b5939b2e77af408771c9bb95bf56a5ad8183313e"
-  integrity sha512-C340wH1YL10CiVOFlEpQMp0zQE85/eBLKX/gi1Lv7shAyUmR3CQ0t/mXlCd5RsZa6ntAN1kDJnp64ArWey9XAA==
+"@langchain/core@^1.1.42":
+  version "1.1.42"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/core/-/core-1.1.42.tgz#607bfd34c1414c9cbeb2859fda1b254a14c28085"
+  integrity sha512-d0tN96BrwPMryYyWR9VfyAntSivn7EQrZCe5Kpxum93tcjTXbKKmKvItFec8AluQt88iTcmAJrahUZUNfzGwTA==
   dependencies:
     "@cfworker/json-schema" "^4.0.2"
     "@standard-schema/spec" "^1.1.0"
@@ -904,7 +904,6 @@
     langsmith ">=0.5.0 <1.0.0"
     mustache "^4.2.0"
     p-queue "^6.6.2"
-    uuid "^11.1.0"
     zod "^3.25.76 || ^4"
 
 "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint@^1.0.1":
@@ -914,23 +913,23 @@
   dependencies:
     uuid "^10.0.0"
 
-"@langchain/langgraph-sdk@~1.8.1":
-  version "1.8.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph-sdk/-/langgraph-sdk-1.8.3.tgz#deedc9bddd863693c6ab5f3a74058548b040377d"
-  integrity sha512-Py0S5yVtlOHz410aEsSGLRKjtsK2giDvfPS1JjAjTdcs71khuJufFtUZFwmwdJCbsG4DaGurRLHOAJu9jO4a0g==
+"@langchain/langgraph-sdk@~1.8.9":
+  version "1.8.10"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph-sdk/-/langgraph-sdk-1.8.10.tgz#bd175cda1ab629845ef28b22b45f3bdd1f65b029"
+  integrity sha512-wrB3rkRw5KAmsqezwvKP3midT4qJrV6Hj9XJMYo+cbvXC4HYpSAmyY/VriSyeTFRbLG/OP/pY2Yz+9Z54nSaXQ==
   dependencies:
     "@types/json-schema" "^7.0.15"
     p-queue "^9.0.1"
     p-retry "^7.1.1"
     uuid "^13.0.0"
 
-"@langchain/langgraph@^1.2.6":
-  version "1.2.6"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph/-/langgraph-1.2.6.tgz#e6a578f96fbbc1c54ba78e0298884671dad5d195"
-  integrity sha512-5cX402dNGN6w9+0mlMU2dgUiKx6Y1tlENp7x05e9ByDbQCHSDc0kyqRWNFLGc7vatQ92S4ylxQrcCJvi8Fr4SQ==
+"@langchain/langgraph@^1.2.9":
+  version "1.2.9"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph/-/langgraph-1.2.9.tgz#4f0ba159062c3649c83cf5f621ef926b96933e32"
+  integrity sha512-3c7BtGycHC2v9p6w/Hv8L7kEl1YnZYOQTDJtmAp3knk6JOedO7d2bYP3y0SRyhv5orUEGf/KGvx8ZsB/ideP7g==
   dependencies:
     "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint" "^1.0.1"
-    "@langchain/langgraph-sdk" "~1.8.1"
+    "@langchain/langgraph-sdk" "~1.8.9"
     "@standard-schema/spec" "1.1.0"
     uuid "^10.0.0"
 
@@ -1098,100 +1097,100 @@
   dependencies:
     "@types/yargs-parser" "*"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin/-/eslint-plugin-8.58.0.tgz#ad40e492f1931f46da1bd888e52b9e56df9063aa"
-  integrity sha512-RLkVSiNuUP1C2ROIWfqX+YcUfLaSnxGE/8M+Y57lopVwg9VTYYfhuz15Yf1IzCKgZj6/rIbYTmJCUSqr76r0Wg==
+"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin/-/eslint-plugin-8.59.1.tgz#781bc6f9002982cfaf75a185240e24ad7276628a"
+  integrity sha512-BOziFIfE+6osHO9FoJG4zjoHUcvI7fTNBSpdAwrNH0/TLvzjsk2oo8XSSOT2HhqUyhZPfHv4UOffoJ9oEEQ7Ag==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/regexpp" "^4.12.2"
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/type-utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/type-utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     ignore "^7.0.5"
     natural-compare "^1.4.0"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/parser@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/parser/-/parser-8.58.0.tgz#da04ece1967b6c2fe8f10c3473dabf3825795ef7"
-  integrity sha512-rLoGZIf9afaRBYsPUMtvkDWykwXwUPL60HebR4JgTI8mxfFe2cQTu3AGitANp4b9B2QlVru6WzjgB2IzJKiCSA==
+"@typescript-eslint/parser@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/parser/-/parser-8.59.1.tgz#835d20a62350659a082a1ae2a60b822c40488905"
+  integrity sha512-HDQH9O/47Dxi1ceDhBXdaldtf/WV9yRYMjbjCuNk3qnaTD564qwv61Y7+gTxwxRKzSrgO5uhtw584igXVuuZkA==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/project-service/-/project-service-8.58.0.tgz#66ceda0aabf7427aec3e2713fa43eb278dead2aa"
-  integrity sha512-8Q/wBPWLQP1j16NxoPNIKpDZFMaxl7yWIoqXWYeWO+Bbd2mjgvoF0dxP2jKZg5+x49rgKdf7Ck473M8PC3V9lg==
+"@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/project-service/-/project-service-8.59.1.tgz#49efe87c37ef84262f23df8bf62fdc56698ca6fe"
+  integrity sha512-+MuHQlHiEr00Of/IQbE/MmEoi44znZHbR/Pz7Opq4HryUOlRi+/44dro9Ycy8Fyo+/024IWtw8m4JUMCGTYxDg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "^8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "^8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "^8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "^8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/scope-manager/-/scope-manager-8.58.0.tgz#e304142775e49a1b7ac3c8bf2536714447c72cab"
-  integrity sha512-W1Lur1oF50FxSnNdGp3Vs6P+yBRSmZiw4IIjEeYxd8UQJwhUF0gDgDD/W/Tgmh73mxgEU3qX0Bzdl/NGuSPEpQ==
+"@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/scope-manager/-/scope-manager-8.59.1.tgz#ed90d054fc3db2d0c81464db3a953a94fb85bb58"
+  integrity sha512-LwuHQI4pDOYVKvmH2dkaJo6YZCSgouVgnS/z7yBPKBMvgtBvyLqiLy9Z6b7+m/TRcX1NFYUqZetI5Y+aT4GEfg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.58.0", "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils/-/tsconfig-utils-8.58.0.tgz#c5a8edb21f31e0fdee565724e1b984171c559482"
-  integrity sha512-doNSZEVJsWEu4htiVC+PR6NpM+pa+a4ClH9INRWOWCUzMst/VA9c4gXq92F8GUD1rwhNvRLkgjfYtFXegXQF7A==
+"@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.59.1", "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils/-/tsconfig-utils-8.59.1.tgz#ba2a779a444f1d5cb92a606f9b209d239fd4cab1"
+  integrity sha512-/0nEyPbX7gRsk0Uwfe4ALwwgxuA66d/l2mhRDNlAvaj4U3juhUtJNq0DsY8M2AYwwb9rEq2hrC3IcIcEt++iJA==
 
-"@typescript-eslint/type-utils@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/type-utils/-/type-utils-8.58.0.tgz#ce0e72cd967ffbbe8de322db6089bd4374be352f"
-  integrity sha512-aGsCQImkDIqMyx1u4PrVlbi/krmDsQUs4zAcCV6M7yPcPev+RqVlndsJy9kJ8TLihW9TZ0kbDAzctpLn5o+lOg==
+"@typescript-eslint/type-utils@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/type-utils/-/type-utils-8.59.1.tgz#9c83d3f2ed9187a815e8120f72c08317e513e409"
+  integrity sha512-klWPBR2ciQHS3f++ug/mVnWKPjBUo7icEL3FAO1lhAR1Z1i5NQYZ1EannMSRYcq5qCv5wNALlXr6fksRHyYl7w==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/types@8.58.0", "@typescript-eslint/types@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-8.58.0.tgz#e94ae7abdc1c6530e71183c1007b61fa93112a5a"
-  integrity sha512-O9CjxypDT89fbHxRfETNoAnHj/i6IpRK0CvbVN3qibxlLdo5p5hcLmUuCCrHMpxiWSwKyI8mCP7qRNYuOJ0Uww==
+"@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.1", "@typescript-eslint/types@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-8.59.1.tgz#c1d014d3f03a97e0113a8899fc9d4e45a7fb0ca9"
+  integrity sha512-ZDCjgccSdYPw5Bxh+my4Z0lJU96ZDN7jbBzvmEn0FZx3RtU1C7VWl6NbDx94bwY3V5YsgwRzJPOgeY2Q/nLG8A==
 
-"@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree/-/typescript-estree-8.58.0.tgz#ed233faa8e2f2a2e1357c3e7d553d6465a0ee59a"
-  integrity sha512-7vv5UWbHqew/dvs+D3e1RvLv1v2eeZ9txRHPnEEBUgSNLx5ghdzjHa0sgLWYVKssH+lYmV0JaWdoubo0ncGYLA==
+"@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree/-/typescript-estree-8.59.1.tgz#4391fadf98a22c869c5b6522dbf4e491e53e351a"
+  integrity sha512-OUd+vJS05sSkOip+BkZ/2NS8RMxrAAJemsC6vU3kmfLyeaJT0TftHkV9mcx2107MmsBVXXexhVu4F0TZXyMl4g==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/project-service" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/project-service" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
     minimatch "^10.2.2"
     semver "^7.7.3"
     tinyglobby "^0.2.15"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/utils@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/utils/-/utils-8.58.0.tgz#21a74a7963b0d288b719a4121c7dd555adaab3c3"
-  integrity sha512-RfeSqcFeHMHlAWzt4TBjWOAtoW9lnsAGiP3GbaX9uVgTYYrMbVnGONEfUCiSss+xMHFl+eHZiipmA8WkQ7FuNA==
+"@typescript-eslint/utils@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/utils/-/utils-8.59.1.tgz#cf6204d69701bbbc5b150f98c18aeef0a42c10bd"
+  integrity sha512-3pIeoXhCeYH9FSCBI8P3iNwJlGuzPlYKkTlen2O9T1DSeeg8UG8jstq6BLk+Mda0qup7mgk4z4XL4OzRaxZ8LA==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/eslint-utils" "^4.9.1"
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys/-/visitor-keys-8.58.0.tgz#2abd55a4be70fd55967aceaba4330b9ba9f45189"
-  integrity sha512-XJ9UD9+bbDo4a4epraTwG3TsNPeiB9aShrUneAVXy8q4LuwowN+qu89/6ByLMINqvIMeI9H9hOHQtg/ijrYXzQ==
+"@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys/-/visitor-keys-8.59.1.tgz#b5cba576287a3eeb0b400b62813189abcc3f976a"
+  integrity sha512-LdDNl6C5iJExcM0Yh0PwAIBb9PrSiCsWamF/JyEZawm3kFDnRoaq3LGE4bpyRao/fWeGKKyw7icx0YxrLFC5Cg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
     eslint-visitor-keys "^5.0.0"
 
 "@ungap/structured-clone@^1.3.0":
@@ -1909,10 +1908,10 @@ doctrine@^2.1.0:
   dependencies:
     esutils "^2.0.2"
 
-dotenv@^17.3.1:
-  version "17.3.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/dotenv/-/dotenv-17.3.1.tgz#2706f5b0165e45a1503348187b8468f87fe6aae2"
-  integrity sha512-IO8C/dzEb6O3F9/twg6ZLXz164a2fhTnEWb95H23Dm4OuN+92NmEAlTrupP9VW6Jm3sO26tQlqyvyi4CsnY9GA==
+dotenv@^17.4.2:
+  version "17.4.2"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/dotenv/-/dotenv-17.4.2.tgz#c07e54a746e11eba021dd9e1047ced5afdc1c034"
+  integrity sha512-nI4U3TottKAcAD9LLud4Cb7b2QztQMUEfHbvhTH09bqXTxnSie8WnjPALV/WMCrJZ6UV/qHJ6L03OqO3LcdYZw==
 
 dunder-proto@^1.0.0, dunder-proto@^1.0.1:
   version "1.0.1"
@@ -2263,17 +2262,17 @@ eslint-visitor-keys@^5.0.0, eslint-visitor-keys@^5.0.1:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint-visitor-keys/-/eslint-visitor-keys-5.0.1.tgz#9e3c9489697824d2d4ce3a8ad12628f91e9f59be"
   integrity sha512-tD40eHxA35h0PEIZNeIjkHoDR4YjjJp34biM0mDvplBe//mB+IHCqHDGV7pxF+7MklTvighcCPPZC7ynWyjdTA==
 
-eslint@^10.1.0:
-  version "10.1.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint/-/eslint-10.1.0.tgz#9ca98e654e642ab2e1af6d1e9d8613857ac341b4"
-  integrity sha512-S9jlY/ELKEUwwQnqWDO+f+m6sercqOPSqXM5Go94l7DOmxHVDgmSFGWEzeE/gwgTAr0W103BWt0QLe/7mabIvA==
+eslint@^10.2.1:
+  version "10.2.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint/-/eslint-10.2.1.tgz#224b2a6caeb34473eddcf918762363e2e063222a"
+  integrity sha512-wiyGaKsDgqXvF40P8mDwiUp/KQjE1FdrIEJsM8PZ3XCiniTMXS3OHWWUe5FI5agoCnr8x4xPrTDZuxsBlNHl+Q==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/eslint-utils" "^4.8.0"
     "@eslint-community/regexpp" "^4.12.2"
-    "@eslint/config-array" "^0.23.3"
-    "@eslint/config-helpers" "^0.5.3"
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
-    "@eslint/plugin-kit" "^0.6.1"
+    "@eslint/config-array" "^0.23.5"
+    "@eslint/config-helpers" "^0.5.5"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
+    "@eslint/plugin-kit" "^0.7.1"
     "@humanfs/node" "^0.16.6"
     "@humanwhocodes/module-importer" "^1.0.1"
     "@humanwhocodes/retry" "^0.4.2"
@@ -2683,7 +2682,7 @@ graceful-fs@^4.2.11:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/graceful-fs/-/graceful-fs-4.2.11.tgz#4183e4e8bf08bb6e05bbb2f7d2e0c8f712ca40e3"
   integrity sha512-RbJ5/jmFcNNCcDV5o9eTnBLJ/HszWV0P73bc+Ff4nS/rJj+YaS6IGyiOL0VoBYX+l1Wrl3k63h/KrH+nhJ0XvQ==
 
-handlebars@^4.7.8:
+handlebars@^4.7.9:
   version "4.7.9"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/handlebars/-/handlebars-4.7.9.tgz#6f139082ab58dc4e5a0e51efe7db5ae890d56a0f"
   integrity sha512-4E71E0rpOaQuJR2A3xDZ+GM1HyWYv1clR58tC8emQNeQe3RH7MAzSbat+V0wG78LQBo6m6bzSG/L4pBuCsgnUQ==
@@ -3676,12 +3675,11 @@ keyv@^4.5.4:
     json-buffer "3.0.1"
 
 "langsmith@>=0.5.0 <1.0.0":
-  version "0.5.20"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/langsmith/-/langsmith-0.5.20.tgz#4021847d2ccd5a86c5eb96060f9bb5f19f80eca5"
-  integrity sha512-ULhLM8RswvQDXufLtNtvclHrWCBx8Cb5UPI6lAZC+8Dq59iHsVPz/3Ac9khWNm1VIvChRsuykixD/WrmzuuA3Q==
+  version "0.6.3"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/langsmith/-/langsmith-0.6.3.tgz#a3d8ad58d66a47d3697e3c69b2be3f6df5233190"
+  integrity sha512-pXrQ4/4myQvjFFOAUmt5pWRrLEZR20gzIJD7MNdUH+5/S5nLI4ZRBo/SYKC6coaYj9pYTfQdBIzcs+3kfJ5uDA==
   dependencies:
     p-queue "6.6.2"
-    uuid "10.0.0"
 
 leven@^3.1.0:
   version "3.1.0"
@@ -4130,10 +4128,10 @@ prettier-linter-helpers@^1.0.1:
   dependencies:
     fast-diff "^1.1.2"
 
-prettier@^3.8.1:
-  version "3.8.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/prettier/-/prettier-3.8.1.tgz#edf48977cf991558f4fcbd8a3ba6015ba2a3a173"
-  integrity sha512-UOnG6LftzbdaHZcKoPFtOcCKztrQ57WkHDeRD9t/PTQtmT0NHSeWWepj6pS0z/N7+08BHFDQVUrfmfMRcZwbMg==
+prettier@^3.8.3:
+  version "3.8.3"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/prettier/-/prettier-3.8.3.tgz#560f2de55bf01b4c0503bc629d5df99b9a1d09b0"
+  integrity sha512-7igPTM53cGHMW8xWuVTydi2KO233VFiTNyF5hLJqpilHfmn8C8gPf+PS7dUT64YcXFbiMGZxS9pCSxL/Dxm/Jw==
 
 pretty-format@30.2.0, pretty-format@^30.0.0:
   version "30.2.0"
@@ -4287,7 +4285,7 @@ semver@^6.3.1:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/semver/-/semver-6.3.1.tgz#556d2ef8689146e46dcea4bfdd095f3434dffcb4"
   integrity sha512-BR7VvDCVHO+q2xBEWskxS6DJE1qRnb7DxzUrogb71CWoSficBxYsiAGd+Kl0mmq/MprG9yArRkyrQxTO6XjMzA==
 
-semver@^7.5.3, semver@^7.5.4, semver@^7.7.2, semver@^7.7.3:
+semver@^7.5.3, semver@^7.5.4, semver@^7.7.2, semver@^7.7.3, semver@^7.7.4:
   version "7.7.4"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/semver/-/semver-7.7.4.tgz#28464e36060e991fa7a11d0279d2d3f3b57a7e8a"
   integrity sha512-vFKC2IEtQnVhpT78h1Yp8wzwrf8CM+MzKMHGJZfBtzhZNycRFnXsHk6E5TxIkkMsgNS7mdX3AGB7x2QM2di4lA==
@@ -4623,18 +4621,18 @@ ts-api-utils@^2.5.0:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/ts-api-utils/-/ts-api-utils-2.5.0.tgz#4acd4a155e22734990a5ed1fe9e97f113bcb37c1"
   integrity sha512-OJ/ibxhPlqrMM0UiNHJ/0CKQkoKF243/AEmplt3qpRgkW8VG7IfOS41h7V8TjITqdByHzrjcS/2si+y4lIh8NA==
 
-ts-jest@^29.4.6:
-  version "29.4.6"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/ts-jest/-/ts-jest-29.4.6.tgz#51cb7c133f227396818b71297ad7409bb77106e9"
-  integrity sha512-fSpWtOO/1AjSNQguk43hb/JCo16oJDnMJf3CdEGNkqsEX3t0KX96xvyX1D7PfLCpVoKu4MfVrqUkFyblYoY4lA==
+ts-jest@^29.4.9:
+  version "29.4.9"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/ts-jest/-/ts-jest-29.4.9.tgz#47dc33d0f5c36bddcedd16afefae285e0b049d2d"
+  integrity sha512-LTb9496gYPMCqjeDLdPrKuXtncudeV1yRZnF4Wo5l3SFi0RYEnYRNgMrFIdg+FHvfzjCyQk1cLncWVqiSX+EvQ==
   dependencies:
     bs-logger "^0.2.6"
     fast-json-stable-stringify "^2.1.0"
-    handlebars "^4.7.8"
+    handlebars "^4.7.9"
     json5 "^2.2.3"
     lodash.memoize "^4.1.2"
     make-error "^1.3.6"
-    semver "^7.7.3"
+    semver "^7.7.4"
     type-fest "^4.41.0"
     yargs-parser "^21.1.1"
 
@@ -4849,16 +4847,11 @@ uri-js@^4.2.2:
   dependencies:
     punycode "^2.1.0"
 
-uuid@10.0.0, uuid@^10.0.0:
+uuid@^10.0.0:
   version "10.0.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-10.0.0.tgz#5a95aa454e6e002725c79055fd42aaba30ca6294"
   integrity sha512-8XkAphELsDnEGrDxUOHB3RGvXz6TeuYSGEZBOjtTtPm2lwhGBjLgOzLHB63IUWfBpNucQjND6d3AOudO+H3RWQ==
 
-uuid@^11.1.0:
-  version "11.1.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-11.1.0.tgz#9549028be1753bb934fc96e2bca09bb4105ae912"
-  integrity sha512-0/A9rDy9P7cJ+8w1c9WD9V//9Wj15Ce2MPz8Ri6032usz+NfePxx5AcN3bN+r6ZL6jEo066/yNYB3tn4pQEx+A==
-
 uuid@^13.0.0:
   version "13.0.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-13.0.0.tgz#263dc341b19b4d755eb8fe36b78d95a6b65707e8"

libs/cli/js-monorepo-example/apps/agent/package.json

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@js-monorepo-example/shared": "*",
-    "@langchain/core": "^1.1.38",
-    "@langchain/langgraph": "^1.2.6"
+    "@langchain/core": "^1.1.42",
+    "@langchain/langgraph": "^1.2.9"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "typescript": "^5.9.3"

libs/cli/js-monorepo-example/package.json

@@ -17,18 +17,18 @@
     "lint": "eslint 'apps/**/*.ts' 'libs/**/*.ts'"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "turbo": "^2.9.3",
+    "turbo": "^2.9.14",
     "typescript": "^5.9.3",
     "@tsconfig/recommended": "^1.0.13",
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.3.5",
     "@eslint/js": "^10.0.1",
-    "eslint": "^10.1.0",
+    "eslint": "^10.2.1",
     "eslint-config-prettier": "^10.1.8",
     "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.27.5",
     "eslint-plugin-no-instanceof": "^1.0.1",
     "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.5.5",
-    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.58.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.58.0",
-    "prettier": "^3.8.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.59.1",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.59.1",
+    "prettier": "^3.8.3"
   }
 }

libs/cli/js-monorepo-example/yarn.lock

@@ -19,26 +19,26 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint-community/regexpp/-/regexpp-4.12.2.tgz#bccdf615bcf7b6e8db830ec0b8d21c9a25de597b"
   integrity sha512-EriSTlt5OC9/7SXkRSCAhfSxxoSUgBm33OH+IkwbdpgoqsSsUg7y3uh+IICI/Qg4BBWr3U2i39RpmycbxMq4ew==
 
-"@eslint/config-array@^0.23.3":
-  version "0.23.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.23.3.tgz#3f4a93dd546169c09130cbd10f2415b13a20a219"
-  integrity sha512-j+eEWmB6YYLwcNOdlwQ6L2OsptI/LO6lNBuLIqe5R7RetD658HLoF+Mn7LzYmAWWNNzdC6cqP+L6r8ujeYXWLw==
+"@eslint/config-array@^0.23.5":
+  version "0.23.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-array/-/config-array-0.23.5.tgz#56e86d243049195d8acc0c06a1b3dfdc3fa3de95"
+  integrity sha512-Y3kKLvC1dvTOT+oGlqNQ1XLqK6D1HU2YXPc52NmAlJZbMMWDzGYXMiPRJ8TYD39muD/OTjlZmNJ4ib7dvSrMBA==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/object-schema" "^3.0.3"
+    "@eslint/object-schema" "^3.0.5"
     debug "^4.3.1"
     minimatch "^10.2.4"
 
-"@eslint/config-helpers@^0.5.3":
-  version "0.5.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-helpers/-/config-helpers-0.5.3.tgz#721fe6bbb90d74b0c80d6ff2428e5bbcb002becb"
-  integrity sha512-lzGN0onllOZCGroKJmRwY6QcEHxbjBw1gwB8SgRSqK8YbbtEXMvKynsXc3553ckIEBxsbMBU7oOZXKIPGZNeZw==
+"@eslint/config-helpers@^0.5.5":
+  version "0.5.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/config-helpers/-/config-helpers-0.5.5.tgz#ae16134e4792ac5fbdc533548a24ac1ea9f7f3ae"
+  integrity sha512-eIJYKTCECbP/nsKaaruF6LW967mtbQbsw4JTtSVkUQc9MneSkbrgPJAbKl9nWr0ZeowV8BfsarBmPpBzGelA2w==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
 
-"@eslint/core@^1.1.1":
-  version "1.1.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/core/-/core-1.1.1.tgz#450f3d2be2d463ccd51119544092256b4e88df32"
-  integrity sha512-QUPblTtE51/7/Zhfv8BDwO0qkkzQL7P/aWWbqcf4xWLEYn1oKjdO0gglQBB4GAsu7u6wjijbCmzsUTy6mnk6oQ==
+"@eslint/core@^1.2.1":
+  version "1.2.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/core/-/core-1.2.1.tgz#c1da7cd1b82fa8787f98b5629fb811848a1b63ce"
+  integrity sha512-MwcE1P+AZ4C6DWlpin/OmOA54mmIZ/+xZuJiQd4SyB29oAJjN30UW9wkKNptW2ctp4cEsvhlLY/CsQ1uoHDloQ==
   dependencies:
     "@types/json-schema" "^7.0.15"
 
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/js/-/js-10.0.1.tgz#1e8a876f50117af8ab67e47d5ad94d38d6622583"
   integrity sha512-zeR9k5pd4gxjZ0abRoIaxdc7I3nDktoXZk2qOv9gCNWx3mVwEn32VRhyLaRsDiJjTs0xq/T8mfPtyuXu7GWBcA==
 
-"@eslint/object-schema@^3.0.3":
-  version "3.0.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/object-schema/-/object-schema-3.0.3.tgz#5bf671e52e382e4adc47a9906f2699374637db6b"
-  integrity sha512-iM869Pugn9Nsxbh/YHRqYiqd23AmIbxJOcpUMOuWCVNdoQJ5ZtwL6h3t0bcZzJUlC3Dq9jCFCESBZnX0GTv7iQ==
+"@eslint/object-schema@^3.0.5":
+  version "3.0.5"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/object-schema/-/object-schema-3.0.5.tgz#88e9bf4d11d2b19c082e78ebe7ce88724a5eb091"
+  integrity sha512-vqTaUEgxzm+YDSdElad6PiRoX4t8VGDjCtt05zn4nU810UIx/uNEV7/lZJ6KwFThKZOzOxzXy48da+No7HZaMw==
 
-"@eslint/plugin-kit@^0.6.1":
-  version "0.6.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/plugin-kit/-/plugin-kit-0.6.1.tgz#eb9e6689b56ce8bc1855bb33090e63f3fc115e8e"
-  integrity sha512-iH1B076HoAshH1mLpHMgwdGeTs0CYwL0SPMkGuSebZrwBp16v415e9NZXg2jtrqPVQjf6IANe2Vtlr5KswtcZQ==
+"@eslint/plugin-kit@^0.7.1":
+  version "0.7.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@eslint/plugin-kit/-/plugin-kit-0.7.1.tgz#c4125fd015eceeb09b793109fdbcd4dd0a02d346"
+  integrity sha512-rZAP3aVgB9ds9KOeUSL+zZ21hPmo8dh6fnIFwRQj5EAZl9gzR7wxYbYXYysAM8CTqGmUGyp2S4kUdV17MnGuWQ==
   dependencies:
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
     levn "^0.4.1"
 
 "@humanfs/core@^0.19.1":
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@isaacs/cliui/-/cliui-9.0.0.tgz#4d0a3f127058043bf2e7ee169eaf30ed901302f3"
   integrity sha512-AokJm4tuBHillT+FpMtxQ60n8ObyXBatq7jD2/JA9dxbDDokKQm8KMht5ibGzLVU9IJDIKK4TPKgMHEYMn3lMg==
 
-"@langchain/core@^1.1.38":
-  version "1.1.38"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/core/-/core-1.1.38.tgz#b5939b2e77af408771c9bb95bf56a5ad8183313e"
-  integrity sha512-C340wH1YL10CiVOFlEpQMp0zQE85/eBLKX/gi1Lv7shAyUmR3CQ0t/mXlCd5RsZa6ntAN1kDJnp64ArWey9XAA==
+"@langchain/core@^1.1.42":
+  version "1.1.42"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/core/-/core-1.1.42.tgz#607bfd34c1414c9cbeb2859fda1b254a14c28085"
+  integrity sha512-d0tN96BrwPMryYyWR9VfyAntSivn7EQrZCe5Kpxum93tcjTXbKKmKvItFec8AluQt88iTcmAJrahUZUNfzGwTA==
   dependencies:
     "@cfworker/json-schema" "^4.0.2"
     "@standard-schema/spec" "^1.1.0"
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@
     langsmith ">=0.5.0 <1.0.0"
     mustache "^4.2.0"
     p-queue "^6.6.2"
-    uuid "^11.1.0"
     zod "^3.25.76 || ^4"
 
 "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint@^1.0.1":
@@ -127,23 +126,23 @@
   dependencies:
     uuid "^10.0.0"
 
-"@langchain/langgraph-sdk@~1.8.1":
-  version "1.8.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph-sdk/-/langgraph-sdk-1.8.3.tgz#deedc9bddd863693c6ab5f3a74058548b040377d"
-  integrity sha512-Py0S5yVtlOHz410aEsSGLRKjtsK2giDvfPS1JjAjTdcs71khuJufFtUZFwmwdJCbsG4DaGurRLHOAJu9jO4a0g==
+"@langchain/langgraph-sdk@~1.8.9":
+  version "1.8.10"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph-sdk/-/langgraph-sdk-1.8.10.tgz#bd175cda1ab629845ef28b22b45f3bdd1f65b029"
+  integrity sha512-wrB3rkRw5KAmsqezwvKP3midT4qJrV6Hj9XJMYo+cbvXC4HYpSAmyY/VriSyeTFRbLG/OP/pY2Yz+9Z54nSaXQ==
   dependencies:
     "@types/json-schema" "^7.0.15"
     p-queue "^9.0.1"
     p-retry "^7.1.1"
     uuid "^13.0.0"
 
-"@langchain/langgraph@^1.2.6":
-  version "1.2.6"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph/-/langgraph-1.2.6.tgz#e6a578f96fbbc1c54ba78e0298884671dad5d195"
-  integrity sha512-5cX402dNGN6w9+0mlMU2dgUiKx6Y1tlENp7x05e9ByDbQCHSDc0kyqRWNFLGc7vatQ92S4ylxQrcCJvi8Fr4SQ==
+"@langchain/langgraph@^1.2.9":
+  version "1.2.9"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@langchain/langgraph/-/langgraph-1.2.9.tgz#4f0ba159062c3649c83cf5f621ef926b96933e32"
+  integrity sha512-3c7BtGycHC2v9p6w/Hv8L7kEl1YnZYOQTDJtmAp3knk6JOedO7d2bYP3y0SRyhv5orUEGf/KGvx8ZsB/ideP7g==
   dependencies:
     "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint" "^1.0.1"
-    "@langchain/langgraph-sdk" "~1.8.1"
+    "@langchain/langgraph-sdk" "~1.8.9"
     "@standard-schema/spec" "1.1.0"
     uuid "^10.0.0"
 
@@ -167,35 +166,35 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@tsconfig/recommended/-/recommended-1.0.13.tgz#269fce3ad04ca70b93269ff44cca81b950f542da"
   integrity sha512-sySRuBfMKyKO/j2ZAhR8kSembhjuPEV4Ra3AHtmWLq51+iGaudr45crPSzNC5b7/Ctrh9dfUpBuTlYrH6rM58Q==
 
-"@turbo/darwin-64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/darwin-64/-/darwin-64-2.9.3.tgz#5d782d341ddebc20822d09ba1393238d4467ae7b"
-  integrity sha512-P8foouaP+y/p+hhEGBoZpzMbpVvUMwPjDpcy6wN7EYfvvyISD1USuV27qWkczecihwuPJzQ1lDBuL8ERcavTyg==
+"@turbo/darwin-64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/darwin-64/-/darwin-64-2.9.14.tgz#b9ec6ac637b9c5fdba5dae9d743f5d121f091242"
+  integrity sha512-t7QiPflaEyBE4oayeZtSmu4mEfjgIrcNlNNl1z1dmIVPqEdtA7+CfTf8d7KXsOGPh6aNgWjKxyvQg9uGfDQF+A==
 
-"@turbo/darwin-arm64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-2.9.3.tgz#75cd662d9c2a572532ce82d7cae1a30e2497d693"
-  integrity sha512-SIzEkvtNdzdI50FJDaIQ6kQGqgSSdFPcdn0wqmmONN6iGKjy6hsT+EH99GP65FsfV7DLZTh2NmtTIRl2kdoz5Q==
+"@turbo/darwin-arm64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-2.9.14.tgz#99d19f3e59842c595d2828c72a2e4ef537408f38"
+  integrity sha512-d23147mC9BsCPA9mJ0h/ubcpbRgcJBXbcG3+Vq7YLhjz3IXuvQsJ1UXH8f4MD76ZjJ4m/E4aRdJV+MW88CDfbw==
 
-"@turbo/linux-64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/linux-64/-/linux-64-2.9.3.tgz#de693a996071654a0bea51c7ed9dc6fdc3950ae8"
-  integrity sha512-pLRwFmcHHNBvsCySLS6OFabr/07kDT2pxEt/k6eBf/3asiVQZKJ7Rk88AafQx2aYA641qek4RsXvYO3JYpiBug==
+"@turbo/linux-64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/linux-64/-/linux-64-2.9.14.tgz#9c907434f091cd75529f5496516f79b71935d2bb"
+  integrity sha512-P3ZKB5tuUDdDQWuAsACGUR1qv9W7BNWxdxqVJ0kZNuNNPRaVYTPPikLcp79+GiEcW3npsR+KyP38lnQiBc5aSA==
 
-"@turbo/linux-arm64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/linux-arm64/-/linux-arm64-2.9.3.tgz#88fc6fe572d83c5488eeae9b564b57c335f4d856"
-  integrity sha512-gy6ApUroC2Nzv+qjGtE/uPNkhHAFU4c8God+zd5Aiv9L9uBgHlxVJpHT3XWl5xwlJZ2KWuMrlHTaS5kmNB+q1Q==
+"@turbo/linux-arm64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/linux-arm64/-/linux-arm64-2.9.14.tgz#79ae9060e6ee9e0fb784ae0747e980f582e75313"
+  integrity sha512-ZRTlzcUMrrPv9ZuDzRF9n60Ym13bKeG9jDB8WjxyLhWNzV+AJQN+zdpIk3NJYf2zQsGUm1mNar2P0elRzLw25g==
 
-"@turbo/windows-64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/windows-64/-/windows-64-2.9.3.tgz#a7812e4f33972f74daed93b2ac8845f88a68c775"
-  integrity sha512-d0YelTX6hAsB7kIEtGB3PzIzSfAg3yDoUlHwuwJc3adBXUsyUIs0YLG+1NNtuhcDOUGnWQeKUoJ2pGWvbpRj7w==
+"@turbo/windows-64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/windows-64/-/windows-64-2.9.14.tgz#68a80f299f35189314184c88301caad982d1c0c2"
+  integrity sha512-exanwN6sIduZwykYeiTQj8kCmOhazP5WOz3bvXMcYtjhL6Z3iRWLewKrXCBq0bqwSP3iBMb/AerRCnHI4lx46A==
 
-"@turbo/windows-arm64@2.9.3":
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/windows-arm64/-/windows-arm64-2.9.3.tgz#1891a89fe87d501e63a7a4367082f3afec18fa6f"
-  integrity sha512-/08CwpKJl3oRY8nOlh2YgilZVJDHsr60XTNxRhuDeuFXONpUZ5X+Nv65izbG/xBew9qxcJFbDX9/sAmAX+ITcQ==
+"@turbo/windows-arm64@2.9.14":
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@turbo/windows-arm64/-/windows-arm64-2.9.14.tgz#4dc16684f0ddce53fafe56ad8f55205c4473d17a"
+  integrity sha512-fVdCsnmYoKICsycbWuuGp6Jvi51/3G/UluFWuAUCvR8PIW5IJkAk5BM9UF8PSm0Q2IphWHFZjYEgjHsh3B9y/g==
 
 "@types/esrecurse@^4.3.1":
   version "4.3.1"
@@ -217,100 +216,100 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@types/json5/-/json5-0.0.29.tgz#ee28707ae94e11d2b827bcbe5270bcea7f3e71ee"
   integrity sha512-dRLjCWHYg4oaA77cxO64oO+7JwCwnIzkZPdrrC71jQmQtlhM556pwKo5bUzqvZndkVbeFLIIi+9TC40JNF5hNQ==
 
-"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin/-/eslint-plugin-8.58.0.tgz#ad40e492f1931f46da1bd888e52b9e56df9063aa"
-  integrity sha512-RLkVSiNuUP1C2ROIWfqX+YcUfLaSnxGE/8M+Y57lopVwg9VTYYfhuz15Yf1IzCKgZj6/rIbYTmJCUSqr76r0Wg==
+"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin/-/eslint-plugin-8.59.1.tgz#781bc6f9002982cfaf75a185240e24ad7276628a"
+  integrity sha512-BOziFIfE+6osHO9FoJG4zjoHUcvI7fTNBSpdAwrNH0/TLvzjsk2oo8XSSOT2HhqUyhZPfHv4UOffoJ9oEEQ7Ag==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/regexpp" "^4.12.2"
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/type-utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/type-utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     ignore "^7.0.5"
     natural-compare "^1.4.0"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/parser@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/parser/-/parser-8.58.0.tgz#da04ece1967b6c2fe8f10c3473dabf3825795ef7"
-  integrity sha512-rLoGZIf9afaRBYsPUMtvkDWykwXwUPL60HebR4JgTI8mxfFe2cQTu3AGitANp4b9B2QlVru6WzjgB2IzJKiCSA==
+"@typescript-eslint/parser@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/parser/-/parser-8.59.1.tgz#835d20a62350659a082a1ae2a60b822c40488905"
+  integrity sha512-HDQH9O/47Dxi1ceDhBXdaldtf/WV9yRYMjbjCuNk3qnaTD564qwv61Y7+gTxwxRKzSrgO5uhtw584igXVuuZkA==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/project-service/-/project-service-8.58.0.tgz#66ceda0aabf7427aec3e2713fa43eb278dead2aa"
-  integrity sha512-8Q/wBPWLQP1j16NxoPNIKpDZFMaxl7yWIoqXWYeWO+Bbd2mjgvoF0dxP2jKZg5+x49rgKdf7Ck473M8PC3V9lg==
+"@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/project-service/-/project-service-8.59.1.tgz#49efe87c37ef84262f23df8bf62fdc56698ca6fe"
+  integrity sha512-+MuHQlHiEr00Of/IQbE/MmEoi44znZHbR/Pz7Opq4HryUOlRi+/44dro9Ycy8Fyo+/024IWtw8m4JUMCGTYxDg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "^8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "^8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "^8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "^8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/scope-manager/-/scope-manager-8.58.0.tgz#e304142775e49a1b7ac3c8bf2536714447c72cab"
-  integrity sha512-W1Lur1oF50FxSnNdGp3Vs6P+yBRSmZiw4IIjEeYxd8UQJwhUF0gDgDD/W/Tgmh73mxgEU3qX0Bzdl/NGuSPEpQ==
+"@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/scope-manager/-/scope-manager-8.59.1.tgz#ed90d054fc3db2d0c81464db3a953a94fb85bb58"
+  integrity sha512-LwuHQI4pDOYVKvmH2dkaJo6YZCSgouVgnS/z7yBPKBMvgtBvyLqiLy9Z6b7+m/TRcX1NFYUqZetI5Y+aT4GEfg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.58.0", "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils/-/tsconfig-utils-8.58.0.tgz#c5a8edb21f31e0fdee565724e1b984171c559482"
-  integrity sha512-doNSZEVJsWEu4htiVC+PR6NpM+pa+a4ClH9INRWOWCUzMst/VA9c4gXq92F8GUD1rwhNvRLkgjfYtFXegXQF7A==
+"@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.59.1", "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils/-/tsconfig-utils-8.59.1.tgz#ba2a779a444f1d5cb92a606f9b209d239fd4cab1"
+  integrity sha512-/0nEyPbX7gRsk0Uwfe4ALwwgxuA66d/l2mhRDNlAvaj4U3juhUtJNq0DsY8M2AYwwb9rEq2hrC3IcIcEt++iJA==
 
-"@typescript-eslint/type-utils@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/type-utils/-/type-utils-8.58.0.tgz#ce0e72cd967ffbbe8de322db6089bd4374be352f"
-  integrity sha512-aGsCQImkDIqMyx1u4PrVlbi/krmDsQUs4zAcCV6M7yPcPev+RqVlndsJy9kJ8TLihW9TZ0kbDAzctpLn5o+lOg==
+"@typescript-eslint/type-utils@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/type-utils/-/type-utils-8.59.1.tgz#9c83d3f2ed9187a815e8120f72c08317e513e409"
+  integrity sha512-klWPBR2ciQHS3f++ug/mVnWKPjBUo7icEL3FAO1lhAR1Z1i5NQYZ1EannMSRYcq5qCv5wNALlXr6fksRHyYl7w==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/utils" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/types@8.58.0", "@typescript-eslint/types@^8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-8.58.0.tgz#e94ae7abdc1c6530e71183c1007b61fa93112a5a"
-  integrity sha512-O9CjxypDT89fbHxRfETNoAnHj/i6IpRK0CvbVN3qibxlLdo5p5hcLmUuCCrHMpxiWSwKyI8mCP7qRNYuOJ0Uww==
+"@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.1", "@typescript-eslint/types@^8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-8.59.1.tgz#c1d014d3f03a97e0113a8899fc9d4e45a7fb0ca9"
+  integrity sha512-ZDCjgccSdYPw5Bxh+my4Z0lJU96ZDN7jbBzvmEn0FZx3RtU1C7VWl6NbDx94bwY3V5YsgwRzJPOgeY2Q/nLG8A==
 
-"@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree/-/typescript-estree-8.58.0.tgz#ed233faa8e2f2a2e1357c3e7d553d6465a0ee59a"
-  integrity sha512-7vv5UWbHqew/dvs+D3e1RvLv1v2eeZ9txRHPnEEBUgSNLx5ghdzjHa0sgLWYVKssH+lYmV0JaWdoubo0ncGYLA==
+"@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree/-/typescript-estree-8.59.1.tgz#4391fadf98a22c869c5b6522dbf4e491e53e351a"
+  integrity sha512-OUd+vJS05sSkOip+BkZ/2NS8RMxrAAJemsC6vU3kmfLyeaJT0TftHkV9mcx2107MmsBVXXexhVu4F0TZXyMl4g==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/project-service" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/project-service" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "8.59.1"
     debug "^4.4.3"
     minimatch "^10.2.2"
     semver "^7.7.3"
     tinyglobby "^0.2.15"
     ts-api-utils "^2.5.0"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/utils@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/utils/-/utils-8.58.0.tgz#21a74a7963b0d288b719a4121c7dd555adaab3c3"
-  integrity sha512-RfeSqcFeHMHlAWzt4TBjWOAtoW9lnsAGiP3GbaX9uVgTYYrMbVnGONEfUCiSss+xMHFl+eHZiipmA8WkQ7FuNA==
+"@typescript-eslint/utils@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/utils/-/utils-8.59.1.tgz#cf6204d69701bbbc5b150f98c18aeef0a42c10bd"
+  integrity sha512-3pIeoXhCeYH9FSCBI8P3iNwJlGuzPlYKkTlen2O9T1DSeeg8UG8jstq6BLk+Mda0qup7mgk4z4XL4OzRaxZ8LA==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/eslint-utils" "^4.9.1"
-    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
-    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/scope-manager" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
+    "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree" "8.59.1"
 
-"@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.58.0":
-  version "8.58.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys/-/visitor-keys-8.58.0.tgz#2abd55a4be70fd55967aceaba4330b9ba9f45189"
-  integrity sha512-XJ9UD9+bbDo4a4epraTwG3TsNPeiB9aShrUneAVXy8q4LuwowN+qu89/6ByLMINqvIMeI9H9hOHQtg/ijrYXzQ==
+"@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.59.1":
+  version "8.59.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys/-/visitor-keys-8.59.1.tgz#b5cba576287a3eeb0b400b62813189abcc3f976a"
+  integrity sha512-LdDNl6C5iJExcM0Yh0PwAIBb9PrSiCsWamF/JyEZawm3kFDnRoaq3LGE4bpyRao/fWeGKKyw7icx0YxrLFC5Cg==
   dependencies:
-    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.58.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "8.59.1"
     eslint-visitor-keys "^5.0.0"
 
 acorn-jsx@^5.3.2:
@@ -787,17 +786,17 @@ eslint-visitor-keys@^5.0.0, eslint-visitor-keys@^5.0.1:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint-visitor-keys/-/eslint-visitor-keys-5.0.1.tgz#9e3c9489697824d2d4ce3a8ad12628f91e9f59be"
   integrity sha512-tD40eHxA35h0PEIZNeIjkHoDR4YjjJp34biM0mDvplBe//mB+IHCqHDGV7pxF+7MklTvighcCPPZC7ynWyjdTA==
 
-eslint@^10.1.0:
-  version "10.1.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint/-/eslint-10.1.0.tgz#9ca98e654e642ab2e1af6d1e9d8613857ac341b4"
-  integrity sha512-S9jlY/ELKEUwwQnqWDO+f+m6sercqOPSqXM5Go94l7DOmxHVDgmSFGWEzeE/gwgTAr0W103BWt0QLe/7mabIvA==
+eslint@^10.2.1:
+  version "10.2.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/eslint/-/eslint-10.2.1.tgz#224b2a6caeb34473eddcf918762363e2e063222a"
+  integrity sha512-wiyGaKsDgqXvF40P8mDwiUp/KQjE1FdrIEJsM8PZ3XCiniTMXS3OHWWUe5FI5agoCnr8x4xPrTDZuxsBlNHl+Q==
   dependencies:
     "@eslint-community/eslint-utils" "^4.8.0"
     "@eslint-community/regexpp" "^4.12.2"
-    "@eslint/config-array" "^0.23.3"
-    "@eslint/config-helpers" "^0.5.3"
-    "@eslint/core" "^1.1.1"
-    "@eslint/plugin-kit" "^0.6.1"
+    "@eslint/config-array" "^0.23.5"
+    "@eslint/config-helpers" "^0.5.5"
+    "@eslint/core" "^1.2.1"
+    "@eslint/plugin-kit" "^0.7.1"
     "@humanfs/node" "^0.16.6"
     "@humanwhocodes/module-importer" "^1.0.1"
     "@humanwhocodes/retry" "^0.4.2"
@@ -1328,12 +1327,11 @@ keyv@^4.5.4:
     json-buffer "3.0.1"
 
 "langsmith@>=0.5.0 <1.0.0":
-  version "0.5.20"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/langsmith/-/langsmith-0.5.20.tgz#4021847d2ccd5a86c5eb96060f9bb5f19f80eca5"
-  integrity sha512-ULhLM8RswvQDXufLtNtvclHrWCBx8Cb5UPI6lAZC+8Dq59iHsVPz/3Ac9khWNm1VIvChRsuykixD/WrmzuuA3Q==
+  version "0.7.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/langsmith/-/langsmith-0.7.1.tgz#d721ad2e5211f9a5373e8a84eb4fed36b5621971"
+  integrity sha512-Wjk90UjNoY5cBHMlNAC/eZx5clI8jnjBOBW8uJu8+MWBtx0QesNjsUiLtjI+I3UnrpxFFpDqGXcnhBjH654Mqg==
   dependencies:
     p-queue "6.6.2"
-    uuid "10.0.0"
 
 levn@^0.4.1:
   version "0.4.1"
@@ -1559,10 +1557,10 @@ prettier-linter-helpers@^1.0.1:
   dependencies:
     fast-diff "^1.1.2"
 
-prettier@^3.8.1:
-  version "3.8.1"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/prettier/-/prettier-3.8.1.tgz#edf48977cf991558f4fcbd8a3ba6015ba2a3a173"
-  integrity sha512-UOnG6LftzbdaHZcKoPFtOcCKztrQ57WkHDeRD9t/PTQtmT0NHSeWWepj6pS0z/N7+08BHFDQVUrfmfMRcZwbMg==
+prettier@^3.8.3:
+  version "3.8.3"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/prettier/-/prettier-3.8.3.tgz#560f2de55bf01b4c0503bc629d5df99b9a1d09b0"
+  integrity sha512-7igPTM53cGHMW8xWuVTydi2KO233VFiTNyF5hLJqpilHfmn8C8gPf+PS7dUT64YcXFbiMGZxS9pCSxL/Dxm/Jw==
 
 punycode@^2.1.0:
   version "2.3.1"
@@ -1815,17 +1813,17 @@ tsconfig-paths@^3.15.0:
     minimist "^1.2.6"
     strip-bom "^3.0.0"
 
-turbo@^2.9.3:
-  version "2.9.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/turbo/-/turbo-2.9.3.tgz#4f0adf2c8677edd7b46d400629c99e9e26e58e44"
-  integrity sha512-J/VUvsGRykPb9R8Kh8dHVBOqioDexLk9BhLCU/ZybRR+HN9UR3cURdazFvNgMDt9zPP8TF6K73Z+tplfmi0PqQ==
+turbo@^2.9.14:
+  version "2.9.14"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/turbo/-/turbo-2.9.14.tgz#d412fcc4c9bd8dba29cec5bbd54d5a74ab2b1bee"
+  integrity sha512-BQqXRr4UoWI3UPFrtznCLykYHxwxWh53iCB57x092jPMjIlW1wnm3N895g5irpiXmnxUhREBB0n6+y8BHhs4nw==
   optionalDependencies:
-    "@turbo/darwin-64" "2.9.3"
-    "@turbo/darwin-arm64" "2.9.3"
-    "@turbo/linux-64" "2.9.3"
-    "@turbo/linux-arm64" "2.9.3"
-    "@turbo/windows-64" "2.9.3"
-    "@turbo/windows-arm64" "2.9.3"
+    "@turbo/darwin-64" "2.9.14"
+    "@turbo/darwin-arm64" "2.9.14"
+    "@turbo/linux-64" "2.9.14"
+    "@turbo/linux-arm64" "2.9.14"
+    "@turbo/windows-64" "2.9.14"
+    "@turbo/windows-arm64" "2.9.14"
 
 type-check@^0.4.0, type-check@~0.4.0:
   version "0.4.0"
@@ -1901,16 +1899,11 @@ uri-js@^4.2.2:
   dependencies:
     punycode "^2.1.0"
 
-uuid@10.0.0, uuid@^10.0.0:
+uuid@^10.0.0:
   version "10.0.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-10.0.0.tgz#5a95aa454e6e002725c79055fd42aaba30ca6294"
   integrity sha512-8XkAphELsDnEGrDxUOHB3RGvXz6TeuYSGEZBOjtTtPm2lwhGBjLgOzLHB63IUWfBpNucQjND6d3AOudO+H3RWQ==
 
-uuid@^11.1.0:
-  version "11.1.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-11.1.0.tgz#9549028be1753bb934fc96e2bca09bb4105ae912"
-  integrity sha512-0/A9rDy9P7cJ+8w1c9WD9V//9Wj15Ce2MPz8Ri6032usz+NfePxx5AcN3bN+r6ZL6jEo066/yNYB3tn4pQEx+A==
-
 uuid@^13.0.0:
   version "13.0.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/uuid/-/uuid-13.0.0.tgz#263dc341b19b4d755eb8fe36b78d95a6b65707e8"

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "0.4.24"
+__version__ = "0.4.26"

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/config.py

@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@ DISALLOWED_BUILD_COMMAND_CHARS = [
 # This blocks background execution (cmd &) while allowing command
 # chaining (cmd1 && cmd2) which is common in build commands.
 _SINGLE_AMPERSAND_RE = re.compile(r"(?<!&)&(?:&&)*(?!&)")
+_API_VERSION_PATTERN = re.compile(
+    r"^(?P<major>\d+)"
+    r"(?:\.(?P<minor>\d+))?"
+    r"(?:\.(?P<patch>\d+))?"
+    r"(?:(?:\.|)(?:[A-Za-z][0-9A-Za-z]*))?$"
+)
 
 
 def has_disallowed_build_command_content(command: str) -> bool:
@@ -123,6 +129,18 @@ def _parse_node_version(version_str: str) -> int:
         ) from None
 
 
+def _parse_api_version_parts(version_str: str) -> tuple[int, ...]:
+    """Parse an API version into numeric components.
+
+    Supports optional prerelease suffixes, e.g. `0.9.0rc1`.
+    """
+    version_core = version_str.split("-", 1)[0]
+    match = _API_VERSION_PATTERN.fullmatch(version_core)
+    if not match:
+        raise ValueError("Version must be major or major.minor or major.minor.patch.")
+    return tuple(int(part) for part in match.groups() if part is not None)
+
+
 def _is_node_graph(spec: str | dict) -> bool:
     """Check if a graph is a Node.js graph based on the file extension."""
     if isinstance(spec, dict):
@@ -176,12 +194,12 @@ def validate_config(config: Config) -> Config:
             )
     if api_version:
         try:
-            parts = tuple(map(int, api_version.split("-")[0].split(".")))
+            parts = _parse_api_version_parts(api_version)
             if len(parts) > 3:
                 raise ValueError(
                     "Version must be major or major.minor or major.minor.patch."
                 )
-        except TypeError:
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
             raise click.UsageError(
                 f"Invalid version format: {api_version}.\n\n"
                 "Pin to a minor version, e.g.:\n"

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/deploy.py

@@ -115,6 +115,172 @@ class BuildResult:
     show_build_logs_on_failure: bool = False
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Structured output emitter
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_emitter: "_Emitter | None" = None
+_no_input: bool = False
+
+
+class _Emitter:
+    """Dual-mode output: JSON-lines (``--json``) or human-readable click text."""
+
+    def __init__(self, json_mode: bool) -> None:
+        self._json = json_mode
+
+    @property
+    def json_mode(self) -> bool:
+        return self._json
+
+    # -- Structured event helpers ------------------------------------------
+
+    def step(self, step: int, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "step", "step": step, "message": message, **extra})
+        else:
+            click.secho(f"{step}. {message}", fg="cyan")
+
+    def info(self, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "info", "message": message, **extra})
+        else:
+            click.secho(f"   {message}", fg="green")
+
+    def warn(self, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+        """Warning nested under a step. Text mode indents; JSON mode strips leading whitespace."""
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "warn", "message": message.lstrip(), **extra})
+        else:
+            click.secho(f"   {message}", fg="yellow")
+
+    def note(self, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+        """Top-level banner (pre-step). Text mode does not indent."""
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "note", "message": message, **extra})
+        else:
+            click.secho(message, fg="yellow")
+
+    def error(self, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "error", "message": message, **extra})
+        else:
+            click.secho(f"   {message}", fg="red")
+
+    def status_change(
+        self,
+        status: str,
+        elapsed_seconds: float,
+        finished: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        mins, secs = divmod(int(elapsed_seconds), 60)
+        elapsed_str = f"{mins}m {secs:02d}s" if mins else f"{secs}s"
+        if self._json:
+            self._write(
+                {
+                    "event": "status_change",
+                    "status": status,
+                    "elapsed_seconds": round(elapsed_seconds, 1),
+                    "message": f"{status}... ({elapsed_str})",
+                }
+            )
+        else:
+            click.echo(f"   {status}... ({elapsed_str})")
+
+    def log(self, message: str) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "log", "message": message})
+        else:
+            click.echo(f"   | {message}")
+
+    def status_url(self, url: str) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write({"event": "status_url", "url": url})
+        else:
+            click.secho(f"   View status: {url}", fg="cyan")
+
+    def result(
+        self,
+        status: str,
+        *,
+        deployment_id: str,
+        url: str | None = None,
+        status_url: str | None = None,
+        fallback_status_message: str | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            if status == "succeeded":
+                message = "Deployment successful!"
+            elif status == "failed":
+                message = "Deployment failed"
+            else:
+                message = "Timed out waiting for deployment."
+            payload: dict = {
+                "event": "result",
+                "status": status,
+                "deployment_id": deployment_id,
+                "message": message,
+            }
+            if url:
+                payload["url"] = url
+            if status_url:
+                payload["status_url"] = status_url
+            self._write(payload)
+        else:
+            if status == "succeeded":
+                click.secho("   Deployment successful!", fg="green")
+                if url:
+                    click.secho(f"   URL: {url}", fg="green")
+                if status_url:
+                    click.secho(f"   View status: {status_url}", fg="green")
+            elif status == "failed":
+                click.secho("   Deployment failed", fg="red")
+                if status_url:
+                    click.secho(f"   View status: {status_url}", fg="red")
+            elif status == "timed_out":
+                click.secho("   Timed out waiting for deployment.", fg="yellow")
+                if status_url:
+                    click.secho(f"   Check status at: {status_url}", fg="yellow")
+                elif fallback_status_message:
+                    click.secho(f"   {fallback_status_message}", fg="yellow")
+
+    def heartbeat(self, status: str, elapsed_seconds: float) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            mins, secs = divmod(int(elapsed_seconds), 60)
+            elapsed_str = f"{mins}m {secs:02d}s" if mins else f"{secs}s"
+            self._write(
+                {
+                    "event": "heartbeat",
+                    "status": status,
+                    "elapsed_seconds": round(elapsed_seconds, 1),
+                    "message": f"{status}... ({elapsed_str})",
+                }
+            )
+
+    def upload_progress(self, size_mb: float, pct: int) -> None:
+        if self._json:
+            self._write(
+                {
+                    "event": "upload_progress",
+                    "size_mb": round(size_mb, 1),
+                    "pct": pct,
+                }
+            )
+        else:
+            click.echo(f"\r   Uploading ({size_mb:.1f} MB)... {pct}%", nl=False)
+
+    def _write(self, obj: dict) -> None:
+        import sys as _sys
+
+        _sys.stdout.write(json_mod.dumps(obj, default=str) + "\n")
+        _sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+def _get_emitter() -> _Emitter:
+    """Return the module-level emitter (falls back to text mode)."""
+    return _emitter or _Emitter(json_mode=False)
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Validators
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -172,15 +338,16 @@ def find_deployment_id_by_name(
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def normalize_image_name(value: str | None) -> str:
-    """Sanitize a deployment/directory name into a valid Docker repository name.
+def normalize_name(value: str | None) -> str:
+    """Sanitize a deployment/directory name into a valid deployment name.
 
-    Docker repository names must be lowercase and may only contain
-    [a-z0-9._-].  Invalid characters are replaced with hyphens.
+    LangSmith Deployment names only allow lowercase
+    alphanumeric characters and hyphens ([a-z0-9-]).
+    Invalid characters are replaced with hyphens.
     """
     if not value:
         return "app"
-    slug = re.sub(r"[^a-z0-9._-]+", "-", value.lower()).strip("-.")
+    slug = re.sub(r"[^a-z0-9-]+", "-", value.lower()).strip("-")
     return slug or "app"
 
 
@@ -307,9 +474,8 @@ def _resolve_env_path(
     if isinstance(env_field, str):
         env_path = (config_path.parent / env_field).resolve()
         if not env_path.exists():
-            click.secho(
-                f"Warning: env file '{env_field}' specified in langgraph.json not found.",
-                fg="yellow",
+            _get_emitter().note(
+                f"Warning: env file '{env_field}' specified in langgraph.json not found."
             )
             return None
         return env_path
@@ -343,7 +509,7 @@ def _secrets_from_env(
     secrets: list[dict[str, str]] = []
     for name, value in env_vars.items():
         if name in RESERVED_ENV_VARS:
-            click.secho(f"   Skipping reserved env var: {name}", fg="yellow")
+            _get_emitter().note(f"Skipping reserved env var: {name}")
             continue
         if not value:
             continue
@@ -386,8 +552,8 @@ def _resolve_build_mode(
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def _log_deploy_step(step: int, message: str) -> None:
-    click.secho(f"{step}. {message}", fg="cyan")
+def _log_deploy_step(step: int, message: str, **extra: object) -> None:
+    _get_emitter().step(step, message, **extra)
 
 
 def _resolve_deployment(
@@ -411,12 +577,13 @@ def _resolve_deployment(
     found_id = _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant(
         client, lambda c: find_deployment_id_by_name(c, name)
     )
+    em = _get_emitter()
     if found_id:
         deployment_id = str(found_id)
-        click.secho(f"   Found existing deployment (ID: {deployment_id})", fg="green")
+        em.info(f"Found existing deployment (ID: {deployment_id})")
     else:
         needs_creation = True
-        click.secho(not_found_message, fg="yellow")
+        em.warn(not_found_message)
     return deployment_id, needs_creation, step + 1
 
 
@@ -444,7 +611,7 @@ def _create_deployment(
         raise HostBackendError(
             "POST /v2/deployments succeeded but response missing a valid 'id'"
         )
-    click.secho(f"   Deployment ID: {created_id}", fg="green")
+    _get_emitter().info(f"Deployment ID: {created_id}", deployment_id=created_id)
     return created_id, step + 1
 
 
@@ -458,21 +625,36 @@ def _smith_dashboard_base_url(host_url: str | None) -> str:
     hostname = parsed.hostname or ""
     if hostname in ("localhost", "127.0.0.1"):
         return host_url.rstrip("/")
-    if hostname.startswith("eu."):
-        return "https://eu.smith.langchain.com"
+
+    api_host_suffix = "api.host.langchain.com"
+    if hostname == api_host_suffix:
+        return "https://smith.langchain.com"
+    if hostname.endswith(f".{api_host_suffix}"):
+        prefix = hostname[: -(len(api_host_suffix) + 1)]
+        return f"https://{prefix}.smith.langchain.com"
+
     return "https://smith.langchain.com"
 
 
-def _print_deployment_status_url(
+def _get_deployment_status_url(
     updated: object, deployment_id: str, host_url: str | None = None
-) -> None:
-    """Print the deployment status URL when tenant metadata is available."""
+) -> str | None:
+    """Compute the LangSmith dashboard URL for a deployment, if possible."""
     tenant_id = updated.get("tenant_id") if isinstance(updated, dict) else None
     if not tenant_id:
-        return
+        return None
     base = _smith_dashboard_base_url(host_url)
-    status_url = f"{base}/o/{tenant_id}/host/deployments/{deployment_id}"
-    click.secho(f"   View status: {status_url}", fg="cyan")
+    return f"{base}/o/{tenant_id}/host/deployments/{deployment_id}"
+
+
+def _emit_deployment_status_url(
+    updated: object, deployment_id: str, host_url: str | None = None
+) -> str | None:
+    """Emit the deployment status URL and return it."""
+    url = _get_deployment_status_url(updated, deployment_id, host_url)
+    if url:
+        _get_emitter().status_url(url)
+    return url
 
 
 def _poll_revision_status(
@@ -486,6 +668,7 @@ def _poll_revision_status(
     on_interrupt: Callable[[str], None] | None = None,
 ) -> tuple[str, str | None]:
     """Poll latest revision status until terminal status or timeout."""
+    em = _get_emitter()
     revisions_resp = client.list_revisions(deployment_id, limit=1)
     resources = (
         revisions_resp.get("resources", []) if isinstance(revisions_resp, dict) else []
@@ -497,7 +680,11 @@ def _poll_revision_status(
     last_status = ""
     deadline = time.time() + timeout_seconds
     start_time = time.monotonic()
-    with Progress(message=progress_message, elapsed=True) as set_progress:
+    last_heartbeat = start_time
+    json_mode = em.json_mode
+    with Progress(
+        message=progress_message, elapsed=True, json_mode=json_mode
+    ) as set_progress:
         while time.time() < deadline:
             try:
                 rev = client.get_revision(deployment_id, revision_id)
@@ -514,14 +701,15 @@ def _poll_revision_status(
             if status != last_status:
                 set_progress("")
                 if last_status:
-                    elapsed = time.monotonic() - start_time
-                    mins, secs = divmod(int(elapsed), 60)
-                    elapsed_str = f"{mins}m {secs:02d}s" if mins else f"{secs}s"
-                    click.echo(f"   {last_status}... ({elapsed_str})")
+                    em.status_change(last_status, time.monotonic() - start_time)
                 last_status = status
                 if status in _TERMINAL_STATUSES:
                     break
                 set_progress(f"{status}...")
+                last_heartbeat = time.monotonic()
+            elif json_mode and time.monotonic() - last_heartbeat > 10:
+                em.heartbeat(last_status, time.monotonic() - start_time)
+                last_heartbeat = time.monotonic()
 
             if on_poll is not None:
                 on_poll(status, revision_id, set_progress)
@@ -538,8 +726,10 @@ def _print_deployment_result(
     last_status: str,
     *,
     dashboard_label: str,
+    status_url: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Print final deployment status and raise on failure."""
+    em = _get_emitter()
     dep_info = client.get_deployment(deployment_id)
     custom_url = None
     if isinstance(dep_info, dict):
@@ -548,24 +738,28 @@ def _print_deployment_result(
             custom_url = sc.get("custom_url")
 
     if last_status == "DEPLOYED":
-        click.secho("   Deployment successful!", fg="green")
-        if custom_url:
-            click.secho(f"   URL: {custom_url}", fg="green")
+        em.result(
+            "succeeded",
+            deployment_id=deployment_id,
+            url=custom_url,
+            status_url=status_url,
+        )
     elif last_status in ("BUILD_FAILED", "DEPLOY_FAILED", "CREATE_FAILED"):
-        click.secho(f"   Deployment failed: {last_status}", fg="red")
+        em.result(
+            "failed",
+            deployment_id=deployment_id,
+            status_url=status_url,
+        )
         raise click.exceptions.Exit(1)
     else:
-        click.secho(
-            f"   Timed out waiting for deployment (last status: {last_status}).",
-            fg="yellow",
+        em.result(
+            "timed_out",
+            deployment_id=deployment_id,
+            status_url=status_url,
+            fallback_status_message=(
+                f"Check status in the LangSmith {dashboard_label}."
+            ),
         )
-        if custom_url:
-            click.secho(f"   Check status at: {custom_url}", fg="yellow")
-        else:
-            click.secho(
-                f"   Check status in the LangSmith {dashboard_label}.",
-                fg="yellow",
-            )
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -594,14 +788,16 @@ def _docker_config_for_token(registry_host: str, token: str):
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 _UPLOAD_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 300
+_BYTES_PER_MIB = 1_048_576
 
 
 class _ProgressReader:
-    """File-like wrapper that displays upload progress via click."""
+    """File-like wrapper that reports upload progress via the emitter."""
 
-    def __init__(self, fobj, file_size: int):
+    def __init__(self, fobj, file_size: int, emitter: "_Emitter"):
         self._fobj = fobj
         self._file_size = file_size
+        self._emitter = emitter
         self._uploaded = 0
 
     def read(self, size=-1):
@@ -611,10 +807,7 @@ class _ProgressReader:
             pct = (
                 int(self._uploaded * 100 / self._file_size) if self._file_size else 100
             )
-            click.echo(
-                f"\r   Uploading ({self._file_size / 1_048_576:.1f} MB)... {pct}%",
-                nl=False,
-            )
+            self._emitter.upload_progress(self._file_size / _BYTES_PER_MIB, pct)
         return data
 
     def __len__(self):
@@ -626,10 +819,13 @@ def _upload_to_gcs(signed_url: str, file_path: str, file_size: int) -> None:
     import urllib.error
     import urllib.request
 
+    em = _get_emitter()
+
     with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
+        reader = _ProgressReader(f, file_size, em)
         req = urllib.request.Request(
             signed_url,
-            data=_ProgressReader(f, file_size),
+            data=reader,
             method="PUT",
             headers={
                 "Content-Type": "application/gzip",
@@ -644,7 +840,8 @@ def _upload_to_gcs(signed_url: str, file_path: str, file_size: int) -> None:
             raise click.ClickException(
                 f"Upload failed with status {err.code}: {detail}"
             ) from None
-    click.echo()
+    if not em.json_mode:
+        click.echo()
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -752,7 +949,7 @@ def _run_local_build(
         if "://" in normalized_registry:
             normalized_registry = normalized_registry.split("//", 1)[1]
         repo_seed = image_name or name or config.parent.name
-        repo_name = normalize_image_name(repo_seed)
+        repo_name = normalize_name(repo_seed)
         tag_value = normalize_image_tag(tag)
         remote_image = f"{normalized_registry}/{repo_name}:{tag_value}"
 
@@ -811,9 +1008,8 @@ def _run_local_build(
                     break
                 except click.exceptions.Exit:
                     if attempt < max_push_retries - 1:
-                        click.secho(
-                            f"   Push failed, retrying (attempt {attempt + 2} of {max_push_retries})...",
-                            fg="yellow",
+                        _get_emitter().warn(
+                            f"   Push failed, retrying (attempt {attempt + 2} of {max_push_retries})..."
                         )
                     else:
                         raise
@@ -847,9 +1043,10 @@ def _run_remote_build(
     """Upload source tarball and trigger a remote build."""
     from langgraph_cli.archive import create_archive
 
+    em = _get_emitter()
     _log_deploy_step(step, "Creating source archive")
     with create_archive(config, config_json) as (archive_path, file_size, config_rel):
-        click.secho(f"   Archive created ({file_size / 1_048_576:.1f} MB)", fg="green")
+        em.info(f"Archive created ({file_size / _BYTES_PER_MIB:.1f} MB)")
         step += 1
 
         _log_deploy_step(step, "Requesting upload URL")
@@ -897,12 +1094,12 @@ def _run_remote_build(
                 if has_output:
                     set_progress("")
                     if not logs_header_printed:
-                        click.echo(f"   {status} (build logs):")
+                        em.info(f"{status} (build logs):")
                         logs_header_printed = True
                 for entry in entries:
                     msg = entry.get("message", "")
                     if msg:
-                        click.echo(f"   | {msg}")
+                        em.log(msg)
                 log_offset = logs_resp.get("next_offset") or log_offset
                 if has_output:
                     set_progress(f"{status}...")
@@ -910,11 +1107,10 @@ def _run_remote_build(
             pass
 
     def _handle_interrupt(revision_id: str) -> None:
-        click.secho(
-            f"\n   Interrupted. Deployment ID: {deployment_id}, Revision ID: {revision_id}",
-            fg="yellow",
+        em.warn(
+            f"\nInterrupted. Deployment ID: {deployment_id}, Revision ID: {revision_id}"
         )
-        click.secho("   The build will continue remotely.", fg="yellow")
+        em.warn("The build will continue remotely.")
 
     return BuildResult(
         updated=updated if isinstance(updated, dict) else {},
@@ -952,12 +1148,20 @@ def _create_host_backend_client(
                 resolved_api_key = val
                 break
     if not resolved_api_key:
+        if _no_input:
+            raise click.ClickException(
+                "No LangSmith API key found. Set LANGSMITH_API_KEY in the "
+                "environment or .env file."
+            )
         click.secho(
             "No LangSmith API key found. Create one at Settings > API Keys in LangSmith.",
             fg="yellow",
         )
         resolved_api_key = click.prompt("Enter LangSmith API key", hide_input=True)
-    return HostBackendClient(host_url, resolved_api_key)
+    tenant_id = env_vars.get("LANGSMITH_TENANT_ID") or os.environ.get(
+        "LANGSMITH_TENANT_ID"
+    )
+    return HostBackendClient(host_url, resolved_api_key, tenant_id=tenant_id)
 
 
 def _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant(
@@ -982,6 +1186,12 @@ def _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant(
                 and err.status_code == 403
                 and "requires workspace specification" in err.message
             ):
+                if _no_input:
+                    raise click.ClickException(
+                        "API key is org-scoped and requires a workspace ID. "
+                        "Set LANGSMITH_TENANT_ID in your .env file or "
+                        "use a workspace-scoped API key."
+                    ) from None
                 click.secho(
                     "Your API key is org-scoped and requires a workspace ID.",
                     fg="yellow",
@@ -1189,6 +1399,19 @@ def _deploy_base_options(
                     "if Docker is not available locally."
                 ),
             ),
+            click.option(
+                "--json",
+                "json_output",
+                is_flag=True,
+                default=False,
+                help="Emit structured JSON-lines to stdout instead of human-readable text.",
+            ),
+            click.option(
+                "--no-input",
+                is_flag=True,
+                default=False,
+                help="Never prompt for input; fail with an error if a required value is missing.",
+            ),
         ]
         if include_docker_args:
             # Only attach build args to the default command; on the group they
@@ -1256,36 +1479,50 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
     no_wait: bool,
     remote_build_flag: bool | None,
     docker_build_args: Sequence[str],
+    json_output: bool,
+    no_input: bool,
 ):
-    click.secho(
-        "Note: 'langgraph deploy' is in beta. Expect frequent updates and improvements.",
-        fg="yellow",
+    global _emitter, _no_input
+    _emitter = _Emitter(json_mode=json_output)
+    _no_input = no_input
+    em = _emitter
+
+    em.note(
+        "Note: 'langgraph deploy' is in beta. Expect frequent updates and improvements."
     )
-    click.echo()
+    if not json_output:
+        click.echo()
 
     # -- 1. Preflight --
     validate_deploy_commands(install_command, build_command)
     config_json = langgraph_cli.config.validate_config_file(config)
-    warn_non_wolfi_distro(config_json)
+    warn_non_wolfi_distro(config_json, emit=em.note)
 
     env_vars = _parse_env_from_config(config_json, config)
 
     if not deployment_id and not name:
         name = env_vars.get(_DEPLOYMENT_NAME_ENV)
     if not deployment_id and not name:
-        default_name = normalize_image_name(pathlib.Path.cwd().name)
-        name = click.prompt("Deployment name", default=default_name)
-        env_path = _resolve_env_path(config_json, config)
-        if env_path is not None:
-            set_key(str(env_path), _DEPLOYMENT_NAME_ENV, name)
-            click.echo(f"Saved deployment name to {env_path}")
+        default_name = normalize_name(pathlib.Path.cwd().name)
+        if no_input:
+            name = default_name
+        else:
+            name = click.prompt("Deployment name", default=default_name)
+    if name and not deployment_id:
+        name = normalize_name(name)
+        if not no_input:
+            env_path = _resolve_env_path(config_json, config)
+            if env_path is not None:
+                set_key(str(env_path), _DEPLOYMENT_NAME_ENV, name)
+                em.info(f"Saved deployment name to {env_path}")
 
     secrets = _secrets_from_env(_env_without_deployment_name(env_vars))
 
     use_remote_build, local_build_error = _resolve_build_mode(remote_build_flag)
     if use_remote_build and remote_build_flag is None and local_build_error:
-        click.secho(f"{local_build_error}\nUsing remote build instead.", fg="yellow")
-        click.echo()
+        em.note(f"{local_build_error}\nUsing remote build instead.")
+        if not json_output:
+            click.echo()
 
     # -- 2. Resolve / create deployment --
     client = _create_host_backend_client(host_url, api_key, env_vars=env_vars)
@@ -1297,9 +1534,9 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
         deployment_id,
         name,
         not_found_message=(
-            "   No deployment found. Will create."
+            "No deployment found. Will create."
             if use_remote_build
-            else "   No deployment found. Will create after build."
+            else "No deployment found. Will create after build."
         ),
     )
 
@@ -1350,10 +1587,14 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
         )
 
     # -- 4. Shared wait + result --
-    _print_deployment_status_url(build_result.updated, deployment_id, host_url)
+    dep_status_url = _emit_deployment_status_url(
+        build_result.updated,
+        deployment_id,
+        host_url,
+    )
 
     if no_wait:
-        click.secho(f"   {build_result.no_result_message}", fg="green")
+        em.info(build_result.no_result_message)
         return
 
     last_status, revision_id = _poll_revision_status(
@@ -1366,7 +1607,7 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
         on_interrupt=build_result.on_interrupt,
     )
     if not last_status:
-        click.secho(f"   {build_result.no_result_message}", fg="green")
+        em.info(build_result.no_result_message)
         return
 
     if (
@@ -1375,7 +1616,7 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
         and not verbose
         and revision_id is not None
     ):
-        click.secho("   Last build log lines:", fg="red")
+        em.error("Last build log lines:")
         try:
             logs_resp = client.get_build_logs(
                 deployment_id,
@@ -1387,19 +1628,17 @@ def _deploy_cmd(
                 for entry in entries:
                     msg = entry.get("message", "")
                     if msg:
-                        click.echo(f"   | {msg}")
+                        em.log(msg)
         except Exception:
-            click.secho("   (failed to fetch build logs)", fg="red")
-        click.secho(
-            "   Re-run with --verbose to see full build output.",
-            fg="yellow",
-        )
+            em.error("(failed to fetch build logs)")
+        em.warn("Re-run with --verbose to see full build output.")
 
     _print_deployment_result(
         client,
         deployment_id,
         last_status,
         dashboard_label="Deployment dashboard",
+        status_url=dep_status_url,
     )
 
 

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/progress.py

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ class Progress:
         while True:
             yield from "|/-\\"
 
-    def __init__(self, *, message="", elapsed: bool = False):
+    def __init__(self, *, message="", elapsed: bool = False, json_mode: bool = False):
         self.message = message
         self._base_message = message
         self._show_elapsed = elapsed
+        self._json_mode = json_mode
         # use this to make sure we don't kill thread when we set msg to ""
         self._stop = threading.Event()
         # signalled when the spinner has no text on screen
@@ -69,6 +70,9 @@ class Progress:
             self._line_clear.set()
 
     def __enter__(self) -> Callable[[str], None]:
+        if self._json_mode:
+            return lambda message: None
+
         if sys.stdout.isatty():
             self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self.spinner_task)
             self.thread.start()
@@ -90,6 +94,8 @@ class Progress:
             return set_message
 
     def __exit__(self, exception, value, tb):
+        if self._json_mode:
+            return
         if sys.stdout.isatty():
             self.message = ""
             self._stop.set()

libs/cli/langgraph_cli/util.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 """General-purpose utilities shared across the LangGraph CLI."""
 
+from collections.abc import Callable
+
 import click
 
 
@@ -7,21 +9,42 @@ def clean_empty_lines(input_str: str):
     return "\n".join(filter(None, input_str.splitlines()))
 
 
-def warn_non_wolfi_distro(config_json: dict) -> None:
-    """Show warning if image_distro is not set to 'wolfi'."""
+def warn_non_wolfi_distro(
+    config_json: dict,
+    *,
+    emit: Callable[[str], None] | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Show warning if image_distro is not set to 'wolfi'.
+
+    When ``emit`` is provided, each warning line is sent through it (used by
+    callers that need JSON-aware output). Otherwise falls back to colored
+    ``click.secho`` output.
+    """
     image_distro = config_json.get("image_distro", "debian")  # Default is debian
-    if image_distro != "wolfi":
-        click.secho(
-            "⚠️  Security Recommendation: Consider switching to Wolfi Linux for enhanced security.",
-            fg="yellow",
-            bold=True,
+    if image_distro == "wolfi":
+        return
+    if emit is not None:
+        emit(
+            "⚠️  Security Recommendation: Consider switching to Wolfi Linux for enhanced security."
         )
-        click.secho(
-            "   Wolfi is a security-oriented, minimal Linux distribution designed for containers.",
-            fg="yellow",
+        emit(
+            "   Wolfi is a security-oriented, minimal Linux distribution designed for containers."
         )
-        click.secho(
-            '   To switch, add \'"image_distro": "wolfi"\' to your langgraph.json config file.',
-            fg="yellow",
+        emit(
+            '   To switch, add \'"image_distro": "wolfi"\' to your langgraph.json config file.'
         )
-        click.secho("")  # Empty line for better readability
+        return
+    click.secho(
+        "⚠️  Security Recommendation: Consider switching to Wolfi Linux for enhanced security.",
+        fg="yellow",
+        bold=True,
+    )
+    click.secho(
+        "   Wolfi is a security-oriented, minimal Linux distribution designed for containers.",
+        fg="yellow",
+    )
+    click.secho(
+        '   To switch, add \'"image_distro": "wolfi"\' to your langgraph.json config file.',
+        fg="yellow",
+    )
+    click.secho("")  # Empty line for better readability

libs/cli/tests/unit_tests/test_config.py

@@ -2944,6 +2944,23 @@ def test_docker_tag_with_api_version(in_config: bool):
     assert tag == f"langchain/langgraph-server:{version}-py3.11"
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("in_config", [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("version", ["0.9.0rc1", "0.9.0.dev1"])
+def test_docker_tag_with_prerelease_api_version(version: str, in_config: bool):
+    """Test docker_tag with prerelease and dev api_version values."""
+    config = validate_config(
+        {
+            "python_version": "3.11",
+            "dependencies": ["."],
+            "graphs": {"agent": "./agent.py:graph"},
+            "api_version": version if in_config else None,
+        }
+    )
+
+    tag = docker_tag(config, api_version=version if not in_config else None)
+    assert tag == f"langchain/langgraph-api:{version}-py3.11"
+
+
 def test_config_to_docker_with_api_version():
     """Test config_to_docker function with api_version parameter."""
 

libs/cli/tests/unit_tests/test_deploy_helpers.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import base64
+import io
 import json
 import os
+import sys
 
 import click
 import httpx
@@ -8,12 +10,15 @@ import pytest
 
 from langgraph_cli.deploy import (
     _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant,
+    _create_host_backend_client,
     _docker_config_for_token,
+    _Emitter,
     _env_without_deployment_name,
     _parse_env_from_config,
     _resolve_env_path,
-    normalize_image_name,
+    _smith_dashboard_base_url,
     normalize_image_tag,
+    normalize_name,
 )
 from langgraph_cli.host_backend import HostBackendClient, HostBackendError
 
@@ -40,30 +45,33 @@ class TestDockerConfigForToken:
             assert "gcr.io" in data["auths"]
 
 
-class TestNormalizeImageName:
+class TestNormalizeName:
     def test_simple_name(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("myapp") == "myapp"
+        assert normalize_name("myapp") == "myapp"
 
     def test_uppercase_lowered(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("MyApp") == "myapp"
+        assert normalize_name("MyApp") == "myapp"
 
     def test_special_chars_replaced(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("my app!@#v2") == "my-app-v2"
+        assert normalize_name("my app!@#v2") == "my-app-v2"
 
-    def test_dots_and_hyphens_kept(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("my-app.v2") == "my-app.v2"
+    def test_dots_replaced_with_hyphens(self):
+        assert normalize_name("my-app.v2") == "my-app-v2"
+
+    def test_underscores_replaced_with_hyphens(self):
+        assert normalize_name("simple_graph_name") == "simple-graph-name"
 
     def test_leading_trailing_stripped(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("--my-app..") == "my-app"
+        assert normalize_name("--my-app..") == "my-app"
 
     def test_empty_string_returns_app(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("") == "app"
+        assert normalize_name("") == "app"
 
     def test_none_returns_app(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name(None) == "app"
+        assert normalize_name(None) == "app"
 
     def test_all_invalid_chars_returns_app(self):
-        assert normalize_image_name("!!!") == "app"
+        assert normalize_name("!!!") == "app"
 
 
 class TestNormalizeImageTag:
@@ -271,3 +279,256 @@ class TestCallHostBackendWithOptionalTenant:
             _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant(
                 client, lambda c: c.list_deployments()
             )
+
+    def test_workspace_prompt_blocked_by_no_input(self, monkeypatch):
+        """With _no_input=True, 403 requiring workspace should raise ClickException."""
+        import langgraph_cli.deploy as deploy_mod
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(deploy_mod, "_no_input", True)
+
+        requires_workspace = '{"detail":"requires workspace specification"}'
+        client = self._make_client(
+            lambda req: httpx.Response(403, text=requires_workspace)
+        )
+        with pytest.raises(click.ClickException, match="workspace"):
+            _call_host_backend_with_optional_tenant(
+                client, lambda c: c.list_deployments()
+            )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _Emitter JSON mode
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestEmitterJsonMode:
+    """Verify that _Emitter in json_mode writes valid JSON-lines to stdout."""
+
+    def _capture(self, fn):
+        """Run fn with stdout captured and return parsed JSON objects."""
+        buf = io.StringIO()
+        old = sys.stdout
+        sys.stdout = buf
+        try:
+            fn()
+        finally:
+            sys.stdout = old
+        lines = [line for line in buf.getvalue().splitlines() if line.strip()]
+        return [json.loads(line) for line in lines]
+
+    def test_step_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.step(1, "Building image"))
+        assert len(events) == 1
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "step"
+        assert events[0]["step"] == 1
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "Building image"
+
+    def test_info_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.info("All good"))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "info"
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "All good"
+
+    def test_warn_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.warn("Careful"))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "warn"
+
+    def test_error_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.error("Boom"))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "error"
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "Boom"
+
+    def test_status_change_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.status_change("building", 12.345))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "status_change"
+        assert events[0]["status"] == "building"
+        assert events[0]["elapsed_seconds"] == 12.3
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "building... (12s)"
+
+    def test_status_change_event_with_minutes(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.status_change("deploying", 95.0))
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "deploying... (1m 35s)"
+
+    def test_log_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.log("some output"))
+        assert events[0] == {"event": "log", "message": "some output"}
+
+    def test_status_url_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(
+            lambda: em.status_url("https://smith.langchain.com/deploy/123")
+        )
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "status_url"
+        assert events[0]["url"] == "https://smith.langchain.com/deploy/123"
+
+    def test_result_event_full(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(
+            lambda: em.result(
+                "succeeded",
+                deployment_id="dep-1",
+                url="https://app.example.com",
+                status_url="https://smith.langchain.com/deploy/dep-1",
+            )
+        )
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "result"
+        assert events[0]["status"] == "succeeded"
+        assert events[0]["deployment_id"] == "dep-1"
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "Deployment successful!"
+        assert events[0]["url"] == "https://app.example.com"
+        assert events[0]["status_url"] == "https://smith.langchain.com/deploy/dep-1"
+
+    def test_result_event_minimal(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.result("failed", deployment_id="dep-2"))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "result"
+        assert events[0]["status"] == "failed"
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "Deployment failed"
+        assert "url" not in events[0]
+        assert "status_url" not in events[0]
+
+    def test_heartbeat_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.heartbeat("building", 30.789))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "heartbeat"
+        assert events[0]["elapsed_seconds"] == 30.8
+        assert events[0]["message"] == "building... (30s)"
+
+    def test_heartbeat_silent_in_text_mode(self, capsys):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=False)
+        em.heartbeat("building", 10.0)
+        captured = capsys.readouterr()
+        assert captured.out == ""
+
+    def test_upload_progress_event(self):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=True)
+        events = self._capture(lambda: em.upload_progress(5.678, 42))
+        assert events[0]["event"] == "upload_progress"
+        assert events[0]["size_mb"] == 5.7
+        assert events[0]["pct"] == 42
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _Emitter text mode (non-json)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestEmitterTextMode:
+    """Verify that _Emitter in text mode uses click.echo/click.secho."""
+
+    def test_step_writes_text(self, capsys):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=False)
+        em.step(1, "Hello")
+        captured = capsys.readouterr()
+        assert "1. Hello" in captured.out
+
+    def test_log_writes_text(self, capsys):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=False)
+        em.log("my line")
+        captured = capsys.readouterr()
+        assert "my line" in captured.out
+
+    def test_result_succeeded_text(self, capsys):
+        em = _Emitter(json_mode=False)
+        em.result("succeeded", deployment_id="d1", url="https://app.test")
+        captured = capsys.readouterr()
+        lines = [line.strip() for line in captured.out.splitlines() if line.strip()]
+        assert "Deployment successful!" in lines
+        assert "URL: https://app.test" in lines
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# --no-input guard on _create_host_backend_client
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestCreateHostBackendClientNoInput:
+    def test_raises_when_no_api_key_and_no_input(self, monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+        import langgraph_cli.deploy as deploy_mod
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(deploy_mod, "_no_input", True)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("LANGSMITH_API_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("LANGCHAIN_API_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("LANGGRAPH_HOST_API_KEY", raising=False)
+
+        with pytest.raises(click.ClickException, match="API key"):
+            _create_host_backend_client(
+                host_url="https://api.example.com",
+                api_key=None,
+                env_vars={},
+            )
+
+    def test_succeeds_with_api_key_in_env(self, monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+        import langgraph_cli.deploy as deploy_mod
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(deploy_mod, "_no_input", True)
+        monkeypatch.setenv("LANGSMITH_API_KEY", "lsv2_test")
+
+        client = _create_host_backend_client(
+            host_url="https://api.example.com",
+            api_key=None,
+            env_vars={},
+        )
+        assert client is not None
+
+
+class TestSmithDashboardBaseUrl:
+    def test_none_returns_default(self):
+        assert _smith_dashboard_base_url(None) == "https://smith.langchain.com"
+
+    def test_empty_returns_default(self):
+        assert _smith_dashboard_base_url("") == "https://smith.langchain.com"
+
+    def test_prod_host_url(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("https://api.host.langchain.com")
+            == "https://smith.langchain.com"
+        )
+
+    def test_dev_host_url(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("https://dev.api.host.langchain.com")
+            == "https://dev.smith.langchain.com"
+        )
+
+    def test_eu_host_url(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("https://eu.api.host.langchain.com")
+            == "https://eu.smith.langchain.com"
+        )
+
+    def test_staging_host_url(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("https://staging.api.host.langchain.com")
+            == "https://staging.smith.langchain.com"
+        )
+
+    def test_localhost(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("http://localhost:8080")
+            == "http://localhost:8080"
+        )
+
+    def test_localhost_trailing_slash(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("http://localhost:8080/")
+            == "http://localhost:8080"
+        )
+
+    def test_127_0_0_1(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("http://127.0.0.1:3000")
+            == "http://127.0.0.1:3000"
+        )
+
+    def test_unknown_domain_returns_default(self):
+        assert (
+            _smith_dashboard_base_url("https://custom.example.com")
+            == "https://smith.langchain.com"
+        )

libs/cli/uv-examples/monorepo/pyproject.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ description = "uv workspace monorepo example for LangGraph CLI integration test"
 requires-python = ">=3.11"
 dependencies = [
     "langgraph>=0.6.0,<2",
-    "langchain-core>=0.2.14",
+    "langchain-core>=1.3.3",
 ]
 
 [tool.uv.workspace]

libs/cli/uv-examples/monorepo/uv.lock

@@ -215,10 +215,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "langchain-core"
-version = "1.2.28"
+version = "1.3.3"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "jsonpatch" },
+    { name = "langchain-protocol" },
     { name = "langsmith" },
     { name = "packaging" },
     { name = "pydantic" },
@@ -227,9 +228,21 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "typing-extensions" },
     { name = "uuid-utils" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f8/a4/317a1a3ac1df33a64adb3670bf88bbe3b3d5baa274db6863a979db472897/langchain_core-1.2.28.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:271a3d8bd618f795fdeba112b0753980457fc90537c46a0c11998516a74dc2cb", size = 846119, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:34.867Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d3/ae/8b74458fc3850ec3d150eb9f45e857db129dafa801fb5cf173dfc9f8bbf3/langchain_core-1.3.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:fa510a5db8efdc0c6ff41c0939fb5c00a0183c11f6b84233e892e3227ff69182", size = 915041, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:36.612Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/92/32f785f077c7e898da97064f113c73fbd9ad55d1e2169cf3a391b183dedb/langchain_core-1.2.28-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:80764232581eaf8057bcefa71dbf8adc1f6a28d257ebd8b95ba9b8b452e8c6ac", size = 508727, upload-time = "2026-04-08T18:19:32.823Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/01/4771b7ab2af1d1aba5b710bd8f13d9225c609425214b357590a17b01be77/langchain_core-1.3.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:18aae8506f37da7f74398492279a7d6efcee4f8e23c4c41c7af080eeb7ef7bd1", size = 543857, upload-time = "2026-05-05T19:02:34.52Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "langchain-protocol"
+version = "0.0.15"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "typing-extensions" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/24/9777489d6fbbee64af0c8f96d4f840239c408cf694f3394672807dafc490/langchain_protocol-0.0.15.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9ab2d11ee73944754f10e037e717098d3a6796f0e58afa9cadda6154e7655ade", size = 5862, upload-time = "2026-05-01T22:30:04.748Z" }
+wheels = [
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 [[package]]

libs/langgraph/langgraph/_internal/_config.py

@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ from langgraph._internal._constants import (
 )
 
 DEFAULT_RECURSION_LIMIT = int(getenv("LANGGRAPH_DEFAULT_RECURSION_LIMIT", "10007"))
+DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT = int(
+    getenv("LANGGRAPH_DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT", "5000")
+)
 
 
 def recast_checkpoint_ns(ns: str) -> str:

libs/langgraph/langgraph/_internal/_constants.py

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ RESUME = sys.intern("__resume__")
 # for values passed to resume a node after an interrupt
 ERROR = sys.intern("__error__")
 # for errors raised by nodes
+ERROR_SOURCE_NODE = sys.intern("__error_source_node__")
+# failed source node name for node-level error handlers
+# value format in pending writes: `(task_id, ERROR_SOURCE_NODE, node_name: str)`
 NO_WRITES = sys.intern("__no_writes__")
 # marker to signal node didn't write anything
 TASKS = sys.intern("__pregel_tasks")
@@ -71,6 +74,10 @@ CONFIG_KEY_RESUME_MAP = sys.intern("__pregel_resume_map")
 CONFIG_KEY_STREAM_MESSAGES_V2 = sys.intern("__pregel_stream_messages_v2")
 # when True, attach StreamMessagesHandlerV2 so content-block (v2) events
 # flow through stream_mode="messages"; set by StreamingHandler only.
+CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR = sys.intern("__pregel_node_error")
+# holds a `NodeError` (failed source node + exception) for the current
+# node-level error handler invocation, injected when handler signature
+# requests `error: NodeError`
 
 # --- Other constants ---
 PUSH = sys.intern("__pregel_push")
@@ -98,6 +105,7 @@ RESERVED = {
     INTERRUPT,
     RESUME,
     ERROR,
+    ERROR_SOURCE_NODE,
     NO_WRITES,
     # reserved config.configurable keys
     CONFIG_KEY_SEND,

libs/langgraph/langgraph/_internal/_runnable.py

@@ -51,9 +51,11 @@ from langgraph._internal._config import (
 )
 from langgraph._internal._constants import (
     CONF,
+    CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR,
     CONFIG_KEY_RUNTIME,
 )
 from langgraph._internal._typing import MISSING
+from langgraph.errors import NodeError
 from langgraph.types import StreamWriter
 
 try:
@@ -194,6 +196,15 @@ KWARGS_CONFIG_KEYS: tuple[tuple[str, tuple[Any, ...], str, Any], ...] = (
         "N/A",
         inspect.Parameter.empty,
     ),
+    (
+        "error",
+        (NodeError, "NodeError"),
+        # we never hit this block, we read directly from configurable
+        "N/A",
+        # default to None so non-handler nodes that happen to type a parameter
+        # `error: NodeError` don't blow up; handlers always receive a NodeError.
+        None,
+    ),
 )
 """List of kwargs that can be passed to functions, and their corresponding
 config keys, default values and type annotations.
@@ -367,6 +378,8 @@ class RunnableCallable(Runnable):
             kw_value: Any = MISSING
             if kw == "config":
                 kw_value = config
+            elif kw == "error":
+                kw_value = config.get(CONF, {}).get(CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR, MISSING)
             elif runtime:
                 if kw == "runtime":
                     kw_value = runtime
@@ -439,6 +452,8 @@ class RunnableCallable(Runnable):
             kw_value: Any = MISSING
             if kw == "config":
                 kw_value = config
+            elif kw == "error":
+                kw_value = config.get(CONF, {}).get(CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR, MISSING)
             elif runtime:
                 if kw == "runtime":
                     kw_value = runtime

libs/langgraph/langgraph/channels/delta.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import copy as _copy
 from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from typing import Any, Generic
 
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DELTA_SENTINEL, PendingWrite
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import PendingWrite
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 from typing_extensions import Self
 
@@ -26,6 +26,15 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
     """Reducer channel that stores only a sentinel in checkpoint blobs and
     reconstructs state by replaying ancestor writes through the reducer.
 
+    !!! warning "Beta"
+
+        `DeltaChannel` is in beta. The API and on-disk representation may
+        change in future releases. Threads written with `DeltaChannel` today
+        are expected to remain readable, but the surrounding contract
+        (`BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history`, the
+        `_DeltaSnapshot` blob shape, the `counters_since_delta_snapshot`
+        metadata field) is not yet stable.
+
     The reducer receives the current accumulated value and a batch of writes
     in one call: `reducer(state, [write1, write2, ...]) -> new_state`.
 
@@ -38,19 +47,20 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
     This lets LangGraph replay checkpointed writes in larger batches than they
     were originally produced without changing reconstructed state.
 
-    `snapshot_frequency=None` (default): pure delta; stores only
-    `DELTA_SENTINEL` in checkpoint blobs; reads replay all ancestor writes.
-
-    `snapshot_frequency=N`: `create_checkpoint` writes a full `_DeltaSnapshot`
-    blob every N steps, bounding replay depth to N.
+    Snapshot cadence is driven by two counters: per-channel update count and
+    total supersteps since last snapshot. `create_checkpoint` writes a full
+    `_DeltaSnapshot` blob when EITHER the update count reaches
+    `snapshot_frequency` OR the supersteps count reaches the system-wide
+    `DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT` bound (default 5000), bounding
+    replay depth even for channels that stop receiving writes.
 
     Parameters:
         reducer: `(state, list[writes]) -> new_state`. Must be deterministic
             and batching-invariant as described above.
         typ: The value type (e.g. `list`, `dict`). Inferred automatically
             from the outer type when used inside `Annotated[T, DeltaChannel(...)]`.
-        snapshot_frequency: Every Nth pregel step writes a snapshot blob.
-            `None` (default) = pure delta, never snapshot.
+        snapshot_frequency: Every Nth update to this channel writes a snapshot
+            blob (default `1000`). Must be a positive int.
     """
 
     __slots__ = ("value", "reducer", "snapshot_frequency")
@@ -61,8 +71,12 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
         reducer: Callable[[Any, Sequence[Any]], Any],
         typ: type[Value] | None = None,
         *,
-        snapshot_frequency: int | None = None,
+        snapshot_frequency: int = 1000,
     ) -> None:
+        if snapshot_frequency <= 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"snapshot_frequency must be a positive int, got {snapshot_frequency}"
+            )
         if typ is None:
             typ = list  # type: ignore[assignment]  # placeholder; overridden by _is_field_channel
         super().__init__(typ)
@@ -93,14 +107,6 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
     def UpdateType(self) -> Any:
         return self.typ
 
-    def is_snapshot_step(self, step: int) -> bool:
-        """True if pregel should write a snapshot blob at this step."""
-        return (
-            self.snapshot_frequency is not None
-            and step > 0
-            and step % self.snapshot_frequency == 0
-        )
-
     def copy(self) -> Self:
         new = self.__class__(
             self.reducer, self.typ, snapshot_frequency=self.snapshot_frequency
@@ -110,18 +116,19 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
         return new
 
     def from_checkpoint(self, checkpoint: Any) -> Self:
-        """Initialize from a stored blob or sentinel.
+        """Initialize from a stored blob.
 
-        Blob types (dispatched via serde ext code, not dict key inspection):
-          * `DELTA_SENTINEL` / `MISSING`: start empty; caller replays writes.
+        Blob types:
+          * `MISSING`: start empty; caller replays writes.
           * `_DeltaSnapshot(value)`: restore value directly from snapshot.
-          * plain value (migration from old BinOp blobs): use directly.
+          * plain value (migration from old `BinaryOperatorAggregate` blobs):
+            use directly.
         """
         new = self.__class__(
             self.reducer, self.typ, snapshot_frequency=self.snapshot_frequency
         )
         new.key = self.key
-        if checkpoint is MISSING or checkpoint is DELTA_SENTINEL:
+        if checkpoint is MISSING:
             new.value = self.typ()
         elif isinstance(checkpoint, _DeltaSnapshot):
             new.value = checkpoint.value
@@ -186,12 +193,12 @@ class DeltaChannel(Generic[Value], BaseChannel[Any, Any, Any]):
         return self.value is not MISSING
 
     def checkpoint(self) -> Any:
-        """Return stored representation: always `DELTA_SENTINEL`.
+        """Return stored representation: always `MISSING`.
 
-        Snapshot decisions are made by `create_checkpoint` in pregel (which
-        has the step number) via `is_snapshot_step`. `checkpoint()` is only
-        called for non-snapshot steps or when no checkpointer is available.
+        Snapshot decisions live in `create_checkpoint` (which has the channel
+        version) and write `_DeltaSnapshot(ch.get())` directly into
+        `channel_values`. For non-snapshot steps the channel does not appear
+        in `channel_values`; reconstruction walks ancestor writes via the
+        saver's `get_delta_channel_history`.
         """
-        if self.value is MISSING:
-            return MISSING
-        return DELTA_SENTINEL
+        return MISSING

libs/langgraph/langgraph/errors.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from collections.abc import Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import Any, Literal
 from warnings import warn
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ __all__ = (
     "InvalidUpdateError",
     "GraphBubbleUp",
     "GraphInterrupt",
+    "NodeError",
     "NodeInterrupt",
     "NodeTimeoutError",
     "ParentCommand",
@@ -142,12 +144,31 @@ class TaskNotFound(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class NodeTimeoutError(TimeoutError):
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class NodeError:
+    """Failure context passed to a node-level error handler.
+
+    Inject by adding a parameter typed `NodeError` to a handler registered via
+    `StateGraph.add_node(..., error_handler=...)`:
+
+    ```python
+    def handler(state: State, error: NodeError) -> Command:
+        return Command(update={"status": f"recovered from {error.node}: {error.error}"})
+    ```
+    """
+
+    node: str
+    """Name of the node whose execution failed."""
+
+    error: BaseException
+    """Exception raised by the failed node."""
+
+
+class NodeTimeoutError(Exception):
     """Raised when a node invocation exceeds one of its configured timeouts.
 
-    Subclasses the built-in `TimeoutError`, so existing `except TimeoutError`
-    handlers keep working. If the node has a `retry_policy` whose `retry_on`
-    permits `TimeoutError`, the attempt will be retried.
+    Does **not** inherit from the built-in `TimeoutError` (a subclass of
+    `OSError`) so that the default `RetryPolicy` treats it as retryable.
 
     Both `idle_timeout` and `run_timeout` reflect the configured policy at the
     time of the failure (each is `None` if not configured). `kind` and

libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/_node.py

@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ class StateNodeSpec(Generic[NodeInputT, ContextT]):
     input_schema: type[NodeInputT]
     retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None
     cache_policy: CachePolicy | None
+    is_error_handler: bool = False
+    error_handler_node: str | None = None
     ends: tuple[str, ...] | dict[str, str] | None = EMPTY_SEQ
     defer: bool = False
     timeout: TimeoutPolicy | None = None

libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/message.py

@@ -250,14 +250,16 @@ def _messages_delta_reducer(
     """**Experimental.** Batch reducer for use with `DeltaChannel`.
 
     Processes all writes in one pass — dedup by ID, `RemoveMessage`
-    tombstoning — without calling `add_messages`. Assumes writes contain
-    already-typed `BaseMessage` objects (no raw-dict coercion).
+    tombstoning — without calling `add_messages`.
 
     This reducer is batching-invariant, as required by `DeltaChannel`:
     `reducer(reducer(state, xs), ys) == reducer(state, xs + ys)`.
 
-    Use `add_messages` as the reducer for `BinaryOperatorAggregate` or
-    anywhere raw message dicts / strings need to be coerced first.
+    Raw dict / string / tuple inputs are coerced to typed `BaseMessage`
+    objects so that HTTP-driven graphs work without a separate coercion
+    step. This is not full `add_messages` parity — `REMOVE_ALL_MESSAGES`,
+    unknown-id `RemoveMessage` errors, missing-id UUID assignment, and
+    `BaseMessageChunk` conversion are not handled here.
 
     Example::
 
@@ -268,13 +270,30 @@ def _messages_delta_reducer(
         class State(TypedDict):
             messages: Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer)]
     """
-    from itertools import chain
 
-    index: dict[str, int] = {m.id: i for i, m in enumerate(state) if m.id is not None}
-    result: list[AnyMessage | None] = list(state)
-    for msg in chain.from_iterable(
-        [w] if isinstance(w, BaseMessage) else w for w in writes
-    ):
+    # Each write is either a list of message-likes or a single message-like
+    # (BaseMessage / dict / str / tuple). Only lists flatten; everything
+    # else is one message.
+    flat: list[Any] = []
+    for w in writes:
+        if isinstance(w, list):
+            flat.extend(w)
+        else:
+            flat.append(w)
+    # Steady state: the reducer's own output is already typed, so skip
+    # `convert_to_messages` on state when the first element is a BaseMessage.
+    # Only raw input (initial dicts, deserialized blobs) hits the slow path.
+    if state and isinstance(state[0], BaseMessage):
+        state_msgs = state
+    else:
+        state_msgs = cast("list[AnyMessage]", convert_to_messages(state))
+    msgs = cast("list[AnyMessage]", convert_to_messages(flat))
+
+    index: dict[str, int] = {
+        m.id: i for i, m in enumerate(state_msgs) if m.id is not None
+    }
+    result: list[AnyMessage | None] = list(state_msgs)
+    for msg in msgs:
         mid = msg.id
         if mid is None:
             result.append(msg)

libs/langgraph/langgraph/graph/state.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import typing
 import warnings
 from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable, Hashable, Sequence
-from dataclasses import is_dataclass
+from dataclasses import dataclass, is_dataclass
 from datetime import timedelta
 from functools import partial
 from inspect import isclass, isfunction, ismethod, signature
@@ -95,6 +95,17 @@ __all__ = ("StateGraph", "CompiledStateGraph")
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 _CHANNEL_BRANCH_TO = "branch:to:{}"
+_DEFAULT_ERROR_HANDLER_NODE = "__default_error_handler__"
+
+
+@dataclass(slots=True)
+class _NodeDefaults:
+    """Default node policies applied to every node at compile time."""
+
+    retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None
+    cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None
+    error_handler: StateNode[Any, Any] | None = None
+    timeout: TimeoutPolicy | None = None
 
 
 def _warn_invalid_state_schema(schema: type[Any] | Any) -> None:
@@ -251,10 +262,77 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         self.output_schema = cast(type[OutputT], output_schema or state_schema)
         self.context_schema = context_schema
 
+        self._node_defaults: _NodeDefaults = _NodeDefaults()
+
         self._add_schema(self.state_schema)
         self._add_schema(self.input_schema, allow_managed=False)
         self._add_schema(self.output_schema, allow_managed=False)
 
+    def set_node_defaults(
+        self,
+        *,
+        retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
+        cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
+        timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
+    ) -> Self:
+        """Set default node policies that apply to every node in this graph.
+
+        Per-node values passed to `add_node` always take precedence over these
+        defaults. Defaults are applied at `compile()` time. Policies set here
+        are **not** inherited by subgraphs.
+
+        `retry_policy` and `timeout` defaults apply to **all** nodes,
+        including error-handler nodes. `cache_policy` and `error_handler`
+        defaults only apply to regular nodes -- caching error-handler results
+        is unsafe, and handlers must never catch themselves.
+
+        Args:
+            retry_policy: Default retry policy for nodes that don't specify
+                their own via `add_node(..., retry_policy=...)`. Also applies
+                to error-handler nodes.
+            cache_policy: Default cache policy for nodes that don't specify
+                their own via `add_node(..., cache_policy=...)`. Does **not**
+                apply to error-handler nodes.
+            error_handler: Default error handler invoked when any regular node
+                raises and does not have its own `error_handler` set via
+                `add_node`. The handler is **not** invoked when an
+                error-handler node itself raises -- handler failures fail the
+                run.
+            timeout: Default timeout policy for nodes that don't specify their
+                own via `add_node(..., timeout=...)`. Also applies to
+                error-handler nodes. Accepts a `TimeoutPolicy`, a number of
+                seconds (`float`), or a `timedelta`.
+
+        Returns:
+            Self: The builder instance, for chaining.
+
+        Example:
+            ```python
+            graph = (
+                StateGraph(State)
+                .set_node_defaults(
+                    retry_policy=RetryPolicy(max_attempts=3),
+                    error_handler=my_fallback_handler,
+                )
+                .add_node("a", node_a)
+                .add_node("b", node_b, retry_policy=custom_retry)  # overrides default
+                .add_edge(START, "a")
+                .compile()
+            )
+            ```
+        """
+        defaults = self._node_defaults
+        if retry_policy is not None:
+            defaults.retry_policy = retry_policy
+        if cache_policy is not None:
+            defaults.cache_policy = cache_policy
+        if error_handler is not None:
+            defaults.error_handler = error_handler
+        if timeout is not None:
+            defaults.timeout = coerce_timeout_policy(timeout)
+        return self
+
     @property
     def _all_edges(self) -> set[tuple[str, str]]:
         return self.edges | {
@@ -303,6 +381,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         input_schema: None = None,
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
         destinations: dict[str, str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
         **kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -371,6 +450,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         input_schema: type[NodeInputT],
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
         destinations: dict[str, str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
         **kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -444,6 +524,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         input_schema: None = None,
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
         destinations: dict[str, str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
         **kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -512,6 +593,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         input_schema: type[NodeInputT],
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
         destinations: dict[str, str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
         **kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -587,6 +669,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         input_schema: type[NodeInputT] | None = None,
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        error_handler: StateNode[Any, ContextT] | None = None,
         destinations: dict[str, str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
         **kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -607,6 +690,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
 
                 If a sequence is provided, the first matching policy will be applied.
             cache_policy: The cache policy for the node.
+            error_handler: Optional node-level error handler callable for this node.
             destinations: Destinations that indicate where a node can route to.
 
                 Useful for edgeless graphs with nodes that return `Command` objects.
@@ -766,6 +850,25 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
         if destinations is not None:
             ends = destinations
 
+        resolved_input_schema: type[Any] = (
+            input_schema or inferred_input_schema or self.state_schema
+        )
+        handler_node_name: str | None = None
+        if error_handler is not None:
+            handler_node_name = f"__error_handler__{node}"
+            if handler_node_name in self.nodes:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Auto-generated error handler node `{handler_node_name}` already exists."
+                )
+            self.nodes[handler_node_name] = StateNodeSpec[Any, ContextT](
+                coerce_to_runnable(error_handler, name=handler_node_name, trace=False),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                metadata=None,
+                input_schema=resolved_input_schema,
+                retry_policy=None,
+                cache_policy=None,
+                is_error_handler=True,
+            )
+
         if input_schema is not None:
             self.nodes[node] = StateNodeSpec[NodeInputT, ContextT](
                 coerce_to_runnable(action, name=node, trace=False),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
@@ -773,6 +876,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
                 input_schema=input_schema,
                 retry_policy=retry_policy,
                 cache_policy=cache_policy,
+                error_handler_node=handler_node_name,
                 ends=ends,
                 defer=defer,
                 timeout=timeout,
@@ -784,6 +888,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
                 input_schema=inferred_input_schema,
                 retry_policy=retry_policy,
                 cache_policy=cache_policy,
+                error_handler_node=handler_node_name,
                 ends=ends,
                 defer=defer,
                 timeout=timeout,
@@ -795,6 +900,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
                 input_schema=self.state_schema,
                 retry_policy=retry_policy,
                 cache_policy=cache_policy,
+                error_handler_node=handler_node_name,
                 ends=ends,
                 defer=defer,
                 timeout=timeout,
@@ -1052,7 +1158,6 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
             for node in interrupt:
                 if node not in self.nodes:
                     raise ValueError(f"Interrupt node `{node}` not found")
-
         self.compiled = True
         return self
 
@@ -1101,7 +1206,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
             name: The name to use for the compiled graph.
             transformers: Optional sequence of `StreamTransformer` classes or
                 configured factories. Classes and factories are instantiated
-                per run whenever `stream_v2` / `astream_v2` is called and are
+                per run whenever `stream_events(version="v3")` / `astream_events(version="v3")` is called and are
                 propagated to subgraph scopes. Custom factories should follow
                 the standard `StreamTransformer` constructor shape by
                 accepting `scope` as their first argument. Appended after the
@@ -1166,6 +1271,64 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
                 key for key, val in self.channels.items() if not is_managed_value(val)
             ]
         )
+        # Apply builder defaults to node specs. Per-node values always win.
+        # Error-handler routing and cache_policy are only assigned to regular
+        # nodes. Retry and timeout defaults also apply to error-handler nodes.
+        defaults = self._node_defaults
+        default_handler_name: str | None = None
+        if defaults.error_handler is not None:
+            if _DEFAULT_ERROR_HANDLER_NODE in self.nodes:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Auto-generated default error handler node "
+                    f"`{_DEFAULT_ERROR_HANDLER_NODE}` already exists."
+                )
+            default_handler_name = _DEFAULT_ERROR_HANDLER_NODE
+            self.nodes[default_handler_name] = StateNodeSpec[Any, ContextT](
+                coerce_to_runnable(
+                    defaults.error_handler,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    name=default_handler_name,
+                    trace=False,
+                ),
+                metadata=None,
+                input_schema=self.state_schema,
+                retry_policy=None,
+                cache_policy=None,
+                is_error_handler=True,
+            )
+
+        # Apply builder defaults to node specs. Per-node values always win.
+        for spec in self.nodes.values():
+            # error_handler: regular nodes only — handlers must never
+            # catch themselves or other handlers.
+            if (
+                not spec.is_error_handler
+                and default_handler_name is not None
+                and spec.error_handler_node is None
+            ):
+                spec.error_handler_node = default_handler_name
+            # retry: all nodes — handlers should be retried on transient
+            # failures just like regular nodes.
+            if defaults.retry_policy is not None and spec.retry_policy is None:
+                spec.retry_policy = defaults.retry_policy
+            # cache: regular nodes only — caching an error-handler result
+            # is unsafe because the input (failed-node state) may differ
+            # across failures even when the cache key matches.
+            if (
+                not spec.is_error_handler
+                and defaults.cache_policy is not None
+                and spec.cache_policy is None
+            ):
+                spec.cache_policy = defaults.cache_policy
+            # timeout: all nodes — a stuck handler should be cancelled the
+            # same way a stuck regular node would be.
+            if defaults.timeout is not None and spec.timeout is None:
+                spec.timeout = defaults.timeout
+
+        node_error_handler_map = {
+            node_name: spec.error_handler_node
+            for node_name, spec in self.nodes.items()
+            if not spec.is_error_handler and spec.error_handler_node is not None
+        }
 
         compiled = CompiledStateGraph[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT](
             builder=self,
@@ -1188,6 +1351,7 @@ class StateGraph(Generic[StateT, ContextT, InputT, OutputT]):
             debug=debug,
             store=store,
             cache=cache,
+            node_error_handler_map=node_error_handler_map,
             name=name or "LangGraph",
             stream_transformers=transformers,
         )
@@ -1362,6 +1526,8 @@ class CompiledStateGraph(
                 metadata=node.metadata,
                 retry_policy=node.retry_policy,
                 cache_policy=node.cache_policy,
+                is_error_handler=node.is_error_handler,
+                error_handler_node=node.error_handler_node,
                 bound=node.runnable,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
                 timeout=node.timeout,
             )

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_algo.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ from langgraph._internal._constants import (
     CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_MAP,
     CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS,
     CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINTER,
+    CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR,
     CONFIG_KEY_READ,
     CONFIG_KEY_RESUME_MAP,
     CONFIG_KEY_RUNTIME,
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ from langgraph._internal._constants import (
     CONFIG_KEY_TASK_ID,
     CONFIG_KEY_THREAD_ID,
     ERROR,
+    ERROR_SOURCE_NODE,
     INTERRUPT,
     NO_WRITES,
     NS_END,
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ from langgraph.channels.base import BaseChannel
 from langgraph.channels.topic import Topic
 from langgraph.channels.untracked_value import UntrackedValue
 from langgraph.constants import TAG_HIDDEN
+from langgraph.errors import NodeError
 from langgraph.managed.base import ManagedValueMapping
 from langgraph.pregel._call import get_runnable_for_task, identifier
 from langgraph.pregel._io import read_channels
@@ -292,7 +295,15 @@ def apply_writes(
     pending_writes_by_channel: dict[str, list[Any]] = defaultdict(list)
     for task in tasks:
         for chan, val in task.writes:
-            if chan in (NO_WRITES, PUSH, RESUME, INTERRUPT, RETURN, ERROR):
+            if chan in (
+                NO_WRITES,
+                PUSH,
+                RESUME,
+                INTERRUPT,
+                RETURN,
+                ERROR,
+                ERROR_SOURCE_NODE,
+            ):
                 pass
             elif chan in channels:
                 pending_writes_by_channel[chan].append(val)
@@ -750,6 +761,42 @@ def prepare_single_task(
                 return PregelTask(task_id, name, task_path[:3])
 
 
+def _coerce_pending_error(value: Any) -> BaseException:
+    if isinstance(value, BaseException):
+        return value
+    return Exception(str(value))
+
+
+def _read_errors_from_pending_writes(
+    pending_writes: list[PendingWrite],
+) -> list[BaseException]:
+    errors: list[BaseException] = []
+    for _, channel, value in pending_writes:
+        if channel == ERROR:
+            errors.append(_coerce_pending_error(value))
+    return errors
+
+
+def _read_error_for_task_id_from_pending_writes(
+    pending_writes: list[PendingWrite], task_id: str
+) -> BaseException | None:
+    for pending_task_id, channel, value in reversed(pending_writes):
+        if pending_task_id == task_id and channel == ERROR:
+            return _coerce_pending_error(value)
+    return None
+
+
+def _read_error_source_node_from_pending_writes(
+    pending_writes: list[PendingWrite], task_id: str
+) -> str | None:
+    for pending_task_id, channel, value in reversed(pending_writes):
+        if pending_task_id == task_id and channel == ERROR_SOURCE_NODE:
+            if isinstance(value, str):
+                return value
+            return str(value)
+    return None
+
+
 def prepare_push_task_functional(
     task_path: tuple[str, tuple, int, str, Call],
     # (PUSH, parent task path, idx of PUSH write, id of parent task, Call)
@@ -1060,6 +1107,147 @@ def prepare_push_task_send(
         return PregelTask(task_id, packet.node, translated_task_path)
 
 
+def prepare_node_error_handler_task(
+    failed_task: PregelExecutableTask,
+    *,
+    handler_node_name: str,
+    failed_error: BaseException,
+    checkpoint: Checkpoint,
+    pending_writes: list[PendingWrite],
+    processes: Mapping[str, PregelNode],
+    channels: Mapping[str, BaseChannel],
+    managed: ManagedValueMapping,
+    config: RunnableConfig,
+    step: int,
+    stop: int,
+    store: BaseStore | None = None,
+    checkpointer: BaseCheckpointSaver | None = None,
+    manager: None | ParentRunManager | AsyncParentRunManager = None,
+    cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+    retry_policy: Sequence[RetryPolicy] = (),
+) -> PregelExecutableTask | None:
+    """Prepare an immediate node-level error handler task for a failed task."""
+    if handler_node_name not in processes:
+        return None
+    proc = processes[handler_node_name]
+    proc_node = proc.node
+    if proc_node is None:
+        return None
+
+    checkpoint_id_bytes = binascii.unhexlify(checkpoint["id"].replace("-", ""))
+    task_id_func = _xxhash_str if checkpoint["v"] > 1 else _uuid5_str
+    configurable = config.get(CONF, {})
+    parent_ns = configurable.get(CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS, "")
+    checkpoint_ns = (
+        f"{parent_ns}{NS_SEP}{handler_node_name}" if parent_ns else handler_node_name
+    )
+    task_id = task_id_func(
+        checkpoint_id_bytes,
+        checkpoint_ns,
+        str(step),
+        handler_node_name,
+        PUSH,
+        "node_error_handler",
+        failed_task.id,
+    )
+    task_checkpoint_ns = f"{checkpoint_ns}:{task_id}"
+    translated_task_path = (*failed_task.path[:3], "node_error_handler", False)
+    metadata = {
+        "langgraph_step": step,
+        "langgraph_node": handler_node_name,
+        "langgraph_triggers": PUSH_TRIGGER,
+        "langgraph_path": translated_task_path,
+        "langgraph_checkpoint_ns": task_checkpoint_ns,
+    }
+    if proc.metadata:
+        metadata.update(proc.metadata)
+    writes: deque[tuple[str, Any]] = deque()
+
+    effective_retry_policy = proc.retry_policy or retry_policy
+    effective_cache_policy = proc.cache_policy or cache_policy
+    if effective_cache_policy:
+        args_key = effective_cache_policy.key_func(failed_task.input)
+        cache_key = CacheKey(
+            (
+                CACHE_NS_WRITES,
+                (identifier(proc) or "__dynamic__"),
+                handler_node_name,
+            ),
+            xxh3_128_hexdigest(
+                args_key.encode() if isinstance(args_key, str) else args_key
+            ),
+            effective_cache_policy.ttl,
+        )
+    else:
+        cache_key = None
+
+    scratchpad = _scratchpad(
+        config[CONF].get(CONFIG_KEY_SCRATCHPAD),
+        pending_writes,
+        task_id,
+        xxh3_128_hexdigest(task_checkpoint_ns.encode()),
+        config[CONF].get(CONFIG_KEY_RESUME_MAP),
+        step,
+        stop,
+    )
+    runtime = cast(Runtime, configurable.get(CONFIG_KEY_RUNTIME, DEFAULT_RUNTIME))
+    runtime = runtime.override(
+        store=store, previous=checkpoint["channel_values"].get(PREVIOUS, None)
+    )
+    additional_config: RunnableConfig = {
+        "metadata": metadata,
+        "tags": proc.tags,
+    }
+    return PregelExecutableTask(
+        handler_node_name,
+        failed_task.input,
+        proc_node,
+        writes,
+        patch_config(
+            merge_configs(config, additional_config),
+            run_name=handler_node_name,
+            callbacks=manager.get_child(f"graph:step:{step}") if manager else None,
+            configurable={
+                CONFIG_KEY_TASK_ID: task_id,
+                CONFIG_KEY_SEND: writes.extend,
+                CONFIG_KEY_READ: partial(
+                    local_read,
+                    scratchpad,
+                    channels,
+                    managed,
+                    PregelTaskWrites(
+                        translated_task_path,
+                        handler_node_name,
+                        writes,
+                        PUSH_TRIGGER,
+                    ),
+                ),
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINTER: (
+                    checkpointer or configurable.get(CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINTER)
+                ),
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_MAP: {
+                    **configurable.get(CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_MAP, {}),
+                    parent_ns: checkpoint["id"],
+                },
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_ID: None,
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS: task_checkpoint_ns,
+                CONFIG_KEY_SCRATCHPAD: scratchpad,
+                CONFIG_KEY_RUNTIME: runtime,
+                CONFIG_KEY_NODE_ERROR: NodeError(
+                    node=failed_task.name, error=failed_error
+                ),
+            },
+        ),
+        PUSH_TRIGGER,
+        effective_retry_policy,
+        cache_key,
+        task_id,
+        translated_task_path,
+        writers=proc.flat_writers,
+        subgraphs=proc.subgraphs,
+    )
+
+
 def checkpoint_null_version(
     checkpoint: Checkpoint,
 ) -> V | None:

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_checkpoint.py

@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Any, cast
 
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DELTA_SENTINEL, BaseCheckpointSaver, Checkpoint
+from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
+    BaseCheckpointSaver,
+    Checkpoint,
+)
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base.id import uuid6
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 
+from langgraph._internal._config import DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT
 from langgraph._internal._typing import MISSING
 from langgraph.channels.base import BaseChannel
 from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
@@ -30,6 +34,30 @@ def empty_checkpoint() -> Checkpoint:
     )
 
 
+def delta_channels_to_snapshot(
+    channels: Mapping[str, BaseChannel],
+    counters_since_delta_snapshot: Mapping[str, tuple[int, int]],
+) -> set[str]:
+    """Return the set of DeltaChannel names that should snapshot now.
+
+    A channel snapshots when EITHER its accumulated update count reaches
+    `snapshot_frequency` OR the total supersteps since its last snapshot
+    reaches `DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT`. This is a pure
+    predicate — no mutation.
+    """
+    result: set[str] = set()
+    for name, ch in channels.items():
+        if not isinstance(ch, DeltaChannel) or not ch.is_available():
+            continue
+        updates, supersteps = counters_since_delta_snapshot.get(name, (0, 0))
+        if (
+            updates >= ch.snapshot_frequency
+            or supersteps >= DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT
+        ):
+            result.add(name)
+    return result
+
+
 def create_checkpoint(
     checkpoint: Checkpoint,
     channels: Mapping[str, BaseChannel] | None,
@@ -38,22 +66,19 @@ def create_checkpoint(
     id: str | None = None,
     updated_channels: set[str] | None = None,
     get_next_version: GetNextVersion | None = None,
-    force_delta_snapshot: bool = False,
+    channels_to_snapshot: set[str] | None = None,
 ) -> Checkpoint:
-    """Create a checkpoint for the given channels.
+    """Build a new Checkpoint from the previous one and live channel state.
 
-    For `DeltaChannel` with `snapshot_frequency=N`, snapshot steps write a
-    `_DeltaSnapshot` blob rather than `DELTA_SENTINEL`, bounding the ancestor
-    walk to at most N steps. Snapshots are eager: even if the channel had no
-    write this step, a version bump is forced (via `get_next_version`) so the
-    blob is stored by `put()`. Without `get_next_version` (e.g. static
-    contexts), snapshot steps gracefully fall back to sentinel.
-
-    `force_delta_snapshot` writes available `DeltaChannel` values as snapshots
-    regardless of `snapshot_frequency`. This is used by `durability="exit"`,
-    where intermediate writes are not stored as ancestor `checkpoint_writes`.
+    For each name in `channels_to_snapshot`, a `_DeltaSnapshot(value)` blob
+    is written into `channel_values[k]`. Other delta channels are omitted
+    from `channel_values` — the ancestor walk reconstructs their state
+    from `checkpoint_writes`. Callers compute the set via
+    `delta_channels_to_snapshot(channels, counters)`; defaults to empty
+    (no snapshots) when not provided.
     """
     ts = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+    channels_to_snapshot = channels_to_snapshot or set()
     if channels is None:
         values = checkpoint["channel_values"]
         channel_versions = checkpoint["channel_versions"]
@@ -64,13 +89,18 @@ def create_checkpoint(
             if k not in channel_versions:
                 continue
             ch = channels[k]
-            if (
-                isinstance(ch, DeltaChannel)
-                and (force_delta_snapshot or ch.is_snapshot_step(step))
-                and ch.is_available()
-            ):
-                # Eager snapshot: bump version if not already written this step
-                # so put() includes this channel in new_versions and stores blob.
+            if k in channels_to_snapshot:
+                # In exit mode, the snapshot decision is deferred to exit
+                # time (intermediate steps have do_checkpoint=False). The
+                # channel's count may have reached snapshot_frequency over
+                # several supersteps, but the LAST superstep may not have
+                # written to this channel. In that case apply_writes()
+                # (in _algo.py) didn't bump this channel's version, so
+                # saver.put() wouldn't include it in new_versions and
+                # the snapshot blob would be silently dropped. The manual
+                # bump below closes the gap. In sync/async durability this
+                # branch is effectively dead code (the step that pushes
+                # the count to freq always writes the channel).
                 if get_next_version is not None and (
                     updated_channels is None or k not in updated_channels
                 ):
@@ -92,15 +122,15 @@ def create_checkpoint(
 
 
 def _needs_replay(spec: BaseChannel, stored: object) -> bool:
-    """True if `spec` is a `DeltaChannel` and the stored blob is a sentinel,
-    requiring an ancestor walk to reconstruct.
+    """True if `spec` is a `DeltaChannel` and no value is stored at this
+    checkpoint, requiring an ancestor walk to reconstruct.
 
     `_DeltaSnapshot` blobs and plain values (migration) resolve directly via
-    `from_checkpoint` — only `DELTA_SENTINEL` / `MISSING` trigger replay.
+    `from_checkpoint` — only absence (`MISSING`) triggers replay.
     """
     if not isinstance(spec, DeltaChannel):
         return False
-    return stored is MISSING or stored is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    return stored is MISSING
 
 
 def channels_from_checkpoint(
@@ -113,10 +143,12 @@ def channels_from_checkpoint(
     """Hydrate channels from a checkpoint.
 
     For most channels, `spec.from_checkpoint(checkpoint["channel_values"][k])`
-    is sufficient. `DeltaChannel` is the exception: sentinel blobs require an
-    ancestor walk via `saver._get_channel_writes_history`. The walk terminates
-    at the nearest `_DeltaSnapshot` blob (step-based) or a pre-migration plain
-    value, so read depth is bounded by `snapshot_frequency`.
+    is sufficient. `DeltaChannel` is the exception: when the channel is
+    absent from `channel_values`, an ancestor walk via
+    `saver.get_delta_channel_history` is required to find the nearest seed
+    (`_DeltaSnapshot` blob or pre-migration plain value) and accumulate
+    the writes between it and the target. All delta channels needing
+    replay are batched into a single saver call.
     """
     channel_specs: dict[str, BaseChannel] = {}
     managed_specs: dict[str, ManagedValueSpec] = {}
@@ -126,18 +158,28 @@ def channels_from_checkpoint(
         else:
             managed_specs[k] = v
 
+    delta_channels: list[str] = [
+        k
+        for k, spec in channel_specs.items()
+        if _needs_replay(spec, checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING))
+    ]
+    histories: Mapping[str, Any] = {}
+    if delta_channels and saver is not None and config is not None:
+        histories = saver.get_delta_channel_history(
+            config=config, channels=delta_channels
+        )
+
     channels: dict[str, BaseChannel] = {}
     for k, spec in channel_specs.items():
         ch: BaseChannel
-        stored = checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING)
-        if _needs_replay(spec, stored) and saver is not None and config is not None:
+        if k in histories:
             delta_spec = cast(DeltaChannel, spec)
-            history = saver._get_channel_writes_history(config, k)
-            replay_ch = delta_spec.from_checkpoint(history.seed)
-            replay_ch.replay_writes(history.writes)
+            history = histories[k]
+            replay_ch = delta_spec.from_checkpoint(history.get("seed", MISSING))
+            replay_ch.replay_writes(history["writes"])
             ch = replay_ch
         else:
-            ch = spec.from_checkpoint(stored)
+            ch = spec.from_checkpoint(checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING))
         channels[k] = ch
     return channels, managed_specs
 
@@ -158,18 +200,28 @@ async def achannels_from_checkpoint(
         else:
             managed_specs[k] = v
 
+    delta_channels: list[str] = [
+        k
+        for k, spec in channel_specs.items()
+        if _needs_replay(spec, checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING))
+    ]
+    histories: Mapping[str, Any] = {}
+    if delta_channels and saver is not None and config is not None:
+        histories = await saver.aget_delta_channel_history(
+            config=config, channels=delta_channels
+        )
+
     channels: dict[str, BaseChannel] = {}
     for k, spec in channel_specs.items():
         ch: BaseChannel
-        stored = checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING)
-        if _needs_replay(spec, stored) and saver is not None and config is not None:
+        if k in histories:
             delta_spec = cast(DeltaChannel, spec)
-            history = await saver._aget_channel_writes_history(config, k)
-            replay_ch = delta_spec.from_checkpoint(history.seed)
-            replay_ch.replay_writes(history.writes)
+            history = histories[k]
+            replay_ch = delta_spec.from_checkpoint(history.get("seed", MISSING))
+            replay_ch.replay_writes(history["writes"])
             ch = replay_ch
         else:
-            ch = spec.from_checkpoint(stored)
+            ch = spec.from_checkpoint(checkpoint["channel_values"].get(k, MISSING))
         channels[k] = ch
     return channels, managed_specs
 

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_loop.py

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ from langgraph._internal._constants import (
     CONFIG_KEY_TASK_ID,
     CONFIG_KEY_THREAD_ID,
     ERROR,
+    ERROR_SOURCE_NODE,
     INPUT,
     INTERRUPT,
     NS_END,
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ from langgraph.pregel._algo import (
     checkpoint_null_version,
     increment,
     prepare_next_tasks,
+    prepare_node_error_handler_task,
     prepare_single_task,
     sanitize_untracked_values_in_send,
     should_interrupt,
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ from langgraph.pregel._checkpoint import (
     channels_from_checkpoint,
     copy_checkpoint,
     create_checkpoint,
+    delta_channels_to_snapshot,
     empty_checkpoint,
 )
 from langgraph.pregel._executor import (
@@ -192,8 +195,46 @@ class PregelLoop:
     _migrate_checkpoint: Callable[[Checkpoint], None] | None
     submit: Submit
     channels: Mapping[str, BaseChannel]
-    # Only set on AsyncPregelLoop; sync loops keep this as None.
+    # Futures from `checkpointer.put_writes` calls that produced delta-channel
+    # writes. `_checkpointer_put_after_previous` drains this list (swap to a
+    # local `futs` then reset to `[]` and wait/gather) before putting the
+    # next checkpoint, so a checkpoint never becomes durable before the
+    # writes that produced it. Initialised to `[]` in both sync and async
+    # `__enter__`; stays `None` only when no checkpointer.
     _delta_write_futs: list[Any] | None = None
+
+    # Same pattern as `_delta_write_futs` but for error-handler writes.
+    # When `put_writes` persists an ERROR_SOURCE_NODE marker, the future is
+    # appended here.  `schedule_error_handler` / `aschedule_error_handler`
+    # drain this list so the write is durable before the handler starts.
+    _error_handler_write_futs: list[Any] | None = None
+
+    # Exit-mode accumulator: every delta-channel write produced during this
+    # run (input writes from `_first` + per-superstep writes captured in
+    # `after_tick`). At exit, `_put_exit_delta_writes` filters out channels
+    # that will snapshot, then persists the rest under an anchor parent.
+    # `None` when not in exit mode (so the capture sites are no-ops).
+    # Each tuple is `(step, task_id, channel, value)` — `step` drives the
+    # synthetic step-prefixed task_id used to preserve chronological order
+    # under the saver's `ORDER BY task_id, idx` sorting.
+    _exit_delta_writes: list[tuple[int, str, str, Any]] | None = None
+
+    # The checkpoint_config that points at the parent loaded at `__enter__`
+    # (or the synthetic-empty checkpoint, on first run). We capture it
+    # eagerly because every `_put_checkpoint` advances `self.checkpoint_config`
+    # to the newly-saved checkpoint's id — by exit time the original parent
+    # config would otherwise be lost. `_put_exit_delta_writes` uses this:
+    # on resumed runs as the anchor for exit delta writes; on first runs
+    # to derive the lazy stub's config (its `checkpoint_id` is the
+    # synthetic-empty id we want the stub persisted under).
+    _initial_checkpoint_config: RunnableConfig
+
+    # True iff the saver actually returned a tuple at `__enter__`. False
+    # on the first-ever run for a thread (no parent persisted yet).
+    # `_put_exit_delta_writes` uses this to decide between anchoring on
+    # the existing parent (True) or creating a lazy stub (False).
+    _has_persisted_parent: bool = False
+
     managed: ManagedValueMapping
     checkpoint: Checkpoint
     checkpoint_id_saved: str
@@ -439,6 +480,13 @@ class PregelLoop:
                 isinstance(self.specs.get(c), DeltaChannel) for c, _ in writes_to_save
             ):
                 self._delta_write_futs.append(fut)
+            # ERROR_SOURCE_NODE is only appended by commit() when the task
+            # has an error handler (_should_route_to_error_handler), so this
+            # check naturally limits future collection to those tasks.
+            if self._error_handler_write_futs is not None and any(
+                c == ERROR_SOURCE_NODE for c, _ in writes
+            ):
+                self._error_handler_write_futs.append(fut)
         # output writes
         if hasattr(self, "tasks"):
             self.output_writes(task_id, writes)
@@ -518,10 +566,20 @@ class PregelLoop:
             self.tasks[pushed.id] = pushed
             # match any pending writes to the new task
             if not self.is_replaying:
-                self._match_writes({pushed.id: pushed})
+                self._reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes({pushed.id: pushed})
             # return the new task, to be started if not run before
             return pushed
 
+    def schedule_error_handler(
+        self, failed_task: PregelExecutableTask, error: BaseException
+    ) -> PregelExecutableTask | None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def aschedule_error_handler(
+        self, failed_task: PregelExecutableTask, error: BaseException
+    ) -> PregelExecutableTask | None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     def tick(self) -> bool:
         """Execute a single iteration of the Pregel loop.
 
@@ -586,7 +644,8 @@ class PregelLoop:
 
         # if there are pending writes from a previous loop, apply them
         if not self.is_replaying and self.checkpoint_pending_writes:
-            self._match_writes(self.tasks)
+            self._reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes(self.tasks)
+            self._resume_error_handlers_if_applicable()
 
         # before execution, check if we should interrupt
         if self.interrupt_before and should_interrupt(
@@ -625,6 +684,11 @@ class PregelLoop:
             self._emit(
                 "values", map_output_values, self.output_keys, writes, self.channels
             )
+        # capture delta-channel writes for exit-mode accumulator before clearing
+        if self._exit_delta_writes is not None:
+            for tid, ch, v in self.checkpoint_pending_writes:
+                if isinstance(self.specs.get(ch), DeltaChannel):
+                    self._exit_delta_writes.append((self.step, tid, ch, v))
         # clear pending writes
         self.checkpoint_pending_writes.clear()
         # only replay (re-execute) done tasks on the first tick
@@ -648,13 +712,88 @@ class PregelLoop:
 
     # private
 
-    def _match_writes(self, tasks: Mapping[str, PregelExecutableTask]) -> None:
+    def _reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes(
+        self, tasks: Mapping[str, PregelExecutableTask]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Restore successful channel writes from checkpoint to in-memory tasks.
+
+        Skips control signals (ERROR, ERROR_SOURCE_NODE, INTERRUPT, RESUME)
+        so that failed/interrupted tasks remain with empty writes and will be
+        re-executed (or routed to error handlers) by the runner.
+        """
         for tid, k, v in self.checkpoint_pending_writes:
-            if k in (ERROR, INTERRUPT, RESUME):
+            if k in (ERROR, ERROR_SOURCE_NODE, INTERRUPT, RESUME):
                 continue
             if task := tasks.get(tid):
                 task.writes.append((k, v))
 
+    def _resume_error_handlers_if_applicable(self) -> None:
+        """On resume, schedule error handlers for tasks that failed in a prior run.
+
+        Called right after ``_reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes`` during ``tick()``.
+        At that point, ``_reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes`` has already skipped
+        ERROR / ERROR_SOURCE_NODE writes, so a previously-failed task still has
+        empty ``writes``.  Without intervention the runner (which executes only
+        tasks where ``not t.writes``) would re-run the original node.
+
+        This method prevents that re-execution for nodes that have an error
+        handler:
+
+        1. Scan ``checkpoint_pending_writes`` for ERROR_SOURCE_NODE markers
+           persisted by a prior ``commit()``.  Each marker means "this task
+           already failed and was routed to an error handler".
+        2. For each such task, write ``(ERROR, error)`` into ``task.writes``
+           so the task is no longer empty — the runner will skip it.
+        3. Prepare a fresh error-handler task and add it to ``self.tasks``.
+           Because the handler task starts with empty ``writes``, the runner
+           will pick it up and execute it.
+        """
+        # Phase 1: collect task-ids that have ERROR_SOURCE_NODE + ERROR pairs.
+        failed: dict[str, BaseException] = {}
+        for tid, chan, val in self.checkpoint_pending_writes:
+            if chan == ERROR_SOURCE_NODE:
+                error = next(
+                    (
+                        v
+                        for t, c, v in self.checkpoint_pending_writes
+                        if t == tid and c == ERROR
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
+                if error is not None:
+                    failed[tid] = error
+        # Phase 2: mark originals as done, schedule handler tasks.
+        for task_id, error in failed.items():
+            task = self.tasks.get(task_id)
+            if task is None:
+                continue
+            handler_node = self.nodes[task.name].error_handler_node
+            if not handler_node:
+                continue
+            # Non-empty writes → runner's `not t.writes` filter skips this task.
+            task.writes.append((ERROR, error))
+            # The handler task starts with empty writes → runner will execute it.
+            handler_task = prepare_node_error_handler_task(
+                task,
+                handler_node_name=handler_node,
+                failed_error=error,
+                checkpoint=self.checkpoint,
+                pending_writes=self.checkpoint_pending_writes,
+                processes=self.nodes,
+                channels=self.channels,
+                managed=self.managed,
+                config=task.config,
+                step=self.step,
+                stop=self.stop,
+                store=self.store,
+                checkpointer=self.checkpointer,
+                manager=self.manager,
+                retry_policy=self.retry_policy,
+                cache_policy=self.cache_policy,
+            )
+            if handler_task is not None:
+                self.tasks[handler_task.id] = handler_task
+
     def _pending_interrupts(self) -> set[str]:
         """Return the set of interrupt ids that are pending without corresponding resume values."""
         # mapping of task ids to interrupt ids
@@ -842,6 +981,27 @@ class PregelLoop:
                 self.checkpointer_get_next_version,
                 self.trigger_to_nodes,
             )
+            # Input writes go through `apply_writes` directly (above) — they
+            # never enter `checkpoint_pending_writes`, so the after_tick
+            # capture site does not see them. In exit mode, capture them
+            # here so `_exit_delta_writes` includes the input's delta writes
+            # alongside per-superstep writes; otherwise the input would be
+            # lost on read (it's not in final_checkpoint.channel_values for
+            # sub-freq channels, and walks ignore target.pending_writes).
+            if self._exit_delta_writes is not None:
+                for c, v in input_writes:
+                    if isinstance(self.specs.get(c), DeltaChannel):
+                        self._exit_delta_writes.append((self.step, NULL_TASK_ID, c, v))
+            # Persist delta-channel input writes so sub-freq inputs are
+            # recoverable via ancestor walk (mirrors the Command input path).
+            if self.durability != "exit":
+                delta_input = [
+                    (c, v)
+                    for c, v in input_writes
+                    if isinstance(self.specs.get(c), DeltaChannel)
+                ]
+                if delta_input:
+                    self.put_writes(NULL_TASK_ID, delta_input)
             # save input checkpoint
             self.updated_channels = updated_channels
             self._put_checkpoint({"source": "input"})
@@ -893,20 +1053,66 @@ class PregelLoop:
         return updated_channels
 
     def _put_checkpoint(self, metadata: CheckpointMetadata) -> None:
-        # assign step and parents
+        # `is` (object identity) — not `==`. Three of four call sites pass a
+        # fresh dict ({"source":"input"|"loop"|"fork"}); only
+        # `_suppress_interrupt`(will rename to _on_loop_exit soon)
+        # at exit reuses the existing `self.checkpoint_metadata` instance. So
+        # `metadata is self.checkpoint_metadata` is True only on the exit call,
+        # which is what we use to gate exit-only behaviour (skip count-bump,
+        # don't replace metadata). Could be replaced by an explicit
+        # `exiting: bool = False` parameter; left as-is to match the existing
+        # idiom in this file.
+        # TODO: replace with an explicit `exiting: bool = False` parameter.
         exiting = metadata is self.checkpoint_metadata
         if exiting and self.checkpoint["id"] == self.checkpoint_id_saved:
             # checkpoint already saved
             return
+        # Per-delta-channel counter bookkeeping.
+        #
+        # Each delta channel tracks a (updates, supersteps) tuple:
+        # - `updates` increments only when the channel is written this step.
+        # - `supersteps` increments every superstep regardless.
+        #
+        # `_put_checkpoint` is called once per superstep with a fresh
+        # metadata dict (source="input"|"loop"|"fork") — those are the
+        # intermediate calls that bump counters. In exit mode,
+        # `_suppress_interrupt`(will rename to _on_loop_exit soon)
+        # additionally calls `_put_checkpoint(self.checkpoint_metadata)` AT
+        # EXIT to commit the final checkpoint — this runs *after* the last
+        # intermediate call already counted the last superstep. So the
+        # exit call must NOT bump again or it would double-count the last
+        # superstep.
         if not exiting:
+            prev_counters = dict(
+                self.checkpoint_metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot") or {}
+            )
+            new_counters: dict[str, tuple[int, int]] = {}
+            updated = self.updated_channels or set()
+            for ch_name, ch in self.channels.items():
+                if not isinstance(ch, DeltaChannel):
+                    continue
+                u, s = prev_counters.get(ch_name, (0, 0))
+                s += 1
+                if ch_name in updated:
+                    u += 1
+                new_counters[ch_name] = (u, s)
             metadata["step"] = self.step
             metadata["parents"] = self.config[CONF].get(CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_MAP, {})
             self.checkpoint_metadata = metadata
+        else:
+            new_counters = dict(
+                self.checkpoint_metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot") or {}
+            )
         # do checkpoint?
         do_checkpoint = self._checkpointer_put_after_previous is not None and (
             exiting or self.durability != "exit"
         )
         # create new checkpoint
+        channels_to_snapshot = (
+            delta_channels_to_snapshot(self.channels, new_counters)
+            if do_checkpoint
+            else set()
+        )
         self.checkpoint = create_checkpoint(
             self.checkpoint,
             self.channels if do_checkpoint else None,
@@ -916,8 +1122,15 @@ class PregelLoop:
             get_next_version=self.checkpointer_get_next_version
             if do_checkpoint
             else None,
-            force_delta_snapshot=exiting and self.durability == "exit",
+            channels_to_snapshot=channels_to_snapshot,
         )
+        for k in channels_to_snapshot:
+            new_counters[k] = (0, 0)
+        non_zero = {k: v for k, v in new_counters.items() if v != (0, 0)}
+        if non_zero:
+            self.checkpoint_metadata["counters_since_delta_snapshot"] = non_zero
+        elif "counters_since_delta_snapshot" in self.checkpoint_metadata:
+            del self.checkpoint_metadata["counters_since_delta_snapshot"]
         # sanitize TASK channel in the checkpoint before saving (durability=="exit")
         if TASKS in self.checkpoint["channel_values"] and any(
             isinstance(channel, UntrackedValue) for channel in self.channels.values()
@@ -976,6 +1189,99 @@ class PregelLoop:
             # increment step
             self.step += 1
 
+    def _put_exit_delta_writes(self) -> None:
+        """Stage stub + accumulated delta writes so final_checkpoint's put
+        waits on them (visibility invariant: both must be durable before
+        final_checkpoint becomes visible to readers).
+
+        Stub is created lazily — only when no persisted parent exists AND at
+        least one delta channel has writes that won't be snapshotted.
+        """
+        if (
+            not self._exit_delta_writes
+            or self.checkpointer is None
+            or self._checkpointer_put_after_previous is None
+            or self.checkpointer_put_writes is None
+        ):
+            return
+
+        counters = dict(
+            self.checkpoint_metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot") or {}
+        )
+        channels_to_snapshot = delta_channels_to_snapshot(self.channels, counters)
+
+        pending = [
+            (step, tid, ch, v)
+            for (step, tid, ch, v) in self._exit_delta_writes
+            if ch not in channels_to_snapshot
+        ]
+        if not pending:
+            return
+
+        if self._has_persisted_parent:
+            # _initial_checkpoint_config's checkpoint_id is the saved parent's
+            # id (saver returned a real tuple at __enter__).
+            anchor_config = self._initial_checkpoint_config
+        else:
+            stub_cp = empty_checkpoint()
+            stub_cp["id"] = self.checkpoint_id_saved
+            stub_cp["ts"] = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+            # Stub has no parent (checkpoint_id=None in config).
+            stub_put_config = patch_configurable(
+                self._initial_checkpoint_config,
+                {CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_ID: None},
+            )
+            # Anchor config for put_writes: checkpoint_id = stub's id.
+            anchor_config = patch_configurable(
+                self._initial_checkpoint_config,
+                {CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_ID: stub_cp["id"]},
+            )
+            self._put_checkpoint_fut = self.submit(
+                self._checkpointer_put_after_previous,
+                getattr(self, "_put_checkpoint_fut", None),
+                stub_put_config,
+                stub_cp,
+                {"step": -2},
+                {},
+            )
+            # Set checkpoint_config so final_checkpoint's _put_checkpoint
+            # sees the stub as its parent.
+            self.checkpoint_config = anchor_config
+
+        # Step-prefixed synthetic task_id preserves chronological superstep
+        # order under the saver's ORDER BY task_id, idx sorting.
+        grouped: dict[tuple[int, str], list[tuple[str, Any]]] = {}
+        for step, tid, ch, v in pending:
+            grouped.setdefault((step, tid), []).append((ch, v))
+        anchor_write_config = patch_configurable(
+            anchor_config,
+            {
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS: self.config[CONF].get(
+                    CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS, ""
+                ),
+                CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_ID: anchor_config[CONF][CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_ID],
+            },
+        )
+        for (step, tid), entries in grouped.items():
+            synth_tid = f"{step:08d}-{tid}"
+            if self.checkpointer_put_writes_accepts_task_path:
+                fut = self.submit(
+                    self.checkpointer_put_writes,
+                    anchor_write_config,
+                    entries,
+                    synth_tid,
+                    "",
+                )
+            else:
+                fut = self.submit(
+                    self.checkpointer_put_writes,
+                    anchor_write_config,
+                    entries,
+                    synth_tid,
+                )
+            if self._delta_write_futs is not None:
+                self._delta_write_futs.append(fut)
+
     def _suppress_interrupt(
         self,
         exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
@@ -991,6 +1297,7 @@ class PregelLoop:
             # or a nested graph with checkpointer=True
             or all(NS_END not in part for part in self.checkpoint_ns)
         ):
+            self._put_exit_delta_writes()
             self._put_checkpoint(self.checkpoint_metadata)
             self._put_pending_writes()
         # suppress interrupt
@@ -1196,6 +1503,9 @@ class SyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractContextManager):
         metadata: CheckpointMetadata,
         new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
+        if self._delta_write_futs:
+            futs, self._delta_write_futs = self._delta_write_futs, []
+            concurrent.futures.wait(futs)
         try:
             if prev is not None:
                 prev.result()
@@ -1227,6 +1537,43 @@ class SyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractContextManager):
                 self.output_writes(task.id, task.writes, cached=True)
         return pushed
 
+    def schedule_error_handler(
+        self, failed_task: PregelExecutableTask, error: BaseException
+    ) -> PregelExecutableTask | None:
+        handler_node = self.nodes[failed_task.name].error_handler_node
+        if not handler_node:
+            return None
+        # ensure error + ERROR_SOURCE_NODE writes are durable before handler runs
+        if self._error_handler_write_futs:
+            futs, self._error_handler_write_futs = self._error_handler_write_futs, []
+            concurrent.futures.wait(futs)
+        handler_task = prepare_node_error_handler_task(
+            failed_task,
+            handler_node_name=handler_node,
+            failed_error=error,
+            checkpoint=self.checkpoint,
+            pending_writes=self.checkpoint_pending_writes,
+            processes=self.nodes,
+            channels=self.channels,
+            managed=self.managed,
+            config=failed_task.config,
+            step=self.step,
+            stop=self.stop,
+            store=self.store,
+            checkpointer=self.checkpointer,
+            manager=self.manager,
+            retry_policy=self.retry_policy,
+            cache_policy=self.cache_policy,
+        )
+        if handler_task is None:
+            return None
+        self.tasks[handler_task.id] = handler_task
+        if not self.is_replaying:
+            self._reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes({handler_task.id: handler_task})
+        for task in self.match_cached_writes():
+            self.output_writes(task.id, task.writes, cached=True)
+        return handler_task
+
     def put_writes(self, task_id: str, writes: WritesT) -> None:
         """Put writes for a task, to be read by the next tick."""
         super().put_writes(task_id, writes)
@@ -1274,6 +1621,10 @@ class SyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractContextManager):
             # graph/thread. Returns None on first invocation.
             saved = self.checkpointer.get_tuple(self.checkpoint_config)
 
+        # Capture before the synthetic-empty fallback below overwrites `saved`.
+        # `_put_exit_delta_writes` uses this on first run (no persisted parent)
+        # to lazy-create a stub instead of anchoring delta writes on a parent.
+        self._has_persisted_parent = saved is not None
         if saved is None:
             saved = CheckpointTuple(
                 self.checkpoint_config, empty_checkpoint(), {"step": -2}, None, []
@@ -1289,6 +1640,7 @@ class SyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractContextManager):
                 **saved.config.get(CONF, {}),
             },
         }
+        self._initial_checkpoint_config = self.checkpoint_config
         self.prev_checkpoint_config = saved.parent_config
         self.checkpoint_id_saved = saved.checkpoint["id"]
         self.checkpoint = saved.checkpoint
@@ -1298,6 +1650,11 @@ class SyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractContextManager):
             if saved.pending_writes is not None
             else []
         )
+        self._delta_write_futs = []
+        self._error_handler_write_futs = []
+        self._exit_delta_writes = (
+            [] if self.durability == "exit" and self.checkpointer is not None else None
+        )
         self.submit = self.stack.enter_context(BackgroundExecutor(self.config))
         self.channels, self.managed = channels_from_checkpoint(
             self.specs,
@@ -1399,7 +1756,7 @@ class AsyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
         new_versions: ChannelVersions,
     ) -> RunnableConfig:
         # Drain DeltaChannel write futures before committing the checkpoint so
-        # DELTA_SENTINEL blobs are never saved ahead of their backing writes.
+        # ancestor walks never see a checkpoint without its backing writes.
         if self._delta_write_futs:
             futs, self._delta_write_futs = self._delta_write_futs, []
             await asyncio.gather(*futs)
@@ -1434,6 +1791,43 @@ class AsyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
                 self.output_writes(task.id, task.writes, cached=True)
         return pushed
 
+    async def aschedule_error_handler(
+        self, failed_task: PregelExecutableTask, error: BaseException
+    ) -> PregelExecutableTask | None:
+        handler_node = self.nodes[failed_task.name].error_handler_node
+        if not handler_node:
+            return None
+        # ensure error + ERROR_SOURCE_NODE writes are durable before handler runs
+        if self._error_handler_write_futs:
+            futs, self._error_handler_write_futs = self._error_handler_write_futs, []
+            await asyncio.gather(*futs)
+        handler_task = prepare_node_error_handler_task(
+            failed_task,
+            handler_node_name=handler_node,
+            failed_error=error,
+            checkpoint=self.checkpoint,
+            pending_writes=self.checkpoint_pending_writes,
+            processes=self.nodes,
+            channels=self.channels,
+            managed=self.managed,
+            config=failed_task.config,
+            step=self.step,
+            stop=self.stop,
+            store=self.store,
+            checkpointer=self.checkpointer,
+            manager=self.manager,
+            retry_policy=self.retry_policy,
+            cache_policy=self.cache_policy,
+        )
+        if handler_task is None:
+            return None
+        self.tasks[handler_task.id] = handler_task
+        if not self.is_replaying:
+            self._reapply_writes_to_succeeded_nodes({handler_task.id: handler_task})
+        for task in await self.amatch_cached_writes():
+            self.output_writes(task.id, task.writes, cached=True)
+        return handler_task
+
     def put_writes(self, task_id: str, writes: WritesT) -> None:
         """Put writes for a task, to be read by the next tick."""
         super().put_writes(task_id, writes)
@@ -1484,6 +1878,10 @@ class AsyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
             # graph/thread. Returns None on first invocation.
             saved = await self.checkpointer.aget_tuple(self.checkpoint_config)
 
+        # Capture before the synthetic-empty fallback below overwrites `saved`.
+        # `_put_exit_delta_writes` uses this on first run (no persisted parent)
+        # to lazy-create a stub instead of anchoring delta writes on a parent.
+        self._has_persisted_parent = saved is not None
         if saved is None:
             saved = CheckpointTuple(
                 self.checkpoint_config, empty_checkpoint(), {"step": -2}, None, []
@@ -1499,6 +1897,7 @@ class AsyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
                 **saved.config.get(CONF, {}),
             },
         }
+        self._initial_checkpoint_config = self.checkpoint_config
         self.prev_checkpoint_config = saved.parent_config
         self.checkpoint_id_saved = saved.checkpoint["id"]
         self.checkpoint = saved.checkpoint
@@ -1509,6 +1908,10 @@ class AsyncPregelLoop(PregelLoop, AbstractAsyncContextManager):
             else []
         )
         self._delta_write_futs = []
+        self._error_handler_write_futs = []
+        self._exit_delta_writes = (
+            [] if self.durability == "exit" and self.checkpointer is not None else None
+        )
         self.submit = await self.stack.enter_async_context(
             AsyncBackgroundExecutor(self.config)
         )

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_messages.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from typing import (
 from uuid import UUID, uuid4
 
 from langchain_core.callbacks import BaseCallbackHandler
-from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage
+from langchain_core.messages import BaseMessage, ToolMessage
 from langchain_core.outputs import ChatGeneration, ChatGenerationChunk, LLMResult
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
@@ -303,6 +303,35 @@ class StreamMessagesHandlerV2(StreamMessagesHandler, _V2StreamingCallbackHandler
         super().__init__(stream, subgraphs, parent_ns=parent_ns)
         self._streamed_run_ids: set[UUID] = set()
 
+    def _find_and_emit_messages(self, meta: Meta, response: Any) -> None:
+        """Like the v1 handler, but skip ToolMessage from node outputs.
+
+        Tool results belong on the tools channel / state in v3; v2-flagged streams
+        must not replay finalized ToolMessages as chat tokens (see MessagesTransformer).
+        Legacy v1-only `stream_mode="messages"` still emits ToolMessages (see subgraph
+        streaming tests).
+        """
+        if isinstance(response, BaseMessage) and not isinstance(response, ToolMessage):
+            self._emit(meta, response, dedupe=True)
+        elif isinstance(response, Sequence):
+            for value in response:
+                if isinstance(value, BaseMessage) and not isinstance(
+                    value, ToolMessage
+                ):
+                    self._emit(meta, value, dedupe=True)
+        else:
+            for value in _state_values(response):
+                if isinstance(value, BaseMessage) and not isinstance(
+                    value, ToolMessage
+                ):
+                    self._emit(meta, value, dedupe=True)
+                elif isinstance(value, Sequence):
+                    for item in value:
+                        if isinstance(item, BaseMessage) and not isinstance(
+                            item, ToolMessage
+                        ):
+                            self._emit(meta, item, dedupe=True)
+
     def on_llm_end(
         self,
         response: LLMResult,
@@ -349,7 +378,7 @@ class StreamMessagesHandlerV2(StreamMessagesHandler, _V2StreamingCallbackHandler
         tags: list[str] | None = None,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Any:
-        """Forward a protocol event from `stream_v2` as a messages stream part.
+        """Forward a protocol event from `stream_events(version="v3")` as a messages stream part.
 
         Fires once per `MessagesData` event (`message-start`, per-block
         `content-block-*`, `message-finish`). The transformer layer

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_read.py

@@ -138,6 +138,12 @@ class PregelNode:
     metadata: Mapping[str, Any] | None
     """Metadata to attach to the node for tracing."""
 
+    is_error_handler: bool
+    """Whether this node is registered as an error handler node."""
+
+    error_handler_node: str | None
+    """Optional handler node name for failures from this node."""
+
     subgraphs: Sequence[PregelProtocol]
     """Subgraphs used by the node."""
 
@@ -153,6 +159,8 @@ class PregelNode:
         bound: Runnable[Any, Any] | None = None,
         retry_policy: RetryPolicy | Sequence[RetryPolicy] | None = None,
         cache_policy: CachePolicy | None = None,
+        is_error_handler: bool = False,
+        error_handler_node: str | None = None,
         subgraphs: Sequence[PregelProtocol] | None = None,
         timeout: float | timedelta | TimeoutPolicy | None = None,
     ) -> None:
@@ -169,6 +177,8 @@ class PregelNode:
         self.timeout = coerce_timeout_policy(timeout)
         self.tags = tags
         self.metadata = metadata
+        self.is_error_handler = is_error_handler
+        self.error_handler_node = error_handler_node
         if subgraphs is not None:
             self.subgraphs = subgraphs
         elif self.bound is not DEFAULT_BOUND:

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/_runner.py

@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ from collections.abc import (
     AsyncIterator,
     Awaitable,
     Callable,
+    Collection,
     Iterable,
     Iterator,
+    Mapping,
     Sequence,
 )
 from functools import partial
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ from langgraph._internal._constants import (
     CONFIG_KEY_CALL,
     CONFIG_KEY_SCRATCHPAD,
     ERROR,
+    ERROR_SOURCE_NODE,
     INTERRUPT,
     NO_WRITES,
     RESUME,
@@ -72,6 +75,10 @@ SKIP_RERAISE_SET: weakref.WeakSet[concurrent.futures.Future | asyncio.Future] =
 class FuturesDict(Generic[F, E], dict[F, PregelExecutableTask | None]):
     event: E
     callback: weakref.ref[Callable[[PregelExecutableTask, BaseException | None], None]]
+    # Stop condition is injected by PregelRunner instead of hard-coded here.
+    # This lets the runner treat graph-error-handled exceptions as non-fatal
+    # so `on_done` does not trigger an early stop for those futures.
+    should_stop: Callable[[set[F]], bool]
     counter: int
     done: set[F]
     lock: threading.Lock
@@ -82,6 +89,7 @@ class FuturesDict(Generic[F, E], dict[F, PregelExecutableTask | None]):
         callback: weakref.ref[
             Callable[[PregelExecutableTask, BaseException | None], None]
         ],
+        should_stop: Callable[[set[F]], bool],
         future_type: type[F],
         # used for generic typing, newer py supports FutureDict[...](...)
     ) -> None:
@@ -89,6 +97,7 @@ class FuturesDict(Generic[F, E], dict[F, PregelExecutableTask | None]):
         self.lock = threading.Lock()
         self.event = event
         self.callback = callback
+        self.should_stop = should_stop
         self.counter = 0
         self.done: set[F] = set()
 
@@ -109,6 +118,7 @@ class FuturesDict(Generic[F, E], dict[F, PregelExecutableTask | None]):
         task: PregelExecutableTask,
         fut: F,
     ) -> None:
+        # Called automatically by future.add_done_callback registered in __setitem__.
         try:
             if cb := self.callback():
                 cb(task, _exception(fut))
@@ -116,7 +126,9 @@ class FuturesDict(Generic[F, E], dict[F, PregelExecutableTask | None]):
             with self.lock:
                 self.done.add(fut)
                 self.counter -= 1
-                if self.counter == 0 or _should_stop_others(self.done):
+                # Wake waiter when all tracked futures are done, or when runner-level
+                # stop condition is met (for example, a non-handled fatal exception).
+                if self.counter == 0 or self.should_stop(self.done):
                     self.event.set()
 
 
@@ -132,11 +144,34 @@ class PregelRunner:
         put_writes: weakref.ref[Callable[[str, Sequence[tuple[str, Any]]], None]],
         use_astream: bool = False,
         node_finished: Callable[[str], None] | None = None,
+        node_error_handler_map: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+        schedule_error_handler: Callable[
+            [PregelExecutableTask, BaseException], PregelExecutableTask | None
+        ]
+        | None = None,
+        aschedule_error_handler: Callable[
+            [PregelExecutableTask, BaseException],
+            Awaitable[PregelExecutableTask | None],
+        ]
+        | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.submit = submit
         self.put_writes = put_writes
         self.use_astream = use_astream
         self.node_finished = node_finished
+        self.node_error_handler_map = dict(node_error_handler_map or {})
+        self.error_handler_nodes = set(self.node_error_handler_map.values())
+        self.schedule_error_handler = schedule_error_handler
+        self.aschedule_error_handler = aschedule_error_handler
+        # Exception object ids that are already routed to graph-level error handler.
+        # These ids are consulted by stop/panic checks to avoid re-raising handled
+        # exceptions via the normal fatal path in the same run.
+        self._handled_exception_ids: set[int] = set()
+
+    def _should_route_to_error_handler(self, task: PregelExecutableTask) -> bool:
+        if task.name in self.error_handler_nodes:
+            return False
+        return task.name in self.node_error_handler_map
 
     def tick(
         self,
@@ -155,6 +190,9 @@ class PregelRunner:
         futures = FuturesDict(
             callback=weakref.WeakMethod(self.commit),
             event=threading.Event(),
+            should_stop=partial(
+                _should_stop_others, handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids
+            ),
             future_type=concurrent.futures.Future,
         )
         # give control back to the caller
@@ -164,6 +202,7 @@ class PregelRunner:
             return
         elif len(tasks) == 1 and timeout is None and get_waiter is None:
             t = tasks[0]
+            scheduled_error_handler = False
             try:
                 run_with_retry(
                     t,
@@ -182,12 +221,23 @@ class PregelRunner:
                 self.commit(t, None)
             except Exception as exc:
                 self.commit(t, exc)
+                if (
+                    not isinstance(exc, GraphBubbleUp)
+                    and self._should_route_to_error_handler(t)
+                    and self.schedule_error_handler is not None
+                ):
+                    self._handled_exception_ids.add(id(exc))
+                    if handler_task := self.schedule_error_handler(t, exc):
+                        tasks = (handler_task,)
+                        scheduled_error_handler = True
+                        # Continue to the regular scheduling path for handler execution.
                 if reraise and futures:
-                    # will be re-raised after futures are done
-                    fut: concurrent.futures.Future = concurrent.futures.Future()
-                    fut.set_exception(exc)
-                    futures.done.add(fut)
-                elif reraise:
+                    if id(exc) not in self._handled_exception_ids:
+                        # will be re-raised after futures are done
+                        fut: concurrent.futures.Future = concurrent.futures.Future()
+                        fut.set_exception(exc)
+                        futures.done.add(fut)
+                elif reraise and id(exc) not in self._handled_exception_ids:
                     if tb := exc.__traceback__:
                         while tb.tb_next is not None and any(
                             tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_filename.endswith(name)
@@ -196,10 +246,12 @@ class PregelRunner:
                             tb = tb.tb_next
                         exc.__traceback__ = tb
                     raise
-            if not futures:  # maybe `t` scheduled another task
+            if not futures and not scheduled_error_handler:
+                # maybe `t` scheduled another task
                 return
             else:
-                tasks = ()  # don't reschedule this task
+                if not scheduled_error_handler:
+                    tasks = ()  # don't reschedule this task
         # add waiter task if requested
         if get_waiter is not None:
             futures[get_waiter()] = None
@@ -226,6 +278,7 @@ class PregelRunner:
         # each task is independent from all other concurrent tasks
         # yield updates/debug output as each task finishes
         end_time = timeout + time.monotonic() if timeout else None
+        handled_futures: set[concurrent.futures.Future[Any]] = set()
         while len(futures) > (1 if get_waiter is not None else 0):
             done, inflight = concurrent.futures.wait(
                 futures,
@@ -234,17 +287,49 @@ class PregelRunner:
             )
             if not done:
                 break  # timed out
+            done_for_stop: set[concurrent.futures.Future[Any]] = set()
             for fut in done:
                 task = futures.pop(fut)
                 if task is None:
                     # waiter task finished, schedule another
                     if inflight and get_waiter is not None:
                         futures[get_waiter()] = None
+                elif (
+                    (task_exc := _exception(fut))
+                    and self._should_route_to_error_handler(task)
+                    and not isinstance(task_exc, GraphBubbleUp)
+                ):
+                    self._handled_exception_ids.add(id(task_exc))
+                    SKIP_RERAISE_SET.add(fut)
+                    handled_futures.add(fut)
+                    if self.schedule_error_handler is not None:
+                        if handler_task := self.schedule_error_handler(task, task_exc):
+                            handler_fut = self.submit()(  # type: ignore[misc]
+                                run_with_retry,
+                                handler_task,
+                                retry_policy,
+                                configurable={
+                                    CONFIG_KEY_CALL: partial(
+                                        _call,
+                                        weakref.ref(handler_task),
+                                        retry_policy=retry_policy,
+                                        futures=weakref.ref(futures),
+                                        schedule_task=schedule_task,
+                                        submit=self.submit,
+                                    ),
+                                },
+                                __reraise_on_exit__=reraise,
+                            )
+                            futures[handler_fut] = handler_task
+                else:
+                    done_for_stop.add(fut)
             else:
                 # remove references to loop vars
                 del fut, task
             # maybe stop other tasks
-            if _should_stop_others(done):
+            if _should_stop_others(
+                done_for_stop, handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids
+            ):
                 break
             # give control back to the caller
             yield
@@ -259,6 +344,8 @@ class PregelRunner:
             _panic_or_proceed(
                 futures.done.union(f for f, t in futures.items() if t is not None),
                 panic=reraise,
+                handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids,
+                handled_futures=handled_futures,
             )
         except Exception as exc:
             if tb := exc.__traceback__:
@@ -292,6 +379,9 @@ class PregelRunner:
         futures = FuturesDict(
             callback=weakref.WeakMethod(self.commit),
             event=asyncio.Event(),
+            should_stop=partial(
+                _should_stop_others, handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids
+            ),
             future_type=asyncio.Future,
         )
         # give control back to the caller
@@ -301,6 +391,7 @@ class PregelRunner:
             return
         elif len(tasks) == 1 and get_waiter is None and timeout is None:
             t = tasks[0]
+            scheduled_error_handler = False
             try:
                 await arun_with_retry(
                     t,
@@ -322,12 +413,22 @@ class PregelRunner:
                 self.commit(t, None)
             except Exception as exc:
                 self.commit(t, exc)
+                if (
+                    not isinstance(exc, GraphBubbleUp)
+                    and self._should_route_to_error_handler(t)
+                    and self.aschedule_error_handler is not None
+                ):
+                    self._handled_exception_ids.add(id(exc))
+                    if handler_task := await self.aschedule_error_handler(t, exc):
+                        tasks = (handler_task,)
+                        scheduled_error_handler = True
                 if reraise and futures:
-                    # will be re-raised after futures are done
-                    fut: asyncio.Future = loop.create_future()
-                    fut.set_exception(exc)
-                    futures.done.add(fut)
-                elif reraise:
+                    if id(exc) not in self._handled_exception_ids:
+                        # will be re-raised after futures are done
+                        fut: asyncio.Future = loop.create_future()
+                        fut.set_exception(exc)
+                        futures.done.add(fut)
+                elif reraise and id(exc) not in self._handled_exception_ids:
                     if tb := exc.__traceback__:
                         while tb.tb_next is not None and any(
                             tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_filename.endswith(name)
@@ -336,10 +437,12 @@ class PregelRunner:
                             tb = tb.tb_next
                         exc.__traceback__ = tb
                     raise
-            if not futures:  # maybe `t` scheduled another task
+            if not futures and not scheduled_error_handler:
+                # maybe `t` scheduled another task
                 return
             else:
-                tasks = ()  # don't reschedule this task
+                if not scheduled_error_handler:
+                    tasks = ()  # don't reschedule this task
         # add waiter task if requested
         if get_waiter is not None:
             futures[get_waiter()] = None
@@ -374,6 +477,7 @@ class PregelRunner:
         # each task is independent from all other concurrent tasks
         # yield updates/debug output as each task finishes
         end_time = timeout + loop.time() if timeout else None
+        handled_futures: set[asyncio.Future[Any]] = set()
         while len(futures) > (1 if get_waiter is not None else 0):
             done, inflight = await asyncio.wait(
                 futures,
@@ -382,17 +486,59 @@ class PregelRunner:
             )
             if not done:
                 break  # timed out
+            done_for_stop: set[asyncio.Future[Any]] = set()
             for fut in done:
                 task = futures.pop(fut)
                 if task is None:
                     # waiter task finished, schedule another
                     if inflight and get_waiter is not None:
                         futures[get_waiter()] = None
+                elif (
+                    (task_exc := _exception(fut))
+                    and self._should_route_to_error_handler(task)
+                    and not isinstance(task_exc, GraphBubbleUp)
+                ):
+                    self._handled_exception_ids.add(id(task_exc))
+                    SKIP_RERAISE_SET.add(fut)
+                    handled_futures.add(fut)
+                    if self.aschedule_error_handler is not None:
+                        if handler_task := await self.aschedule_error_handler(
+                            task, task_exc
+                        ):
+                            handler_fut = cast(
+                                asyncio.Future,
+                                self.submit()(  # type: ignore[misc]
+                                    arun_with_retry,
+                                    handler_task,
+                                    retry_policy,
+                                    stream=self.use_astream,
+                                    configurable={
+                                        CONFIG_KEY_CALL: partial(
+                                            _acall,
+                                            weakref.ref(handler_task),
+                                            retry_policy=retry_policy,
+                                            stream=self.use_astream,
+                                            futures=weakref.ref(futures),
+                                            schedule_task=schedule_task,
+                                            submit=self.submit,
+                                            loop=loop,
+                                        ),
+                                    },
+                                    __name__=handler_task.name,
+                                    __cancel_on_exit__=True,
+                                    __reraise_on_exit__=reraise,
+                                ),
+                            )
+                            futures[handler_fut] = handler_task
+                else:
+                    done_for_stop.add(fut)
             else:
                 # remove references to loop vars
                 del fut, task
             # maybe stop other tasks
-            if _should_stop_others(done):
+            if _should_stop_others(
+                done_for_stop, handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids
+            ):
                 break
             # give control back to the caller
             yield
@@ -412,6 +558,8 @@ class PregelRunner:
                 futures.done.union(f for f, t in futures.items() if t is not None),
                 timeout_exc_cls=asyncio.TimeoutError,
                 panic=reraise,
+                handled_exception_ids=self._handled_exception_ids,
+                handled_futures=handled_futures,
             )
         except Exception as exc:
             if tb := exc.__traceback__:
@@ -447,6 +595,11 @@ class PregelRunner:
             else:
                 # save error to checkpointer
                 task.writes.append((ERROR, exception))
+                if self._should_route_to_error_handler(task) and not isinstance(
+                    exception, GraphBubbleUp
+                ):
+                    task.writes.append((ERROR_SOURCE_NODE, task.name))
+                    self._handled_exception_ids.add(id(exception))
                 self.put_writes()(task.id, task.writes)  # type: ignore[misc]
         else:
             if self.node_finished and (
@@ -462,6 +615,8 @@ class PregelRunner:
 
 def _should_stop_others(
     done: set[F],
+    *,
+    handled_exception_ids: set[int] | None = None,
 ) -> bool:
     """Check if any task failed, if so, cancel all other tasks.
     GraphInterrupts are not considered failures."""
@@ -469,7 +624,11 @@ def _should_stop_others(
         if fut.cancelled():
             continue
         elif exc := fut.exception():
-            if not isinstance(exc, GraphBubbleUp) and fut not in SKIP_RERAISE_SET:
+            if (
+                id(exc) not in (handled_exception_ids or set())
+                and not isinstance(exc, GraphBubbleUp)
+                and fut not in SKIP_RERAISE_SET
+            ):
                 return True
 
     return False
@@ -493,6 +652,9 @@ def _panic_or_proceed(
     *,
     timeout_exc_cls: type[Exception] = TimeoutError,
     panic: bool = True,
+    handled_exception_ids: set[int] | None = None,
+    handled_futures: Collection[concurrent.futures.Future[Any] | asyncio.Future[Any]]
+    | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Cancel remaining tasks if any failed, re-raise exception if panic is True."""
     done: set[concurrent.futures.Future[Any] | asyncio.Future[Any]] = set()
@@ -509,6 +671,10 @@ def _panic_or_proceed(
         # if any task failed
         fut = done.pop()
         if exc := _exception(fut):
+            if fut in (handled_futures or set()):
+                continue
+            if id(exc) in (handled_exception_ids or set()):
+                continue
             # cancel all pending tasks
             while inflight:
                 inflight.pop().cancel()

libs/langgraph/langgraph/pregel/main.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ from typing import (
 )
 from uuid import UUID, uuid5
 
+from langchain_core._api import beta
 from langchain_core.globals import get_debug
 from langchain_core.runnables import (
     RunnableSequence,
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ from langchain_core.runnables.config import (
     get_callback_manager_for_config,
 )
 from langchain_core.runnables.graph import Graph
+from langchain_core.runnables.schema import StreamEvent
 from langgraph.cache.base import BaseCache
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
@@ -372,11 +374,30 @@ class NodeBuilder:
         )
 
 
+# Kwargs that ``stream_events(version="v3")`` / ``astream_events(version="v3")``
+# manage internally and must not be overridden by callers. ``stream_mode`` is
+# derived from the transformer mux; ``subgraphs`` is forced True so nested
+# namespaces flow through scoped muxes. Forwarding either to the inner
+# ``stream(...)`` would silently break v3's invariants, so we raise instead.
+_V3_INVARIANT_KWARGS: tuple[str, ...] = ("stream_mode", "subgraphs")
+
+
+def _reject_v3_invariant_kwargs(kwargs: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    collisions = [k for k in _V3_INVARIANT_KWARGS if k in kwargs]
+    if collisions:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "stream_events(version='v3') / astream_events(version='v3') do "
+            f"not accept {', '.join(collisions)}; v3 owns these "
+            "(stream_mode is built from the transformer mux, subgraphs is "
+            "forced True so nested namespaces flow through scoped muxes)."
+        )
+
+
 def _collect_stream_modes(mux: Any) -> list[StreamMode]:
     """Return the union of `required_stream_modes` across registered transformers.
 
     Transformers declare the stream modes they need to function, and
-    `stream_v2` asks the graph for exactly that union — no hardcoded
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` asks the graph for exactly that union — no hardcoded
     default set. If zero transformers declare a given mode, the graph
     does not stream events for it.
     """
@@ -406,14 +427,14 @@ def _normalize_stream_transformer_factories(
     for spec in specs or ():
         if isinstance(spec, StreamTransformer):
             raise TypeError(
-                "stream_v2 transformers must be scope-aware callables, "
+                "stream_events(version='v3') transformers must be scope-aware callables, "
                 f"got pre-built instance {type(spec).__name__}. Pass the "
                 "transformer class or a factory like "
                 "`lambda scope: MyTransformer(scope, ...)`."
             )
         if not callable(spec):
             raise TypeError(
-                "stream_v2 transformers must be scope-aware callables, "
+                "stream_events(version='v3') transformers must be scope-aware callables, "
                 f"got {type(spec).__name__}."
             )
 
@@ -730,6 +751,7 @@ class Pregel(
     name: str = "LangGraph"
 
     trigger_to_nodes: Mapping[str, Sequence[str]]
+    node_error_handler_map: Mapping[str, str]
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -754,6 +776,7 @@ class Pregel(
         context_schema: type[ContextT] | None = None,
         config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
         trigger_to_nodes: Mapping[str, Sequence[str]] | None = None,
+        node_error_handler_map: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
         name: str = "LangGraph",
         stream_transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
         **deprecated_kwargs: Unpack[DeprecatedKwargs],
@@ -801,6 +824,7 @@ class Pregel(
         self.context_schema = context_schema
         self.config = config
         self.trigger_to_nodes = trigger_to_nodes or {}
+        self.node_error_handler_map = node_error_handler_map or {}
         self.name = name
         self.stream_transformers: tuple[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any], ...] = tuple(
             stream_transformers or ()
@@ -2871,6 +2895,8 @@ class Pregel(
                     ),
                     put_writes=weakref.WeakMethod(loop.put_writes),
                     node_finished=config[CONF].get(CONFIG_KEY_NODE_FINISHED),
+                    node_error_handler_map=self.node_error_handler_map,
+                    schedule_error_handler=loop.schedule_error_handler,
                 )
                 # enable subgraph streaming
                 if subgraphs:
@@ -3322,6 +3348,8 @@ class Pregel(
                     put_writes=weakref.WeakMethod(loop.put_writes),
                     use_astream=do_stream,
                     node_finished=config[CONF].get(CONFIG_KEY_NODE_FINISHED),
+                    node_error_handler_map=self.node_error_handler_map,
+                    aschedule_error_handler=loop.aschedule_error_handler,
                 )
                 # enable subgraph streaming
                 if subgraphs:
@@ -3440,7 +3468,8 @@ class Pregel(
                 await asyncio.shield(run_manager.on_chain_error(e))
             raise
 
-    def stream_v2(
+    @beta(message="The v3 streaming protocol on Pregel is experimental.")
+    def _pregel_stream_v3(
         self,
         input: InputT | Command | None,
         config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
@@ -3449,42 +3478,19 @@ class Pregel(
         interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         control: RunControl | None = None,
         transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Any:
-        """Start a sync v2 streaming run driven by transformer projections.
+        """Internal v3 sync streaming implementation. Public entry: stream_events(version='v3').
 
-        Builds a `StreamMux` from the built-in transformers, this
-        graph's compile-time `stream_transformers`, and any additional
-        `transformers=` supplied at the call site. Returns a
-        `GraphRunStream` that the caller drives by iterating any
-        projection — no background thread.
+        Extra keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying ``stream(...)``
+        call. The dispatcher in ``stream_events`` rejects ``stream_mode`` and
+        ``subgraphs`` since v3 owns them (``stream_mode`` is derived from the
+        transformer mux; ``subgraphs`` is always True so nested namespaces
+        flow through scoped muxes).
 
-        `run.output`, `run.interrupted` and `run.interrupts` work
-        regardless of which transformers are registered.
+        !!! warning
 
-        Note:
-            Nesting v1 `stream(stream_mode="messages")` inside a node
-            of a `stream_v2` run is not fully supported. The outer v2
-            messages handler reroutes `BaseChatModel.invoke` through
-            the v2 event protocol, so the inner v1 handler does not see
-            `on_llm_new_token` chunks. The inner stream still yields a
-            finalized message via `on_llm_end`. Use `stream_v2` for
-            the inner graph as well, or call
-            `chat_model.stream(...)` explicitly, to get token-level
-            streaming.
-
-        Args:
-            input: Graph input.
-            config: Optional runnable config forwarded to the graph.
-            interrupt_before: Nodes to interrupt before, if any.
-            interrupt_after: Nodes to interrupt after, if any.
-            control: Optional run control used to request cooperative drain.
-            transformers: Extra transformer classes or configured factories
-                appended after compile-time `stream_transformers`. Factories
-                are called as `factory(scope)` so they can propagate to
-                subgraph scopes.
-
-        Returns:
-            A `GraphRunStream` the caller iterates to drive the run.
+            The v3 streaming protocol is experimental and may change.
         """
         parent_ns = _resolve_parent_ns(self.config, config)
         compiled_factories = _normalize_stream_transformer_factories(
@@ -3513,11 +3519,13 @@ class Pregel(
                 interrupt_before=interrupt_before,
                 interrupt_after=interrupt_after,
                 control=control,
+                **kwargs,
             )
         )
         return GraphRunStream(graph_iter, mux)
 
-    async def astream_v2(
+    @beta(message="The v3 streaming protocol on Pregel is experimental.")
+    async def _apregel_stream_v3(
         self,
         input: InputT | Command | None,
         config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
@@ -3526,32 +3534,19 @@ class Pregel(
         interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         control: RunControl | None = None,
         transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Any:
-        """Async counterpart to `stream_v2`.
+        """Internal v3 async streaming implementation. Public entry: astream_events(version='v3').
 
-        Returns an `AsyncGraphRunStream` whose projections can be awaited
-        concurrently; each subscribed cursor drives the pump when its
-        buffer is empty.
+        Extra keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying ``astream(...)``
+        call. The dispatcher in ``astream_events`` rejects ``stream_mode`` and
+        ``subgraphs`` since v3 owns them (``stream_mode`` is derived from the
+        transformer mux; ``subgraphs`` is always True so nested namespaces
+        flow through scoped muxes).
 
-        Note:
-            Same nesting limitation as `stream_v2`: nesting v1
-            `astream(stream_mode="messages")` inside a node of an
-            `astream_v2` run drops `on_llm_new_token` chunks because
-            the outer v2 handler reroutes `BaseChatModel.invoke`
-            through the v2 event protocol. Use `astream_v2` for the
-            inner graph as well, or call `chat_model.astream(...)`
-            explicitly, to get token-level streaming.
+        !!! warning
 
-        Args:
-            input: Graph input.
-            config: Optional runnable config forwarded to the graph.
-            interrupt_before: Nodes to interrupt before, if any.
-            interrupt_after: Nodes to interrupt after, if any.
-            control: Optional run control used to request cooperative drain.
-            transformers: Extra transformer classes or configured factories
-                appended after compile-time `stream_transformers`. Factories
-                are called as `factory(scope)` so they can propagate to
-                subgraph scopes.
+            The v3 streaming protocol is experimental and may change.
         """
         parent_ns = _resolve_parent_ns(self.config, config)
         compiled_factories = _normalize_stream_transformer_factories(
@@ -3579,9 +3574,178 @@ class Pregel(
             interrupt_before=interrupt_before,
             interrupt_after=interrupt_after,
             control=control,
+            **kwargs,
         ).__aiter__()
         return AsyncGraphRunStream(graph_aiter, mux)
 
+    @overload
+    def stream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v1", "v2"] = "v2",
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Iterator[StreamEvent]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def stream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v3"],
+        interrupt_before: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        control: RunControl | None = None,
+        transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Any: ...
+
+    def stream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v1", "v2", "v3"] = "v2",
+        interrupt_before: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        control: RunControl | None = None,
+        transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Stream events from this graph.
+
+        For `version="v1"` / `"v2"`, yields `StreamEvent` dicts (see
+        `Runnable.stream_events`). For `version="v3"`, returns a
+        `GraphRunStream` whose typed projections the caller drives by
+        iterating — no background thread.
+
+        !!! warning
+
+            The `version="v3"` API is experimental and may change.
+
+        Builds a `StreamMux` from the built-in transformers, this
+        graph's compile-time `stream_transformers`, and any additional
+        `transformers=` supplied at the call site. `run.output`,
+        `run.interrupted`, and `run.interrupts` work regardless of
+        which transformers are registered.
+
+        Note:
+            Nesting v1 `stream(stream_mode="messages")` inside a node
+            of a `stream_events(version="v3")` run is not fully
+            supported. The outer v3 messages handler reroutes
+            `BaseChatModel.invoke` through the v2 event protocol, so
+            the inner v1 handler does not see `on_llm_new_token`
+            chunks. The inner stream still yields a finalized message
+            via `on_llm_end`. Use `stream_events(version="v3")` for the
+            inner graph as well, or call `chat_model.stream(...)`
+            explicitly, to get token-level streaming.
+
+        Args:
+            input: Graph input.
+            config: Optional runnable config.
+            version: Streaming-event schema version. `"v3"` selects the
+                content-block-centric streaming protocol.
+            interrupt_before: Nodes to interrupt before, if any. Only
+                used for `version="v3"`.
+            interrupt_after: Nodes to interrupt after, if any. Only
+                used for `version="v3"`.
+            control: Optional run control used to request cooperative
+                drain. Only used for `version="v3"`.
+            transformers: Extra transformer classes or configured
+                factories appended after compile-time
+                `stream_transformers`. Factories are called as
+                `factory(scope)` so they can propagate to subgraph
+                scopes. Only used for `version="v3"`.
+            **kwargs: For `version="v1"`/`"v2"`, forwarded to
+                `Runnable.stream_events`. For `version="v3"`, forwarded
+                to the underlying `stream(...)` call (e.g. `context`,
+                `durability`, `output_keys`, `print_mode`, `debug`).
+                `stream_mode` and `subgraphs` are not accepted under
+                `version="v3"` and raise `TypeError` if supplied; v3
+                owns them.
+
+        Returns:
+            For `version="v3"`, a `GraphRunStream` the caller iterates
+            to drive the run. Otherwise an `Iterator[StreamEvent]`.
+        """
+        if version == "v3":
+            _reject_v3_invariant_kwargs(kwargs)
+            return self._pregel_stream_v3(
+                input,
+                config,
+                interrupt_before=interrupt_before,
+                interrupt_after=interrupt_after,
+                control=control,
+                transformers=transformers,
+                **kwargs,
+            )
+        return super().stream_events(input, config, version=version, **kwargs)
+
+    @overload
+    def astream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v1", "v2"] = "v2",
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[StreamEvent]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def astream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v3"],
+        interrupt_before: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        control: RunControl | None = None,
+        transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Awaitable[Any]: ...
+
+    def astream_events(
+        self,
+        input: InputT | Command | None,
+        config: RunnableConfig | None = None,
+        *,
+        version: Literal["v1", "v2", "v3"] = "v2",
+        interrupt_before: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        interrupt_after: All | Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        control: RunControl | None = None,
+        transformers: Sequence[Callable[[tuple[str, ...]], Any]] | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[StreamEvent] | Awaitable[Any]:
+        """Async variant of `stream_events`.
+
+        For `version="v3"`, returns an `AsyncGraphRunStream` whose
+        projections can be awaited concurrently; each subscribed cursor
+        drives the pump when its buffer is empty. The same nesting
+        limitation as the sync path applies — see `stream_events` for
+        details.
+
+        !!! warning
+
+            The `version="v3"` API is experimental and may change.
+
+        See `stream_events` for full argument and return documentation.
+        """
+        if version == "v3":
+            _reject_v3_invariant_kwargs(kwargs)
+            return self._apregel_stream_v3(
+                input,
+                config,
+                interrupt_before=interrupt_before,
+                interrupt_after=interrupt_after,
+                control=control,
+                transformers=transformers,
+                **kwargs,
+            )
+        return super().astream_events(input, config, version=version, **kwargs)
+
     @overload
     def invoke(
         self,
@@ -4076,7 +4240,7 @@ def _resolve_parent_ns(
 ) -> tuple[str, ...]:
     """Return the checkpoint namespace the caller is running under.
 
-    `stream_v2` uses this to scope its native projections
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` uses this to scope its native projections
     (`ValuesTransformer`, `MessagesTransformer`) to events emitted at
     the run's own level. A root call resolves to `()`; a call made
     from inside a node carries the outer graph's task namespace so the

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """Streaming infrastructure for LangGraph.
 
-Compile a graph with `transformers=[...]` and call `graph.stream_v2()` /
-`graph.astream_v2()` to drive a transformer pipeline that projects the
+Compile a graph with `transformers=[...]` and call `graph.stream_events(version="v3")` /
+`graph.astream_events(version="v3")` to drive a transformer pipeline that projects the
 graph's raw events into ergonomic per-channel streams.
 """
 

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/_mux.py

@@ -62,6 +62,14 @@ class StreamMux:
         `extensions`, `_native` keys are recorded in `native_keys`, and
         any StreamChannel instances are bound and (if named) wired.
 
+        Transformers with `StreamTransformer.before_builtins = True` are
+        registered ahead of the rest, preserving relative order within
+        each lane. This lets content-mutating transformers (PII
+        redaction, content filters, etc.) run before built-ins like
+        `MessagesTransformer` that eagerly snapshot text fields into
+        their projections. See `StreamTransformer.before_builtins` for
+        the contract and foot-guns.
+
         Args:
             transformers: Already-built transformer instances. Registered
                 only on this mux — they are NOT cloned into child
@@ -91,9 +99,11 @@ class StreamMux:
         self._assign_seq = _assign_seq
         self._events: StreamChannel[ProtocolEvent] = StreamChannel()
         self._events._bind(is_async=is_async)
+        self._events._bind_mux(self)
         self._transformers: list[StreamTransformer] = []
         self._channels: list[StreamChannel[Any]] = []
         self._seq = 0
+        self._push_seq = 0
 
         self.extensions: dict[str, Any] = {}
         self.native_keys: set[str] = set()
@@ -110,20 +120,41 @@ class StreamMux:
         self._pump_fn: Callable[[], bool] | None = None
         self._apump_fn: Callable[[], Awaitable[bool]] | None = None
 
-        # Factories run first (they propagate to child mini-muxes
-        # via `_make_child`), then any pre-built `transformers=`
-        # instances are registered as root-only — they aren't cloned
-        # for child scopes.
+        # Factories run first (they propagate to child mini-muxes via
+        # `_make_child`), then any pre-built `transformers=` instances
+        # are registered as root-only — they aren't cloned for child
+        # scopes. Within each group, transformers with
+        # `before_builtins = True` are registered ahead of the rest so
+        # they observe (and may mutate) events before built-ins like
+        # `MessagesTransformer`. The order *within* each lane matches
+        # the supplied sequence.
+        pre: list[StreamTransformer] = []
+        rest: list[StreamTransformer] = []
         if factories is not None:
             for factory in factories:
-                self._register(factory(scope))
+                transformer = factory(scope)
+                (
+                    pre if getattr(transformer, "before_builtins", False) else rest
+                ).append(transformer)
+            for transformer in (*pre, *rest):
+                self._register(transformer)
+            pre.clear()
+            rest.clear()
         for transformer in transformers or ():
+            (pre if getattr(transformer, "before_builtins", False) else rest).append(
+                transformer
+            )
+        for transformer in (*pre, *rest):
             self._register(transformer)
 
     def transformer_by_key(self, key: str) -> StreamTransformer | None:
         """Return the transformer that contributed `key` to the projection."""
         return self._transformer_by_key.get(key)
 
+    def _next_push_seq(self) -> int:
+        self._push_seq += 1
+        return self._push_seq
+
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Pump wiring + mini-mux nesting
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -449,6 +480,7 @@ class StreamMux:
         for value in projection.values():
             if isinstance(value, StreamChannel):
                 value._bind(is_async=self.is_async)
+                value._bind_mux(self)
                 self._channels.append(value)
                 if value.name is not None:
                     method = value.name if native else f"custom:{value.name}"

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/_types.py

@@ -88,14 +88,31 @@ class StreamTransformer(ABC):
         required_stream_modes: Stream modes the graph must emit for
             this transformer to have anything to process. Computed as
             the union across all registered transformers to determine
-            which modes a `stream_v2` run requests from the graph.
+            which modes a `stream_events(version="v3")` run requests from the graph.
             Empty tuple means the transformer consumes only synthetic
             events (or is purely passive).
+        before_builtins: Opt-in for transformers that must run *before*
+            built-in transformers like `MessagesTransformer` and
+            `ToolCallTransformer`. The mux partitions factories by this
+            flag at registration time: `before_builtins = True`
+            transformers are registered first, then everything else in
+            the order supplied. Within each lane, registration order is
+            preserved. This is the supported hook for content-mutating
+            transformers (PII redaction, profanity filters, etc.) whose
+            mutations must land before built-ins eagerly snapshot text
+            fields into their projections. **Foot-gun:** transformers
+            in this lane see `tasks` events before `LifecycleTransformer`
+            and `SubgraphTransformer` consume them — mutating
+            `event["params"]["namespace"]` or the data dict's
+            `id` / `result` / `error` / `interrupts` fields will desync
+            their bookkeeping. Observe freely; mutate only fields no
+            built-in reads (e.g. `delta.text` on `messages` events).
     """
 
     requires_async: ClassVar[bool] = False
     supports_sync: ClassVar[bool] = False
     required_stream_modes: ClassVar[tuple[str, ...]] = ()
+    before_builtins: ClassVar[bool] = False
 
     def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
         """Initialize the transformer with its mux's scope.

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/run_stream.py

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Awaitable, Callable, Iterator, Mappin
 from types import MappingProxyType, TracebackType
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
+from langchain_core._api import beta
+
 from langgraph.stream._convert import convert_to_protocol_event
 from langgraph.stream._mux import StreamMux
 from langgraph.stream._types import ProtocolEvent
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ async def _adrive_until_done(pump: Callable[[], Awaitable[bool]]) -> None:
         pass
 
 
+@beta(message="The v3 streaming protocol on Pregel is experimental.")
 class GraphRunStream:
     """Sync run stream with caller-driven pumping.
 
@@ -38,6 +41,11 @@ class GraphRunStream:
     All transformer projections live in `extensions`. Native transformer
     projections (those with `_native = True`) are also set as direct
     attributes on this instance (e.g. `run.values`, `run.messages`).
+
+    !!! warning
+
+        Returned by `Pregel.stream_events(version="v3")`, which is
+        experimental and may change.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -185,28 +193,25 @@ class GraphRunStream:
         return iter(self._mux._events)
 
     def interleave(self, *names: str) -> Iterator[tuple[str, Any]]:
-        """Iterate multiple projections round-robin, yielding ``(name, item)``.
+        """Iterate multiple projections in arrival order, yielding ``(name, item)``.
 
-        Each turn advances one projection's cursor; when a cursor's buffer
-        is empty, pulling from it drives the pump once, which fans out to
-        every subscribed projection log. Projections whose items aren't
-        consumed on this turn sit in their own buffers only until the next
-        turn reaches them, bounding memory by the skew between projection
-        rates rather than letting any single log grow to the full run
-        length.
-
-        Projections are exhausted independently; a projection that finishes
-        early drops out of the rotation while others continue. The overall
-        iterator ends once all named projections are done.
+        Items are ordered by a monotonic push stamp assigned when each
+        transformer pushes into its `StreamChannel`. This gives strict
+        arrival ordering across projections, unlike round-robin.
 
         Args:
             *names: Projection keys to interleave. Must match keys in
                 ``extensions``.
 
         Yields:
-            ``(name, item)`` tuples in round-robin order across the named
+            ``(name, item)`` tuples in arrival order across the named
             projections.
 
+        Each named channel is locked for the duration of iteration and
+        released when the generator completes, is closed, or raises.
+        Channels cannot be subscribed concurrently — use `.tee(n)` if
+        you need fan-out.
+
         Raises:
             KeyError: If a name doesn't match a registered projection.
 
@@ -219,22 +224,73 @@ class GraphRunStream:
                     print("val:", item)
             ```
         """
-        cursors: dict[str, Iterator[Any]] = {
-            name: iter(self.extensions[name]) for name in names
-        }
-        done: set[str] = set()
-        while len(done) < len(cursors):
-            for name, cursor in cursors.items():
-                if name in done:
-                    continue
-                try:
-                    item = next(cursor)
-                except StopIteration:
-                    done.add(name)
-                    continue
-                yield (name, item)
+        from langgraph.stream.stream_channel import StreamChannel
+
+        channels: dict[str, StreamChannel[Any]] = {}
+        try:
+            for name in names:
+                ch = self.extensions[name]
+                if not isinstance(ch, StreamChannel):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"interleave() requires StreamChannel projections, "
+                        f"got {type(ch).__name__} for {name!r}"
+                    )
+                if ch._is_async is None:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"StreamChannel {name!r} has not been bound yet. "
+                        "Register the transformer with a StreamMux first."
+                    )
+                if ch._is_async:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"StreamChannel {name!r} is bound to async mode — "
+                        "sync interleave() cannot consume async channels."
+                    )
+                if ch._subscribed:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        f"StreamChannel {name!r} already has a subscriber; "
+                        "use .tee(n) for fan-out."
+                    )
+                ch._subscribed = True
+                channels[name] = ch
+
+            done: set[str] = set()
+
+            while len(done) < len(channels):
+                best: tuple[int, str] | None = None
+                for name, ch in channels.items():
+                    if name in done:
+                        continue
+                    if ch._closed and not ch._items:
+                        if ch._error is not None:
+                            raise ch._error
+                        done.add(name)
+                        continue
+                    if ch._items:
+                        stamp = ch._items[0][0]
+                        if best is None or stamp < best[0]:
+                            best = (stamp, name)
+
+                if best is not None:
+                    _stamp, item = channels[best[1]]._items.popleft()
+                    yield (best[1], item)
+                else:
+                    pump = self._mux._pump_fn
+                    if pump is None or not pump():
+                        before = len(done)
+                        for name, ch in channels.items():
+                            if name not in done and not ch._items:
+                                if ch._closed:
+                                    if ch._error is not None:
+                                        raise ch._error
+                                    done.add(name)
+                        if len(done) == before:
+                            break
+        finally:
+            for ch in channels.values():
+                ch._subscribed = False
 
 
+@beta(message="The v3 streaming protocol on Pregel is experimental.")
 class AsyncGraphRunStream:
     """Async run stream with caller-driven pumping.
 
@@ -256,6 +312,11 @@ class AsyncGraphRunStream:
         async for msg in run.messages:
             ...
     ```
+
+    !!! warning
+
+        Awaited from `Pregel.astream_events(version="v3")`, which is
+        experimental and may change.
     """
 
     def __init__(

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/stream_channel.py

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 from collections import deque
 from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Awaitable, Callable, Iterator
-from typing import Generic, TypeVar
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Generic, TypeVar
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from langgraph.stream._mux import StreamMux
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ class StreamChannel(Generic[T]):
         if maxlen is not None and maxlen <= 0:
             raise ValueError("StreamChannel maxlen must be a positive int or None")
         self.name = name
-        self._items: deque[T] = deque()
+        self._items: deque[tuple[int, T]] = deque()
         self._maxlen: int | None = maxlen
         self._closed = False
         self._error: BaseException | None = None
@@ -77,11 +80,15 @@ class StreamChannel(Generic[T]):
         self._arequest_more: Callable[[], Awaitable[bool]] | None = None
 
         self._wire_fn: Callable[[T], None] | None = None
+        self._mux: StreamMux | None = None
 
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Binding
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+    def _bind_mux(self, mux: StreamMux) -> None:
+        self._mux = mux
+
     def _bind(self, *, is_async: bool) -> None:
         """Bind this channel to sync or async mode.
 
@@ -117,13 +124,18 @@ class StreamChannel(Generic[T]):
         registered, but auto-forwarding always fires so wired events
         reach the main event log regardless of subscription state.
 
+        Items are stored as `(stamp, item)` tuples where stamp is a
+        monotonic counter from the owning mux. Stamps are stripped by
+        the default cursors; raw stamped tuples are visible on `_items`.
+
         Raises:
             RuntimeError: If the channel is closed (and subscribed).
         """
         if self._subscribed:
             if self._closed:
                 raise RuntimeError("Cannot push to a closed StreamChannel")
-            self._items.append(item)
+            stamp = self._mux._next_push_seq() if self._mux is not None else 0
+            self._items.append((stamp, item))
         if self._wire_fn is not None:
             self._wire_fn(item)
 
@@ -170,7 +182,8 @@ class StreamChannel(Generic[T]):
     def _sync_cursor(self) -> Iterator[T]:
         while True:
             if self._items:
-                yield self._items.popleft()
+                _stamp, item = self._items.popleft()
+                yield item
             elif self._closed:
                 if self._error is not None:
                     raise self._error
@@ -212,7 +225,8 @@ class StreamChannel(Generic[T]):
     async def _async_cursor(self) -> AsyncIterator[T]:
         while True:
             if self._items:
-                yield self._items.popleft()
+                _stamp, item = self._items.popleft()
+                yield item
             elif self._closed:
                 if self._error is not None:
                     raise self._error

libs/langgraph/langgraph/stream/transformers.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from langchain_core.language_models.chat_model_stream import (
     AsyncChatModelStream,
     ChatModelStream,
 )
-from langchain_core.messages import AIMessageChunk, BaseMessage
+from langchain_core.messages import AIMessageChunk, BaseMessage, ToolMessage
 from langchain_protocol.protocol import MessagesData
 from typing_extensions import NotRequired, TypedDict
 
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ class ValuesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     Only values events at the run's own level are captured; snapshots
     from deeper subgraphs are left in the main event log but excluded
     from the projection. "Own level" is defined by `scope`, which
-    `stream_v2` / `astream_v2` populate from the caller's
-    checkpoint namespace so that a nested `stream_v2` call still
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` / `astream_events(version="v3")` populate from the caller's
+    checkpoint namespace so that a nested `stream_events(version="v3")` call still
     sees its own root snapshots.
     """
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     metadata)` from `StreamMessagesHandler`):
 
     1. Protocol event (dict with `"event"` key) — emitted by
-       `stream_v2()` / `astream_v2()` via the `on_stream_event`
+       `stream_events(version="v3")` / `astream_events(version="v3")` via the `on_stream_event`
        callback. Routed to an existing `ChatModelStream` by
        `metadata["run_id"]`. A `message-start` event creates a new
        stream; `message-finish` closes it.
@@ -177,15 +177,15 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     V1 `AIMessageChunk` tuples (from `on_llm_new_token`) are not
     streamed into this projection: chat models that want to populate
     `run.messages` with content-block streaming must use
-    `stream_v2()` / `astream_v2()`. Models called via the legacy
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` / `astream_events(version="v3")`. Models called via the legacy
     `stream()` method still surface their final `AIMessage` via
     `on_chain_end` when a node returns it as state.
 
     Only events at the run's own level are projected; tokens from
     deeper subgraphs are left in the main event log but excluded from
     `.messages`. "Own level" is defined by `scope`, which
-    `stream_v2` / `astream_v2` populate from the caller's checkpoint
-    namespace so that a `stream_v2` call inside a node still sees its
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` / `astream_events(version="v3")` populate from the caller's checkpoint
+    namespace so that a `stream_events(version="v3")` call inside a node still sees its
     own root chat model streams on `.messages`. Consumers that need
     subgraph tokens should iterate the raw event stream or register a
     custom transformer.
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
         # Correlate protocol events back to a ChatModelStream by run_id
         # (attached to the event's metadata by StreamMessagesHandler).
         self._by_run: dict[str, ChatModelStream] = {}
+        self._ignored_runs: set[str] = set()
         self._pump_fn: Callable[[], bool] | None = None
         self._apump_fn: Callable[[], Awaitable[bool]] | None = None
         # Cached as a list once for cheap equality with the protocol
@@ -276,12 +277,14 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
             self._route_protocol_event(
                 cast("MessagesData", payload), run_id=run_id, node=node
             )
-        elif isinstance(payload, BaseMessage) and not isinstance(
-            payload, AIMessageChunk
+        elif (
+            isinstance(payload, BaseMessage)
+            and not isinstance(payload, AIMessageChunk)
+            and not isinstance(payload, ToolMessage)
         ):
             self._route_whole_message(payload, node=node)
         # Legacy AIMessageChunk tuples (from on_llm_new_token) are ignored;
-        # v1 streaming callers must switch to stream_v2() to populate this
+        # v1 streaming callers must switch to stream_events(version="v3") to populate this
         # projection.
 
         return True
@@ -295,6 +298,11 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     ) -> None:
         event_type = event.get("event")
         if event_type == "message-start":
+            # Tool results are exposed on the tools projection and state
+            # snapshots; run.messages is the chat-token projection.
+            if event.get("role") == "tool":
+                self._ignored_runs.add(run_id)
+                return
             message_id = event.get("message_id")
             stream = self._make_stream(
                 namespace=[],
@@ -304,6 +312,9 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
             self._by_run[run_id] = stream
             self._log.push(stream)
             stream.dispatch(event)
+        elif run_id in self._ignored_runs:
+            if event_type == "message-finish":
+                self._ignored_runs.discard(run_id)
         elif run_id in self._by_run:
             stream = self._by_run[run_id]
             stream.dispatch(event)
@@ -319,12 +330,14 @@ class MessagesTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     def finalize(self) -> None:
         """Clear any routing state — streams close themselves via `message-finish`."""
         self._by_run.clear()
+        self._ignored_runs.clear()
 
     def fail(self, err: BaseException) -> None:
         """Propagate run error to any streams still open when the graph fails."""
         for stream in list(self._by_run.values()):
             stream.fail(err)
         self._by_run.clear()
+        self._ignored_runs.clear()
 
 
 SubgraphStatus = Literal["started", "completed", "failed", "interrupted", "drained"]

libs/langgraph/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "langgraph"
-version = "1.2.0a1"
+version = "1.2.1"
 description = "Building stateful, multi-actor applications with LLMs"
 authors = []
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ classifiers = [
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13',
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    "langchain-core>=1.3.2,<2",
-    "langgraph-checkpoint>=4.1.0a1,<5.0.0",
+    "langchain-core>=1.4.0,<2",
+    "langgraph-checkpoint>=4.1.0,<5.0.0",
     "langgraph-sdk>=0.3.0,<0.4.0",
-    "langgraph-prebuilt>=1.0.12,<1.1.0",
+    "langgraph-prebuilt>=1.1.0,<1.2.0",
     "xxhash>=3.5.0",
     "pydantic>=2.7.4",
 ]

libs/langgraph/tests/test_channels.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from typing import Annotated
 
 import pytest
 from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage, RemoveMessage
-from langgraph.checkpoint.base import DELTA_SENTINEL
 from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
 from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
 from typing_extensions import NotRequired, TypedDict
@@ -140,11 +139,11 @@ def test_delta_channel_basic_two_steps() -> None:
 
     ch.update([HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")])
     d1 = ch.checkpoint()
-    assert d1 is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert d1 is MISSING
 
     ch.update([AIMessage(content="hello", id="a1")])
     d2 = ch.checkpoint()
-    assert d2 is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert d2 is MISSING
 
     assert len(ch.get()) == 2
     assert ch.get()[0].content == "hi"
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_basic_two_steps() -> None:
 def test_delta_channel_from_checkpoint_writes_list() -> None:
     """replay_writes on a fresh channel replays through the operator."""
     spec = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, list)
-    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "messages", HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")),
@@ -182,7 +181,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_overwrite() -> None:
 
     ch.update([Overwrite([HumanMessage(content="new", id="h2")])])
     d = ch.checkpoint()
-    assert d is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert d is MISSING
     assert len(ch.get()) == 1
     assert ch.get()[0].content == "new"
 
@@ -202,7 +201,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_remove_message_and_replay() -> None:
     ch.update([RemoveMessage(id="a1")])
     assert ch.get() == [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")]
 
-    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch2.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "messages", HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")),
@@ -222,7 +221,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_update_by_id_and_replay() -> None:
     ch.update([HumanMessage(content="updated", id="h1")])
     assert ch.get() == [HumanMessage(content="updated", id="h1")]
 
-    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch2.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "messages", HumanMessage(content="original", id="h1")),
@@ -233,13 +232,70 @@ def test_delta_channel_update_by_id_and_replay() -> None:
     assert ch2.get()[0].content == "updated"
 
 
-def test_delta_channel_checkpoint_returns_sentinel() -> None:
-    """checkpoint() always returns DELTA_SENTINEL regardless of state."""
+def test_delta_channel_dict_coercion() -> None:
+    """_messages_delta_reducer coerces dict writes to BaseMessage objects.
+
+    HTTP-driven input always arrives as JSON dicts.  The reducer must coerce
+    them (same contract as add_messages) so graphs work without a separate
+    coercion step.
+    """
     ch = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, list).from_checkpoint(MISSING)
-    assert ch.checkpoint() is DELTA_SENTINEL
+
+    # dict input — simulates what arrives from the HTTP API
+    ch.update([{"role": "human", "content": "hello", "id": "h1"}])
+    assert len(ch.get()) == 1
+    assert isinstance(ch.get()[0], HumanMessage)
+    assert ch.get()[0].content == "hello"
+    assert ch.get()[0].id == "h1"
+
+    # update by ID via dict
+    ch.update([{"role": "ai", "content": "world", "id": "h1"}])
+    assert len(ch.get()) == 1
+    assert ch.get()[0].content == "world"
+
+    # remove via RemoveMessage instance (same contract as add_messages)
+    ch.update([RemoveMessage(id="h1")])
+    assert ch.get() == []
+
+
+def test_messages_delta_reducer_coerces_state() -> None:
+    """State (left side) is coerced when raw — supports raw initial input
+    and deserialized blobs. The steady-state path (state already typed)
+    short-circuits and skips coercion.
+    """
+    state = [{"role": "human", "content": "hello", "id": "h1"}]
+    writes = [[{"role": "ai", "content": "world", "id": "h1"}]]
+    result = _messages_delta_reducer(state, writes)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    assert len(result) == 1
+    assert isinstance(result[0], AIMessage)
+    assert result[0].content == "world"
+    assert result[0].id == "h1"
+
+
+def test_messages_delta_reducer_tuple_write_is_one_message() -> None:
+    """A top-level tuple write is one message-like, not a sequence to flatten.
+
+    `("user", "hi")` is a valid `MessageLikeRepresentation`; flattening it
+    would produce two HumanMessages ("user", "hi") instead of one.
+    """
+    result = _messages_delta_reducer([], [("user", "hi")])  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    assert len(result) == 1
+    assert isinstance(result[0], HumanMessage)
+    assert result[0].content == "hi"
+
+
+def test_delta_channel_checkpoint_returns_missing() -> None:
+    """checkpoint() always returns MISSING regardless of state.
+
+    Pregel writes `_DeltaSnapshot(ch.get())` directly into `channel_values`
+    on snapshot steps; the channel itself never participates in snapshot
+    serialization, so its `checkpoint()` is always the absence sentinel.
+    """
+    ch = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, list).from_checkpoint(MISSING)
+    assert ch.checkpoint() is MISSING
 
     ch.update([HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")])
-    assert ch.checkpoint() is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert ch.checkpoint() is MISSING
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -247,12 +303,13 @@ def test_delta_channel_checkpoint_returns_sentinel() -> None:
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def test_delta_channel_snapshot_step_based() -> None:
-    """Snapshots fire on every Nth step regardless of whether the channel was written.
+def test_delta_channel_snapshot_version_based() -> None:
+    """Snapshots fire when a channel accumulates `snapshot_frequency` updates.
 
-    With snapshot_frequency=N, every Nth pregel step produces a _DeltaSnapshot
-    blob — even if the channel had no write that step (eager snapshot). This
-    bounds the ancestor walk to at most N steps on any read.
+    Under the version-delta cadence, every time the channel's
+    `current_version - last_snapshot_version >= snapshot_frequency` a
+    `_DeltaSnapshot` blob is written. Bounds the ancestor walk to at most
+    `snapshot_frequency` steps on any read for that channel.
     """
 
     class State(TypedDict):
@@ -295,51 +352,14 @@ def test_delta_channel_snapshot_step_based() -> None:
     assert len(state.values["messages"]) == 12  # 6 human + 6 AI
 
 
-def test_delta_channel_snapshot_fires_even_when_not_written() -> None:
-    """Eager snapshot: _DeltaSnapshot stored at snapshot step even when the
-    channel had no write that step (node_b doesn't touch messages).
-    """
-
-    class State(TypedDict):
-        messages: Annotated[
-            list, DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=3)
-        ]
-        tick: int
-
-    def writer(state: State) -> dict:
-        i = len(state["messages"]) // 2
-        return {"messages": [AIMessage(content=f"a{i}", id=f"a{i}")]}
-
-    def ticker(state: State) -> dict:
-        return {"tick": state["tick"] + 1}
-
-    g = StateGraph(State)
-    g.add_node("writer", writer)
-    g.add_node("ticker", ticker)
-    g.add_edge(START, "writer")
-    g.add_edge("writer", "ticker")
-    saver = InMemorySaver()
-    graph = g.compile(checkpointer=saver)
-
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t1"}}
-    for i in range(5):
-        graph.invoke(
-            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=f"h{i}", id=f"h{i}")], "tick": 0},
-            config,
-        )
-
-    msg_blobs = {
-        k: saver.serde.loads_typed((t, b))
-        for k, (t, b) in saver.blobs.items()
-        if k[2] == "messages" and t == "msgpack" and b
-    }
-    snapshots = {k: v for k, v in msg_blobs.items() if isinstance(v, _DeltaSnapshot)}
-    assert snapshots, (
-        "eager snapshots must fire even on steps where messages wasn't written"
-    )
-
-    state = graph.get_state(config)
-    assert len(state.values["messages"]) == 10  # 5 human + 5 AI
+# TODO(delta-channel-cadence): the previous "snapshot fires even when channel
+# was not written" test asserted eager step-based snapshotting; under the new
+# version-delta cadence (`should_snapshot` triggers on per-channel update
+# count, not superstep count), no snapshot fires for an unwritten channel.
+# Replace with a test that exercises the version-delta trigger plus the
+# durability="exit" force-snapshot branch — see
+# `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-05-04-delta-channel-batched-reads-design.md`
+# section "Snapshot cadence".
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -371,8 +391,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_inmemory_saver_assembles_writes() -> None:
 
     saved = saver.get_tuple(config)
     assert saved is not None
-    assert "messages" in saved.checkpoint["channel_values"]
-    assert saved.checkpoint["channel_values"]["messages"] is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert "messages" not in saved.checkpoint["channel_values"]
 
     state = graph.get_state(config)
     assert len(state.values["messages"]) == 4  # 2 human + 2 AI
@@ -415,11 +434,11 @@ def test_delta_channel_dict_reducer_basic_updates() -> None:
 
     ch.update([{"a": 1}])
     d1 = ch.checkpoint()
-    assert d1 is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert d1 is MISSING
 
     ch.update([{"b": 2}])
     d2 = ch.checkpoint()
-    assert d2 is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert d2 is MISSING
 
     assert ch.get() == {"a": 1, "b": 2}
 
@@ -434,7 +453,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_dict_reducer_writes_reconstruction() -> None:
         return result
 
     spec = _delta_channel_with_type(merge_dicts, dict)
-    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "files", {"a": 1}),
@@ -464,7 +483,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_dict_reducer_with_deletions() -> None:
     assert ch.get() == {"file2.py": "content2", "file3.py": "content3"}
 
     spec = _delta_channel_with_type(merge_files, dict)
-    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch2 = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch2.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "files", {"file1.py": "content1", "file2.py": "content2"}),
@@ -499,7 +518,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_dict_reducer_overwrite_in_writes_replay() -> None:
         return result
 
     spec = _delta_channel_with_type(merge_dicts, dict)
-    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(DELTA_SENTINEL)
+    ch = spec.from_checkpoint(MISSING)
     ch.replay_writes(
         [
             ("t0", "files", {"a": 1}),
@@ -562,7 +581,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_dict_reducer_end_to_end_filesystem() -> None:
 
     saved = saver.get_tuple(config)
     assert saved is not None
-    assert saved.checkpoint["channel_values"]["files"] is DELTA_SENTINEL
+    assert "files" not in saved.checkpoint["channel_values"]
     state = graph.get_state(config)
     assert state.values["files"] == {
         "/doc_1.txt": "content for turn 1",
@@ -640,7 +659,7 @@ def test_delta_channel_from_checkpoint_seed_without_writes() -> None:
 def test_delta_channel_from_checkpoint_seed_none_is_distinct_from_sentinel() -> None:
     """`seed=None` must start replay from None, not from an empty channel.
 
-    The DELTA_SENTINEL / MISSING sentinels mean 'no seed'; passing `None`
+    The `MISSING` absence sentinel means 'no seed'; passing `None`
     explicitly should feed None to the reducer as the left operand.
     """
 

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_benchmark.py

@@ -1,35 +1,41 @@
-"""Benchmark: DeltaChannel snapshot_frequency — storage vs. read-depth tradeoff.
+"""Benchmark: DeltaChannel — multi-channel reads, mixed snapshot frequencies.
 
 Run directly:  python tests/test_delta_channel_benchmark.py
 Run via pytest: pytest tests/test_delta_channel_benchmark.py -s
 
-Part 1 — baseline (original): DeltaChannel(inf) vs add_messages (BinOp).
-Part 2 — snapshot_frequency sweep: shows the storage/read-latency tradeoff
-  across frequencies [1, 5, 10, 50, inf] at scale.
+Sweeps `(K delta channels, snapshot_frequency strategy, turn count)` and
+reports per-scenario read latency, write latency, storage, and peak Python
+heap usage during `get_state`.
 
-Key insight:
-  snapshot_frequency=inf  → O(N) storage, O(N) read depth (pure delta)
-  snapshot_frequency=N    → O(N²/N) storage, O(N) read depth bounded by freq
-  snapshot_frequency=1    → O(N²) storage, O(1) read depth (full snapshot)
+Scenarios cover the dimensions where this branch's optimizations matter:
+
+  * K-channel batching   — varying K (number of `DeltaChannel`s the graph
+                           reads on hydrate) shows the effect of merging
+                           per-channel reads into a single saver call.
+  * Mixed frequencies    — channels with very different snapshot cadences
+                           in one graph exercise the per-channel chain
+                           bound in stage-2.
+  * Turn count           — chain depth shows how paged stage-1 holds up.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import contextlib
-import math
+import gc
 import os
 import sys
 import time
+import tracemalloc
 from typing import Annotated, Any
 
 import pytest
-from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage
+from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
 from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
 from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
 from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph
-from langgraph.graph.message import _messages_delta_reducer, add_messages
+from langgraph.graph.message import _messages_delta_reducer
 
 try:
     from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver
@@ -42,24 +48,16 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     _POSTGRES_AVAILABLE = False
 
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Realistic message payload (~100 tokens / ~400 chars each)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 _HUMAN_TEMPLATE = (
-    "I need help understanding the implications of {topic} on our system architecture. "
-    "Specifically, I'm concerned about how this interacts with our existing {concern} "
-    "and whether we need to refactor the {component} layer before proceeding. "
-    "We've had prior incidents in this area and want to be deliberate. "
-    "What should we prioritize first, and are there known failure modes we should design around from the start?"
-)
-
-_AI_TEMPLATE = (
-    "Great question about {topic}. The key insight here is that {concern} introduces "
-    "a subtle ordering dependency that most teams overlook until they hit it in production. "
-    "For your {component} layer specifically, I'd recommend starting with a careful audit "
-    "of the interface boundaries before making any structural changes. This will give you "
-    "a clear picture of the blast radius and let you sequence the migration safely."
+    "I need help understanding the implications of {topic} on our system "
+    "architecture. Specifically, I'm concerned about how this interacts with "
+    "our existing {concern} and whether we need to refactor the {component} "
+    "layer before proceeding."
 )
 
 _TOPICS = [
@@ -68,28 +66,9 @@ _TOPICS = [
     "schema migration",
     "backpressure handling",
     "idempotency guarantees",
-    "cache invalidation",
-    "connection pooling",
-    "rate limiting",
-    "circuit breaking",
-    "observability pipelines",
-]
-
-_CONCERNS = [
-    "concurrency model",
-    "retry semantics",
-    "state management",
-    "error propagation",
-    "latency budget",
-]
-
-_COMPONENTS = [
-    "persistence",
-    "routing",
-    "ingestion",
-    "aggregation",
-    "serialization",
 ]
+_CONCERNS = ["concurrency model", "retry semantics", "ordering guarantees"]
+_COMPONENTS = ["persistence", "ingestion", "routing"]
 
 
 def _human_content(i: int) -> str:
@@ -100,136 +79,132 @@ def _human_content(i: int) -> str:
     )
 
 
-def _ai_content(i: int) -> str:
-    return _AI_TEMPLATE.format(
-        topic=_TOPICS[i % len(_TOPICS)],
-        concern=_CONCERNS[i % len(_CONCERNS)],
-        component=_COMPONENTS[i % len(_COMPONENTS)],
-    )
-
-
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# State definitions
+# State / graph factory: K DeltaChannel fields with per-channel freqs
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-class BinaryState(TypedDict):
-    messages: Annotated[list, add_messages]
-
-
-class DeltaState(TypedDict):
-    messages: Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer)]
-
-
-def _make_delta_state(snapshot_frequency: int | float) -> type:
-    """Create a TypedDict with DeltaChannel at the given snapshot_frequency."""
-    channel = DeltaChannel(
-        _messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=snapshot_frequency
-    )
-    # Use the functional TypedDict form so the Annotated type is stored as an
-    # already-evaluated object rather than a forward-reference string (which
-    # would fail when get_type_hints tries to resolve 'snapshot_frequency').
+def _make_state_cls(freqs: list[int]) -> type:
+    """Build a TypedDict with one DeltaChannel per entry in `freqs`."""
+    fields: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    for i, freq in enumerate(freqs):
+        ch = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=freq)
+        fields[f"ch{i}"] = Annotated[list, ch]
     return TypedDict(  # type: ignore[return-value]
-        f"DeltaState_freq{snapshot_frequency}",
-        {"messages": Annotated[list, channel]},
+        "_BenchState_" + "-".join(str(f) for f in freqs),
+        fields,
     )
 
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Graph factory
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _make_graph(state_cls: type, K: int, checkpointer: Any = None) -> Any:
+    """Graph: one node, writes a fresh message into every channel each turn."""
 
-
-def _make_graph(state_cls: type, checkpointer: Any = None) -> Any:
-    def human_node(state: Any) -> dict:
-        return {}
-
-    def ai_node(state: Any) -> dict:
-        i = len(state["messages"]) // 2
-        return {"messages": [AIMessage(content=_ai_content(i), id=f"a{i}")]}
+    def fanout(state: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        i = max(len(state.get(f"ch{j}", [])) for j in range(K))
+        # Each channel gets its own copy with a unique id so the reducer
+        # does meaningful per-channel state accumulation.
+        return {
+            f"ch{j}": [HumanMessage(content=_human_content(i), id=f"c{j}_{i}")]
+            for j in range(K)
+        }
 
     g = StateGraph(state_cls)
-    g.add_node("human", human_node)
-    g.add_node("ai", ai_node)
-    g.add_edge("human", "ai")
-    g.add_edge("ai", END)
-    g.set_entry_point("human")
+    g.add_node("fanout", fanout)
+    g.set_entry_point("fanout")
+    g.add_edge("fanout", END)
     return g.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer or MemorySaver())
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Measurement helpers
+# Storage / memory measurement
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def _total_blob_bytes(saver: MemorySaver) -> int:
-    total = 0
-    for (_, _, _, _), (type_tag, blob) in saver.blobs.items():
-        if blob is not None:
-            total += len(blob)
-    return total
+def _inmemory_blob_bytes(saver: MemorySaver) -> int:
+    return sum(
+        len(blob) for (_, _, _, _), (_, blob) in saver.blobs.items() if blob is not None
+    )
 
 
-def _run_turns(
-    n_turns: int,
-    state_cls: type,
-    checkpointer: Any = None,
-) -> tuple[float, float, int]:
-    """Run n_turns conversation turns.
-
-    Returns (write_elapsed_s, read_elapsed_s, total_blob_bytes).
-    Read latency is the average of 5 get_state calls after the full history
-    is built — forces state rehydration including ancestor replay if needed.
+def _postgres_storage_bytes(saver: Any, thread_id: str) -> int:
+    """Total bytes across checkpoints / checkpoint_blobs / checkpoint_writes
+    rows for this `thread_id`. Uses `pg_column_size` for an in-row payload
+    estimate; faster than full-table size and scoped to the thread."""
+    sql = """
+    SELECT COALESCE(SUM(pg_column_size(c.*)), 0)
+         + COALESCE((SELECT SUM(pg_column_size(b.*)) FROM checkpoint_blobs b
+                     WHERE b.thread_id = %s), 0)
+         + COALESCE((SELECT SUM(pg_column_size(w.*)) FROM checkpoint_writes w
+                     WHERE w.thread_id = %s), 0)
+         AS total
+    FROM checkpoints c
+    WHERE c.thread_id = %s
     """
-    graph = _make_graph(state_cls, checkpointer)
-    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "bench"}}
+    with saver._cursor() as cur:
+        cur.execute(sql, (thread_id, thread_id, thread_id))
+        row = cur.fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        return 0
+    if isinstance(row, dict):
+        return int(row.get("total") or 0)
+    return int(row[0] or 0)
 
+
+def _run_scenario(
+    freqs: list[int],
+    n_turns: int,
+    checkpointer: Any,
+    thread_id: str,
+) -> dict[str, float | int]:
+    """Drive `n_turns` invocations of a K-channel graph, measure
+    write/read/storage/peak-memory."""
+    K = len(freqs)
+    state_cls = _make_state_cls(freqs)
+    graph = _make_graph(state_cls, K, checkpointer)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": thread_id}}
+
+    # Write phase
     t0 = time.perf_counter()
     for i in range(n_turns):
-        graph.invoke(
-            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=_human_content(i), id=f"h{i}")]},
-            config,
-        )
+        graph.invoke({}, config)
     write_elapsed = time.perf_counter() - t0
 
+    # Read phase + tracemalloc peak across get_state calls
+    gc.collect()
+    tracemalloc.start()
     t1 = time.perf_counter()
     for _ in range(5):
         graph.get_state(config)
     read_elapsed = (time.perf_counter() - t1) / 5
+    _, peak_bytes = tracemalloc.get_traced_memory()
+    tracemalloc.stop()
 
-    blob_bytes = (
-        _total_blob_bytes(graph.checkpointer)
-        if isinstance(graph.checkpointer, MemorySaver)
-        else -1
-    )
-    return write_elapsed, read_elapsed, blob_bytes
+    # Storage
+    if isinstance(graph.checkpointer, MemorySaver):
+        storage = _inmemory_blob_bytes(graph.checkpointer)
+    elif _POSTGRES_AVAILABLE and isinstance(graph.checkpointer, PostgresSaver):
+        storage = _postgres_storage_bytes(graph.checkpointer, thread_id)
+    else:
+        storage = -1
 
-
-def _fmt_bytes(n: int) -> str:
-    if n >= 1_000_000:
-        return f"{n / 1_000_000:.1f} MB"
-    if n >= 1_000:
-        return f"{n / 1_000:.1f} KB"
-    return f"{n} B"
-
-
-def _approx_tokens(n_turns: int) -> str:
-    tokens = n_turns * 200
-    if tokens >= 1_000_000:
-        return f"~{tokens / 1_000_000:.1f}M tok"
-    if tokens >= 1_000:
-        return f"~{tokens / 1_000:.0f}K tok"
-    return f"~{tokens} tok"
+    return {
+        "K": K,
+        "turns": n_turns,
+        "write_total_s": write_elapsed,
+        "write_per_invoke_ms": (write_elapsed / n_turns) * 1000,
+        "read_avg_ms": read_elapsed * 1000,
+        "storage_bytes": storage,
+        "peak_mem_bytes": peak_bytes,
+    }
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Checkpointer factories
+# Postgres helpers
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def _pg_saver(thread_id: str = "bench"):
-    """Context manager that yields a fresh PostgresSaver and cleans up after."""
+def _pg_saver(thread_id: str):
     with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(_POSTGRES_URI) as saver:
         saver.setup()
         with saver._cursor() as cur:
@@ -242,7 +217,6 @@ def _pg_saver(thread_id: str = "bench"):
 
 
 def _checkpointers() -> list[tuple[str, Any]]:
-    """Return (label, saver_or_None) pairs for available checkpointers."""
     result: list[tuple[str, Any]] = [("InMemory", None)]
     if _POSTGRES_AVAILABLE:
         try:
@@ -256,223 +230,92 @@ def _checkpointers() -> list[tuple[str, Any]]:
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Part 1: baseline DeltaChannel(inf) vs add_messages
+# Scenarios
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-BASELINE_TURN_COUNTS = [10, 25, 50, 100, 500]
-DELTA_ONLY_TURN_COUNTS = [1000]
+SCENARIOS: list[tuple[str, list[int]]] = [
+    ("K=1, freq=50", [50]),
+    ("K=3, freq=50 uniform", [50, 50, 50]),
+    ("K=3, freq=mixed", [50, 200, 1000]),
+    ("K=8, freq=50 uniform", [50] * 8),
+    ("K=8, freq=mixed", [25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 1000, 1000]),
+]
+
+TURN_COUNTS = [100, 500]
 
 
-def _run_baseline_for_checkpointer(cp_label: str, cp_hint: Any) -> None:
-    W = 72
+def _fmt_bytes(n: int) -> str:
+    if n < 0:
+        return "n/a"
+    if n >= 1_000_000:
+        return f"{n / 1_000_000:.1f} MB"
+    if n >= 1_000:
+        return f"{n / 1_000:.1f} KB"
+    return f"{n} B"
 
-    def _make_saver():
-        if cp_hint is None:
-            return contextlib.nullcontext(None)
-        return _pg_saver()
 
-    rows: list[tuple[int, Any, Any, Any, Any, Any, Any]] = []
-    for turns in BASELINE_TURN_COUNTS:
-        with _make_saver() as saver:
-            b_wt, b_rt, b_bytes = _run_turns(turns, BinaryState, saver)
-        with _make_saver() as saver:
-            d_wt, d_rt, d_bytes = _run_turns(turns, DeltaState, saver)
-        rows.append((turns, b_bytes, d_bytes, b_rt, d_rt, b_wt, d_wt))
-    for turns in DELTA_ONLY_TURN_COUNTS:
-        with _make_saver() as saver:
-            d_wt, d_rt, d_bytes = _run_turns(turns, DeltaState, saver)
-        rows.append((turns, None, d_bytes, None, d_rt, None, d_wt))
-
-    def _bytes_or_na(v: Any) -> str:
-        if v is None or v < 0:
-            return "n/a"
-        return _fmt_bytes(v)
-
-    def _ms_or_na(v: Any) -> str:
-        return "n/a" if v is None else f"{v * 1000:.1f}ms"
-
-    print(f"\n  [{cp_label}] Storage (blob bytes)")
-    print(
-        f"  {'turns':>6}  {'ctx':>10}  {'add_msgs':>12}  {'delta(inf)':>12}  {'savings':>8}"
+def _print_scenario_table(cp_label: str, rows: list[dict]) -> None:
+    print(f"\n  [{cp_label}]")
+    header = (
+        f"  {'scenario':<28}{'turns':>8}{'write_ms':>11}"
+        f"{'read_ms':>10}{'storage':>12}{'peak_mem':>12}"
     )
-    print("  " + "-" * (W - 2))
-    for turns, b_bytes, d_bytes, b_rt, d_rt, b_wt, d_wt in rows:
-        if b_bytes is None or b_bytes < 0 or d_bytes is None or d_bytes < 0:
-            ratio_str = "n/a"
-        else:
-            ratio = b_bytes / d_bytes if d_bytes else float("inf")
-            ratio_str = f"{ratio:.0f}x"
+    print(header)
+    print("  " + "-" * (len(header) - 2))
+    for row in rows:
         print(
-            f"  {turns:>6}  {_approx_tokens(turns):>10}  "
-            f"{_bytes_or_na(b_bytes):>12}  {_bytes_or_na(d_bytes):>12}  {ratio_str:>8}"
-        )
-
-    print(f"\n  [{cp_label}] Read latency (avg of 5 get_state calls)")
-    print(f"  {'turns':>6}  {'ctx':>10}  {'add_msgs':>12}  {'delta(inf)':>12}")
-    print("  " + "-" * (W - 2))
-    for turns, b_bytes, d_bytes, b_rt, d_rt, b_wt, d_wt in rows:
-        print(
-            f"  {turns:>6}  {_approx_tokens(turns):>10}  "
-            f"{_ms_or_na(b_rt):>12}  {_ms_or_na(d_rt):>12}"
+            f"  {row['scenario']:<28}"
+            f"{row['turns']:>8}"
+            f"{row['write_per_invoke_ms']:>10.1f}"
+            f"{row['read_avg_ms']:>10.2f}"
+            f"{_fmt_bytes(row['storage_bytes']):>12}"
+            f"{_fmt_bytes(row['peak_mem_bytes']):>12}"
         )
 
 
-def run_baseline_benchmark() -> None:
-    print()
-    print("Part 1 — DeltaChannel(inf) vs add_messages: storage & latency")
-    print("=" * 72)
+def run_benchmark() -> list[dict]:
+    """Run the full sweep and return all measurement rows."""
+    all_rows: list[dict] = []
     for cp_label, cp_hint in _checkpointers():
-        _run_baseline_for_checkpointer(cp_label, cp_hint)
-    print()
+        rows: list[dict] = []
+        for scenario_label, freqs in SCENARIOS:
+            for turns in TURN_COUNTS:
+                thread_id = f"bench-{scenario_label.replace(' ', '_')}-{turns}".lower()
+                if cp_hint is None:
+                    saver_ctx: Any = contextlib.nullcontext(None)
+                else:
+                    saver_ctx = _pg_saver(thread_id)
+                with saver_ctx as saver:
+                    measured = _run_scenario(freqs, turns, saver, thread_id)
+                measured["scenario"] = scenario_label
+                measured["saver"] = cp_label
+                rows.append(measured)
+                all_rows.append(measured)
+        _print_scenario_table(cp_label, rows)
+    return all_rows
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Part 2: snapshot_frequency sweep
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-# Frequencies to test. 1 = always snapshot (like BinOp), inf = pure delta.
-SNAPSHOT_FREQUENCIES: list[int | float] = [1, 5, 10, 50, math.inf]
-
-# Turn counts for the sweep — high enough to show storage divergence.
-SWEEP_TURN_COUNTS = [50, 100, 500]
-
-
-def _freq_label(freq: int | float) -> str:
-    if freq == math.inf:
-        return "inf"
-    return str(int(freq))
-
-
-def _run_sweep_for_checkpointer(cp_label: str, cp_hint: Any) -> None:
-    def _make_saver():
-        if cp_hint is None:
-            return contextlib.nullcontext(None)
-        return _pg_saver()
-
-    # Collect results: {turns: {freq_label: (write_s, read_s, bytes)}}
-    results: dict[int, dict[str, tuple[float, float, int]]] = {}
-    for turns in SWEEP_TURN_COUNTS:
-        results[turns] = {}
-        for freq in SNAPSHOT_FREQUENCIES:
-            state_cls = _make_delta_state(freq)
-            with _make_saver() as saver:
-                wt, rt, bb = _run_turns(turns, state_cls, saver)
-            results[turns][_freq_label(freq)] = (wt, rt, bb)
-
-    freq_labels = [_freq_label(f) for f in SNAPSHOT_FREQUENCIES]
-    col_w = 12
-
-    header = f"  {'turns':>6}  {'ctx':>10}" + "".join(
-        f"  {f'freq={freq_label}':>{col_w}}" for freq_label in freq_labels
-    )
-
-    print(f"\n  [{cp_label}] Storage (blob bytes) — lower is better")
-    print(header)
-    print("  " + "-" * (len(header) - 2))
-    for turns in SWEEP_TURN_COUNTS:
-        row = f"  {turns:>6}  {_approx_tokens(turns):>10}"
-        for label in freq_labels:
-            _, _, bb = results[turns][label]
-            row += f"  {_fmt_bytes(bb) if bb >= 0 else 'n/a':>{col_w}}"
-        print(row)
-
-    print(f"\n  [{cp_label}] Read latency (avg of 5 get_state) — lower is better")
-    print(header)
-    print("  " + "-" * (len(header) - 2))
-    for turns in SWEEP_TURN_COUNTS:
-        row = f"  {turns:>6}  {_approx_tokens(turns):>10}"
-        for label in freq_labels:
-            _, rt, _ = results[turns][label]
-            row += f"  {f'{rt * 1000:.1f}ms':>{col_w}}"
-        print(row)
-
-    print(
-        f"\n  [{cp_label}] Per-invoke write latency (total / turns) — lower is better"
-    )
-    print(header)
-    print("  " + "-" * (len(header) - 2))
-    for turns in SWEEP_TURN_COUNTS:
-        row = f"  {turns:>6}  {_approx_tokens(turns):>10}"
-        for label in freq_labels:
-            wt, _, _ = results[turns][label]
-            row += f"  {f'{(wt / turns) * 1000:.1f}ms':>{col_w}}"
-        print(row)
-
-
-def run_snapshot_freq_benchmark() -> None:
-    print()
-    print("Part 2 — DeltaChannel snapshot_frequency sweep")
-    print("Lower freq → fewer snapshots → less storage but deeper read replay")
-    print("=" * 80)
-    for cp_label, cp_hint in _checkpointers():
-        _run_sweep_for_checkpointer(cp_label, cp_hint)
-    print()
-    print("Legend:")
-    print(
-        "  freq=1    snapshot every write (full blob always — same as add_messages / BinOp)"
-    )
-    print("  freq=N    snapshot every N writes; read walks at most N ancestor writes")
-    print("  freq=inf  pure delta; read walks entire ancestor chain")
-    print()
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Pytest entry points
+# Pytest entry point
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skip(
     reason="slow benchmark — run manually with: python tests/test_delta_channel_benchmark.py"
 )
-def test_delta_channel_baseline_benchmark(capsys: Any) -> None:
-    """DeltaChannel(inf) uses less storage than add_messages at scale."""
+def test_delta_channel_benchmark(capsys: Any) -> None:
+    """Manual benchmark — see module docstring."""
     with capsys.disabled():
-        run_baseline_benchmark()
-
-    for turns in [25, 50]:
-        _, _, b_bytes = _run_turns(turns, BinaryState)
-        _, _, d_bytes = _run_turns(turns, DeltaState)
-        assert d_bytes < b_bytes, (
-            f"DeltaChannel should use less storage at {turns} turns, "
-            f"got delta={d_bytes} binary={b_bytes}"
-        )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.skip(
-    reason="slow benchmark — run manually with: python tests/test_delta_channel_benchmark.py"
-)
-def test_snapshot_freq_benchmark(capsys: Any) -> None:
-    """snapshot_frequency trades storage for bounded read depth."""
-    with capsys.disabled():
-        run_snapshot_freq_benchmark()
-
-    # Correctness: results at all frequencies should agree on final state.
-    n_turns = 20
-    states: dict[str, list] = {}
-    for freq in SNAPSHOT_FREQUENCIES:
-        state_cls = _make_delta_state(freq)
-        graph = _make_graph(state_cls)
-        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "correctness"}}
-        for i in range(n_turns):
-            graph.invoke(
-                {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=_human_content(i), id=f"h{i}")]},
-                config,
-            )
-        state = graph.get_state(config)
-        states[_freq_label(freq)] = [m.id for m in state.values["messages"]]
-
-    ref = states["inf"]
-    for label, msg_ids in states.items():
-        assert msg_ids == ref, (
-            f"freq={label} produced different message IDs than freq=inf"
-        )
+        run_benchmark()
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Script entry point
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    run_baseline_benchmark()
-    run_snapshot_freq_benchmark()
+    print("DeltaChannel benchmark — multi-channel reads, mixed frequencies")
+    print("=" * 78)
+    run_benchmark()
     sys.exit(0)

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_exit_mode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+"""Tests for exit-mode delta channel persistence redesign.
+
+Validates that `durability="exit"` correctly persists delta-channel writes
+using count-based snapshot decisions (rather than force-snapshotting every
+channel), lazy stub creation when no parent exists, and proper read-path
+reconstruction via ancestor walks.
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated, Any
+
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage
+from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
+from langgraph.graph import START, StateGraph
+from langgraph.graph.message import _messages_delta_reducer
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
+
+
+def _build_graph(
+    checkpointer: InMemorySaver,
+    *,
+    freq: int = 1000,
+) -> Any:
+    channel = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=freq)
+    # Functional TypedDict form: class form can't reference `channel` (a
+    # local variable) inside Annotated due to forward-ref evaluation rules.
+    State = TypedDict("State", {"messages": Annotated[list, channel]})  # type: ignore[call-overload]  # noqa: UP013
+
+    def respond(state: dict) -> dict:
+        i = len(state["messages"])
+        return {"messages": [AIMessage(content=f"reply-{i}", id=f"ai{i}")]}
+
+    builder = StateGraph(State)
+    builder.add_node("respond", respond)
+    builder.add_edge(START, "respond")
+    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 8a. Write-path / structural tests
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def test_exit_first_run_no_delta_writes() -> None:
+    """Graph with delta channel invoked with input that doesn't touch it.
+    Only one checkpoint row, no stub."""
+    State = TypedDict(  # noqa: UP013
+        "State",
+        {
+            "messages": Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer)],
+            "value": str,
+        },
+    )  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+
+    def noop(state: dict) -> dict:
+        return {"value": "done"}
+
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    builder = StateGraph(State)
+    builder.add_node("noop", noop)
+    builder.add_edge(START, "noop")
+    graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "no-delta-writes"}}
+
+    graph.invoke({"value": "start"}, config, durability="exit")
+
+    checkpoints = list(saver.list(config))
+    assert len(checkpoints) == 1
+    stubs = [t for t in checkpoints if t.metadata.get("step") == -2]
+    assert len(stubs) == 0
+
+
+async def test_exit_first_run_all_snapshot() -> None:
+    """snapshot_frequency=1 forces every channel to snapshot.
+    No stub needed; final_checkpoint has _DeltaSnapshot."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver, freq=1)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "all-snapshot"}}
+
+    result = graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+    assert len(result["messages"]) == 2
+
+    checkpoints = list(saver.list(config))
+    stubs = [t for t in checkpoints if t.metadata.get("step") == -2]
+    assert len(stubs) == 0
+
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    assert isinstance(head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("messages"), _DeltaSnapshot)
+
+    state = graph.get_state(config)
+    assert [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]] == ["hi", "reply-1"]
+
+
+async def test_exit_first_run_sub_freq_with_writes() -> None:
+    """First run with default snapshot_frequency (1000), writes below threshold.
+    A stub is created; writes are anchored under it; get_state reconstructs."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "sub-freq-first"}}
+
+    result = graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hello", id="h1")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+    assert [m.content for m in result["messages"]] == ["hello", "reply-1"]
+
+    checkpoints = list(saver.list(config))
+    stubs = [t for t in checkpoints if t.metadata.get("step") == -2]
+    assert len(stubs) == 1, f"Expected 1 stub, got {len(stubs)}"
+
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    assert "messages" not in head.checkpoint["channel_values"]
+    assert "messages" in head.checkpoint["channel_versions"]
+
+    state = graph.get_state(config)
+    assert [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]] == ["hello", "reply-1"]
+
+
+async def test_exit_resumed_run_sub_freq() -> None:
+    """Two consecutive exit runs. Second run anchors on the first's
+    final_checkpoint (no new stub). Ordering preserved."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "resumed-sub-freq"}}
+
+    graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="msg1", id="h1")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+
+    graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="msg2", id="h2")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+
+    checkpoints = list(saver.list(config))
+    stubs = [t for t in checkpoints if t.metadata.get("step") == -2]
+    assert len(stubs) == 1
+
+    state = graph.get_state(config)
+    contents = [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]]
+    assert len(contents) == 4
+    assert contents[0] == "msg1"
+    assert contents[2] == "msg2"
+    assert contents[0:4:2] == ["msg1", "msg2"]
+
+
+async def test_exit_count_parity_sync_vs_exit() -> None:
+    """Sync and exit durability produce the same update count in
+    counters_since_delta_snapshot after an equivalent run."""
+    for durability in ("sync", "exit"):
+        saver = InMemorySaver()
+        graph = _build_graph(saver)
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": f"parity-{durability}"}}
+
+        graph.invoke(
+            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi", id="h1")]},
+            config,
+            durability=durability,
+        )
+
+        head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head is not None
+        counters = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+        updates, supersteps = counters.get("messages", (0, 0))
+        assert updates == 2, (
+            f"durability={durability}: expected updates=2, got {updates}"
+        )
+        assert supersteps >= 2, (
+            f"durability={durability}: expected supersteps>=2, got {supersteps}"
+        )
+
+
+async def test_exit_snapshot_fires_at_frequency() -> None:
+    """With snapshot_frequency=3, after 3 exit runs (each incrementing count
+    by 2: input + superstep), the 2nd run hits count=4>=3, triggering snapshot.
+    After that run, count resets to 0 and channel_values has _DeltaSnapshot."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver, freq=3)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "snapshot-at-freq"}}
+
+    graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="m1", id="h1")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    counters1 = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+    updates1 = counters1.get("messages", (0, 0))[0]
+    assert updates1 == 2
+
+    graph.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="m2", id="h2")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    counters2 = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+    updates2 = counters2.get("messages", (0, 0))[0]
+    assert updates2 == 0, f"Expected reset to 0 after snapshot, got {updates2}"
+    assert isinstance(head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("messages"), _DeltaSnapshot)
+
+
+async def test_exit_mixed_snapshot_and_non_snapshot() -> None:
+    """One delta channel at freq=1 (always snapshot) and one at freq=1000
+    (never snapshot within this test). Verify correct behavior for both."""
+
+    fast_ch = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=1)
+    slow_ch = DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer, snapshot_frequency=1000)
+    State = TypedDict(  # noqa: UP013
+        "State",
+        {"fast": Annotated[list, fast_ch], "slow": Annotated[list, slow_ch]},
+    )  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+
+    def respond(state: dict) -> dict:
+        return {
+            "fast": [AIMessage(content="fast-reply", id="f1")],
+            "slow": [AIMessage(content="slow-reply", id="s1")],
+        }
+
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    builder = StateGraph(State)
+    builder.add_node("respond", respond)
+    builder.add_edge(START, "respond")
+    graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "mixed-freq"}}
+
+    graph.invoke(
+        {
+            "fast": [HumanMessage(content="fast-in", id="fi")],
+            "slow": [HumanMessage(content="slow-in", id="si")],
+        },
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    assert isinstance(head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("fast"), _DeltaSnapshot)
+    assert "slow" not in head.checkpoint["channel_values"]
+
+    state = graph.get_state(config)
+    assert [m.content for m in state.values["fast"]] == ["fast-in", "fast-reply"]
+    assert [m.content for m in state.values["slow"]] == ["slow-in", "slow-reply"]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 8b. Read-path tests
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def test_exit_multi_run_replay_chain() -> None:
+    """K=4 consecutive exit runs, each adding a message. After each run,
+    get_state returns all messages in chronological order."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "replay-chain"}}
+
+    for i in range(4):
+        graph.invoke(
+            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=f"user-{i}", id=f"h{i}")]},
+            config,
+            durability="exit",
+        )
+
+        state = graph.get_state(config)
+        contents = [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]]
+        user_msgs = [c for c in contents if c.startswith("user-")]
+        assert user_msgs == [f"user-{j}" for j in range(i + 1)], (
+            f"After run {i}: user messages out of order: {user_msgs}"
+        )
+        assert len(contents) == (i + 1) * 2
+
+
+async def test_exit_metadata_round_trip() -> None:
+    """K=5 consecutive exit runs with snapshot_frequency=5. Verify metadata
+    counters_since_delta_snapshot increments correctly across runs."""
+    freq = 5
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver, freq=freq)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "metadata-rt"}}
+
+    for i in range(1, 6):
+        graph.invoke(
+            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=f"m{i}", id=f"h{i}")]},
+            config,
+            durability="exit",
+        )
+        head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head is not None
+        counters = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+        updates = counters.get("messages", (0, 0))[0]
+        cumulative = i * 2
+        if cumulative >= freq:
+            assert updates == 0 or updates == cumulative % freq or updates < freq, (
+                f"After run {i}: updates={updates} should have reset or be partial"
+            )
+        else:
+            assert updates == cumulative, (
+                f"After run {i}: expected {cumulative}, got {updates}"
+            )
+
+
+async def test_exit_mixed_durability_round_trip() -> None:
+    """Alternate sync and exit durability; verify counts stay monotonic
+    and state accumulates correctly."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = _build_graph(saver)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "mixed-durability"}}
+
+    for i, dur in enumerate(["sync", "exit", "sync", "exit"]):
+        graph.invoke(
+            {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=f"msg-{i}", id=f"h{i}")]},
+            config,
+            durability=dur,
+        )
+
+        state = graph.get_state(config)
+        contents = [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]]
+        user_msgs = [c for c in contents if c.startswith("msg-")]
+        assert user_msgs == [f"msg-{j}" for j in range(i + 1)], (
+            f"After run {i} (durability={dur}): {user_msgs}"
+        )
+        assert len(contents) == (i + 1) * 2
+
+
+async def test_exit_snapshot_then_tail_deltas() -> None:
+    """Run 1 forces snapshot (freq=1). Run 2 at freq=1000 adds more writes
+    that don't snapshot. Reading after run 2 must combine the snapshot seed
+    with the tail deltas."""
+    saver = InMemorySaver()
+
+    graph1 = _build_graph(saver, freq=1)
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "snapshot-then-tail"}}
+    graph1.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="seed-msg", id="h1")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+
+    head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+    assert head is not None
+    assert isinstance(head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("messages"), _DeltaSnapshot)
+
+    graph2 = _build_graph(saver, freq=1000)
+    graph2.invoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="tail-msg", id="h2")]},
+        config,
+        durability="exit",
+    )
+
+    state = graph2.get_state(config)
+    contents = [m.content for m in state.values["messages"]]
+    assert "seed-msg" in contents
+    assert "tail-msg" in contents
+    assert contents.index("seed-msg") < contents.index("tail-msg")

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_migration.py

@@ -6,11 +6,14 @@ checkpointer — pre-migration state visible at each *settled* ancestor
 checkpoint is preserved, and post-migration writes fold on top through
 the reducer.
 
-Mechanism under test: the saver's `_get_channel_writes_history(config,
-channel)` walks the parent chain; when it encounters an ancestor whose
-`channel_values[channel]` is a real value (not `DELTA_SENTINEL`), it
-returns that as the `seed`. `DeltaChannel.from_checkpoint(seed)` uses
-it as the base value, and `replay_writes(writes)` folds on-path deltas.
+Mechanism under test: the saver's public `get_delta_channel_history(config,
+channels)` walks the parent chain; when it encounters an ancestor whose
+`channel_values[channel]` is a real value, it populates that channel's
+`seed` in the returned `DeltaChannelHistory`. If the walk reaches the root
+without finding a stored value, the `seed` key is omitted (TypedDict
+absence indicates "start empty"). `DeltaChannel.from_checkpoint(seed)`
+uses it as the base value, and `replay_writes(writes)` folds on-path
+deltas.
 
 Scenarios covered:
 
@@ -29,8 +32,8 @@ Scenarios covered:
    pre-migration seed.
 4. **Base-saver fallback path**: a third-party-style subclass that
    removes the optimized `InMemorySaver` override and falls back to
-   `BaseCheckpointSaver._get_channel_writes_history` must produce the
-   same result as the optimized path.
+   `BaseCheckpointSaver.get_delta_channel_history` must produce the same
+   result as the optimized path.
 5. **Channel-type isolation across threads**: two threads on the same
    checkpointer under the delta-channel graph — one freshly-started,
    one migrated from pre-migration state — don't cross-contaminate.
@@ -266,8 +269,8 @@ def test_continuing_migrated_thread_folds_deltas_on_seed() -> None:
 
 class _ThirdPartyStyleSaver(InMemorySaver):
     """Simulates a third-party saver that inherits the reference
-    `_get_channel_writes_history` implementation from
-    `BaseCheckpointSaver` rather than overriding it.
+    `get_delta_channel_history` implementation from `BaseCheckpointSaver`
+    rather than overriding it.
 
     We rebind the two methods to the base-class versions (via MRO) so
     the fallback path is exercised even though the storage layer is
@@ -275,11 +278,11 @@ class _ThirdPartyStyleSaver(InMemorySaver):
     """
 
     # MRO: [_ThirdPartyStyleSaver, InMemorySaver, BaseCheckpointSaver, ...]
-    _get_channel_writes_history = (  # type: ignore[assignment]
-        InMemorySaver.__mro__[1]._get_channel_writes_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    get_delta_channel_history = (  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        InMemorySaver.__mro__[1].get_delta_channel_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     )
-    _aget_channel_writes_history = (  # type: ignore[assignment]
-        InMemorySaver.__mro__[1]._aget_channel_writes_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    aget_delta_channel_history = (  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        InMemorySaver.__mro__[1].aget_delta_channel_history  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
     )
 
 
@@ -326,7 +329,7 @@ def test_delta_and_migrated_threads_do_not_cross_contaminate() -> None:
     """Two threads sharing a checkpointer — one migrated from
     pre-migration state, one freshly-started under DeltaChannel — must
     maintain independent state. The parent-chain walk in
-    `_get_channel_writes_history` must be scoped to the target thread.
+    `get_delta_channel_history` must be scoped to the target thread.
     """
 
     checkpointer = InMemorySaver()
@@ -429,9 +432,10 @@ async def test_tip_of_pre_migration_hydrates_directly_async() -> None:
 
 def test_update_state_after_migration_uses_written_value() -> None:
     """After migrating and running at least one post-migration super-step
-    (so the thread's tip has a `DELTA_SENTINEL`), `update_state` writes a
-    concrete value to a new checkpoint's `channel_values`. `get_state`
-    must reflect that concrete value."""
+    (so the thread's tip has its delta channel absent from `channel_values`,
+    or stored as a `_DeltaSnapshot` on a snapshot step), `update_state`
+    writes a concrete value into a new checkpoint's `channel_values`.
+    `get_state` must reflect that concrete value."""
 
     checkpointer = InMemorySaver()
     config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "update-state"}}
@@ -441,7 +445,8 @@ def test_update_state_after_migration_uses_written_value() -> None:
     _drive(binop, config, "u", 2)
 
     # Migrate and run one more super-step so the tip is a post-migration
-    # checkpoint with `DELTA_SENTINEL` in its own `channel_values`.
+    # checkpoint where the delta channel is absent from `channel_values`
+    # (no snapshot fired this step).
     delta = _delta_graph(checkpointer)
     delta.invoke({"items": ["post"]}, config)
 

libs/langgraph/tests/test_delta_channel_supersteps_bound.py

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+"""Tests for the supersteps-since-last-snapshot bound on DeltaChannel.
+
+Validates that a delta channel which stops receiving writes is still
+force-snapshotted after DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT supersteps,
+preventing unbounded ancestor walks.
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated, Any
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
+from langgraph.checkpoint.serde.types import _DeltaSnapshot
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+from langgraph.channels.delta import DeltaChannel
+from langgraph.graph import END, START, StateGraph
+from langgraph.pregel._checkpoint import delta_channels_to_snapshot
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
+
+
+def _simple_reducer(current: list, updates: list) -> list:
+    """Flatten updates into current list (each update is itself a list)."""
+    result = list(current)
+    for u in updates:
+        if isinstance(u, list):
+            result.extend(u)
+        else:
+            result.append(u)
+    return result
+
+
+def _build_two_channel_graph(
+    checkpointer: InMemorySaver,
+    *,
+    freq_a: int = 10_000,
+    freq_b: int = 10_000,
+    n_loops: int = 1,
+) -> Any:
+    """Graph with two delta channels A and B.
+
+    The node only writes to channel A; B is never written by the node.
+    `n_loops` controls how many supersteps the graph runs (via chained nodes).
+    """
+    ch_a = DeltaChannel(_simple_reducer, list, snapshot_frequency=freq_a)
+    ch_b = DeltaChannel(_simple_reducer, list, snapshot_frequency=freq_b)
+    State = TypedDict(  # noqa: UP013
+        "State",
+        {"a": Annotated[list, ch_a], "b": Annotated[list, ch_b]},
+    )  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+
+    builder = StateGraph(State)
+
+    for i in range(n_loops):
+        name = f"step_{i}"
+
+        def node_fn(state: dict, _i: int = i) -> dict:
+            return {"a": [f"a-val-{_i}"]}
+
+        builder.add_node(name, node_fn)
+        if i == 0:
+            builder.add_edge(START, name)
+        else:
+            builder.add_edge(f"step_{i - 1}", name)
+        if i == n_loops - 1:
+            builder.add_edge(name, END)
+
+    return builder.compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+
+
+async def test_forced_snapshot_single_run() -> None:
+    """A single invoke with enough supersteps triggers snapshot on the
+    unwritten channel B via the supersteps bound."""
+    max_ss = 3
+    with patch(
+        "langgraph.pregel._checkpoint.DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT",
+        max_ss,
+    ):
+        saver = InMemorySaver()
+        graph = _build_two_channel_graph(saver, n_loops=4)
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "single-run-ss"}}
+
+        graph.invoke({"a": ["seed-a"], "b": ["seed-b"]}, config)
+
+        head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head is not None
+        assert isinstance(head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("b"), _DeltaSnapshot), (
+            "Channel B should have been force-snapshotted via supersteps bound"
+        )
+
+        state = graph.get_state(config)
+        assert state.values["b"] == ["seed-b"]
+        assert "seed-a" in state.values["a"]
+
+
+async def test_forced_snapshot_accumulates_across_runs() -> None:
+    """Supersteps counter for an unwritten channel persists across separate
+    invoke() calls. After enough runs, the channel is force-snapshotted."""
+    max_ss = 5
+    with patch(
+        "langgraph.pregel._checkpoint.DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT",
+        max_ss,
+    ):
+        saver = InMemorySaver()
+        graph = _build_two_channel_graph(saver, n_loops=1)
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "multi-run-ss"}}
+
+        graph.invoke({"a": ["init-a"], "b": ["init-b"]}, config)
+
+        for i in range(1, 6):
+            graph.invoke({"a": [f"run-{i}"]}, config)
+
+            head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+            assert head is not None
+            counters = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+            b_counters = counters.get("b", (0, 0))
+
+            if b_counters == (0, 0):
+                assert isinstance(
+                    head.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("b"), _DeltaSnapshot
+                ), f"Run {i}: counter reset but no snapshot blob for B"
+                break
+        else:
+            pytest.fail("Channel B was never force-snapshotted after multiple runs")
+
+        state = graph.get_state(config)
+        assert state.values["b"] == ["init-b"]
+        assert "init-a" in state.values["a"]
+
+
+async def test_predicate_fires_on_supersteps_overflow() -> None:
+    """Unit test: delta_channels_to_snapshot fires when supersteps >= MAX
+    even when updates == 0."""
+    ch = DeltaChannel(_simple_reducer, list, snapshot_frequency=10_000)
+    ch.key = "x"
+    ch_instance = ch.from_checkpoint(None)
+
+    channels = {"x": ch_instance}
+    counters: dict[str, tuple[int, int]] = {"x": (0, 5000)}
+
+    result = delta_channels_to_snapshot(channels, counters)
+    assert "x" in result
+
+    counters_below: dict[str, tuple[int, int]] = {"x": (0, 4999)}
+    result2 = delta_channels_to_snapshot(channels, counters_below)
+    assert "x" not in result2
+
+
+async def test_counter_reset_after_supersteps_snapshot() -> None:
+    """After the supersteps bound triggers a snapshot, the counters for
+    that channel reset. Verify by using a bound higher than one run's
+    supersteps so we can see the counter in an intermediate state."""
+    max_ss = 15
+    with patch(
+        "langgraph.pregel._checkpoint.DELTA_MAX_SUPERSTEPS_SINCE_SNAPSHOT",
+        max_ss,
+    ):
+        saver = InMemorySaver()
+        graph = _build_two_channel_graph(saver, n_loops=4)
+        config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "counter-reset"}}
+
+        graph.invoke({"a": ["seed-a"], "b": ["seed-b"]}, config)
+
+        head = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head is not None
+        counters = head.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+        b_counters = counters.get("b", (0, 0))
+        run1_supersteps = b_counters[1]
+        assert run1_supersteps > 0, "Should have some supersteps"
+        assert b_counters[0] == 1, "B written once (input step)"
+
+        graph.invoke({"a": ["more-a"]}, config)
+        head2 = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head2 is not None
+        counters2 = head2.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+        b_counters2 = counters2.get("b", (0, 0))
+        run2_supersteps = b_counters2[1]
+        assert run2_supersteps > run1_supersteps, "Supersteps should accumulate"
+        assert b_counters2[0] == 1, "B written once total (only original input)"
+
+        graph.invoke({"a": ["even-more"]}, config)
+        head3 = saver.get_tuple(config)
+        assert head3 is not None
+        assert isinstance(
+            head3.checkpoint["channel_values"].get("b"), _DeltaSnapshot
+        ), "B should have snapshotted at supersteps >= max_ss"
+        counters3 = head3.metadata.get("counters_since_delta_snapshot", {})
+        b_counters3 = counters3.get("b", (0, 0))
+        assert b_counters3[1] < max_ss, (
+            f"After snapshot, supersteps should have reset, got {b_counters3}"
+        )
+
+        state = graph.get_state(config)
+        assert state.values["b"] == ["seed-b"]

libs/langgraph/tests/test_interleave_arrival_order.py

@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+"""Tests for arrival-ordered interleave and push stamps."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import operator
+from typing import Annotated, Any
+
+import pytest
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+from langgraph.constants import END, START
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
+from langgraph.stream import StreamChannel, StreamTransformer
+from langgraph.stream._mux import StreamMux
+from langgraph.stream._types import ProtocolEvent
+from langgraph.stream.run_stream import GraphRunStream
+from langgraph.stream.transformers import ValuesTransformer
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class _TwoChannelTransformer(StreamTransformer):
+    """Transformer that exposes two named channels for testing interleave."""
+
+    _native = True
+
+    def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
+        super().__init__(scope)
+        self._alpha: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel("alpha")
+        self._beta: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel("beta")
+
+    def init(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {"alpha": self._alpha, "beta": self._beta}
+
+    def process(self, event: ProtocolEvent) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+
+class SimpleState(TypedDict):
+    value: str
+    items: Annotated[list[str], operator.add]
+
+
+def _build_simple_graph():
+    def node_a(state: SimpleState) -> dict:
+        return {"value": state["value"] + "A", "items": ["a"]}
+
+    def node_b(state: SimpleState) -> dict:
+        return {"value": state["value"] + "B", "items": ["b"]}
+
+    builder = StateGraph(SimpleState)
+    builder.add_node("node_a", node_a)
+    builder.add_node("node_b", node_b)
+    builder.add_edge(START, "node_a")
+    builder.add_edge("node_a", "node_b")
+    builder.add_edge("node_b", END)
+    return builder.compile()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Unit tests: push stamps on StreamChannel
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestPushStamps:
+    def test_stamps_are_monotonic_across_channels(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        beta = mux.extensions["beta"]
+
+        alpha._subscribed = True
+        beta._subscribed = True
+
+        alpha.push("a1")
+        beta.push("b1")
+        alpha.push("a2")
+        beta.push("b2")
+
+        all_stamped = list(alpha._items) + list(beta._items)
+        stamps = [s for s, _ in all_stamped]
+        assert len(set(stamps)) == 4
+        items_by_arrival = [item for _, item in sorted(all_stamped)]
+        assert items_by_arrival == ["a1", "b1", "a2", "b2"]
+
+    def test_regular_iter_strips_stamps(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        it = iter(alpha)
+        alpha.push("a1")
+        alpha.push("a2")
+        alpha.close()
+        items = list(it)
+        assert items == ["a1", "a2"]
+        assert all(isinstance(item, str) for item in items)
+
+    def test_events_channel_gets_real_stamps(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+
+        alpha._subscribed = True
+        alpha.push("a1")
+
+        mux._events._subscribed = True
+        mux._events.push({"method": "test", "data": "x"})
+
+        alpha.push("a2")
+
+        all_stamps = [s for s, _ in alpha._items] + [s for s, _ in mux._events._items]
+        assert len(set(all_stamps)) == len(all_stamps), "all stamps should be unique"
+        assert all(s > 0 for s in all_stamps), "no stamp should be zero"
+
+    def test_channel_without_mux_gets_zero_stamp(self) -> None:
+        ch: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel()
+        ch._bind(is_async=False)
+        ch._subscribed = True
+        ch.push("x")
+        assert list(ch._items) == [(0, "x")]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Unit tests: interleave arrival order
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestInterleaveArrivalOrder:
+    def test_arrival_order_not_round_robin(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        beta = mux.extensions["beta"]
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        # interleave() subscribes channels directly and reads _items
+        # for stamp-ordered iteration. We simulate the pump by wiring
+        # a custom callback that pushes items in a known order.
+        push_script = [
+            ("alpha", "a1"),
+            ("alpha", "a2"),
+            ("beta", "b1"),
+            ("alpha", "a3"),
+            ("beta", "b2"),
+        ]
+        push_iter = iter(push_script)
+        channels = {"alpha": alpha, "beta": beta}
+
+        def fake_pump() -> bool:
+            try:
+                name, item = next(push_iter)
+                channels[name].push(item)
+                return True
+            except StopIteration:
+                mux.close()
+                return False
+
+        mux.bind_pump(fake_pump)
+
+        result = list(run.interleave("alpha", "beta"))
+        names = [name for name, _ in result]
+        items = [item for _, item in result]
+
+        assert items == ["a1", "a2", "b1", "a3", "b2"]
+        assert names == ["alpha", "alpha", "beta", "alpha", "beta"]
+
+    def test_single_projection(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        push_script = [("alpha", "a1"), ("alpha", "a2")]
+        push_iter = iter(push_script)
+
+        def fake_pump() -> bool:
+            try:
+                _, item = next(push_iter)
+                alpha.push(item)
+                return True
+            except StopIteration:
+                mux.close()
+                return False
+
+        mux.bind_pump(fake_pump)
+
+        result = list(run.interleave("alpha"))
+        assert result == [("alpha", "a1"), ("alpha", "a2")]
+
+    def test_empty_projection(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        push_script = [("alpha", "a1"), ("alpha", "a2")]
+        push_iter = iter(push_script)
+        channels = {"alpha": alpha}
+
+        def fake_pump() -> bool:
+            try:
+                name, item = next(push_iter)
+                channels[name].push(item)
+                return True
+            except StopIteration:
+                mux.close()
+                return False
+
+        mux.bind_pump(fake_pump)
+
+        result = list(run.interleave("alpha", "beta"))
+        assert result == [("alpha", "a1"), ("alpha", "a2")]
+
+    def test_unknown_projection_raises(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+        mux.close()
+        with pytest.raises((KeyError, AttributeError)):
+            list(run.interleave("alpha", "does_not_exist"))
+
+    def test_all_empty(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        def fake_pump() -> bool:
+            mux.close()
+            return False
+
+        mux.bind_pump(fake_pump)
+
+        result = list(run.interleave("alpha", "beta"))
+        assert result == []
+
+    def test_error_propagation(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        beta = mux.extensions["beta"]
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        err = RuntimeError("boom")
+
+        push_script = [
+            ("alpha", "a1"),
+            ("beta", "b1"),
+        ]
+        push_iter = iter(push_script)
+        channels = {"alpha": alpha, "beta": beta}
+
+        def fake_pump() -> bool:
+            try:
+                name, item = next(push_iter)
+                channels[name].push(item)
+                return True
+            except StopIteration:
+                alpha.fail(err)
+                beta.close()
+                return False
+
+        mux.bind_pump(fake_pump)
+
+        collected = []
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="boom"):
+            for pair in run.interleave("alpha", "beta"):
+                collected.append(pair)
+
+        assert ("alpha", "a1") in collected
+        assert ("beta", "b1") in collected
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Integration test: interleave with stream_events(version="v3")
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestInterleaveIntegration:
+    def test_interleave_values_and_messages(self) -> None:
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
+        tagged = list(run.interleave("values", "messages"))
+        names = [name for name, _ in tagged]
+        assert set(names).issubset({"values", "messages"})
+        assert names.count("values") >= 1
+
+    def test_interleave_rejects_already_subscribed(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+
+        # Subscribe alpha via iter first
+        _ = iter(alpha)
+        mux.close()
+
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="already has a subscriber"):
+            list(run.interleave("alpha"))
+
+    def test_interleave_releases_projections_on_completion(self) -> None:
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
+        list(run.interleave("values", "messages"))
+        # Subscriptions should be released after the generator completes,
+        # so the channels can be re-iterated (they'll be empty / closed).
+        assert run.extensions["values"]._subscribed is False
+        assert run.extensions["messages"]._subscribed is False
+
+    def test_interleave_releases_projections_on_early_break(self) -> None:
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
+        gen = run.interleave("values", "messages")
+        next(gen)
+        gen.close()
+        assert run.extensions["values"]._subscribed is False
+        assert run.extensions["messages"]._subscribed is False
+
+    def test_interleave_releases_projections_on_validation_failure(self) -> None:
+        mux = StreamMux(
+            factories=[ValuesTransformer, _TwoChannelTransformer],
+            is_async=False,
+        )
+        alpha = mux.extensions["alpha"]
+        # Pre-subscribe alpha so that interleave will fail validation when
+        # it gets to the second name. The first (already-validated) channel
+        # should still be released.
+        run = GraphRunStream(None, mux, wire_pump=False)
+        mux.close()
+        alpha._subscribed = True
+
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="already has a subscriber"):
+            list(run.interleave("values", "alpha"))
+
+        assert mux.extensions["values"]._subscribed is False

libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel.py

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ from langchain_core.runnables import (
 from langchain_core.runnables.graph import Edge
 from langgraph.cache.base import BaseCache
 from langgraph.checkpoint.base import (
-    DELTA_SENTINEL,
     BaseCheckpointSaver,
     Checkpoint,
     CheckpointMetadata,
@@ -9618,7 +9617,9 @@ async def test_delta_channel_durability_exit_stores_snapshot() -> None:
 
 async def test_delta_channel_async_write_ordering() -> None:
     """In async mode, DeltaChannel write futures are awaited before the checkpoint
-    is committed, so aput_writes always precedes aput for sentinel checkpoints."""
+    is committed, so aput_writes always precedes aput for delta-channel
+    checkpoints (those where the delta channel had a versioned write but
+    is absent from `channel_values`, i.e. no snapshot fired this step)."""
 
     class State(TypedDict):
         messages: Annotated[list, DeltaChannel(_messages_delta_reducer)]
@@ -9637,10 +9638,17 @@ async def test_delta_channel_async_write_ordering() -> None:
         return result
 
     async def tracked_aput(self, config, checkpoint, metadata, new_versions):
-        has_sentinel = any(
-            v is DELTA_SENTINEL for v in checkpoint.get("channel_values", {}).values()
+        # A "delta" checkpoint here = `messages` versioned but absent from
+        # `channel_values` (no snapshot fired). When a snapshot does fire,
+        # `channel_values["messages"]` is a `_DeltaSnapshot` — also a delta
+        # checkpoint shape, since the writes still have to be persisted
+        # before the parent checkpoint commits.
+        channel_values = checkpoint.get("channel_values", {})
+        is_delta_step = (
+            "messages" in checkpoint.get("channel_versions", {})
+            and "messages" not in channel_values
         )
-        order.append("aput_sentinel" if has_sentinel else "aput_other")
+        order.append("aput_delta" if is_delta_step else "aput_other")
         return await original_aput(self, config, checkpoint, metadata, new_versions)
 
     InMemorySaver.aput_writes = tracked_aput_writes
@@ -9657,18 +9665,18 @@ async def test_delta_channel_async_write_ordering() -> None:
                 {"messages": [HumanMessage(content=f"h{i}", id=f"h{i}")]}, config
             )
 
-        # Every aput_sentinel must be preceded by at least one aput_writes
+        # Every aput_delta must be preceded by at least one aput_writes
         for i, event in enumerate(order):
-            if event == "aput_sentinel":
+            if event == "aput_delta":
                 preceding = order[:i]
                 assert "aput_writes" in preceding, (
-                    f"aput_sentinel at {i} had no preceding aput_writes: {order}"
+                    f"aput_delta at {i} had no preceding aput_writes: {order}"
                 )
                 last_write_idx = max(
                     j for j, e in enumerate(order[:i]) if e == "aput_writes"
                 )
                 assert last_write_idx < i, (
-                    f"aput_writes at {last_write_idx} should precede aput_sentinel at {i}: {order}"
+                    f"aput_writes at {last_write_idx} should precede aput_delta at {i}: {order}"
                 )
     finally:
         InMemorySaver.aput_writes = original_aput_writes

libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel_async.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from typing import (
     Literal,
     Optional,
 )
+from unittest.mock import patch
 from uuid import UUID
 
 import pytest
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ from langgraph.channels.topic import Topic
 from langgraph.errors import (
     GraphRecursionError,
     InvalidUpdateError,
+    NodeError,
     ParentCommand,
 )
 from langgraph.func import entrypoint, task
@@ -9763,3 +9765,126 @@ async def test_fork_does_not_apply_pending_writes(
 
     # 1 (input) + 20 (forked node_a) + 100 (node_b) = 121
     assert result == {"value": 121}
+
+
+async def test_graph_error_handler_async_runtime_info() -> None:
+    class State(TypedDict):
+        foo: str
+
+    attempts = 0
+    captured: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+    async def always_failing_node(state: State) -> State:
+        nonlocal attempts
+        attempts += 1
+        raise ValueError("Always fails async")
+
+    async def err_handler_node(state: State, error: NodeError) -> State:
+        captured["from_node_name"] = error.node
+        captured["from_node_error"] = error.error
+        return {"foo": "handled_async"}
+
+    graph = (
+        StateGraph(State)
+        .add_node(
+            "always_failing",
+            always_failing_node,
+            retry_policy=RetryPolicy(
+                max_attempts=2,
+                initial_interval=0.01,
+                jitter=False,
+                retry_on=ValueError,
+            ),
+            error_handler=err_handler_node,
+        )
+        .add_edge(START, "always_failing")
+        .compile()
+    )
+
+    with patch("asyncio.sleep"):
+        result = await graph.ainvoke({"foo": ""})
+
+    assert attempts == 2
+    assert result["foo"] == "handled_async"
+    assert captured["from_node_name"] == "always_failing"
+    assert isinstance(captured["from_node_error"], BaseException)
+
+
+@NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
+async def test_graph_error_handler_does_not_swallow_interrupt_concurrent() -> None:
+    """When a graph error handler is configured and a node calls interrupt()
+    concurrently with other nodes, the interrupt must still be raised — not
+    silently swallowed."""
+
+    class State(TypedDict):
+        foo: str
+
+    async def node_a(state: State) -> State:
+        val = interrupt("need human input")
+        return {"foo": f"a_{val}"}
+
+    async def node_b(state: State) -> State:
+        return {}
+
+    async def err_handler(state: State) -> State:
+        return {"foo": "handled"}
+
+    checkpointer = InMemorySaver()
+    graph = (
+        StateGraph(State)
+        .add_node("node_a", node_a, error_handler=err_handler)
+        .add_node("node_b", node_b)
+        .add_edge(START, "node_a")
+        .add_edge(START, "node_b")
+        .compile(checkpointer=checkpointer)
+    )
+
+    config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "test-interrupt-concurrent-async"}}
+
+    await graph.ainvoke({"foo": ""}, config)
+
+    state = await graph.aget_state(config)
+    assert len(state.tasks) > 0
+
+    interrupts = [t for t in state.tasks if hasattr(t, "interrupts") and t.interrupts]
+    assert len(interrupts) > 0, (
+        "GraphInterrupt was swallowed — interrupt() in node_a "
+        "should have paused execution"
+    )
+
+
+async def test_node_error_handler_handles_subgraph_internal_failure_async() -> None:
+    class SubState(TypedDict):
+        foo: str
+
+    class ParentState(TypedDict):
+        foo: str
+
+    captured: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+    async def sub_fail_node(state: SubState) -> SubState:
+        raise ValueError("async subgraph boom")
+
+    async def parent_handler(state: ParentState, error: NodeError) -> ParentState:
+        captured["from_node_name"] = error.node
+        captured["from_node_error"] = error.error
+        return {"foo": "handled_async_subgraph"}
+
+    subgraph = (
+        StateGraph(SubState)
+        .add_node("sub_fail_node", sub_fail_node)
+        .add_edge(START, "sub_fail_node")
+        .compile()
+    )
+
+    parent_graph = (
+        StateGraph(ParentState)
+        .add_node("subgraph_node", subgraph, error_handler=parent_handler)
+        .add_edge(START, "subgraph_node")
+        .compile()
+    )
+
+    result = await parent_graph.ainvoke({"foo": ""})
+    assert result["foo"] == "handled_async_subgraph"
+    assert captured["from_node_name"] == "subgraph_node"
+    assert isinstance(captured["from_node_error"], BaseException)

libs/langgraph/tests/test_pregel_stream_events_v3.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""Tests for Pregel.stream_v2 / astream_v2 and the transformer pipeline."""
+"""Tests for Pregel.stream_events(version="v3") / astream_events(version="v3") and the transformer pipeline."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ def _build_custom_stream_graph():
 class _CustomPassthroughTransformer(StreamTransformer):
     """Opts a run into the `custom` stream mode without building a projection.
 
-    `stream_v2` requests only the modes that registered transformers
+    `stream_events(version="v3")` requests only the modes that registered transformers
     declare via `required_stream_modes`. Custom events are raw user
     emissions from `StreamWriter`, so tests that want them visible on
     the main event log register this pass-through transformer.
@@ -390,25 +390,31 @@ class TestStreamChannelNamed:
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# stream_v2 sync tests
+# stream_events(version="v3") sync tests
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class TestStreamV2Sync:
     def test_values_projection(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         snapshots = list(run.values)
         assert len(snapshots) >= 1
         last = snapshots[-1]
         assert "A" in last["value"] and "B" in last["value"]
 
     def test_output(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         output = run.output
         assert output == {"value": "xAB", "items": ["a", "b"]}
 
     def test_raw_event_iteration(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         events = list(run)
         assert len(events) > 0
         for event in events:
@@ -418,22 +424,27 @@ class TestStreamV2Sync:
             assert isinstance(event["params"]["timestamp"], int)
 
     def test_extensions_has_native_keys(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         _ = run.output
         assert "values" in run.extensions and "messages" in run.extensions
         assert run.values is run.extensions["values"]
         assert run.messages is run.extensions["messages"]
 
     def test_extensions_is_read_only(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             run.extensions["new_key"] = object()  # type: ignore[index]
         with pytest.raises(TypeError):
             del run.extensions["values"]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
 
     def test_custom_stream_events(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_custom_stream_graph().stream_v2(
+        run = _build_custom_stream_graph().stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CustomPassthroughTransformer],
         )
         custom_events = [e for e in run if e["method"] == "custom"]
@@ -444,27 +455,34 @@ class TestStreamV2Sync:
     def test_custom_events_suppressed_without_transformer(self) -> None:
         """Without a transformer declaring `"custom"`, no custom events flow.
 
-        `stream_v2` asks the graph only for the modes that registered
+        `stream_events(version="v3")` asks the graph only for the modes that registered
         transformers require. Built-ins cover `values` / `messages`;
         consumers that want raw custom events surface them by
         registering a transformer whose `required_stream_modes`
         includes `"custom"`.
         """
-        run = _build_custom_stream_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_custom_stream_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         custom_events = [e for e in run if e["method"] == "custom"]
         assert custom_events == []
 
     def test_interleave_values_and_messages(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         tagged = list(run.interleave("values", "messages"))
         names = [name for name, _ in tagged]
         assert set(names).issubset({"values", "messages"})
         assert names.count("values") >= 1
-        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="already has a subscriber"):
-            list(run.values)
+        # interleave releases its subscription on completion.
+        assert run.extensions["values"]._subscribed is False
+        assert run.extensions["messages"]._subscribed is False
 
     def test_abort_marks_exhausted_and_closes_mux(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         values_iter = iter(run.values)
         _ = next(values_iter)
         run.abort()
@@ -473,48 +491,63 @@ class TestStreamV2Sync:
         run.abort()  # idempotent
 
     def test_context_manager_calls_abort_on_exit(self) -> None:
-        with _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}) as run:
+        with _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        ) as run:
             _ = next(iter(run.values))
         assert run._exhausted is True
 
     def test_interleave_unknown_projection(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(KeyError):
             list(run.interleave("values", "does_not_exist"))
 
 
 class TestStreamV2SyncErrors:
     def test_error_propagation_output(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_error_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_error_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             _ = run.output
 
     def test_error_propagation_values(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_error_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_error_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             list(run.values)
 
     def test_error_propagation_raw_events(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_error_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_error_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             list(run)
 
     def test_error_propagation_interrupted(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_error_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_error_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             _ = run.interrupted
 
     def test_error_propagation_interrupts(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_error_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_error_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             _ = run.interrupts
 
 
 class TestStreamV2SyncInterrupt:
     def test_interrupted(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_interrupt_graph().stream_v2(
+        run = _build_interrupt_graph().stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
             {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t1"}},
+            version="v3",
         )
         _ = run.output
         assert run.interrupted is True
@@ -522,7 +555,7 @@ class TestStreamV2SyncInterrupt:
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# astream_v2 async tests
+# astream_events(version="v3") async tests
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -530,26 +563,34 @@ class TestStreamV2SyncInterrupt:
 @NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
 class TestStreamV2Async:
     async def test_values_projection(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         snapshots = [s async for s in run.values]
         assert len(snapshots) >= 1
         last = snapshots[-1]
         assert "A" in last["value"] and "B" in last["value"]
 
     async def test_output(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         output = await run.output()
         assert output == {"value": "xAB", "items": ["a", "b"]}
 
     async def test_raw_event_iteration(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         events = [e async for e in run]
         assert len(events) > 0
         for event in events:
             assert event["type"] == "event"
 
     async def test_abort_marks_exhausted_and_closes_mux(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         values_iter = aiter(run.values)
         _ = await anext(values_iter)
         await run.abort()
@@ -559,21 +600,26 @@ class TestStreamV2Async:
         await run.abort()  # idempotent
 
     async def test_context_manager_calls_abort_on_exit(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         async with run:
             _ = await anext(aiter(run.values))
         assert run._exhausted is True
 
     async def test_extensions_has_native_keys(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         _ = await run.output()
         assert "values" in run.extensions and "messages" in run.extensions
         assert run.values is run.extensions["values"]
         assert run.messages is run.extensions["messages"]
 
     async def test_custom_stream_events(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_custom_stream_graph().astream_v2(
+        run = await _build_custom_stream_graph().astream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CustomPassthroughTransformer],
         )
         events = [e async for e in run]
@@ -587,29 +633,39 @@ class TestStreamV2Async:
 @NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
 class TestStreamV2AsyncErrors:
     async def test_error_propagation_output(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             await run.output()
 
     async def test_error_propagation_values(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             async for _ in run.values:
                 pass
 
     async def test_error_propagation_raw_events(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             async for _ in run:
                 pass
 
     async def test_error_propagation_interrupted(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             await run.interrupted()
 
     async def test_error_propagation_interrupts(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_error_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="boom"):
             await run.interrupts()
 
@@ -618,9 +674,10 @@ class TestStreamV2AsyncErrors:
 @NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
 class TestStreamV2AsyncInterrupt:
     async def test_interrupted(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_interrupt_graph().astream_v2(
+        run = await _build_interrupt_graph().astream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
             {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t2"}},
+            version="v3",
         )
         _ = await run.output()
         assert await run.interrupted() is True
@@ -984,8 +1041,8 @@ class TestCustomTransformer:
                     self._channel.push(self._count)
                 return True
 
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-            {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[CounterTransformer]
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[CounterTransformer]
         )
         assert "counter" in run.extensions
         counter_iter = iter(run.extensions["counter"])
@@ -1010,15 +1067,15 @@ class TestCustomTransformer:
                     self._log.push("saw_values")
                 return True
 
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-            {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[FooTransformer]
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[FooTransformer]
         )
         foo_iter = iter(run.foo)
         _ = run.output
         assert "foo" in run.extensions and run.foo is run.extensions["foo"]
         assert "saw_values" in list(foo_iter)
 
-    def test_stream_v2_rejects_transformer_instances(self) -> None:
+    def test_stream_events_v3_rejects_transformer_instances(self) -> None:
         class InstanceTransformer(StreamTransformer):
             def init(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
                 return {}
@@ -1027,8 +1084,10 @@ class TestCustomTransformer:
                 return True
 
         with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="pre-built instance"):
-            _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-                {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[InstanceTransformer()]
+            _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+                {"value": "x", "items": []},
+                version="v3",
+                transformers=[InstanceTransformer()],
             )
 
     def test_stream_channel_auto_forward(self) -> None:
@@ -1047,8 +1106,8 @@ class TestCustomTransformer:
                     self._channel.push("emitted")
                 return True
 
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-            {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[EmitterTransformer]
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[EmitterTransformer]
         )
         custom_events = [e for e in run if e["method"] == "custom:emitter"]
         assert len(custom_events) > 0
@@ -1092,8 +1151,10 @@ class TestCustomTransformer:
                 return True
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"conflict.*'values'.*ValuesTransformer"):
-            _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-                {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[ConflictTransformer]
+            _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+                {"value": "x", "items": []},
+                version="v3",
+                transformers=[ConflictTransformer],
             )
 
 
@@ -1175,8 +1236,8 @@ class TestStreamChannelAutoLifecycle:
                     self._log.push("got_it")
                 return True
 
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2(
-            {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[MinimalTransformer]
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[MinimalTransformer]
         )
         minimal_iter = iter(run.extensions["minimal"])
         _ = run.output
@@ -1436,8 +1497,8 @@ class TestAsyncTransformerLane:
             async def afinalize(self) -> None:
                 self._log.close()
 
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2(
-            {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[Scorer]
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[Scorer]
         )
         scores_cursor = aiter(run.extensions["scores"])
         _ = await run.output()
@@ -1453,7 +1514,9 @@ class TestAsyncTransformerLane:
 @NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
 class TestMemoryBounds:
     def test_sync_subscribed_buffer_stays_at_most_one_between_yields(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         events_iter = iter(run)
         max_buffered = 0
         count = 0
@@ -1466,7 +1529,9 @@ class TestMemoryBounds:
         )
 
     def test_unsubscribed_projections_never_accumulate(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         list(run)
         values_log = run.extensions["values"]
         messages_log = run.extensions["messages"]
@@ -1474,19 +1539,25 @@ class TestMemoryBounds:
         assert len(messages_log._items) == 0 and not messages_log._subscribed
 
     def test_output_path_does_not_retain_values(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         _ = run.output
         values_log = run.extensions["values"]
         assert len(values_log._items) == 0 and not values_log._subscribed
 
     def test_drained_subscriber_buffer_returns_to_empty(self) -> None:
-        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = _build_simple_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         list(run.values)
         assert len(run.extensions["values"]._items) == 0
 
     @pytest.mark.anyio
     async def test_async_single_consumer_buffer_stays_at_most_one(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         max_buffered = 0
         count = 0
         async for _ in run:
@@ -1497,7 +1568,9 @@ class TestMemoryBounds:
 
     @pytest.mark.anyio
     async def test_async_unsubscribed_projections_never_accumulate(self) -> None:
-        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await _build_simple_graph().astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         _ = await run.output()
         values_log = run.extensions["values"]
         messages_log = run.extensions["messages"]

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_before_builtins.py

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+"""Tests for `StreamTransformer.before_builtins` lane ordering.
+
+`before_builtins = True` transformers are registered ahead of the
+rest, preserving relative order within each lane. This lets
+content-mutating transformers run before built-ins like
+`MessagesTransformer` that eagerly snapshot text fields into their
+projections.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import time
+from typing import Any, ClassVar
+
+from langgraph.stream._mux import StreamMux
+from langgraph.stream._types import StreamTransformer
+from langgraph.stream.stream_channel import StreamChannel
+from langgraph.stream.transformers import (
+    LifecycleTransformer,
+    MessagesTransformer,
+    TasksTransformer,
+)
+
+TS = int(time.time() * 1000)
+
+
+def _messages_event(namespace: list[str], data: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "type": "event",
+        "method": "messages",
+        "params": {"namespace": namespace, "timestamp": TS, "data": data},
+    }
+
+
+class _Tap(StreamTransformer):
+    """Records the order it observed each event."""
+
+    required_stream_modes: ClassVar[tuple[str, ...]] = ()
+
+    def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = (), *, label: str = "tap") -> None:
+        super().__init__(scope)
+        self.label = label
+        self.log: list[str] = []
+        self._channel: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel()
+
+    def init(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {f"tap_{self.label}": self._channel}
+
+    def process(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        self.log.append(self.label)
+        return True
+
+
+class _PreTap(_Tap):
+    before_builtins: ClassVar[bool] = True
+
+
+class _TextRedactor(StreamTransformer):
+    """Mutates `text-delta` events in place to a fixed redacted string."""
+
+    before_builtins: ClassVar[bool] = True
+    required_stream_modes: ClassVar[tuple[str, ...]] = ("messages",)
+
+    def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
+        super().__init__(scope)
+        self._channel: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel()
+
+    def init(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {"redactor": self._channel}
+
+    def process(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        if event.get("method") != "messages":
+            return True
+        payload, _meta = event["params"]["data"]
+        if isinstance(payload, dict) and payload.get("event") == "content-block-delta":
+            delta = payload.get("delta") or {}
+            if delta.get("type") == "text-delta":
+                delta["text"] = "[REDACTED]"
+        return True
+
+
+def test_before_builtins_factories_run_before_others() -> None:
+    """A `before_builtins=True` factory is registered ahead of the rest."""
+
+    seen: list[type[StreamTransformer]] = []
+
+    class _PostTap(_Tap):
+        def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
+            super().__init__(scope, label="post")
+
+        def process(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+            seen.append(_PostTap)
+            return True
+
+    class _EagerTap(_Tap):
+        before_builtins: ClassVar[bool] = True
+
+        def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
+            super().__init__(scope, label="eager")
+
+        def process(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+            seen.append(_EagerTap)
+            return True
+
+    mux = StreamMux(
+        factories=[_PostTap, _EagerTap],
+        scope=(),
+        is_async=False,
+    )
+    # `_EagerTap` was supplied second but should be registered first.
+    types_in_order = [type(t) for t in mux._transformers]
+    assert types_in_order.index(_EagerTap) < types_in_order.index(_PostTap)
+
+    mux.push(
+        _messages_event([], ({"event": "message-start", "role": "ai", "id": "m1"}, {}))
+    )
+    # And it ran first when the event was dispatched.
+    assert seen == [_EagerTap, _PostTap]
+
+
+def test_within_lane_order_preserved() -> None:
+    """Within each lane, the supplied order is the registration order."""
+
+    class _A(_PreTap):
+        pass
+
+    class _B(_PreTap):
+        pass
+
+    class _C(_Tap):
+        pass
+
+    class _D(_Tap):
+        pass
+
+    mux = StreamMux(
+        factories=[
+            lambda scope: _C(scope, label="c"),
+            lambda scope: _A(scope, label="a"),
+            lambda scope: _D(scope, label="d"),
+            lambda scope: _B(scope, label="b"),
+        ],
+        scope=(),
+        is_async=False,
+    )
+    order = [t.label for t in mux._transformers]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    # Pre lane (a, b) ahead of default lane (c, d). Within each, supplied order kept.
+    assert order == ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
+
+
+def test_redactor_runs_before_messages_transformer() -> None:
+    """Content mutated by a pre-lane transformer reaches `MessagesTransformer`."""
+
+    # Order supplied: built-ins first (as in pregel/main.py), then the
+    # opt-in pre-lane redactor. Partitioning should still register the
+    # redactor first.
+    mux = StreamMux(
+        factories=[MessagesTransformer, _TextRedactor],
+        scope=(),
+        is_async=False,
+    )
+    types_in_order = [type(t) for t in mux._transformers]
+    assert types_in_order.index(_TextRedactor) < types_in_order.index(
+        MessagesTransformer
+    )
+
+
+def test_lifecycle_unaffected_by_pre_lane_observer() -> None:
+    """An observer-only pre-lane transformer doesn't break lifecycle bookkeeping."""
+
+    class _NoopPreObserver(StreamTransformer):
+        before_builtins: ClassVar[bool] = True
+        required_stream_modes: ClassVar[tuple[str, ...]] = ("tasks",)
+
+        def __init__(self, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> None:
+            super().__init__(scope)
+            self._channel: StreamChannel[str] = StreamChannel()
+            self.seen: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
+
+        def init(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+            return {"noop_observer": self._channel}
+
+        def process(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+            if event.get("method") == "tasks":
+                self.seen.append(tuple(event["params"]["namespace"]))
+            return True
+
+    mux = StreamMux(
+        factories=[LifecycleTransformer, TasksTransformer, _NoopPreObserver],
+        scope=(),
+        is_async=False,
+    )
+    types_in_order = [type(t) for t in mux._transformers]
+    assert types_in_order.index(_NoopPreObserver) < types_in_order.index(
+        LifecycleTransformer
+    )
+
+    observer = next(t for t in mux._transformers if isinstance(t, _NoopPreObserver))
+    lifecycle = next(
+        t for t in mux._transformers if isinstance(t, LifecycleTransformer)
+    )
+
+    # Push a synthetic `tasks` event that lifecycle would normally track.
+    mux.push(
+        {
+            "type": "event",
+            "method": "tasks",
+            "params": {
+                "namespace": ["child:abc"],
+                "timestamp": TS,
+                "data": {"name": "child"},
+            },
+        }
+    )
+
+    # Pre-lane observer saw the event, AND lifecycle's bookkeeping still
+    # registered the new namespace (the observer didn't mutate anything).
+    assert observer.seen == [("child:abc",)]
+    assert ("child:abc",) in lifecycle._seen  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+
+def test_default_is_false() -> None:
+    """`StreamTransformer.before_builtins` defaults to False."""
+
+    assert StreamTransformer.before_builtins is False
+    assert MessagesTransformer.before_builtins is False
+    assert LifecycleTransformer.before_builtins is False
+
+
+def test_pre_lane_mutation_lands_in_messages_projection() -> None:
+    """End-to-end: text mutated by a pre-lane transformer is what
+    `MessagesTransformer` snapshots into its `ChatModelStream` projection.
+
+    Without `before_builtins`, the redactor would run after
+    MessagesTransformer's eager extraction and the projection would
+    contain the raw, un-redacted text.
+    """
+
+    mux = StreamMux(
+        factories=[MessagesTransformer, _TextRedactor],
+        scope=(),
+        is_async=False,
+    )
+    messages_transformer = next(
+        t for t in mux._transformers if isinstance(t, MessagesTransformer)
+    )
+    # Unblock both the mux's main log and the messages projection log so
+    # synthetic pushes are accepted without a real consumer attached.
+    mux._events._subscribed = True
+    messages_transformer._log._subscribed = True
+
+    meta = {"langgraph_node": "model", "run_id": "run-1"}
+
+    # message-start → MessagesTransformer creates a ChatModelStream.
+    mux.push(
+        _messages_event(
+            [],
+            ({"event": "message-start", "role": "ai", "id": "msg-1"}, meta),
+        )
+    )
+
+    # content-block-delta carrying the secret. The redactor (pre-lane)
+    # mutates `delta.text` BEFORE MessagesTransformer snapshots it.
+    mux.push(
+        _messages_event(
+            [],
+            (
+                {
+                    "event": "content-block-delta",
+                    "index": 0,
+                    "delta": {"type": "text-delta", "text": "secret@example.com"},
+                },
+                meta,
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+
+    # Capture the still-open stream before message-finish removes it from
+    # MessagesTransformer's `_by_run` dict.
+    chat_stream = messages_transformer._by_run["run-1"]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    # message-finish → closes the stream.
+    mux.push(
+        _messages_event(
+            [],
+            ({"event": "message-finish"}, meta),
+        )
+    )
+
+    # The redactor mutated `delta.text` to "[REDACTED]" before
+    # MessagesTransformer snapshotted the string into the text
+    # accumulator. Without `before_builtins`, the accumulator would hold
+    # the raw "secret@example.com".
+    assert chat_stream._text_acc == "[REDACTED]", (  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        f"expected redacted text in projection, got {chat_stream._text_acc!r}"
+    )

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_data_transformers.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ These transformers capture raw protocol events for their respective stream
 modes and expose them as native projections on the run stream (run.custom,
 run.updates, run.checkpoints, run.debug, run.tasks). Tests dispatch synthetic
 protocol events through a StreamMux to isolate transformer logic; the final
-group exercises real graphs through stream_v2.
+group exercises real graphs through stream_events(version="v3").
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -77,8 +77,13 @@ def _arm(mux: StreamMux, transformer: Any) -> None:
     transformer._log._subscribed = True
 
 
+def _unstamped(items):
+    """Strip push stamps from a StreamChannel's internal buffer."""
+    return [item for _stamp, item in items]
+
+
 def _drain(transformer: Any) -> list[Any]:
-    return list(transformer._log._items)
+    return _unstamped(transformer._log._items)
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -140,7 +145,7 @@ def test_custom_does_not_suppress_from_main_log() -> None:
 
     mux.push(_custom_event([], "data"))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "custom" in methods
 
 
@@ -219,7 +224,7 @@ def test_checkpoints_does_not_suppress_from_main_log() -> None:
 
     mux.push(_checkpoints_event([], {"values": {}}))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "checkpoints" in methods
 
 
@@ -284,7 +289,7 @@ def test_debug_does_not_suppress_from_main_log() -> None:
 
     mux.push(_debug_event([], {"step": 0}))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "debug" in methods
 
 
@@ -360,7 +365,7 @@ def test_tasks_does_not_suppress_from_main_log() -> None:
 
     mux.push(_tasks_event([], {"id": "t1"}))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "tasks" in methods
 
 
@@ -429,7 +434,7 @@ def test_updates_does_not_suppress_from_main_log() -> None:
 
     mux.push(_updates_event([], {"n": {}}))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "updates" in methods
 
 
@@ -469,11 +474,11 @@ def test_unrelated_events_ignored_by_all() -> None:
     )
 
     for t in transformers:
-        assert list(t._log._items) == []
+        assert _unstamped(t._log._items) == []
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# End-to-end: real graphs through stream_v2
+# End-to-end: real graphs through stream_events(version="v3")
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -498,11 +503,11 @@ def _make_simple_graph() -> Any:
     return builder.compile()
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_custom_projection_opt_in() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_custom_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     """run.custom surfaces get_stream_writer() payloads when opted in."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
-        {"value": "hello", "items": []}, transformers=[CustomTransformer]
+    run = graph.stream_events(
+        {"value": "hello", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[CustomTransformer]
     )
 
     custom_events = list(run.custom)
@@ -510,11 +515,11 @@ def test_stream_v2_custom_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     assert any(e.get("status") == "working" for e in custom_events)
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_custom_and_values_coexist() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_custom_and_values_coexist() -> None:
     """Both run.custom and run.values work in the same run."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
-        {"value": "hello", "items": []}, transformers=[CustomTransformer]
+    run = graph.stream_events(
+        {"value": "hello", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[CustomTransformer]
     )
 
     custom_events = list(run.custom)
@@ -523,10 +528,12 @@ def test_stream_v2_custom_and_values_coexist() -> None:
     assert len(custom_events) >= 1
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_tasks_projection_opt_in() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_tasks_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     """run.tasks surfaces raw task events when opted in via transformers=."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[TasksTransformer])
+    run = graph.stream_events(
+        {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[TasksTransformer], version="v3"
+    )
 
     tasks_events = list(run.tasks)
     assert len(tasks_events) >= 1
@@ -534,10 +541,12 @@ def test_stream_v2_tasks_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     assert "my_node" in names
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_debug_projection_opt_in() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_debug_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     """run.debug surfaces debug events when opted in via transformers=."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[DebugTransformer])
+    run = graph.stream_events(
+        {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[DebugTransformer], version="v3"
+    )
 
     debug_events = list(run.debug)
     assert len(debug_events) >= 1
@@ -545,11 +554,11 @@ def test_stream_v2_debug_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     assert types & {"checkpoint", "task", "task_result"}
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_updates_projection_opt_in() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_updates_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     """run.updates surfaces node output dicts when opted in via transformers=."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
-        {"value": "x", "items": []}, transformers=[UpdatesTransformer]
+    run = graph.stream_events(
+        {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3", transformers=[UpdatesTransformer]
     )
 
     updates = list(run.updates)
@@ -558,11 +567,12 @@ def test_stream_v2_updates_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     assert "my_node" in node_names
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_all_transformers_interleaved() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_all_transformers_interleaved() -> None:
     """All five transformers registered together, consumed via interleave."""
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
+    run = graph.stream_events(
         {"value": "x", "items": []},
+        version="v3",
         transformers=[
             CustomTransformer,
             UpdatesTransformer,
@@ -594,7 +604,7 @@ def test_stream_v2_all_transformers_interleaved() -> None:
     assert run.output["value"] == "x!"
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_all_transformers_with_checkpointer() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_all_transformers_with_checkpointer() -> None:
     """All transformers with a checkpointer — run.checkpoints populated."""
     from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
 
@@ -604,8 +614,9 @@ def test_stream_v2_all_transformers_with_checkpointer() -> None:
     builder.add_edge("my_node", END)
     graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=InMemorySaver())
 
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
+    run = graph.stream_events(
         {"value": "x", "items": []},
+        version="v3",
         config={"configurable": {"thread_id": "test-all"}},
         transformers=[
             CustomTransformer,
@@ -632,7 +643,7 @@ def test_stream_v2_all_transformers_with_checkpointer() -> None:
     assert len(collected["custom"]) >= 1
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_checkpoints_projection_opt_in() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_checkpoints_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     """run.checkpoints surfaces checkpoint data when opted in with a checkpointer."""
     from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import InMemorySaver
 
@@ -642,8 +653,9 @@ def test_stream_v2_checkpoints_projection_opt_in() -> None:
     builder.add_edge("my_node", END)
     graph = builder.compile(checkpointer=InMemorySaver())
 
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
+    run = graph.stream_events(
         {"value": "x", "items": []},
+        version="v3",
         config={"configurable": {"thread_id": "test-ckpt-standalone"}},
         transformers=[CheckpointsTransformer],
     )
@@ -674,7 +686,7 @@ def test_tasks_and_lifecycle_coregistration() -> None:
 
     assert _drain(tasks) == [task_data]
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "tasks" not in methods
 
 
@@ -683,8 +695,9 @@ def test_tasks_and_lifecycle_coregistration_e2e() -> None:
     is present and suppressing them from the main log.
     """
     graph = _make_simple_graph()
-    run = graph.stream_v2(
+    run = graph.stream_events(
         {"value": "x", "items": []},
+        version="v3",
         transformers=[TasksTransformer],
     )
 

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_events_v3.py

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class TestV2Stream:
         for c in chunks:
             _assert_stream_part_shape(c)
 
-    def test_stream_v2_accepts_control_for_drain(self) -> None:
+    def test_stream_events_v3_accepts_control_for_drain(self) -> None:
         class DrainState(TypedDict, total=False):
             value: str
             skipped: str
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ class TestV2Stream:
         builder.add_edge("second", END)
         graph = builder.compile()
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({}, control=control)
+        run = graph.stream_events({}, control=control, version="v3")
         with pytest.raises(GraphDrained, match="sigterm"):
             list(run.values)
 
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ class TestV2ValidationErrors:
 
     _INVALID_INPUT: dict[str, Any] = {"value": [1, 2, 3], "items": []}
 
-    def test_stream_v2_pydantic_validation_error(self) -> None:
+    def test_stream_events_v3_pydantic_validation_error(self) -> None:
         """Invalid input to stream with v2 + pydantic state raises ValidationError."""
         graph = _make_pydantic_graph()
         with pytest.raises(ValidationError):

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_events_v3_e2e.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-"""End-to-end tests exercising all stream_v2 projections together.
+"""End-to-end tests exercising all stream_events(version="v3") projections together.
 
 Each test builds a realistic graph (subgraphs, LLM calls, custom writers,
 interrupts) and verifies that every projection — values, messages, lifecycle,
 subgraphs, raw events, output, interleave — produces correct, consistent
-results through a single stream_v2 / astream_v2 run.
+results through a single stream_events(version="v3") / astream_events(version="v3") run.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -218,9 +218,9 @@ class _CounterTransformer(StreamTransformer):
 
 class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
     def test_all_projections_nested_graph(self) -> None:
-        """Run a nested graph through stream_v2 and verify values + lifecycle."""
+        """Run a nested graph through stream_events(version="v3") and verify values + lifecycle."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         values_snapshots: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
         lifecycle_events: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
     def test_subgraph_handles_with_drill_down(self) -> None:
         """Subgraph handles yield and support values drill-down."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         handles = []
         for handle in run.subgraphs:
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
     def test_raw_events_have_monotonic_seq(self) -> None:
         """Raw protocol events have monotonically increasing seq numbers."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         events = list(run)
         assert len(events) > 0
 
@@ -285,11 +285,15 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
 
     def test_output_matches_final_values_snapshot(self) -> None:
         """output property returns the same state as the last values snapshot."""
-        run1 = _make_nested_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run1 = _make_nested_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         snapshots = list(run1.values)
         final_via_values = snapshots[-1]
 
-        run2 = _make_nested_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run2 = _make_nested_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         final_via_output = run2.output
 
         assert final_via_values == final_via_output
@@ -297,7 +301,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
     def test_context_manager_and_abort(self) -> None:
         """Context manager calls abort, marking the stream exhausted."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        with graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}) as run:
+        with graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3") as run:
             first_val = next(iter(run.values))
             assert isinstance(first_val, dict)
         assert run._exhausted is True
@@ -305,7 +309,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ESync:
     def test_extensions_has_all_native_keys(self) -> None:
         """Extensions dict exposes all native projection keys."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         _ = run.output
 
         assert "values" in run.extensions
@@ -327,7 +331,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EMessages:
     def test_messages_projection_from_invoke(self) -> None:
         """Messages projection captures LLM calls via model.invoke() auto-routing."""
         graph = _make_messages_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         streams = list(run.messages)
 
         assert len(streams) >= 1
@@ -350,7 +354,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EMessages:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "go"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "go"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert "".join(stream.text) == "streamed answer"
 
@@ -368,7 +372,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EMessages:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert stream.output.text == "hardcoded"
         assert stream.message_id == "msg-1"
@@ -376,7 +380,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EMessages:
     def test_root_messages_only_shows_root_scope(self) -> None:
         """Root messages projection doesn't surface subgraph-scoped messages."""
         graph = _make_messages_subgraph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": ["hi"], "done": False})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": ["hi"], "done": False}, version="v3")
         root_streams = list(run.messages)
         # The message is emitted inside the subgraph, so the root
         # messages projection (scoped to root namespace) doesn't see it.
@@ -385,7 +389,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EMessages:
     def test_subgraph_handle_messages_drill_down(self) -> None:
         """Drilling into subgraph handle's messages surfaces subgraph messages."""
         graph = _make_messages_subgraph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": ["hi"], "done": False})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": ["hi"], "done": False}, version="v3")
 
         found_messages = False
         for handle in run.subgraphs:
@@ -407,8 +411,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECustom:
         """Custom StreamWriter events appear on the main log when a
         transformer declares the custom mode."""
         graph = _make_custom_writer_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2(
+        run = graph.stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CustomPassthroughTransformer],
         )
         events = list(run)
@@ -420,7 +425,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECustom:
     def test_custom_events_suppressed_without_transformer(self) -> None:
         """Without a custom-mode transformer, custom events don't flow."""
         graph = _make_custom_writer_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         events = list(run)
         custom = [e for e in events if e["method"] == "custom"]
         assert custom == []
@@ -428,8 +433,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECustom:
     def test_custom_transformer_with_stream_channel(self) -> None:
         """A custom transformer with a StreamChannel produces extension data."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2(
+        run = graph.stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CounterTransformer],
         )
 
@@ -444,8 +450,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECustom:
     def test_custom_channel_events_on_main_log(self) -> None:
         """StreamChannel auto-forward injects custom:<name> events into the main log."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2(
+        run = graph.stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CounterTransformer],
         )
         events = list(run)
@@ -464,7 +471,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EInterrupt:
         """Interrupted run has correct flags and interrupt payloads."""
         graph = _make_interrupt_graph()
         config: dict[str, Any] = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "int-1"}}
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, config)
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, config, version="v3")
 
         output = run.output
         assert output is not None
@@ -477,7 +484,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EInterrupt:
         """Values snapshots captured before the interrupt reflect partial state."""
         graph = _make_interrupt_graph()
         config: dict[str, Any] = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "int-2"}}
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, config)
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, config, version="v3")
 
         snapshots = list(run.values)
         assert len(snapshots) >= 1
@@ -494,14 +501,14 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EErrors:
     def test_subgraph_error_propagates_through_output(self) -> None:
         """Error in a subgraph propagates through output."""
         graph = _make_error_subgraph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="subgraph explosion"):
             _ = run.output
 
     def test_subgraph_error_propagates_through_raw_events(self) -> None:
         graph = _make_error_subgraph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="subgraph explosion"):
             list(run)
@@ -509,7 +516,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EErrors:
     def test_error_subgraph_handle_status(self) -> None:
         """Subgraph handle surfaces the error status."""
         graph = _make_error_subgraph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         handle = next(iter(run.subgraphs))
         with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="subgraph explosion"):
@@ -529,7 +536,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_all_projections_async(self) -> None:
         """Async run exercises values projection."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         values_snapshots = [s async for s in run.values]
         assert len(values_snapshots) >= 1
@@ -540,7 +547,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_async_output(self) -> None:
         """Async output returns the final state."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         output = await run.output()
         assert output is not None
         assert output["value"] == "x_routed_processed"
@@ -550,7 +557,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_async_raw_events(self) -> None:
         """Async raw event iteration yields well-formed ProtocolEvents."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         events = [e async for e in run]
         assert len(events) > 0
         seqs = [e["seq"] for e in events]
@@ -572,7 +579,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         streams = [s async for s in run.messages]
         assert len(streams) >= 1
         for s in streams:
@@ -583,7 +590,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
         """Async interrupted run has correct flags."""
         graph = _make_interrupt_graph()
         config: dict[str, Any] = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "async-int-1"}}
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, config)
+        run = await graph.astream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, config, version="v3"
+        )
 
         output = await run.output()
         assert output is not None
@@ -593,14 +602,14 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_async_error_propagation(self) -> None:
         """Async error from subgraph propagates through output."""
         graph = _make_error_subgraph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="subgraph explosion"):
             await run.output()
 
     async def test_async_context_manager(self) -> None:
         """Async context manager calls abort on exit."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         async with run:
             _ = await anext(aiter(run.values))
         assert run._exhausted is True
@@ -608,7 +617,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_async_extensions_present(self) -> None:
         """Async run has all native extensions."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
         _ = await run.output()
         assert "values" in run.extensions
         assert "messages" in run.extensions
@@ -618,8 +627,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2EAsync:
     async def test_async_custom_transformer(self) -> None:
         """Async custom transformer with StreamChannel works."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = await graph.astream_v2(
+        run = await graph.astream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CounterTransformer],
         )
         assert "counter" in run.extensions
@@ -639,7 +649,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECombined:
     def test_interleave_all_native_projections(self) -> None:
         """Interleave values + messages + lifecycle without deadlock."""
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
         seen_names: set[str] = set()
         for name, _item in run.interleave("values", "messages", "lifecycle"):
@@ -667,8 +677,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECombined:
                 return True
 
         graph = _make_nested_graph()
-        run = graph.stream_v2(
+        run = graph.stream_events(
             {"value": "x", "items": []},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CounterTransformer, TagTransformer],
         )
 
@@ -722,7 +733,7 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECombined:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = outer.stream_v2({"items": []})
+        run = outer.stream_events({"items": []}, version="v3")
         handles = []
         for handle in run.subgraphs:
             list(handle.values)
@@ -740,13 +751,17 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECombined:
 
     def test_lifecycle_matches_subgraph_handles(self) -> None:
         """Lifecycle events and subgraph handles agree on discovered subgraphs."""
-        run1 = _make_nested_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run1 = _make_nested_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         handle_paths: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
         for handle in run1.subgraphs:
             list(handle.values)
             handle_paths.append(handle.path)
 
-        run2 = _make_nested_graph().stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+        run2 = _make_nested_graph().stream_events(
+            {"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3"
+        )
         lifecycle = list(run2.lifecycle)
 
         started_ns = [
@@ -773,8 +788,9 @@ class TestStreamV2E2ECombined:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2(
+        run = graph.stream_events(
             {"messages": "hi"},
+            version="v3",
             transformers=[_CounterTransformer],
         )
 

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_events_v3_kwarg_forwarding.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""Tests that ``(a)stream_events(version="v3")`` forwards extra kwargs to the
+underlying ``(a)stream`` call, and rejects the kwargs v3 owns internally.
+
+Background: prior to this change the v3 dispatcher silently dropped ``**kwargs``
+on the v3 branch while forwarding them on v1/v2, so callers passing e.g.
+``context=...`` saw their value disappear with no error. v3 now forwards
+caller kwargs to the inner ``(a)stream`` call but rejects ``stream_mode`` and
+``subgraphs`` since v3 owns them (``stream_mode`` is built from the
+transformer mux; ``subgraphs`` is forced True so nested namespaces flow
+through scoped muxes).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+from typing_extensions import TypedDict
+
+from langgraph.constants import END, START
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
+from langgraph.runtime import Runtime
+
+NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.version_info < (3, 11),
+    reason="Python 3.11+ is required for async contextvars support",
+)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _Ctx:
+    api_key: str
+
+
+class _State(TypedDict):
+    message: str
+
+
+def _build_context_reading_graph():
+    def read_context(state: _State, runtime: Runtime[_Ctx]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {"message": f"api key: {runtime.context.api_key}"}
+
+    builder = StateGraph(state_schema=_State, context_schema=_Ctx)
+    builder.add_node("read_context", read_context)
+    builder.add_edge(START, "read_context")
+    builder.add_edge("read_context", END)
+    return builder.compile()
+
+
+class TestKwargForwardingSync:
+    def test_context_reaches_node(self) -> None:
+        run = _build_context_reading_graph().stream_events(
+            {"message": "hello"},
+            version="v3",
+            context=_Ctx(api_key="sk_sync"),
+        )
+        assert run.output == {"message": "api key: sk_sync"}
+
+    def test_rejects_stream_mode(self) -> None:
+        graph = _build_context_reading_graph()
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="stream_mode"):
+            graph.stream_events(
+                {"message": "hello"},
+                version="v3",
+                stream_mode=["values"],
+            )
+
+    def test_rejects_subgraphs(self) -> None:
+        graph = _build_context_reading_graph()
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="subgraphs"):
+            graph.stream_events(
+                {"message": "hello"},
+                version="v3",
+                subgraphs=False,
+            )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+@NEEDS_CONTEXTVARS
+class TestKwargForwardingAsync:
+    async def test_context_reaches_node(self) -> None:
+        run = await _build_context_reading_graph().astream_events(
+            {"message": "hello"},
+            version="v3",
+            context=_Ctx(api_key="sk_async"),
+        )
+        output = await run.output()
+        assert output == {"message": "api key: sk_async"}
+
+    async def test_rejects_stream_mode(self) -> None:
+        graph = _build_context_reading_graph()
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="stream_mode"):
+            await graph.astream_events(
+                {"message": "hello"},
+                version="v3",
+                stream_mode=["values"],
+            )
+
+    async def test_rejects_subgraphs(self) -> None:
+        graph = _build_context_reading_graph()
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="subgraphs"):
+            await graph.astream_events(
+                {"message": "hello"},
+                version="v3",
+                subgraphs=False,
+            )

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_lifecycle_transformer.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on the `lifecycle` channel for both in-process iteration via
 events. Most tests dispatch synthetic protocol events through a
 `StreamMux` to keep the inference logic isolated; the end-of-file
 group exercises the path through real graphs (multi-depth
-discovery, nested `stream_v2` calls with non-empty `parent_ns`).
+discovery, nested `stream_events(version="v3")` calls with non-empty `parent_ns`).
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -92,11 +92,16 @@ def _arm(mux: StreamMux) -> None:
             transformer._channel._subscribed = True
 
 
+def _unstamped(items):
+    """Strip push stamps from a StreamChannel's internal buffer."""
+    return [item for _stamp, item in items]
+
+
 def _drain_lifecycle(mux: StreamMux) -> list[LifecyclePayload]:
     """Snapshot the lifecycle channel's buffer."""
     transformer = mux.transformer_by_key("lifecycle")
     assert isinstance(transformer, LifecycleTransformer)
-    return list(transformer._channel._items)
+    return _unstamped(transformer._channel._items)
 
 
 def _build_lifecycle_mux(*, scope: tuple[str, ...] = ()) -> StreamMux:
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ def test_protocol_event_method_is_native() -> None:
     mux = _build_lifecycle_mux()
     mux.push(_tasks_start(["agent:abc"], task_id="t1", name="tool"))
 
-    methods = {evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items}
+    methods = {evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)}
     assert "lifecycle" in methods
     assert "custom:lifecycle" not in methods
 
@@ -312,14 +317,14 @@ def test_tasks_events_suppressed_from_main_log() -> None:
     mux.push(_tasks_start(["agent:abc"], task_id="t1", name="tool"))
     mux.push(_tasks_result([], task_id="abc", name="agent"))
 
-    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in mux._events._items]
+    methods = [evt["method"] for evt in _unstamped(mux._events._items)]
     assert "tasks" not in methods
     # Lifecycle events did make it through, though.
     assert "lifecycle" in methods
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# End-to-end: real graphs through stream_v2
+# End-to-end: real graphs through stream_events(version="v3")
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -353,10 +358,10 @@ def _make_two_level_nested() -> Any:
     return outer_b.compile()
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_real_graph_emits_lifecycle_at_each_depth() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_real_graph_emits_lifecycle_at_each_depth() -> None:
     """Outer graph with two nested subgraphs surfaces lifecycle for both."""
     graph = _make_two_level_nested()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     # Iterating the projection drives the pump and drains synthesized
     # lifecycle events at the same time.
@@ -379,17 +384,17 @@ def test_stream_v2_real_graph_emits_lifecycle_at_each_depth() -> None:
         )
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_with_nested_parent_ns_scopes_lifecycle() -> None:
-    """When `stream_v2` is called with a non-empty checkpoint_ns in config,
+def test_stream_events_v3_with_nested_parent_ns_scopes_lifecycle() -> None:
+    """When `stream_events(version="v3")` is called with a non-empty checkpoint_ns in config,
     `_resolve_parent_ns` returns that namespace and the registered
     `LifecycleTransformer` is constructed with `scope=parent_ns`. This
-    exercises the path that exists today purely for nested-stream_v2
+    exercises the path that exists today purely for nested-stream_events(version="v3")
     callers; the test simulates such a caller by injecting a
     checkpoint_ns into the config.
     """
     graph = _make_two_level_nested()
     config = {CONF: {CONFIG_KEY_CHECKPOINT_NS: "outer:abc"}}
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []}, config=config)
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, config=config, version="v3")
 
     payloads = list(run.lifecycle)
     # Every emitted lifecycle namespace must extend the caller's scope —

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_messages_transformer.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """Tests for MessagesTransformer: protocol event routing, whole-message fallback,
-legacy v1 chunk filtering, and end-to-end via stream_v2 / astream_v2."""
+legacy v1 chunk filtering, and end-to-end via stream_events(version="v3") / astream_events(version="v3")."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from langchain_core.language_models.chat_model_stream import (
     AsyncChatModelStream,
     ChatModelStream,
 )
-from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, AIMessageChunk
+from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, AIMessageChunk, ToolMessage
 from langchain_core.runnables import RunnableConfig
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ from langgraph.stream.transformers import MessagesTransformer, ValuesTransformer
 TS = int(time.time() * 1000)
 
 
+def _unstamped(items):
+    """Strip push stamps from a StreamChannel's internal buffer."""
+    return [item for _stamp, item in items]
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Helpers
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -147,7 +152,7 @@ def _lifecycle(
 def _simple_graph():
     def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["hello world"]))
-        stream = model.stream_v2(state["messages"])
+        stream = model.stream_events(state["messages"], version="v3")
         return {"messages": stream.output}
 
     return (
@@ -174,7 +179,7 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
             )
         )
         log.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert isinstance(stream, ChatModelStream)
         assert stream.message_id == "run-1"
 
@@ -183,7 +188,7 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="hello world"):
             t.process(_proto_event(evt, run_id="run-1"))
         log.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream.done
         assert stream.output.text == "hello world"
 
@@ -206,7 +211,24 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
             )
         )
         log.close()
-        assert list(log._items) == []
+        assert _unstamped(log._items) == []
+
+    def test_tool_role_protocol_events_are_ignored(self) -> None:
+        t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
+        for evt in [
+            {"event": "message-start", "role": "tool", "message_id": "tool-msg-1"},
+            {
+                "event": "content-block-delta",
+                "index": 0,
+                "content_block": {"type": "text", "text": "[]"},
+            },
+            {"event": "message-finish", "reason": "stop"},
+        ]:
+            t.process(_proto_event(evt, run_id="tool-run"))
+
+        log.close()
+        assert _unstamped(log._items) == []
+        assert t._ignored_runs == set()
 
     def test_concurrent_streams_routed_by_run_id(self) -> None:
         t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
@@ -216,7 +238,7 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
             t.process(_proto_event(a, run_id="run-a"))
             t.process(_proto_event(b, run_id="run-b"))
         log.close()
-        streams = list(log._items)
+        streams = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert len(streams) == 2
         by_id = {s.message_id: s for s in streams}
         assert by_id["run-a"].output.text == "aaaa"
@@ -227,7 +249,7 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="abcdef"):
             t.process(_proto_event(evt))
         log.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert "".join(stream._text_proj._deltas) == "abcdef"
 
     def test_stream_pushed_on_message_start_not_finish(self) -> None:
@@ -250,7 +272,7 @@ class TestProtocolEventRouting:
                 node="my_llm",
             )
         )
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream.node == "my_llm"
 
 
@@ -264,15 +286,38 @@ class TestWholeMessageFallback:
         t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
         t.process(_whole_msg("the full answer"))
         log.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream.done
         assert stream.output.text == "the full answer"
 
+    def test_whole_tool_message_is_ignored(self) -> None:
+        t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
+        t.process(
+            {
+                "type": "event",
+                "method": "messages",
+                "params": {
+                    "namespace": [],
+                    "timestamp": TS,
+                    "data": (
+                        ToolMessage(
+                            content="[]",
+                            id="tool-msg-1",
+                            tool_call_id="call_1",
+                        ),
+                        {"langgraph_node": "tools"},
+                    ),
+                },
+            }
+        )
+        log.close()
+        assert _unstamped(log._items) == []
+
     def test_whole_message_has_full_lifecycle(self) -> None:
         t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
         t.process(_whole_msg("full"))
         log.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert [e["event"] for e in stream._events] == [
             "message-start",
             "content-block-start",
@@ -318,16 +363,16 @@ class TestFiltering:
             }
         )
         log.close()
-        assert list(log._items) == []
+        assert _unstamped(log._items) == []
 
     def test_legacy_v1_chunks_ignored(self) -> None:
         # v1 AIMessageChunk tuples (from on_llm_new_token) are not streamed
-        # into this projection; callers must migrate to stream_v2.
+        # into this projection; callers must migrate to stream_events(version="v3").
         t, log = _make_sync_transformer()
         t.process(_v1_chunk("hello"))
         t.process(_v1_chunk(" world", finish=True))
         log.close()
-        assert list(log._items) == []
+        assert _unstamped(log._items) == []
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -343,7 +388,7 @@ class TestLifecycle:
                 {"event": "message-start", "message_id": "run-1"}, run_id="run-1"
             )
         )
-        streams = list(log._items)
+        streams = _unstamped(log._items)
         err = RuntimeError("graph died")
         t.fail(err)
         assert t._by_run == {}
@@ -371,14 +416,14 @@ class TestAsyncMode:
         t, log = _make_async_transformer()
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="async stream"):
             t.process(_proto_event(evt))
-        assert isinstance(list(log._items)[0], AsyncChatModelStream)
+        assert isinstance(_unstamped(log._items)[0], AsyncChatModelStream)
 
     @pytest.mark.anyio
     async def test_text_projection_yields_deltas(self) -> None:
         t, log = _make_async_transformer()
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="hello world"):
             t.process(_proto_event(evt))
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert isinstance(stream, AsyncChatModelStream)
         assert "".join([d async for d in stream.text]) == "hello world"
 
@@ -387,7 +432,7 @@ class TestAsyncMode:
         t, log = _make_async_transformer()
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="async"):
             t.process(_proto_event(evt))
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert (await stream.output).text == "async"
 
 
@@ -419,7 +464,7 @@ class TestWireRequestMore:
         for evt in _lifecycle():
             messages_t.process(_proto_event(evt))
 
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream._request_more is messages_t._pump_fn
 
 
@@ -445,14 +490,14 @@ class TestViaMux:
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="mux stream"):
             mux.push(_proto_event(evt))
         mux.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream.output.text == "mux stream"
 
     def test_whole_message_via_mux(self) -> None:
         t, mux, log = self._make_mux()
         mux.push(_whole_msg("result"))
         mux.close()
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert stream.output.text == "result"
 
     @pytest.mark.anyio
@@ -466,24 +511,24 @@ class TestViaMux:
         for evt in _lifecycle(text="async mux"):
             await mux.apush(_proto_event(evt))
 
-        (stream,) = list(log._items)
+        (stream,) = _unstamped(log._items)
         assert (await stream.output).text == "async mux"
         await mux.aclose()
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# End-to-end: graph → stream_v2 → run.messages (node calls stream_v2)
+# End-to-end: graph → stream_events(version="v3") → run.messages (node calls stream_events)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class TestEndToEnd:
-    """stream_v2 path: node calls model.stream_v2() explicitly."""
+    """stream_events(version="v3") path: node calls model.stream_events() explicitly."""
 
     def test_node_calling_stream_v2_populates_messages(self) -> None:
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["hello world"]))
 
         def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
-            stream = model.stream_v2(state["messages"])
+            stream = model.stream_events(state["messages"], version="v3")
             return {"messages": stream.output}
 
         graph = (
@@ -494,7 +539,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert isinstance(stream, ChatModelStream)
         assert stream.output.text == "hello world"
@@ -504,7 +549,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["streamed answer"]))
 
         def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
-            stream = model.stream_v2(state["messages"])
+            stream = model.stream_events(state["messages"], version="v3")
             return {"messages": stream.output}
 
         graph = (
@@ -515,7 +560,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "go"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "go"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert "".join(stream.text) == "streamed answer"
 
@@ -533,7 +578,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert stream.output.text == "hardcoded"
 
@@ -542,7 +587,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["async answer"]))
 
         async def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
-            stream = await model.astream_v2(state["messages"])
+            stream = await model.astream_events(state["messages"], version="v3")
             return {"messages": await stream}
 
         graph = (
@@ -553,7 +598,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         streams = [s async for s in run.messages]
         assert len(streams) == 1
         assert isinstance(streams[0], AsyncChatModelStream)
@@ -567,7 +612,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["hello world"]))
 
         async def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
-            stream = await model.astream_v2(state["messages"])
+            stream = await model.astream_events(state["messages"], version="v3")
             return {"messages": await stream}
 
         graph = (
@@ -578,7 +623,7 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
 
         async def consume() -> list[str]:
             collected: list[str] = []
@@ -591,12 +636,12 @@ class TestEndToEnd:
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# End-to-end: graph → stream_v2 → run.messages (node calls invoke)
+# End-to-end: graph → stream_events(version="v3") → run.messages (node calls invoke)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
-    """Auto-routing path: stream_v2 injects CONFIG_KEY_STREAM_MESSAGES_V2,
+    """Auto-routing path: stream_events(version="v3") injects CONFIG_KEY_STREAM_MESSAGES_V2,
     causing BaseChatModel to drive the v2 protocol event generator even for
     model.invoke()."""
 
@@ -615,7 +660,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
     def test_invoke_populates_messages(self) -> None:
         run = self._graph(
             GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["hello world"]))
-        ).stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        ).stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert isinstance(stream, ChatModelStream)
         assert stream.output.text == "hello world"
@@ -624,7 +669,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
         """Iterating the stream yields the full v2 lifecycle, not v1 chunks."""
         run = self._graph(
             GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["streamed answer"]))
-        ).stream_v2({"messages": "go"})
+        ).stream_events({"messages": "go"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
 
         events = list(stream)
@@ -645,7 +690,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
     def test_invoke_text_deltas_iterate(self) -> None:
         run = self._graph(
             GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["delta streaming works"]))
-        ).stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        ).stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         (stream,) = list(run.messages)
         assert "".join(stream.text) == "delta streaming works"
 
@@ -669,7 +714,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        streams = list(graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"}).messages)
+        streams = list(graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3").messages)
         assert len(streams) == 2
         assert {s.output.text for s in streams} == {"alpha", "beta"}
 
@@ -693,7 +738,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = graph.stream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = graph.stream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         streams = list(run.messages)
         assert len(streams) == 2
         assert streams[0].node == "streaming_node"
@@ -717,7 +762,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        run = await graph.astream_v2({"messages": "hi"})
+        run = await graph.astream_events({"messages": "hi"}, version="v3")
         streams = [s async for s in run.messages]
         assert len(streams) == 1
         assert isinstance(streams[0], AsyncChatModelStream)
@@ -732,7 +777,7 @@ class TestEndToEndV2Invoke:
 class TestDirectMessagesModeStaysV1:
     def test_direct_graph_stream_messages_yields_ai_message_chunks(self) -> None:
         """graph.stream(stream_mode="messages") must not leak v2 event dicts —
-        the v2 flag is only injected by stream_v2 / astream_v2."""
+        the v2 flag is only injected by stream_events(version="v3") / astream_events(version="v3")."""
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["legacy path"]))
 
         def call_model(state: MessagesState) -> dict[str, Any]:
@@ -755,8 +800,10 @@ class TestDirectMessagesModeStaysV1:
             == "legacy path"
         )
 
-    def test_nested_graph_stream_messages_stays_v1_under_outer_stream_v2(self) -> None:
-        """An outer `stream_v2()` run must not flip an inner direct
+    def test_nested_graph_stream_messages_stays_v1_under_outer_stream_events_v3(
+        self,
+    ) -> None:
+        """An outer `stream_events(version="v3")` run must not flip an inner direct
         `stream_mode="messages"` call onto the v2 event protocol."""
         model = GenericFakeChatModel(messages=iter(["nested legacy path"]))
 
@@ -807,7 +854,7 @@ class TestDirectMessagesModeStaysV1:
             .compile()
         )
 
-        result = outer.stream_v2({}).output
+        result = outer.stream_events({}, version="v3").output
 
         assert result is not None
         assert result["saw_only_chunks"] is True
@@ -842,6 +889,23 @@ class TestStreamMessagesHandlerV2Unit:
 
         assert emitted == []
 
+    def test_on_chain_end_does_not_emit_tool_messages(self) -> None:
+        from uuid import uuid4
+
+        from langgraph.pregel._messages import StreamMessagesHandlerV2
+
+        emitted: list[Any] = []
+        handler = StreamMessagesHandlerV2(emitted.append, subgraphs=False)
+        run_id = uuid4()
+        handler.metadata[run_id] = ((), {"langgraph_node": "tools"})
+
+        handler.on_chain_end(
+            {"messages": [ToolMessage(content="[]", tool_call_id="call_1")]},
+            run_id=run_id,
+        )
+
+        assert emitted == []
+
     def test_on_llm_end_dedupes_when_final_message_id_differs(self) -> None:
         """A streamed v2 message should not be emitted again from the final
         AIMessage fallback when its final id does not match `message-start`."""

libs/langgraph/tests/test_stream_subgraph_transformer.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Subscribes to `tasks` events and produces in-process `SubgraphRunStream`
 handles backed by mini-muxes (built via `StreamMux._make_child`). The
 synthetic-event tests isolate the inference / mini-mux wiring; the
 real-graph tests exercise the end-to-end navigation path through
-`stream_v2`.
+`stream_events(version="v3")`.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def _tasks_result(
 
 
 def _native_factories() -> list[Any]:
-    """Mirror the factory list `Pregel.stream_v2` registers."""
+    """Mirror the factory list `Pregel.stream_events(version="v3")` registers."""
     return [
         ValuesTransformer,
         MessagesTransformer,
@@ -159,8 +159,13 @@ def _subgraph_transformer(mux: StreamMux) -> SubgraphTransformer:
     return transformer
 
 
+def _unstamped(items):
+    """Strip push stamps from a StreamChannel's internal buffer."""
+    return [item for _stamp, item in items]
+
+
 def _drain_subgraphs(mux: StreamMux) -> list[SubgraphRunStream]:
-    return list(_subgraph_transformer(mux)._log._items)
+    return _unstamped(_subgraph_transformer(mux)._log._items)
 
 
 def _child_mux(handle: SubgraphRunStream | AsyncSubgraphRunStream) -> StreamMux:
@@ -169,13 +174,13 @@ def _child_mux(handle: SubgraphRunStream | AsyncSubgraphRunStream) -> StreamMux:
 
 
 def _event_items(mux: StreamMux) -> list[ProtocolEvent]:
-    return list(mux._events._items)
+    return _unstamped(mux._events._items)
 
 
 def _lifecycle_payloads(mux: StreamMux) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
     lifecycle_t = mux.transformer_by_key("lifecycle")
     assert isinstance(lifecycle_t, LifecycleTransformer)
-    return list(lifecycle_t._channel._items)
+    return _unstamped(lifecycle_t._channel._items)
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -247,7 +252,7 @@ def test_grandchild_discovered_via_child_mini_mux() -> None:
     [child_handle] = _drain_subgraphs(mux)
     assert child_handle.path == ("agent:abc",)
     # The grandchild appears on the CHILD'S subgraphs projection.
-    grandchildren = list(child_handle.subgraphs._items)
+    grandchildren = _unstamped(child_handle.subgraphs._items)
     assert len(grandchildren) == 1
     assert grandchildren[0].path == ("agent:abc", "tool:def")
 
@@ -756,10 +761,10 @@ def _make_failing_nested() -> Any:
     return outer_b.compile()
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_real_graph_yields_subgraph_handles() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_real_graph_yields_subgraph_handles() -> None:
     """Iterating `run.subgraphs` yields handles for direct-child subgraphs."""
     graph = _make_two_level_nested()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     handle_paths: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
     final_status: dict[tuple[str, ...], str] = {}
@@ -775,10 +780,10 @@ def test_stream_v2_real_graph_yields_subgraph_handles() -> None:
     assert final_status[handle_paths[0]] == "completed"
 
 
-def test_stream_v2_grandchild_visible_on_child_handle() -> None:
+def test_stream_events_v3_grandchild_visible_on_child_handle() -> None:
     """Drilling into `handle.subgraphs` surfaces nested grandchildren."""
     graph = _make_two_level_nested()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     grandchild_paths: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
     middle_path: tuple[str, ...] | None = None
@@ -805,7 +810,7 @@ def test_subgraph_output_stops_at_own_terminal_without_draining_siblings() -> No
     inside the loop body misses its events.
     """
     graph = _make_two_sibling_subgraphs()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     paths: list[tuple[str, ...]] = []
     second_values: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
@@ -824,7 +829,7 @@ def test_subgraph_output_stops_at_own_terminal_without_draining_siblings() -> No
 
 def test_aborted_subgraph_handle_does_not_fail_parent_forwarding() -> None:
     graph = _make_two_sibling_subgraphs()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     seen: list[str | None] = []
     for handle in run.subgraphs:
@@ -842,7 +847,7 @@ def test_aborted_subgraph_handle_does_not_fail_parent_forwarding() -> None:
 
 def test_failed_subgraph_output_raises_terminal_error() -> None:
     graph = _make_failing_nested()
-    run = graph.stream_v2({"value": "x", "items": []})
+    run = graph.stream_events({"value": "x", "items": []}, version="v3")
 
     handle = next(iter(run.subgraphs))
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="child boom"):